CN1770585A - Variable-speed constant-frequency doubly-fed generator system and its parallel network controlling method - Google Patents
Variable-speed constant-frequency doubly-fed generator system and its parallel network controlling method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind powered generator system and grid-connected control method thereof, particularly adopt speed-variable frequency-constant wind-driven generator system and the grid-connected control method thereof of doubly fed induction generator as generator.
Background technology
At present, in the main in the world wind generating technology, the variable-speed constant-frequency wind power generation technology is optimized technology, will become the developing direction of wind generating technology.The variable speed constant frequency double-fed generator group, have only earlier through and network process, could send energy to electrical network, therefore, the control of being incorporated into the power networks of variable speed constant frequency doubly-fed motor is most important.
Under traditional constant-speed and constant-frequency generation mode, the generator output frequency depends on the speed of prime mover fully, and is irrelevant with electrical network and generator excitation.Before the generator connecting in parallel with system must through strict synchronously, also must strict control invariablenes turning speed after being incorporated into the power networks.Therefore, being incorporated into the power networks of synchronous motor is very strict and complicated, handles the bad paralysis or the collapse that may cause system.
Directly being incorporated into the power networks in the mode that asynchronous generator is incorporated into the power networks, accurate simultaneous interconnecting and step-down combining all require to be incorporated into the power networks near with leg speed the time at rotating speed, rotating speed is had certain restriction, and impulse current are bigger.Recently the soft interconnection technology of many asynchronous machines of usefulness is to reduce impulse current by the The Trigger of Bidirectional Triode Thyristor angle as the switch that is incorporated into the power networks between control generator and the electrical network, but needs high-power switch device, and cost is higher.
In existing variable speed constant frequency doubly-fed motor is incorporated into the power networks, at first control the stator voltage amplitude of motor, when voltage magnitude reaches specified, carry out the control of stator voltage and synchronized again, constantly carry out the adjusting at phase angle, after both realize synchronously by the time, carry out again and net operation.And, in the control procedure that is incorporated into the power networks, adopting current closed-loop control, this has just increased the complexity of system, not only will increase the sampling of electrical network and motor, has increased cost, has also increased the weight of the burden of system processor.
Summary of the invention
The impulse current that is incorporated into the power networks that the objective of the invention is to overcome prior art is big, strict when being incorporated into the power networks to motor speed, and the shortcoming of grid-connection control system complexity, a kind of variable speed constant frequency double-fed generator system and grid-connected control method thereof are provided, electric current adopts open loop control, frequency, amplitude and phase place to stator voltage are controlled simultaneously, realize that the double-fed generator group is incorporated into the power networks smoothly.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of variable speed constant frequency dual feed wind generator system and grid-connected control method thereof.This variable speed constant frequency dual feed wind generator system mainly comprises:
A doubly fed induction generator is as generator; A pwm converter that is contained in the generator amature side, this pwm converter can four-quadrant operation; Drag wind turbine, DSP unit, electric quantity acquisition unit, speed, location measurement unit, driver element and the contactor control unit that is incorporated into the power networks.Described DSP unit adopts the TMS320LF2407 of TI company; A contactor that is used to connect electrical network and double feedback electric engine stator.
Dragging wind turbine is connected with the rolling bearing of double feedback electric engine; The rotor-exciting terminal of double feedback electric engine is connected with pwm converter, and this pwm converter adopts two PWM three phase full bridge topological structures; The input side of pwm converter is connected with electrical network; The stator of double feedback electric engine is connected with contactor; An other end of contactor links to each other with electrical network; The AD sampling unit of DSP unit, quadrature decoder device unit and PWM generator are connected with the holding wire of electrical measurement unit, speed, location measurement unit and driver element respectively; The input of electrical measurement unit is connected with three phase network voltage; Speed, location measurement unit are connected with the output signal of the photoelectric code disk of double fed electric machine rotor side; Driver element is connected with the base drive terminal of the device for power switching of strong power part pwm converter; The contactor control unit that is incorporated into the power networks is connected with contactor.
