CN1770258B

CN1770258B - Rendition style determination apparatus and method

Info

Publication number: CN1770258B
Application number: CN 200510118640
Authority: CN
Inventors: 大野京子
Original assignee: Yamaha Corp
Current assignee: Yamaha Corp
Priority date: 2004-11-01
Filing date: 2005-11-01
Publication date: 2011-09-21
Anticipated expiration: 2025-11-01
Also published as: CN1770258A; JP4407473B2; JP2006126710A

Abstract

On the basis of performance event information, at least two notes to be sounded in succession or in an overlapping relation to each other are detected, and a tone pitch difference between the detected at least two notes is detected. Tone pitch difference limitation ranges are set in corresponding relation to various rendition styles. Rendition style to be imparted to the notes to be sounded in succession or in an overlapping relation is designated, and a comparison is made between a tone pitch difference limitation range corresponding to the designated rendition style and the detected tone pitch difference, so as determine whether the designated rendition style is applicable or not. In this way, whether the designated rendition style is to be applied or not is automatically controlled in accordance with the tone pitch difference of the at least two notes to be imparted with the rendition style. Further, pitch range limitation ranges are set in corresponding relation to various rendition styles, and the applicability of a designated rendition style is controlled depending on whether or not a tone to be imparted with the designated rendition style is within the pitch range limitation range corresponding to the designated rendition style.

Description

Rendition style is determined equipment and method

Technical field

The present invention relates generally to be used for determine that according to the such performance data feature rendition style (rendition style) of the music expression (musical expression) that will give determines equipment, method and program.Especially, the present invention relates to a kind of suitable (or appropriateness) (being applicability) of using, come definite improvement rendition style of the rendition style of two notes of overlapping of sounding that will be given in succession to determine equipment and method according to rendition style.Further, the present invention relates to the predetermined range of a kind of basis limits the applicability of the rendition style of determining to be designated as the object that will give, determines that according to the applicability of determining like this improvement rendition style of the rendition style that will give determines equipment and method then.

Background technology

In the last few years, electronic musical instrument had obtained generally using, and the such performance data that they produce the operation of playing the operation subelement according to the response player or according to pre-prepd such performance data comes the electronics real estate to give birth to tone.The such performance data that uses for this electronic musical instrument for example be constructed to music score on note and the corresponding musical instrument digital interface of music symbol (MIDI) data.Yet, close the pitch separately that (note-off) information is represented a series of notes if only open (note-on) information and note with pitch information such as note, then for example play and tend to become machinery and stiff, therefore at the nature that becoming musically by reappearing automatic tone that this such performance data carries out.Thereby, there are some to be designed to so far more natural, graceful and carry out known equipment realistically musically based on the performance of such performance data, as: performances can be carried out, handle is given the equipment of performance according to the rendition style that the user operates appointment simultaneously; And determine to represent the various music expressions of rendition style etc. according to the such performance data feature, make it oneself can carry out performance, automatically give the equipment of performance definite pairing rendition style of result simultaneously.Disclosed equipment is exactly this known equipment among the open No.2003-271139 (corresponding to U.S. Patent No. 6,911,591) of Japanese patent application pending trial.In the known equipment of tradition, determine various music expressions and the rendition style (or sound articulation) that musical instrument characterized according to the feature of such performance data, and give such performance data rendition style.For example, in the middle of such performance data, search for or search each position that is suitable for carrying out staccato, legato or other rendition style automatically, can realize then giving the such performance data that finds like this position again such as the playing information (for example rendition style allocate event) of the performance of staccato or legato (being also referred to as " legato (slur) ").

In order to allow electronic musical instrument to reappear performance more realistically, must suitably use multiple rendition style such as the natural musical instrument of acoustic musical instrument; Any rendition style can be realized by the tone generator that is provided with in the electronic musical instrument in theory.Yet if consider performance on the actual natural musical instrument, because various restrictions, as instrument structure, rendition style feature with the restriction of the fingering during playing, actual natural musical instrument is difficult to carry out in fact sometimes to be played, and the rendition style of giving some appointment.For example, although because two pitches poor (being interval) of overlapping between the note of sounding (playing) are very little in succession, make that actual natural musical instrument is difficult to give such two notes with glissando, but known equipment is used same as before usually and is confirmed as the glissando rendition style that (or being designated as in advance) will give the rendition style of such two notes of overlapping.Promptly, past, even the improper rendition style that to be designated as the rendition style of the object that will give be a kind of even also be difficult to carry out on natural musical instrument specifies rendition style also will undesirably be employed same as before, cause thus in the not performance of expression naturally musically.

Further, not only in reality nature musical instrument, and in the electronic musical instrument of different model type and/or manufacturer etc., the available range restriction (in this instructions, these ranges are called as " actual range ") that is provided with specific to the range restriction or the user of musical instrument is arranged all.Thereby when the natural instrument tamber that will utilize expectation was carried out performance on electronic musical instrument, the giving of a certain rendition style that is designated as the object that will give was unsuitable sometimes.For example, bend sound (bent-up) rendition style, can not utilize actual natural musical instrument to carry out and play, realize simultaneously from bending sound to actual range with interior making progress beyond the actual range about making progress.Yet, the conventional electrical musical instrument is configured to, even can not be carried out by reality nature musical instrument so far, beyond actual range, electronic musical instrument, be performed with undesirable form with interior upwards curved sound to actual range, also use the upwards curved sound rendition style that is confirmed as the object that (or being designated as in advance) will give same as before; That is, in this case, the performance of electronic musical instrument is tended in addition to transfer to actual range according to upwards curved sound instruction from actual range at pitch and is interrupted suddenly with interior time point.That is, even the rendition style that will give is a kind of rendition style type of using the pitch beyond the actual range and can not realizing with the nature musical instrument, routine techniques is also used this appointment rendition style same as before, and this will cause in factitious performance musically.

Summary of the invention

In view of above description, the objective of the invention is, provide a kind of and determine equipment, method and program by avoiding using the rendition style that the rendition style that in fact is difficult to carry out allows to approach the performance more true to nature of nature instrument playing.

Another object of the present invention is, provides a kind of and determines equipment, method and program by avoiding using the rendition style that the rendition style that is difficult to only to utilize actual range to realize allows to approach the performance more true to nature of nature instrument playing.

According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of improved rendition style to determine equipment, this rendition style determines that equipment comprises: part is provided, and this provides part that the performance event information is provided; Part is set, and this is provided with part and with given rendition style pitch difference limited field is set accordingly; Test section, this test section detect at least two notes wanting adjoining land or play with overlapping each other, and the pitch that detects between detected at least two notes are poor according to the performance event information that provides; Obtain part, this acquisition part obtains to be used to specify the information of the rendition style that will be given to detected at least two notes; And rendition style determining section, this rendition style determining section is to set and the specified corresponding pitch difference of the rendition style limited field of information that obtains, and on the basis that compares of the pitch difference between detected at least two notes in test section, determine applicability by the specified rendition style of the information that obtains.Determine specified rendition style where applicable when the rendition style determining section, the rendition style determining section is defined as specified rendition style will be given to the rendition style of detected at least two notes.

Promptly, when giving to wanting adjoining land or the rendition style of at least two notes of the ground sounding that overlaps each other when designated, on the basis that the pitch difference between detected at least two notes of the rendition style of appointment pairing pitch difference limited field and test section is compared, carrying out applicability determines, so that determine whether to use the rendition style of appointment, and determine that according to applicability the result determines the rendition style that will give.Thereby the present invention can avoid with respect to because musical instrument ad hoc structure or rendition style feature and in fact impossible pitch difference is undesirably used rendition style, and the present invention can avoid factitious performance thus.As a result, the present invention allows to approach the performance more true to nature of nature instrument playing.

