CN1769657A - Power output apparatus and method for controlling the same - Google Patents
Power output apparatus and method for controlling the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN1769657A CN1769657A CNA2004100897846A CN200410089784A CN1769657A CN 1769657 A CN1769657 A CN 1769657A CN A2004100897846 A CNA2004100897846 A CN A2004100897846A CN 200410089784 A CN200410089784 A CN 200410089784A CN 1769657 A CN1769657 A CN 1769657A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 8
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 claims 4
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 21
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a throttle gate 101, which is characterized by the following: when the petrol engine 100 doesn't execute the control to reduce the carbon compounds, the opening limit of throttle gate 101 is given less to reduce the discharge of throttle gate 101; when the petrol engine 100 executes the control to reduce the carbon compounds, the opening limit of throttle gate 101 is given more to accelerate the to heat catalyst, which shortens the heating time of catalyst. The invention can reduce total quantity of carbon compounds in the shorter catalyst heating time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power take-off and the controlling method that is used for this device.
Background technique
Up to the present, have many technology to be used to reduce the discharging of hydrocarbon, this compound is the harmful matter in the engine exhaust.For example, the catalyzer in engine exhaust system just can effectively reduce the discharging of hydrocarbon.This catalyzer is activated by the waste heating of being come by motor, shows the function that it reduces hydrocarbon emission thus.
Before catalyzer activates, there are 3 kinds of main method to reduce the discharging of hydrocarbon.One of method is in a circulation engine ignition timing to be postponed a predetermined value or more to postponing side.It is this that side postpones a predetermined value or more technology will be called retarded spark timing for short hereinafter to postponing with the engine ignition timing in a circulation.
Second method is that the valve overlap phase is set to a predetermined value or higher, and wherein intake valve and exhaust valve are all opened in the valve overlap phase.Be set to a predetermined value or when higher, combustion gas are blown gets back to suction port, is got back to suction port thereby hydrocarbon also blows in valve overlap.Therefore the reduction degree of hydrocarbon emission that comes from relief opening just makes that with to blow the part of getting back in the suction port suitable the discharging of reduction hydrocarbon becomes possibility.
The third method relates to air fuel ratio to thin conversion.Usually comprise carbon as in the gasoline of motor fuel.If air fuel ratio, the ratio of the air of supply engine and fuel just, when thin, quantity of fuel will be less relatively, reduced the quantity of carbon thus, and carbon is the composition of hydrocarbon certainly, and this just makes discharging of minimizing hydrocarbon become possibility.
In JP6-141405A, in order to reduce the quantity of hydrocarbon emission, suggestion will be arrived motor when catalyzer is in non-heated condition charge air flow is controlled at low flow velocity.In JP8-28417A, in order to reduce the discharging of hydrocarbon, the suggestion retarded spark timing.
Yet, if the air inflow to motor before being activated to catalyzer keeps low flow velocity, can be used for the amount of exhaust of activated catalyst can lack too, therefore needs the period of heatable catalyst can be longer, and its result is exactly the total amount that has increased hydrocarbon emission in this period.
Because following reason, these the 3 kinds methods that are used for minimizing hydrocarbon emission before activated catalyst are also less suitable after just piloting engine.First kind of method that is used to reduce hydrocarbon emission relates to retarded spark timing.Yet, because become unstable easily, so because the danger of engine misfiring has just appearred in retarded spark timing in the after-combustion of just piloting engine.
Second kind of method that is used to reduce hydrocarbon emission relates to valve overlap is set to a predetermined value or higher.When piloting engine, yet valve overlap must be set on the little value to guarantee that idling is stable.In addition, because when engine start, the rotation of motor can not be increased to oil pressure is enough to change valve timing, so will can not change valve timing.Therefore, after just piloting engine, be difficult to valve overlap is set to a predetermined value or higher, so just be difficult to carry out second method.
The third method that is used to reduce hydrocarbon emission relates to lean air fuel ratio.Yet,,, can increase the in fact discharging of hydrocarbon on the contrary so, the danger of misfiring is just arranged if do not spray a large amount of fuel because in the firm cold starting after-combustion of motor instability.The air fuel ratio that overrich is preferably arranged in other words.In addition, friction level height after the firm cold starting of motor, and the situation of each cylinder air inlet has very big difference.Therefore, preferred, in order to stablize engine revolution and to guarantee smooth combustion in each cylinder, need the air fuel ratio of overrich.Thus, the third method also is difficult to carry out.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is when engine start, to reduce the discharging of hydrocarbon.
According to one aspect of the present invention, power take-off comprises: the motor that outputs power to live axle; Adjust the airspeed regulating mechanism of the airspeed of supply engine; In order to discharge vent systems engine exhaust, that catalyzer is arranged; First suppresses controller, and it controls the airspeed regulating mechanism after engine start, thereby airspeed is limited in the level that is equal to or less than predetermined flow velocity; With second suppress controller, it in predetermined timing with the work change of motor working state to the minimizing hydrocarbon of having set up, thereby reduce the amount of the hydrocarbon in the waste gas, and the restriction of elimination on airspeed.
In this power take-off, cause the minimizing of engine exhaust quantity by first minimizing that suppresses the airspeed that controller causes, thereby reduced hydrocarbon emission quantity.Because reduced hydrocarbon emission by airspeed control, thus can carry out different control arbitrarily, for example premature ignition period, with air fuel ratio break-in overrich, just to have started the work that motor is stablized in the back at motor.