The grid-connected control method of variable speed constant frequency dual feed wind generator of the present invention system mainly is to utilize pwm converter control double-fed generator stator to produce voltage, controls according to the following steps:
(1) utilize speed, location measurement unit detection rotor position, this rotor-position condition is the position that double fed electric machine rotor rotates to the dead in line of rotor three-phase winding axis and stator winding, if testing result then continues to detect for not;
(2) if in the step (1), testing result is for being that then DSP unit and electrical measurement unit are measured the phase place of electrical network immediately in real time;
(3) detect motor speed and whether reach more than the 0.5s, if testing result then continues to detect motor speed for not;
(4) if the testing result of step (3) is for being, then driver element carries out the driving to pwm converter, so that the rotor of motor produces exciting current, the method that described exciting current produces, use rotor current open loop control, the exciting current that produces to the phase place of motor stator voltage, amplitude, frequency is controlled simultaneously;
(5) detect motor speed and whether reach 0.3s, if testing result is then proceeded to detect and waited for for not;
(6) if the testing result of step (5) is for being, control contactor closure is then finished being connected of motor and electrical network.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Grid-connected control method of the present invention can be controlled simultaneously to motor stator voltage phase place, amplitude and frequency, does not need to carry out separately the Synchronization Control of line voltage and motor stator voltage; During at 0～0.5s, driver element begins to drive pwm converter, like this in motor speed range, the rotary speed scope that motor is incorporated into the power networks is very wide, and is not strict to rate request, and, the driving voltage that rotor needs is less, significantly reduced the capacity of converter, control procedure of the present invention has adopted open current loop control, has reduced the complexity of system, alleviated the burden of system processor, make Current Control become simply, easily row makes double feedback electric engine be easy to be incorporated into the power networks.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the strong power part block diagram of grid-connected system.
Fig. 2 is the weak current part block diagram of grid-connected system.
Fig. 3 is No. one drive circuit figure in the driver element.
Fig. 4 is one road electric weight modulate circuit figure in the electrical measurement unit.
Fig. 5 is a velocity location measuring unit circuit diagram.
Fig. 6 is the contactor control unit circuit figure that is incorporated into the power networks.
Fig. 7 is the flow chart that double feedback electric engine carries out grid-connected control method.
Fig. 8 is a rotor current open loop control principle block diagram.
Fig. 9 is the lab diagram that is incorporated into the power networks.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the strong power part block diagram of variable speed constant frequency dual feed wind generator system, and Fig. 2 is its weak current part block diagram.In the system that forms by Fig. 1,2, adopt combination method of the present invention.Strong power part mainly comprises among Fig. 1: pwm converter 1, double-fed generator 2 drags wind turbine 3, contactor 4.Its concrete connected mode is: drag wind turbine 3 and be connected with the rolling bearing of double feedback electric engine 2; The rotor-exciting terminal of double feedback electric engine 2 is connected with pwm converter 1, and this pwm converter 1 adopts two PWM three phase full bridge topological structures, can realize the two-way flow of double-fed generator rotor-side energy; The input side of pwm converter 1 is connected with electrical network; The stator of double feedback electric engine 2 is connected with a contactor 4; An other end of contactor 4 is connected with electrical network.
Weak current part mainly comprises among Fig. 2: DSP unit 5, and electrical measurement unit 6, speed, location measurement unit 7, driver element 8, contactor control unit 9 is incorporated into the power networks.The controller of DSP unit 5 adopts the TMS320LF2407 of TI company, and this controller has powerful processing capacity, and inside comprises the IO pin of AD converter, quadrature decoder device, PWM generator and control usefulness.
Its connected mode is: DSP unit 5 inner AD converter, quadrature decoder device and PWM generator are connected with the holding wire of electrical measurement unit 6, speed, location measurement unit 7 and driver element 8 respectively; The input of electrical measurement unit 6 is connected with three phase network voltage; Speed, location measurement unit 7 are connected with the output signal of the photoelectric code disk of double fed electric machine rotor side; Driver element 8 is connected with the base drive terminal of the device for power switching of strong power part pwm converter 1; The contactor control unit 9 that is incorporated into the power networks is connected with contactor, and the break-make of contactor is controlled.
The quadrature decoder device of DSP unit 5 receives the motor code-disc signal from speed, location measurement unit [7], pulse signal A, the B, the Z that are fixed on double feedback electric engine 2 epitrochanterian photoelectric code disk outputs are connected to the J18 interface of speed, location measurement unit 7, and A, B, Z signal are connected with the 12V power supply through pull-up resistor R162, R172, the R182 of 1k respectively; When double feedback electric engine 2 rotors whenever rotated to some fixed positions, the Z signal produced a pulse; Antijamming capability for enhancing speed, location measurement unit 7, A, B, Z signal carry out isolation processing by high speed photo coupling U16, U17, U18 respectively, the isolation secondary CONA of optocoupler, CONB signal are connected with the 5V power supply through pull-up resistor R161, the R171 of 2k, its output signal is connected with the quadrature decoder unit of DSP unit 5, be used for measuring speed, the CONZ signal is connected with the 5V power supply through the pull-up resistor R181 of 2k, output signal links to each other with the IO mouth of DSP unit 5, is used for detecting motor rotor position.