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of improved rendition style to determine equipment, this rendition style determines that equipment comprises: part is provided, and this provides part that the performance event information is provided; Part is set, and this is provided with part and with given rendition style the range limited field is set accordingly; Obtain part, this acquisition part obtains to be used to specify the information of the rendition style that will be given to tone; Test section, this test section are according to the performance event information that provides part to provide, and detection will be endowed by the tone of the rendition style of the information appointment that obtains the part acquisition and the pitch of this tone; And rendition style determining section, this rendition style determining section is to set and the specified corresponding range limited field of rendition style of information that obtains, on the basis that compares with the pitch of the detected tone in test section, determine the applicability of specified rendition style.Determine specified rendition style where applicable when the rendition style determining section, the rendition style determining section is defined as specified rendition style will be given to the rendition style of detected tone.Because according to the range that will be endowed the tone of specifying rendition style, automatically determine whether to use specified rendition style, so the present invention can avoid using rendition style with respect to the tone with predetermined range pitch in addition, thereby the present invention can avoid using and in fact be difficult to the rendition style carried out, and can avoid the performance do not expressed naturally musically.As a result, the present invention allows to approach the performance more true to nature of nature instrument playing.

The present invention not only can be configured and be embodied as aforesaid invention for apparatus, and can be configured and be embodied as the method invention.In addition, the present invention can be configured and be embodied as the software program of a kind of confession such as computing machine or digital signal processor (DSP) execution, and a kind of storage medium that is used to store this software program.

Below embodiment of the present invention will be described, but should be appreciated that, the invention is not restricted to described embodiment, under the situation that does not deviate from ultimate principle of the present invention, all be possible to various changes of the present invention.Therefore, scope of the present invention should only be determined by claims.

Description of drawings

For understanding purpose of the present invention and other feature better, below with reference to accompanying drawing the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in more detail, wherein:

Figure 1 shows that use determines the typical hardware configuration example block diagram of the electronic musical instrument of equipment according to the rendition style of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 A is the concept map explanation of such performance data group example, and Fig. 2 B is the concept map explanation of Wave data group example;

Fig. 3 is that the automatic rendition style in the first embodiment of the invention determines that function and final rendition style determine the functional block diagram explanation of function;

Figure 4 shows that the concept map of the pitch difference restrictive condition example among first embodiment;

Figure 5 shows that the definite exemplary operations sequential flowchart of handling of the rendition style of carrying out among first embodiment;

Fig. 6 A to 6C is the concept map of every kind of tone waveform producing according to the rendition style of determining according to the pitch difference between current note and adjacent in front the note;

Fig. 7 is that the automatic rendition style in the second embodiment of the invention determines that function and final rendition style determine the functional block diagram explanation of function;

Figure 8 shows that the concept map of some example of range restrictive condition;

Figure 9 shows that the definite exemplary operations sequential flowchart of handling of the rendition style of carrying out among second embodiment;

Figure 10 shows that head is relevant, joint is relevant and the definite exemplary operations sequential flowchart of handling each processing of range restriction of the relevant rendition style of afterbody; And

Whether Figure 11 A to 11C is being scheduled to the concept map of range limited field with the interior every kind of tone waveform that produces according to the pitch of the tone that will be endowed rendition style.

Embodiment

Figure 1 shows that use determines the typical hardware configuration example block diagram of the electronic musical instrument of equipment according to the rendition style of first embodiment of the invention.Electronic musical instrument shown here is equipped with playing function, as the such performance data that is used for the operation of playing operation subelement 5 being provided in real time, come the electronics real estate to give birth to the manual playing function of tone, and be used for according to pre-prepd and carry out such performance data that order provides in real time, produce the automatic playing function of tone continuously according to performance according to the operation response person.This electronic musical instrument also is equipped with following function: be used for above-mentioned any playing function the term of execution carry out to play, simultaneously by the rendition style assigned switch the function of giving according to the rendition style of player's rendition style assigned operation appointment to this performance; And automatic rendition style determines function, is used for determining the rendition style as music expression that will give again according to the feature of the such performance data that is provided, and the result who determines according to automatic rendition style specifies the rendition style that will give then.This electronic musical instrument further is equipped with final rendition style to determine function, be used for according to the player the rendition style assigned operation, finally determine the rendition style that will give by the rendition style assigned switch, perhaps according to the application of the rendition style of determining the function appointment by above-mentioned automatic rendition style suitably (i.e. " applicability ") finally determine the rendition style that will give.

Electronic musical instrument shown in Figure 1 utilizes computing machine to implement, wherein various processing, as be used to realize above-mentioned playing function " play and handle " (not shown), be used to realize that above-mentioned automatic rendition style determines " automatic rendition style is determined to handle " (not shown) and " rendition style is determined to handle " (Fig. 5 that will be described later) of function, carry out corresponding preset program (software) by this computing machine and carry out.Certainly, can pass through performed microprogram of digital signal processor (DSP) rather than this computer software, carry out above-mentioned various processing.As selection, can carry out these processing by special hardware rather than the program that includes discrete circuit or integrated circuit or large scale integrated circuit.

In the electronic musical instrument of Fig. 1, under the control of the microcomputer that comprises microprocessor (CPU) 1, ROM (read-only memory) (ROM) 2 and random access memory (RAM) 3, carry out various operations.CPU1 controls the behavior of whole electronic musical instrument.ROM 2, RAM 3, external memory 4, performance operation subelement 5, panel operation subelement 6, display 7, tone generator 8 and interface 9,1D is connected to CPU 1 by communication bus (for example data and address bus).Be used for the timer 1A of various time countings also is connected to CPU 1, for example so that the interrupt timing of notice timer Interrupt Process.That is, timer 1A produces the beat time clock, so that time interval counter or setting are scheduled to the performance beat that the movement data are come the automatic playing movement so as to basis.For example, the frequency that switch is regulated the beat time clock can be set by the beat of panel operation subelement 6.This beat time clock that timer 1A is produced is given CPU 1 as handling time-of-the-day order or interrupt instruction.CPU1 carries out various processing according to this instruction.CPU 1 carries out above-mentioned various processing according to this instruction.Though the embodiment of electronic musical instrument can comprise other hardware except that above-mentioned, the situation of only using minimum essential resource will be described.

The various programs that storage will be carried out by CPU 1 among the ROM 2, and as the various data of waveform memory stores, for example have only that various musical instruments just have or be the pairing Wave data of the peculiar rendition style of various musical instruments (for example, with in the back with reference to the rendition style module of figure 2B description).RAM 3 usefulness act on the working storage of the various data that interim storage produces when CPU 1 carries out preset program, and with acting on the program of storing current execution and the memory of data relevant with the program of current execution.The presumptive address district of RAM 3 is assigned to various functions, and as various registers, sign, table, storer etc.External memory 4 is provided for store various kinds of data, as the such performance data and the pairing Wave data of rendition style that will be used for automatic playing, and various control program, as " rendition style is determined to handle " (see figure 5).Under special control program is not pre-stored in situation among the ROM 2, can be pre-stored in control program in the external memory (for example hard disk unit) 4, thereby, allow CPU 1 to operate in the identical mode of situation that is stored among the ROM 2 with special control program by control program is read in the RAM 3 from external memory 4.This arrangement greatly facilitates the edition upgrading of control program, the interpolation of new control program etc.External memory 4 can use any movable-type external recording medium except that hard disk (HD), as floppy disk (FD), CD (read-only optical disc or stored CD) at random, magneto-optic disk (MO) and digital universal disc (DVD).As selection, external memory 4 can be a semiconductor memory etc.

Play operation subelement 5 and for example adopt the keyboard form, this keyboard comprise a plurality of can operate in case the key of the pitch of the tone of selecting to produce and with the corresponding bond switching of key.This performance operation subelement 5 not only can be used for manually playing manually playing in real time of operation based on the player, and can be with acting on one group of input media of wanting the such performance data of automatic playing selecting expectation in the many groups such performance data that prestores.Obviously, performance operation subelement 5 can be the type except that keyboard type, as the top type that is provided with the similar neck (neck-like) of pitch selection string (string).Panel operation subelement 6 comprises various operation, as: the such performance data selector switch is used for one group of such performance data of wanting automatic playing in many group such performance datas selection expectations; Determine the condition entry switch, be used to import and be used for automatically determining that the expectation rendition style of rendition style settles the standard or condition; The rendition style assigned switch is used for the expectation rendition style that direct appointment will be given; And pitch difference restriction input switch, be used to import the pitch difference restriction (seeing the Fig. 4 that will be explained below) that will be used for determining the rendition style applicability.Certainly, panel operation subelement 6 can comprise other operation son, as: the numeric keypad that is used for importing the numeric data that will be used to select, be provided with and control the pitch that will use in performance, tone color, audio etc.; The keyboard that is used for input text or character data; And be used for operating desired locations on the arbitrary screen of each screen that pointer comes to show on the designated display 7.For example, display 7 comprises LCD (LCD), cathode ray tube (CRT) etc., the operation of its response respective switch or operation son, such as the various information of such performance data and Wave data and the state of a control of CPU 1, visually show various screens.

Can produce the tone generator 8 that produces tone signal in the passage simultaneously at a plurality of tones the such performance data that provides by communication bus 1D is provided, and come composite tone and produce tone signal according to the such performance data of being received.Promptly, when with such performance data in the corresponding Wave data of rendition style appointed information (rendition style allocate event) that comprises when from ROM 2 or external memory 4, being read out, the Wave data of reading is transmitted to tone generator 8 by bus 1D, and is cushioned in case of necessity.Then, tone generator 8 is with the waveform of predetermined output sampling frequency rate output buffering.The predetermined number that the tone signal that tone generator 8 is produced is subjected to being carried out by the effect circuit (for example DSP) that does not show is handled, and the tone signal that has experienced this digital processing then is provided for sound system 8A, so that can reappear or sounding with listening.

The interface 9 that for example is musical instrument digital interface (MIDI) or communication interface is provided for the various information of transmission between electronic musical instrument and outside such performance data generation equipment (not shown).Midi interface is used for that the midi standard such performance data is produced equipment (being another MIDI equipment etc. in this case) from outside such performance data and is input to electronic musical instrument, perhaps the midi standard such performance data is outputed to another MIDI equipment etc. from electronic musical instrument.Another MIDI equipment can be any desired type (or action type), as keyboard type, guitar type, wind instrument type, percussion instrument type or gesture-type, as long as the operation that it can the response apparatus user produces the data of midi format.Communication interface is connected to wired or wireless communication network (not shown), and as Local Area Network, the Internet or telephone line network, communication interface is connected to outside such performance data by this communication network and produces equipment (being server computer etc. in this case).Thereby communication interface is used for the various information such as control program and such performance data are input to electronic musical instrument from server computer.That is, under specific information was not stored in situation in ROM 2, the external memory 4 etc., communication interface was used for downloading specific information such as special control program or such performance data from server computer.In this case, by communication interface and communication network, send the specific information of command request downloaded such as special control program or such performance data as the electronic musical instrument of " client ".Response is from client's order, and server computer sends institute's information requested to electronic musical instrument by communication network.Electronic musical instrument receives specific information by communication interface, and cumulatively the specific information of being received is stored in the external memory 4.Like this, having finished required specific information downloads.

Note, at interface 9 is under the situation of midi interface, it can be the general-purpose interface that is different from special-purpose midi interface, as RS232-C, USB (universal serial bus) (USB) or IEEE1394, can transmit other data except that the midi event data in this case simultaneously.As under the situation of midi interface, another MIDI equipment that links to each other with electronic musical instrument can be designed to transmit other data except that the midi event data at aforesaid this general-purpose interface.Certainly, the music information of handling among the present invention can be other any data layout except that midi format, constructs midi interface and another MIDI equipment according to employed data layout in this case.

Now, will such performance data and the Wave data of storing in ROM 2 and the external memory 4 be described with reference to figure 2A and 2B.Fig. 2 A is the concept map explanation of one group of example such performance data.

Shown in Fig. 2 A, each such performance data group all comprises all tones of for example representing in the movement and is stored as the midi format file such as the data of standard MIDI file (SMF).The such performance data group comprises the combination of timing data and event data.Each event data all is the data that belong to the performance incident, and the note that produces tone is opened incident, order weakens or the note of choke suppress tone closes incident or rendition style allocate event as ordering.Each event data all with the timing data use that combines.In this embodiment, each timing data is all indicated two time intervals between the event data (being the duration data) in succession; Yet timing data can have any desired form, as the form of the data of using relative time that indication lights when special or absolute time.Notice that according to conventional SMF, the time is not to represent with second or other similar chronomere, but with as representing by the ticktock (tick) that crotchet is divided into the unit that 480 moieties obtain.That is, the such performance data of handling among this embodiment can have any desired form, and as " incident adds absolute time " form, wherein each time of origin of playing incident all use the interior absolute time of movement or its to measure to represent; " incident adds relative time " form, wherein each time of origin of playing incident is all used from the duration of adjacent incident in front and is represented; " pitch (rest) adds note length " form, wherein each such performance data all uses pitch and note length or rest and rest length to represent; Or " solid-state (solid) " form, wherein each minimum resolution reserved storage area for playing, and each performance incident all is stored in to be played in one of Time To Event corresponding storage.In addition, certainly arrange the such performance data group in such a way, so that event data is separated storage based on track one by one, rather than is stored in the single file that mixes a plurality of audio track data of storage by the order that event data will be exported, and is irrelevant with the track that data are assigned with.Notice that the such performance data group can comprise other data except that event data and timing data, as tone generator control data (for example be used to control volume etc. data).

This section and following paragraph are described the waveform processing of handling among this embodiment.Fig. 2 B is the schematic view illustrating of Wave data example.Notice that Fig. 2 B has shown the Wave data example of the tone generator that is applicable to the tone Waveform Control technology of using a kind of being called as " sound articulation element simulation (articulation element modeling:AEM) " technology; The AEM technology is used to be implemented as the peculiar various rendition styles of various natural musical instruments or expresses the reproduction true to nature of the rendition style that changes based on the tone color of sound articulation strictly according to the facts and reappear control.For this reason, the part that the AEM technology is stored each monotone in advance as initiate part, discharge (or end) partly, various rendition styles (hereinafter referred to as " rendition style module ") the pairing whole waveform of main part in grading, and form continuous tone by making up some rendition style module that prestores in time continuously.

In ROM 2, external memory 4 etc., store the multiple original rendition style Wave data group and the sets of relational data that are used to reappear for the pairing waveform of the peculiar various rendition styles of various musical instruments, as " rendition style module ".Notice that each rendition style module all is the rendition style waveform unit that can be treated to the single data block in the rendition style waveform synthesis system; In other words, each rendition style module all is the rendition style waveform unit that can be treated to single incident.Each rendition style module all comprises the combination of rendition style Wave data and rendition style parameter.Shown in Fig. 2 B, according to the rendition style type feature of playing tone, the rendition style Wave data group of various rendition style modules comprises: with the part of playing tone such as rendition style module that head (head), main body (body) and afterbody (tail) consistently define (head is relevant, main body is relevant be correlated with afterbody rendition style module); And with the shank between the tone in succession as the legato rendition style module (the relevant rendition style module of joint) of definition consistently.