AD converter becomes digital signal to the analog signal conversion of electrical measurement unit 6, drive test amount modulate circuit in the electrical measurement unit 6 as shown in Figure 4, its connection and the course of work are: the voltage of strong power part at first, electric current just is transformed to through voltage-current sensor, the ac voltage signal Vout of negative 1.65V, the direct current biasing signal of a Vout signal and a 1.65V passes through the resistance R 21 of 10k respectively, R22 links to each other with the end of oppisite phase of U1C, the positive terminal of U1C is through resistance R 23 ground connection of 10k, the output of U1C feeds back to the reverse input end of U1C through the R24 of 10k feedback resistance, constituted reverse adder operation circuit like this, just will import, negate was transformed into the AC signal of 0V to negative 3.3V after negative 1.65V ac voltage signal added the 1.65V bias voltage; Secondly the output signal of U1C is connected to the direction input of operational amplifier U1D through the resistance R 25 of 10k, the normal phase input end of U1D links to each other with ground through the resistance R 27 of 10k, the output of U1D feeds back to the direction input of U1D through the feedback resistance R26 of 10k, constitute a reverse computing circuit like this, the 0V of input can be transformed into the signal of 0V to 3.3V to the AC signal of bearing 3.3V; The output signal of last U1D is through resistance R 28, and the RC low-pass filter circuit of capacitor C 22 carries out filtering, and handles through diode D21, D22 amplitude limiter circuit, exports to the AD conversion of DSP unit, exports to the AD unit of DSP, samples.
The quadrature decoder device passes through holding wire, reception is from the motor code-disc signal of speed, location measurement unit 7, the circuit diagram of speed, location measurement unit 7 as shown in Figure 5, pulse signal A, the B, the Z that are fixed on double feedback electric engine 2 epitrochanterian photoelectric code disk outputs are connected to the J18 interface of speed, location measurement unit 7, and A, B, Z signal are connected with the 12V power supply through pull-up resistor R162, R172, the R182 of 1k respectively.A, B signal are the orthogonal pulses signals of phase place mutual deviation 90 degree, are used for measuring the speed of double feedback electric engine 2, and the Z signal is used for measuring the absolute position of double feedback electric engine 2 rotors, and when double feedback electric engine 2 rotors whenever rotated to some fixed positions, the Z signal produced a pulse.Be enhancing speed, the antijamming capability of location measurement unit 7, A, B, the Z signal is respectively by high speed photo coupling U16, U17, U18 carries out isolation processing, the isolation secondary CONA of optocoupler, the CONB signal is through the pull-up resistor R161 of 2k, R171 is connected with the 5V power supply, its output signal is connected with the quadrature decoder unit of DSP unit 5, be used for measuring speed, the CONZ signal is connected with the 5V power supply through the pull-up resistor R181 of 2k, output signal links to each other with the IO mouth of DSP unit 5, be used for detecting motor rotor position, particularly point out, can determine the absolute position of rotor by the measurement of this signal.
PWM generator is connected with driver element 8, for the power tube of pwm converter 1 provides drive signal.A road of driver element 8 drives as shown in Figure 3.The drive signal of the PWM generator of DSP unit at first links to each other with 3.3V power supply VCC through 330 ohm resistance R 3, carry out the amplification of drive signal through overdriven amplifier 7407 then, the output of drive signal is carried out the isolation of drive signal through high speed photo coupling OPT1, the secondary rfpa output signal of optocoupler OPT1 links to each other with the driving pin of the power tube of pwm converter 1, wherein Shu Chu drive signal CP11 links to each other with the SPR1 pin through the resistance R 1 of a 6.8k, finishes the driving of pwm converter 1.
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of contactor control unit 9 of being incorporated into the power networks, the IO of DSP unit 5 drives pin OPOUT4 and drives amplification through overdriven amplifier U19C, isolating through optocoupler U20, the isolation signals of optocoupler U20 secondary output drives contactor, wherein, secondary output signal SW is connected with the power supply of 5V through the pull-up resistor R202 of 2k, and this signal is connected with contactor 4, the adhesive of control contactor contact and disconnection.
Fig. 7 has represented the detailed process that double-fed generator grid-connected control method of the present invention is realized in said system.
As shown in Figure 7,, drag double-fed generator 2 when rotating, utilize the photoelectric code disk z road of DSP unit 5 and speed, location measurement unit 7 to measure motor rotor position and whether satisfy condition when dragging blower fan 3 in step 101.Should be pointed out that this condition occurs in the position of the dead in line of rotor three-phase winding axis and stator winding.If the judged result of step 101 is "Yes", control flow enters step 102, in this step, DSP unit 5 and electrical measurement unit 6 are observed the position of line voltage synthetic vector immediately in real time, specifically, be exactly the instantaneous value of electrical measurement unit 6 sampling three phase network voltages, the instantaneous value analog quantity is delivered to DSP unit 5 through electrical measurement unit modulate circuit, through coordinate transform, obtain the position of line voltage synthetic vector.Subsequently, control flow enters step 103.On the other hand, if the judged result in step 101 is " non-", then control flow comes back to step 101, continue to judge the rotor three-phase winding axis whether with the dead in line of stator winding.
In step 103, utilize whether 0～0.5 slippage scope of rotating speed that speed, location measurement unit 7 measures double-fed generators 2.If the judged result in step 103 is a "Yes", that is to say, motor speed is in 0～0.5 slippage scope, then control flow enters step 104, and 8 pairs of pwm converters 1 of driver element this moment drive, at the rotor-side generation exciting current of double-fed generator 2, wherein, this excitation exciting current is to the phase place of double-fed generator 2 stator voltages, amplitude, and frequency is controlled simultaneously.Particularly point out, the method that produces drive current has adopted rotor current open loop control, and its control block diagram is seen Fig. 8.On the other hand, be " non-" as if judged result in step 103, then reenter step 103, whether the rotating speed of judging double-fed generator 2 is in 0～0.5 slippage scope.
Step 105 after the step 104 judges whether the rotating speed of double-fed generator 2 is 0.3s.Judged result in step 105 is " non-", and then control flow continues to enter step 105, carries out the detection of rotating speed and judges.If the judged result in step 105 is a "Yes", then utilize the circuit of the contactor control unit 9 that is incorporated into the power networks, electrical network is connected in contactor 4 adhesives that control double-fed generator 2 is connected with electrical network, finishes and is incorporated into the power networks.
Fig. 8 has represented rotor current open loop control block diagram.It is the specific implementation method of step 104:
Stator voltage frequency set-point f1 is the frequency of electrical network, when rotor frequency f 2 (electrical degree frequency) when changing, as long as the corresponding frequency of supply fs that adjusts the rotor inverter, making it satisfy relational expression fs=f1-f2 is that may command generator powered electric voltage frequency is identical with electrical network.The line voltage synthetic vector position angle that utilizes electric quantity acquisition unit 6 to measure, deduct the angle of the motor rotor position of speed, location measurement unit 7 measurements, can obtain the anglec of rotation of coordinate transform in the vector control, to the alternating voltage output frequency that Derivative Operation draws inverter that carries out of this angle.
The stator voltage amplitude of double-fed generator 2 is controlled by stator magnetic linkage, can calculate the stator flux linkage set value according to line voltage amplitude DSP unit 5, then by ψ Ds=L mi DrObtain the given i of rotor excitation current Dr, according to the voltage steady-state equation of rotor this moment
Directly calculate the rotor voltage set-point in the rotating coordinate system.
The stator three-phase voltage that the control of stator voltage phase place is observed by electrical measurement unit 6 obtains static two coordinate system stator voltage u through 3/2 conversion α, u β, calculate the given θ of stator voltage vector position then, then the stator magnetic linkage vector position is θ 1=θ-90 °, the position that draws coordinate system d axle like this is used for controlling the phase place of stator voltage.
The specific implementation process is as follows: at first utilize electric quantity acquisition unit [6] to measure the instantaneous value of three phase network voltage, the line voltage measured value obtains the mould value and the angle of line voltage synthetic vector through coordinate transform; Secondly, utilize speed, location measurement unit [7] to measure, measure the rotor position angle of double feedback electric engine [2] from the code-disc signal, the angle of line voltage synthetic vector is deducted 90 degree after, subtract each other with rotor position angle again, obtain the required anglec of rotation of coordinate transform; Then, the computing of differentiating calculates rotary speed, i.e. slippage angular speed; Then, according to three phase network voltage-mode value, the stator magnetic linkage amplitude that calculates double feedback electric engine is given, and the rotor current excitation component that calculates under the two-phase rotating coordinate system according to the mutual inductance of double feedback electric engine is given; Once more, utilize slippage angular speed given according to the rotor voltage that the steady state voltage Equation for Calculating of motor goes out under the synchronous rotating frame; At last, it is given to utilize coordinate transform to obtain the three-phase rotor voltage, uses Sine Wave Pulse Width Modulation and produces pwm signal, by driver element [8], drives pwm converter [1].