Can be several main types with this rendition style module classification according to the rendition style feature, by the section of time or the part of playing etc.For example, below be 7 kinds of main type rendition style modules of classifying like this among this embodiment:

1) " normal header " (being abbreviated as NH): this is head relevant (or header type) rendition style module of a kind of representative (therefore being applicable to) from the tone rising part (i.e. " initiation " part) of silent state;

2) " joint head " (being abbreviated as JH): this is that a kind of representative (therefore being applicable to) realizes and the normal relevant rendition style module of head of initiating the tone rising part of different Special Category fortune tongue rendition styles (tonguing rendition style);

3) " normal main body " (being abbreviated as NB): this is relevant (or type of subject) rendition style module of main body of the tone main part between a kind of representative (therefore being applicable to) tone rising and the sloping portion;

4) " normal afterbody " (being abbreviated as NT): this afterbody that is a kind of representative (therefore being applicable to) drops to the tone sloping portion (i.e. " release " part) of silent state (or afterbody type) rendition style module of being correlated with;

5) " normal joint " (being abbreviated as NJ): this is that a kind of representative (therefore being applicable to) makes two relevant (or joint categories) rendition style modules of joint of the shank of tone interconnection in succession with the legato (line) that does not get involved silent state;

6) " glide (Gliss) joint " (being abbreviated as GJ): this is that a kind of representative (therefore being applicable to) uses the glissando of not getting involved silent state to make the relevant rendition style module of joint of the shank of two tones interconnection; And

7) " trill joint " (being abbreviated as SJ): this is that a kind of representative (therefore being applicable to) uses the shape that does not get involved silent state to make the relevant rendition style module of joint of the shank of two tones interconnection.

At this, should be appreciated that, be that above 7 kinds of rendition style module types are illustrative with the rendition style module classification, certainly carry out the rendition style module classification with other any suitable manner; For example, can be more than 7 types with the rendition style module classification.Further, much less, can be with respect to every kind of original pitch source, as player, instrument type or playing style, the rendition style module of classifying.

Further, in this embodiment, the pairing every group of rendition style Wave data of rendition style module is stored in the database, as the data set of a plurality of waveform elements or element, rather than is stored as just original input; Each all will be called as vector below the waveform component.As an example, each rendition style module all comprises following vector.Note, be divided into waveform segment and have the residual waveform section of non-pitch harmony component (non-harmony component) by the original rendition style waveform that will be considered, define " harmony " and " non-harmony " component with pitch harmony component (harmony component) at this.

1) waveform shape of harmony component (timbre) vector: this vector only represent from the various waveform components of harmony component, extract and on pitch and amplitude by the waveform shape feature of normalization.

2) amplitude vector of harmony component: the amplitude envelope feature that this vector representative is extracted from the waveform component of harmony component.

3) the pitch vector of harmony component: the pitch feature that this vector representative is extracted from the waveform component of harmony component; For example, its representative with respect to given with reference to pitch by time pitch fluctuating feature.

4) waveform shape of non-harmony component (timbre) vector: this vector only represent from the waveform component of non-harmony component, extract and on amplitude by the waveform shape of normalization (waveform shape of similar noise) feature.

5) amplitude vector of non-harmony component: the amplitude envelope feature that this vector representative is extracted from the waveform component of non-harmony component.

The rendition style Wave data of rendition style module can comprise the vector of one or more other types, as the time vector of indication waveform time shaft progress, though do not specifically describe at this.

For synthetic rendition style waveform, by these vector datas being implemented suitably to handle according to control data, and vector data or the such vector data of handling of arranging processing like this on time shaft are distributed to time shaft, are scheduled to the waveform building-up process according to the vector data execution of distributing to time shaft then, next pairing waveform of various components or envelope of constructing the rendition style waveform along the reproduction time shaft of playing tone.For example, in order to produce the performance tone waveform of expectation, the expectation rendition style waveform of promptly showing predetermined final rendition style feature, by the pairing amplitude of amplitude vector of the pairing pitch of pitch vector of harmony component and temporal change characteristic and harmony component and temporal change characteristic thereof, give the waveform shape of harmony component, produce the waveform segment of harmony component, and by the waveform shape of the pairing amplitude of the amplitude vector of non-harmony component and temporal change characteristic thereof being given non-harmony component, the waveform segment that produces non-harmony component.Then, can produce the performance tone waveform of expectation by with the synthetic harmony that produces like this of addition and the waveform segment of non-harmony component.

Each rendition style module all comprises the rendition style Wave data that comprises shown in Fig. 2 B and the data of rendition style parameter.The rendition style parameter is the parameter of time of being used to control the waveform of rendition style module representative, level etc.The rendition style parameter can comprise one or more parameters of the character that depends on the rendition style module of being considered.For example, " normal header " or " joint head " rendition style module can comprise different types of rendition style parameter, as be right after tone and produce perfect pitch and volume after the beginning, " normal main body " rendition style module can comprise different types of rendition style parameter, dynamic when beginning and finishing as start and end time of the perfect pitch of module, normal main body and normal main body.These " rendition style parameters " can be pre-stored in ROM 2 grades, perhaps can import by user's input operation.In case of necessity, can operate by the user and revise existing rendition style parameter.Further, when reappearing the rendition style waveform, do not have under the situation of given rendition style parameter, can automatically give preassigned rendition style parameter.In addition, can during handle, automatically produce or give suitable parameters.

Electronic musical instrument shown in Figure 1 has playing function, is used for the such performance data that the operation of playing operation subelement 5 provided according to the response player or according to pre-prepd such performance data, produces tone.This playing function the term of execution, electronic musical instrument can be carried out automatic rendition style and determine function, so that determine the rendition style that to give again, then according to determining that result specify the rendition style that will give as music expression according to the feature of the such performance data that is provided.Then, electronic musical instrument can be according to player's rendition style assigned operation, finally determine the rendition style that will give by the rendition style assigned switch, perhaps according to determining that by above-mentioned automatic rendition style " applicability " of the rendition style of function appointment finally determine the rendition style that will give.To be described with reference to Figure 3 this automatic rendition style and determine that function and final rendition style determine function.

Fig. 3 determines that about the automatic rendition style of first embodiment of the invention function and final rendition style determine the functional block diagram explanation of function, and wherein the arrow designation data flows.

In Fig. 3, determine that condition specified portions J1 response determines that the operation of condition entry switch comes to show " determining the condition entry screen " (not shown) on display 7, and receive the user that will be used to specify the rendition style that to give and determine condition entry.In case the startup of playing function is ordered, just respond the operation of player to operation subelement 5, order provides the performance event information in real time, perhaps carries out order and sequentially provides the performance event information from the such performance data of appointment according to predetermined the performance.The such performance data that is provided comprises the performance event information at least, opens with note as note and closes event information.(not shown) that automatic rendition style determining section J2 carries out well-known " automatic rendition style is determined to handle " is to determine to give the rendition style of the performance event information that is provided automatically.That is, automatic rendition style determining section J2 determines whether and will will be scheduled to rendition style is given does not again have designated rendition style in the performance event information predetermined note according to determining the given fixed condition really of condition specified portions J1.In first embodiment, automatic rendition style determining section J2 determine whether rendition style to be given want adjoining land promptly one by one two of sounding overlap note (more particularly, give a pair of like this note, wherein before the note of first tone closes signal, the note of second tone opens signal and is transfused to).Then, when automatic rendition style determining section J2 determines to give rendition style again, give to after playing event information at the rendition style allocate event (" appointment rendition style " among the figure) of the rendition style that will give representative, automatic rendition style determining section J2 will play event information and send to rendition style determining section J4." automatic rendition style is given and determined to handle " itself is well-known, will not be described in detail at this.

The operation of pitch poor (interval) restrictive condition specified portions J3 response pitch restrictive condition input switch comes to show " pitch difference condition entry screen " (not shown) etc. on display 7, and receives the pitch difference input as the music conditioned disjunction standard of the applicability that will be used for determining specifying rendition style.The appointment rendition style that its applicability is determined be the response player to the operation of rendition style assigned switch and the rendition style of appointment, or response automatic rendition style determining section J2 carries out " automatic rendition style is determined to handle " and the rendition style of appointment.Final rendition style determining section J4 according to provided comprising the performance event information of specifying rendition style is arranged, carry out " rendition style is determined to handle " (seeing the Fig. 5 that will be described later), so that finally determine the rendition style that will give.In this embodiment, rendition style determining section J4 determines the current applicability of the appointment rendition style of the object of two notes of overlapping of sounding in succession that is set to give according to the pitch difference restrictive condition from pitch difference condition specified portions J3.If the pitch difference at predetermined pitch difference condition and range with interior (promptly specify rendition style be suitable for), then determine the rendition style of appointment is given same as before, if and pitch difference (promptly specify rendition style inapplicable) beyond predetermined pitch difference condition and range then redefines another rendition style not using under the situation of specifying rendition style.Then, rendition style determining section J4 gives to after playing event information at the rendition style allocate event (" appointment rendition style " among the figure) of the rendition style that will give representative, will play event information and send to tone composite part J6.At that time, all except that this appointment rendition style of the object of two notes of overlapping that are set to be given to sounding that will be in succession specify rendition styles all to be sent to tone composite part J6 same as before.

According to the rendition style of receiving from rendition style determining section J4, tone composite part J6 reads the Wave data that is used to realize determined rendition style from rendition style waveform storage area (wave memorizer) J5, thus the synthetic like this tone of composite tone and output.Promptly, tone composite part J6 synthesizes the tone (or tone of continuous note) of complete note by according to determined rendition style relevant (or header type) rendition style module of head, relevant (or type of subject) rendition style module relevant with afterbody (or afterbody type) of main body or relevant (joint categories) rendition style module combinations of joint being got up.Thereby, be to have rendition style to enable under the tone generator of function, the situation at tone generator 8 as the AEM tone generator, might be by determined rendition style be passed to tone generator 8, realize that the high-quality rendition style represents.If tone generator 8 is not have this rendition style to enable the tone generator of function, certainly pass to tone generator, realize that rendition style represents by the tone generator control information of suitably between waveform, switching or will specify suitable envelope shape and other shape etc.

Next, pitch difference restrictive condition will be described.Fig. 4 A and 4B are depicted as the concept map of pitch difference restrictive condition example.Shown in Fig. 4 A, for corresponding appointment rendition style, each pitch difference restrictive condition all is defined as the pitch between two notes poor (interval) and allows to specify the condition that rendition style is effective or applicable or allow the appointment rendition style to use.According to shown in condition, allow pitch difference between two notes that " glide (gliss) joint " rendition style uses should fall in the pitch difference limited field of the pitch difference limited field of "+1000 to+1200 " cent or " 1000 to-1200 " cent, and allow that the pitch difference should be at the pitch difference limited field of " 100 to-300 " cent between two notes that " trill joint " rendition style uses.If specify rendition style to drop on outside the corresponding pitch difference limited field, then will be employed for the default arbitrary acquiescence rendition style of the application outside the pitch difference limited field., shown in Fig. 4 B,, be preset with at this as the acquiescence rendition style: " normal joint " rendition style, " normal joint " rendition style is a kind of legato rendition style, is used to express the wherein performance of the smoothed interconnection of note of two different pitches; And " joint head " rendition style, " joint head " rendition style is a kind of " fortune tongue " rendition style, be used to express resemble between two notes, have very slight interruption get involved the performance of sounding.And for these acquiescence rendition styles each, the pitch poor (interval) between two notes is defined as allowing to specify rendition style condition applicatory.Notice that if desired, the user can be provided with and revise pitch difference restrictive condition.Further, can be with respect to each player, every kind of instrument type, every kind of playing style etc., the pitch difference restrictive condition of every kind of rendition style is set to different values.

Now, will be described with reference to Figure 5 " rendition style is determined to handle ".Figure 5 shows that the exemplary operations sequential flowchart of " rendition style is determined to handle " that CPU 1 in Fig. 1 electronic musical instrument is performed.At first, at step S1, determine whether the current performance event information that provides indicates note to open incident.Do not indicate note to open incident (step S1 fixed structure really is not) if play event information, then finish rendition style and determine to handle.On the other hand, open incident (step S1 be defined as be) if play event information indication note, then step S2 further determine the current note (hereinafter referred to as " current note ") of wanting sounding or unlatching whether be will be in time with respect to the adjacent note that has been unlocked in front but has turned off the not yet note of sounding overlappingly.If current note be not will be in time with respect to the adjacent note in front note of sounding overlappingly, if promptly before adjacent (promptly first) in front note is turned off, current note (i.e. second note) also be not unlocked (promptly also do not provide note and open event signal) (step S2 is defined as not), then " head be correlated with rendition style " is defined as giving the rendition style (step S3) of current rendition style, and obtain the pitch of current note, and it is stored in the storer.At that time, if specify the rendition style allocate event of the relevant rendition style of head designated, then the relevant rendition style of the head of appointment is set to be given to the rendition style of current note.On the other hand, if it is designated to specify the rendition style allocate event of the relevant rendition style of head also not have, then the normal header rendition style is set to be given to the relevant rendition style of head of current note.

If determine that at above step S2 current note and adjacent in front note are partly overlapping, if promptly the note of before adjacent (promptly first) note is in front turned off, having imported current note (i.e. second note) is opened event signal (step S2 be defined as be), then further determine whether to have produced the relevant rendition style allocate event of any joint at step S4.If answer is yes for step S4 (be defined as be), then handle forwarding step S5 to, further determine according to pitch difference restrictive condition that at step S5 pitch difference between current note and adjacent in front the note is whether in the pitch difference limited field of appointment rendition style.Step S5 determine it is under sure (being) situation, it is applicatory determine specifying rendition style at step S6, and it finally is defined as the rendition style that will be endowed.If also do not produce the relevant rendition style allocate event of joint (step S4 is defined as not), if the pitch difference between perhaps current note and adjacent in front the note not at the pitch difference limited field of specifying rendition style with interior (step S5 is defined as not), then determine further that at step S7 this pitch difference is whether in the pitch difference limited field of default acquiescence legato rendition style.Step S7 determine it is under the sure situation, will give tacit consent to the legato rendition style at step S8 and be defined as the rendition style that will give.On the other hand, if the pitch difference is not given tacit consent to the pitch difference limited field of legato rendition style with interior (step S7 is defined as not) default, determine that then acquiescence legato rendition style is inapplicable, thereby will transport head that the tongue rendition style is defined as the giving rendition style (step S9) of being correlated with.

Now, will describe according to the performed rendition style of above-mentioned " rendition style determine handle " (see figure 5) with reference to figure 6A to 6C and determine and the final waveform that produces.Fig. 6 A to 6C is depicted as the concept map according to the every kind of tone waveform that produces according to the definite rendition style of pitch poor (interval) between current note and adjacent in front the note.In the left-half of every width of cloth figure of these figure, shown the relation between the pitch difference between pitch difference limited field and two notes, and, shown the waveform of final generation with the envelope waveform form at the right half part of every width of cloth figure of these figure.The situation that trill joint (JS) is designated as the rendition style that will be endowed is below described.

If the pitch difference between current note and adjacent in front the note is in pitch difference limited field, then the trill joint rendition style of appointment is confirmed as applicablely same as before, and is outputted as the final rendition style of determining (seeing the step S6 among Fig. 5).Thereby, in this case, each all normally is represented as the adjacent note and the current note in front of the individual tone waveform that comprises normal header (NH), normal main body (NB) and the conventional combination of normal afterbody (NT), be represented as single continuous tone waveform, the normal afterbody (NT) of wherein adjacent note in front and subsequently or the normal header of current note (NH) replaced by SJ.On the other hand, if the pitch difference between current note and adjacent in front the note not in pitch difference limited field, then selects default acquiescence rendition style (being " joint head " in this case) as the relevant rendition style (seeing the step S9 among Fig. 5) of head of current note subsequently.Thereby, in this case, adjacent note in front is represented as a kind of individual tone waveform that comprises normal header (NH), normal main body (NB) and the conventional combination of normal afterbody (NT), and current subsequently note is represented as a kind of representative fortune tongue rendition style and comprise the individual tone waveform that joint head (JH), normal main body (NB) and normal afterbody (NT) make up, shown in Fig. 6 B.As a result, two in succession note be represented as the normal afterbody (NT) of adjacent note in front and the overlapped waveform of joint head (JH) of current note.Promptly, if two note is partly overlapping as in these cases in succession, then by poor according to the pitch between current note and adjacent in front the note, specifying rendition style (being " joint head " in this case) or acquiescence rendition style (being " normal joint head " in this case) to be used for the afterbody of adjacent note in front and subsequently or the head of current note, next current note and adjacent in front note are expressed as continuous tone waveform or two partly overlapping waveforms of tone.