Although abovely narrated the present invention by preferred example, the present invention is not limited to this example.Under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit of the present invention, can also make various variations and conversion.For example, this example is at the variable speed constant frequency dual feed wind generator system implementation, and as a kind of replacement scheme, this example also can be implemented in waterpower double-fed generator grid-connected system.
The experimental waveform of Fig. 9 for adopting the method for the invention to be incorporated into the power networks comprises line voltage, stator voltage, stator current, rotor current.As seen, and network process in, stator does not have impulse current, rotor current also can be stablized transition, has realized that the variable speed constant frequency double-fed generator group is incorporated into the power networks smoothly.
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2008074199A1 (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2008-06-26 | Beijing Institute For Frontier Science | Constant frequency and locked phase generator adaptable to varying moment impetus |
| CN100456628C (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2009-01-28 | 天津理工大学 | AC exciting control system of double feed wind power generator based on DSP with secondary frequency modulation and its working method |
| CN101033730B (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2010-06-02 | 上海交通大学 | Control method for stably operating wind power field using double-fed asynchronous generator |
| CN101267117B (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2010-06-09 | 北京清能华福风电技术有限公司 | A speed-varying frequency constant dual feedback wind power generation system and its parallel control method |
| CN1976178B (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2010-09-08 | 天津市新源电气科技有限公司 | Variable speed constant frequency excitation control system |
| CN101546981B (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2010-11-10 | 邓允河 | Vertical wind power generator with motor startup mode |
| CN102006000A (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-04-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Non-directly grid-connected wind driven generator with connection type of power winding variable and method |
| CN101299540B (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2011-04-27 | 国网南京自动化研究院 | Apparatus for implementing low voltage cross-over of wind generator set |
| CN102638058A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-15 | 东南大学 | Grid-connected control system and method for variable-speed constant-frequency (VSCF) double-rotor permanent magnet wind generator |
| CN103430204A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-12-04 | 株式会社东芝 | Social-infrastructure control system, server, control method, and program |
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| US3982170A (en) * | 1975-11-28 | 1976-09-21 | Borg-Warner Corporation | Variable speed, constant frequency induction generator system |
| US5418446A (en) * | 1993-05-10 | 1995-05-23 | Hallidy; William M. | Variable speed constant frequency synchronous electric power generating system and method of using same |
| CN1268843C (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2006-08-09 | 沈阳工业大学 | Megawatt grade speed veriable constant frequency wind electric generator set |
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| CN100456628C (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2009-01-28 | 天津理工大学 | AC exciting control system of double feed wind power generator based on DSP with secondary frequency modulation and its working method |
| CN1976178B (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2010-09-08 | 天津市新源电气科技有限公司 | Variable speed constant frequency excitation control system |
| WO2008074199A1 (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2008-06-26 | Beijing Institute For Frontier Science | Constant frequency and locked phase generator adaptable to varying moment impetus |
| CN101033730B (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2010-06-02 | 上海交通大学 | Control method for stably operating wind power field using double-fed asynchronous generator |
| CN101299540B (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2011-04-27 | 国网南京自动化研究院 | Apparatus for implementing low voltage cross-over of wind generator set |
| CN101267117B (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2010-06-09 | 北京清能华福风电技术有限公司 | A speed-varying frequency constant dual feedback wind power generation system and its parallel control method |
| CN101546981B (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2010-11-10 | 邓允河 | Vertical wind power generator with motor startup mode |
| CN102006000A (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-04-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Non-directly grid-connected wind driven generator with connection type of power winding variable and method |
| CN102006000B (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2012-11-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Non-directly grid-connected wind driven generator with variable connection type of power winding and method |
| CN103430204A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-12-04 | 株式会社东芝 | Social-infrastructure control system, server, control method, and program |
| CN102638058A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-15 | 东南大学 | Grid-connected control system and method for variable-speed constant-frequency (VSCF) double-rotor permanent magnet wind generator |
| CN104626148A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2015-05-20 | 沈阳新松机器人自动化股份有限公司 | Orthopaedic manipulator system based on pneumatic control of force |
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| CN106194566B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-09-21 | 济南依莱米克电气技术有限公司 | Utilize the combination method of the generator of surge energy |
| CN110380452A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2019-10-25 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | The grid-connected system and method for thermoacoustic generating set |
| CN110380452B (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2020-12-11 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Grid connection system and method of thermoacoustic generator set |
| CN108802498A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽北斗易通信息技术有限公司 | A kind of earth resistance tester |
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