On the other hand, at two in succession under the nonoverlapping situation of note, the relevant rendition style of another kind of head is defined as the relevant rendition style (seeing the step S3 among Fig. 5) of head of current note.In this case, shown in Fig. 6 C, depend on duration of dropping to the unlatching of current note from the pass of adjacent note in front (promptly end up from adjacent note in front to the rest length that current note begins), current note is expressed as normal header (NH), normal main body (NB) and the normally combination of afterbody (NT), or the combination of joint head (JH), normal main body (NB) and normal afterbody (NT).That is, depend on two rest length between the note in succession, the head that makes the current note after the adjacent note in front that finishes with normal afterbody is with beginnings such as normal header, joint heads.

As mentioned above, during the real-time performance or automatic playing in first embodiment, the current note and the pitch between adjacent in front the note that obtain the designated rendition style that will be endowed are poor, and the pitch difference of such acquisition and corresponding pitch difference limited field are compared, determine whether to use the rendition style of appointment thus.Then, determine the result, will specify rendition style or other suitable rendition style to be defined as the rendition style that will be endowed according to applicability.Like this, this embodiment can avoid with respect to because musical instrument ad hoc structure or rendition style feature and in fact impossible pitch difference is undesirably used rendition style, thereby this embodiment can do not change the nuance of specifying rendition style under the situation, avoid factitious performance by the application standard rendition style.As a result, this embodiment allows to play with the fidelity that increases.Further, because " rendition style is determined to handle " is arranged to and is used to specify rendition style individual processing separately such as " automatic rendition style are determined to handle ", so " rendition style is determined to handle " also can quite easily advantageously be applied to well-known equipment.

More than first embodiment is described as being designed to, specify and specify for the rendition style that the player carries out by the rendition style assigned switch, all according to determine next definite rendition style that will be endowed based on the applicability of pitch difference restrictive condition based on the automatic rendition style of the such performance data feature of being undertaken by performance providing in proper order and in proper order.Yet, the invention is not restricted to this, but can only specify player's rendition style and based on the automatic rendition style of such performance data specify both one of, it is definite to carry out above-mentioned applicability based on pitch difference restrictive condition.

Note, the pitch of all between note difference in succession all fall into pitch difference limited field with interior situation under, can collectively determine the rendition style that will be endowed.

Following paragraph is described the second embodiment of the present invention referring to figs. 1 to 2B and Fig. 7 to 11C.

Second embodiment uses 10 types of rendition style modules altogether, promptly above seven types and following three types of describing with respect to first embodiment:

" curved sound head " (being abbreviated as BH): this is that a kind of representative (therefore being applicable to) realizes and the normal relevant rendition style module of head of initiating the tone rising part of different special curved sound rendition style (upwards curved sound or curved sound) downwards;

" glide (Gliss) head " (being abbreviated as GH): this is that a kind of representative (therefore being applicable to) realizes and the normal relevant rendition style module of head of initiating the tone rising part of different special glissando rendition style (upwards glide or glide up and down); And

" flat head " (should be " flat afterbody ") (being abbreviated as FT): this is the relevant rendition style module of afterbody of the tone sloping portion of a kind of representative (therefore being applicable to) realization special flat rendition style different with normal afterbody.

Note, " upwards curved sound " rendition style parameter can comprise perfect pitch when rendition style finishes, initially curved sound depth value, begin to the duration that finishes, be right after the volume of sounding after beginning etc. from sounding.

Fig. 7 is that the automatic rendition style of second embodiment of the invention kind determines that function and final rendition style determine the functional block diagram explanation of function.Represent with identical Reference numeral with parts the same among Fig. 3, and will not be described to avoid unnecessary repetition at this.

With the same among first embodiment of Fig. 3, automatic rendition style determining section J21 is according to determining the given fixed condition really of condition specified portions J1, automatically determines whether rendition style to be given again to the note of designated rendition style not also.Yet, in a second embodiment, do not carry out as above with respect to determining specially that first embodiment describes.

The operation of range restrictive condition specified portions J31 response range restrictive condition input switch, come on display 7, to show " range restrictive condition entr screen " (not shown) etc., and receive as being used for definite range restriction input of specifying the condition of rendition style applicability.Rendition style determining section J41 carries out " rendition style is determined to handle " according to the range restrictive condition (seeing the Fig. 9 that will be explained below) of specifying or be provided with, and is comprised the performance event information of specifying rendition style, the final definite rendition style that will give according to what provide.In this embodiment, rendition style determining section J41 determines the applicability as the appointment rendition style of the object that will be given to according to the range restrictive condition from range restrictive condition specified portions J31.If the pitch that is endowed the tone of specifying rendition style at predetermined range limited field with interior (i.e. the rendition style of appointment is applicable), then specify rendition style to be confirmed as the rendition style that to give same as before, if and tone pitch is beyond predetermined range limited field (i.e. the rendition style of appointment is inapplicable), then is different from the default acquiescence rendition style of specifying rendition style and is confirmed as the rendition style that will be endowed.Then, rendition style determining section J41 will play event information and send to tone composite part J6 after the rendition style allocate event of the rendition style that will be endowed representative is given the performance event information.At that time, any appointment rendition style except that specifying rendition style, that preset the range limited field can be sent to tone composite part J6 same as before.Being performed each definite appointment rendition style of applicability all is the rendition style that the player passes through the appointment of rendition style assigned switch, or passes through automatic rendition style determining section J21 execution " automatic rendition style is determined processing " and the rendition style of appointment.

At this, " range restrictive condition " is described.Figure 8 shows that the concept map of some example of the pairing range restrictive condition of multiple appointment rendition style.For corresponding appointment rendition style, every kind of range restrictive condition all is defined as the condition that allows to specify the rendition style application to the range that will be endowed the tone of specifying rendition style.In example shown in Figure 8, the range that allows every kind of rendition style of " curved sound head ", " glide head " and " flat afterbody " rendition style to use limits and is, the pitch of tone that be endowed rendition style at " actual range " with high 200 cents of the high note of double bass in interior and the actual range of double bass height ratio.The range that allows every kind of rendition style of " glide joint " and " trill joint " rendition style to use limits and is, the pitch of tone that be endowed rendition style is all in " actual range ".For example, in the time will giving (making progress) curved sound head rendition style, the pitch when rendition style finishes is given aforesaid (make progress) as the rendition style parameter and bends sound head rendition style module; (making progress) curved sound head rendition style is that a kind of pitch that is used to make pitch rise to the target pitch improves rendition style.Thereby, this embodiment is arranged to, by the range restriction is set, so that the pitch that will be endowed the tone of rendition style is limited in " actual range ", prevent beyond the actual range to actual range with interior upwards curved sound, and this embodiment is arranged to minimum pitch and is set to than high 200 cents of the high note of double bass.If beyond corresponding range limited field, then being predetermined to be the acquiescence rendition style of " rendition style that will use " beyond effective range, any appointment rendition style replaces specifying rendition style and being employed.In Fig. 8, specify rendition style for each, in predefine " normal header ", " normal afterbody " and " joint head " rendition style any, as this acquiescence rendition style.Obviously, can be with respect to each player, every kind of instrument type and manufacturer, every kind of tone color will using, every kind of playing style etc., the range restrictive condition of above-mentioned every kind of rendition style is set to different values.If desired, the user can be provided with and revise the range restrictive condition.That is, not only comprise the peculiar range of employed every kind of musical instrument, and comprise the expectation range (as the left hand key range of keyboard) that can be provided with by the user as the term " actual range " that uses in this embodiment context.

Next, below with reference to Fig. 9 and 10 " rendition style is determined to handle " described.Figure 9 shows that the exemplary operations sequential flowchart of " rendition style is determined to handle " that CPU 1 among electronic musical instrument second embodiment is performed.At first, be similar to the step S1 of Fig. 5,, determine whether the current performance event information that provides indicates note to open incident at step S11.Open incident if play event information indication note, then step S12 further determine the current note that will open (hereinafter referred to as " current note ") whether be will be in time with respect to adjacent in front, be unlocked but the note turned off the not yet note of sounding overlappingly, be similar to the step S2 of Fig. 5.If current note be not will be in time with respect to the adjacent note in front note of sounding overlappingly, if promptly before adjacent (or first) note is in front turned off, current note (or second note) also be not unlocked (promptly also do not provide note and open event signal) (step S12 be defined as not), then carry out " the relevant range restriction of head is determined to handle ", so that be defined as to give rendition style to current note with the relevant rendition style of head at step S13.On the other hand, if current note be will be in time with respect to the adjacent note in front note of sounding overlappingly, if promptly before adjacent note is in front turned off, current note be unlocked (promptly provided note and opened event signal) (step S12 be defined as be), then carry out " the relevant range restriction of joint is determined to handle ", so that be defined as to give rendition style to current note with the relevant rendition style of joint at step S14.(step S11 is defined as not if the performance event information that is provided indication note closes incident, and later step S15 be defined as be), then carry out " the relevant range restriction of afterbody is determined to handle ", so that be defined as to give rendition style to current note with the relevant rendition style of afterbody at step S16.

Next,, joint relevant at step S13, S14 respectively relevant relevant with afterbody " the range restriction is determined to handle " with the head that S16 carries out with being described with reference to Figure 10.Figure 10 shows that head is relevant, the exemplary operations sequential flowchart of each processing of joint relevant relevant with afterbody " the range restriction is determined to handle "; Show and explanation that for simplifying Figure 10 is the definite common representative flow diagram of handling of range restriction.At step S21, determined whether to produce the rendition style allocate event of any rendition style type (being head, joint and afterbody type).If answer is yes for step S21 (be defined as be), then handle and forward step S22 to, further determine according to the range restrictive condition that at step S22 current pitch (with adjacent tone in front) is whether in the range limited field of appointment rendition style.More particularly, range restricted version according to Fig. 8, for head the relevant or relevant rendition style of afterbody, determine current note pitch whether in actual range, perhaps for the relevant rendition style of joint, determine that current note and adjacent in front the pitch of note are whether all in actual range.If with interior (step S22 be defined as be), it is applicable then will to specify rendition style to be defined as at step S23 at the range limited field of specifying rendition style for the tone of being discussed, and it is defined as the rendition style that will give.On the other hand, if do not produce the rendition style allocate event (step S21 is defined as not) of above-mentioned rendition style type, if perhaps current pitch (with adjacent tone in front) not at the range limited field of specifying rendition style with interior (step S22 is defined as not), then will give tacit consent to rendition style and be defined as the rendition style that will give at step S24.As shown in Figure 8, normal header, normal afterbody and joint head are confirmed as respectively that head is relevant with respect to specifying, afterbody is correlated with and the acquiescence rendition style of the relevant rendition style of joint.

Now, will describe according to determining and the final waveform that produces with reference to figure 11A to 11C by the rendition style of above-mentioned " rendition style is determined to handle " (seeing Fig. 9 and 10) execution.Whether Figure 11 A to 11C is at the concept map of the range limited field of specifying rendition style with the interior every kind of tone waveform that produces according to the current pitch (with adjacent tone in front) that will be endowed the appointment rendition style.In the left-half of these figure, shown the tone that will be endowed rendition style, and, shown the waveform of final generation with the envelope form at the right half part of these figure.Below describe curved sound head (BH), flat afterbody (FT) and trill joint (SJ) and be designated as respectively that head is relevant, afterbody is correlated with and the situation of the relevant rendition style of joint.

To drill style designated when the head correlation table, and if the pitch that is endowed the current note of specifying rendition style is in the range limited field, then curved sound head (BH) rendition style of appointment is confirmed as applicablely same as before, and is outputted as definite rendition style.Thereby in this case, current note is represented as a kind of individual tone waveform that comprises curved sound head (BH), normal main body (NB) and normal afterbody (NT) combination, shown in Figure 11 A top.On the other hand, if the pitch that is endowed the current note of specifying rendition style is in the range limited field, then the curved sound head (BH) of appointment be confirmed as inapplicable, thereby the acquiescence rendition style is outputted as definite rendition style.Thereby in this case, current note is represented as a kind of individual tone waveform that comprises normal header (NH), normal main body (NB) and normal afterbody (NT) combination, shown in Figure 11 A bottom.

When the relevant rendition style of afterbody designated, and if the pitch that is endowed the current note of specifying rendition style is in the range limited field, then flat afterbody (FT) rendition style of appointment is confirmed as applicablely same as before, and is outputted as definite rendition style.Thereby in this case, current note is represented as a kind of individual tone waveform that comprises normal header (NH), normal main body (NB) and flat afterbody (FT), shown in Figure 11 B top.If the pitch that is endowed the current note of specifying rendition style is in the range limited field, flat afterbody (FT) rendition style of then appointment is confirmed as inapplicable, thereby the acquiescence rendition style is outputted as definite rendition style.Thereby in this case, current note is represented as a kind of individual tone waveform that comprises normal header (NH), normal main body (NB) and normal afterbody (NT) combination, shown in Figure 11 B bottom.

When the relevant rendition style of joint designated, and if be endowed the current note of specifying rendition style and adjacent in front the pitch of note all in the range limited field, then trill joint (SJ) rendition style of appointment is confirmed as applicablely same as before, and is outputted as definite rendition style.Thereby, in this case, each adjacent note and current note in front that comprises normally that all normal header (NH), normal main body (NB) and normal afterbody (NT) make up is represented as a kind of individual tone waveform, the normal afterbody of wherein adjacent note in front and subsequently or the normal header of current note replaced by trill joint (SJ) rendition style module.If current note and adjacent in front the pitch of note are not all in the range limited field, flat afterbody (FT) rendition style of then appointment is confirmed as inapplicable, thereby the acquiescence rendition style is outputted as definite rendition style.Thereby, in this case, adjacent note in front is represented as a kind of individual tone waveform that comprises normal header (NH), normal main body (NB) and the conventional combination of normal afterbody (NT), and subsequently or current note be represented as a kind of individual tone waveform that comprises that joint head (NH), normal main body (NB) and normal afterbody (NT) make up, shown in Figure 11 C bottom.That is, adjacent note and current note in front is represented as a kind of like this waveform, and the normal afterbody (NT) of wherein adjacent note in front and the joint head (NH) of current note are overlapped.

As mentioned above, during in a second embodiment the real-time performance or automatic playing, obtain the pitch (and pitch of the adjacent note in front of current note) of the current note of the designated rendition style that will give, and the pitch of such acquisition and corresponding range limited field are compared, determine whether to use the rendition style of appointment thus.Then, determine the result, will specify rendition style or other suitable rendition style to be defined as the rendition style that will be endowed according to applicability.Like this, second embodiment can avoid undesirably using same as before a kind of rendition style that uses pitch beyond the actual range, therefore can not utilize the nature musical instrument to realize, thereby second embodiment can do not change the nuance of specifying rendition style under the situation, by the application standard rendition style replace being suitable for pitch beyond the actual range rendition style, avoid factitious performance.As a result, second embodiment allows to play with the fidelity that increases.Further, because " rendition style is determined to handle " is arranged to and is used to specify rendition style individual processing separately such as " automatic rendition style are determined to handle ", so " rendition style is determined to handle " also can quite easily advantageously be applied to well-known equipment.

Also can be according to the range restriction under the relevant designated situation of rendition style of main body, carry out above-mentioned rendition style applicability and determine based on range restriction, and be not limited to that head is relevant, the appointed situation of any rendition style in the relevant relevant rendition style of afterbody with joint.

More than second embodiment is described as being designed to, specify and the automatic rendition style appointment of the such performance data feature that order provides for the rendition style that the player carries out by the rendition style assigned switch, all according to determining to come the definite rendition style that will give based on the applicability of range restriction based on carry out order by performance.Yet, the invention is not restricted to this, but can only specify player's rendition style and based on the automatic rendition style of such performance data specify both one of, it is definite to carry out above-mentioned applicability based on the range restriction.

Further, although abovely make the single of monophonic note sounding describe each embodiment with respect to the software tone generator at every turn, each embodiment also can be applicable to the multi-channel mode that the software tone generator makes a plurality of monophonic note sounding at every turn.In addition, can be decomposed into a plurality of single channel sequences to such performance data, and can determine that function handles these single channel sequences by multiple rendition style by multi-channel mode structure.In this case, if the result of the such performance data that decomposes is presented on the display 7, makes the user can find out and revise decomposition result that then this will be easily.

Also should be appreciated that, the Wave data that uses among the present invention can be different from the Wave data that utilizes aforesaid rendition style module structure, as utilizes the Wave data of pulse code modulation (pcm), differential pulse coding modulation (DPCM), adaptive difference pulse code modulation (ADPCM) or the sampling of other scheme.Promptly, tone generator 8 can use any known tone signal generating technique, as: storer is read method, and wherein the address date that becomes according to the pitch that responds the tone that will produce calls over the tone waveform sampling Value Data of storing in the wave memorizer; Frequency modulation (FM) method wherein by above-mentioned address date is carried out predetermined frequency modulation operation as the phase angle supplemental characteristic, is obtained tone waveform sampling Value Data; And amplitude modulation (AM) method, wherein, obtain tone waveform sampling Value Data by above-mentioned address date is carried out predetermined amplitude modulation operation as the phase angle supplemental characteristic.Except that said method, tone generator 8 can use analog synthesizer method, analog simulation method of Physical Modeling, harmony synthetic method, resonance peak synthetic method, working voltage control generator (VCO), video controlled filter (VCF) and voltage-adjusting amplifier (VCA) etc.Further, can not utilize specialized hardware to construct tone generator 8, and can utilize the combination of DSP and microprogram or the combination of CPU and software to construct tone generator circuit 8.In addition, can be by using single circuit with time division way or, implementing a plurality of tones and produce passage by for each passage all provides independent circuit.Therefore, specify the information of rendition style can be different from rendition style allocate event information, as the information that disposes according to the above-mentioned tone signal generating technique that uses in the tone generator 8.

In addition, determine that at above-mentioned rendition style equipment is applied under the situation of electronic musical instrument, electronic musical instrument can be any kind musical instrument except that the keyboard type musical instrument, as stringed musical instrument, wind instrument or percussion instrument.In this case, the present invention not only can be applicable to wherein all certainly and plays operation subelements, display, tone generator etc. and be incorporated in together this electronic musical instrument as unit in the electronic musical instrument, and can be applicable to wherein above-mentioned parts be separated to provide, and by another kind of type electronic musical instrument such as the communications facility interconnection of midi interface, diverse network etc.Further, rendition style of the present invention determines that equipment can comprise the combination of personal computer and application software, in this case, and can be from storage medium such as disk, CD or semiconductor memory, perhaps, provide various handling procedures to determine equipment to rendition style by communication network.In addition, rendition style of the present invention determine equipment can be applied to such as karaoke equipment and concert performer's piano automatic playing equipment, game station and such as the mobile terminals of portable phone.Further, determine that at rendition style of the present invention equipment is applied under the situation of mobile terminals, can carry out the part of functions of mobile terminals by server computer, make mobile terminals and server computer cooperation to carry out essential function.Promptly, can dispose rendition style of the present invention in any desired way and determine equipment, as long as it can be based on ultimate principle of the present invention, utilize predetermined software or hardware, avoid effectively with respect to because musical instrument ad hoc structure or rendition style feature and in fact impossible pitch difference is used rendition style.

Claims

1. a rendition style is determined equipment, comprising:

Part is provided, the performance event information is provided;

Part is set, in the multiple rendition style each is provided with independent pitch difference limited field respectively;

The test section according to by the described performance event information that provides part to provide, detect at least two notes wanting adjoining land or play with overlapping each other, and the pitch that detects between detected at least two notes is poor;

Obtain part, obtain to be used to specify the information of the rendition style that will be given to detected at least two notes; And

The rendition style determining section, on the basis that the pitch difference between detected at least two notes of pitch difference limited field and described test section is compared, determine applicability by the specified rendition style of the information that obtains, wherein, this pitch difference limited field that is used for comparison is to be provided with that part is provided with and with described to obtain the specified rendition style of information that part obtains corresponding by described, and when the definite specified rendition style where applicable of described rendition style determining section, described rendition style determining section is defined as specified rendition style will be given to the rendition style of detected at least two notes

Wherein, when described rendition style determining section has been determined by the specified rendition style of the information that obtains inapplicable, and when predetermined acquiescence rendition style where applicable, described rendition style determining section is defined as described acquiescence rendition style will be given to the rendition style of detected at least two notes.

2. rendition style according to claim 1 is determined equipment, comprise further and can be operated to specify the operating means of expectation rendition style that wherein said acquisition partly obtains to be used to specify the operation that responds described operating means and the information of the expectation rendition style that produces by the player.

3. rendition style according to claim 1 is determined equipment,

Wherein, the described part that is provided with all is provided with pitch difference limited field for every type of the polytype joint rendition style that is used to make at least two notes interconnection, as long as so that the pitch difference between described at least two notes that will interconnect is in pitch difference limited field, the joint rendition style just is confirmed as being suitable for, and

Wherein, described acquisition part obtains to be used to specify the information of any type fittings rendition style in the polytype joint rendition style.

4. rendition style according to claim 3 is determined equipment, and wherein, polytype joint rendition style comprises glide joint rendition style and trill joint rendition style at least.

5. rendition style according to claim 4 is determined equipment, wherein, when described rendition style determining section is determined by the specified rendition style of the information that obtains when inapplicable, described rendition style determining section determines further whether any of predetermined default rendition style is suitable for, so that the acquiescence rendition style that will be suitable for is defined as being given to the rendition style of detected at least two notes, the predetermined default rendition style comprises legato rendition style and fortune tongue rendition style.

6. a rendition style is determined method, comprising:

The step of playing event information is provided;

Be provided for indicating the step of the condition of the independent pitch difference limited field that is provided with accordingly with this rendition style in the multiple rendition style each;

Detect step,, detect at least two notes wanting adjoining land or play with overlapping each other, and the pitch that detects between detected at least two notes is poor according to the described performance event information that provides the step of playing event information to provide;

Acquisition is used to specify the step of the information of the rendition style that will be given to detected at least two notes; And

Determining step, on the basis that the pitch difference between pitch difference limited field and detected at least two notes of described detection step is compared, determine applicability by the specified rendition style of the information that obtains, wherein, this pitch difference limited field that is used for comparison is that the specified rendition style of information that obtains with described acquisition step is provided with accordingly, and when the definite specified rendition style where applicable of described determining step, described determining step is defined as specified rendition style will be given to the rendition style of detected at least two notes

Wherein, when determining step has been determined by the specified rendition style of the information that obtains inapplicable, and when predetermined acquiescence rendition style where applicable, determining step is defined as described acquiescence rendition style will be given to the rendition style of detected at least two notes.