In predetermined timing, for example,, can reduce the discharging of hydrocarbon reducing to work under the hydrocarbon working state by motor when after motor starting during through predetermined period.When motor is worked under minimizing hydrocarbon working state, because can reduce the discharging of hydrocarbon, so can cancel the restriction on airspeed by the work of control motor.The restriction of cancellation on airspeed can guarantee that the output that airspeed and motor require is consistent.
The airspeed regulating device can be closure, pressurized machine or electric variable valve timing mechanism.
According to another aspect of the present invention, power take-off comprises: the motor that outputs power to live axle; Adjust the airspeed regulating mechanism of the airspeed of supply engine; Discharge the vent systems of engine exhaust; Be arranged in the catalyzer of vent systems; Normal controller when it activates at catalyzer, is carried out the proper functioning of motor; First hydrocarbon suppresses controller, when it does not activate at catalyzer, and the work of control motor, thus by before the passage of catalyzer, the concentration of hydrocarbon in the waste gas is reduced to the amount more medium and small than normal control; Second hydrocarbon suppresses controller, and it at least one predetermined period, forbids that first hydrocarbon suppresses the work of controller after engine start, and control airspeed regulating mechanism, thereby airspeed is reduced to a predetermined value or littler.
Below three kinds of methods can be used for reducing hydrocarbon emission: the airspeed that reduces supply engine; Make engine operation under certain state, in this moment waste gas composition of hydrocarbon before by catalyzer to than little (being designated hereinafter simply as " reducing hydrocarbon controls ") in the normal control; And activated catalyst.
After motor starting just, reduce airspeed to reduce hydrocarbon emission.When after motor starting, during through predetermined period, controlling the discharging that reduces hydrocarbon by reducing hydrocarbon.When catalyzer activates, reduce the discharging of hydrocarbon by catalyzer.
More than three kinds of methods can suitably be merged.Reduce airspeed to reduce hydrocarbon emission by just started the back at motor, make and carry out control for the motor stable operation possibility that becomes arbitrarily.When after motor starting during, adjust the airspeed of leading to motor arbitrarily and become possibility by controlling the discharging that reduces hydrocarbon by reducing hydrocarbon, making through predetermined period.By when catalyzer activates, reducing the discharging of hydrocarbon, make control air-flow and motor arbitrarily, and consider that fuel economy and maneuverability become possibility when carrying out engine control by catalyzer.
Except above-mentioned power take-off arrangement, the present invention can be embodied as a kind of method of controlling power take-off.Do not need to be provided with above-mentioned all features, ignore some or merge that they are also passable.In being equipped with the hybrid vehicle of power take-off, embodiment also is possible.
By the ensuing specific descriptions to preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, these and other purpose, feature, aspect and advantage of the present invention will become clearer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the summary structural drawing as the hybrid vehicle shown in the embodiment.
Fig. 2 is an explanatory drawing of describing engine working mode and closure control mode.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart, shows the control of being carried out by controller to petrol engine closure and motor.
Fig. 4 is an explanatory drawing, shows the figure of storage target air-fuel ratio.
Fig. 5 is an explanatory drawing, shows the storage target ignition figure in period.
Fig. 6 is an explanatory drawing, shows the figure of storage target torque.
Fig. 7 is a flow chart, shows the selection process of engine working mode and closure control mode.
Fig. 8 (a) shows this embodiment's control result to 8 (d).
Fig. 9 is an explanatory drawing, shows the test result that hydrocarbon emission is measured.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the invention illustrate in the following order.
A. embodiment:
B. change
A. embodiment:
Fig. 1 is a sketch of implementing hybrid vehicle of the present invention.This hybrid vehicle has petrol engine 100, motor 20 as power source.In this embodiment, motor 20 is synchronous motors; Yet, also can the usage induction motor or the Wechselstrommotor of other patterns, perhaps direct current motor.
The bent axle 11 of petrol engine 100 is connected with flywheel 22.The rotor 25 of motor 20 contacts with the excircle of flywheel 22, and the stator 26 of motor 20 is fixed on the position corresponding to its excircle of lining.
Be used as an actuating force source of hybrid vehicle by the motor 20 of storage battery 210 energizes.The direct current of being supplied with by storage battery 210 changes threephase AC into by transducer coil 220, and threephase AC is fed into motor 20 then.It is storage battery 210 that power source is not limited to, other different storage devices that can the charge/discharge lotus, and capacitor for example can be as substituting.
Motor 20 also comes regenerated electric power as generator.Motor 20 will be an electric power from the moment of torsion output of petrol engine 100 and the goes through torque conversion of coming from live axle 34 transmission, utilize these electric power accumulators 210 chargings then.
The moment of torsion output of petrol engine 100 is from output shaft 31 outputs.This moment of torsion can be increased and decreased by the power supply and the generating work of motor 20.
The input shaft 32 that output shaft 31 connects to speed changer 33 via clutch 30.Output from speed changer 33 is passed to live axle 34 and driving wheel 35 through the differential gear (not shown).
The inside and the peripheral unit of petrol engine 100 are described below.Release with reference to the detailed drawing that appears at bottom-right petrol engine 100 among Fig. 1.Petrol engine 100 comprises with the suction port 123 of air suction firing chamber with from the relief opening 124 of firing chamber combustion gas.Intake valve 121 is located at suction port 123 on the part of firing chamber unlatching, and exhaust valve 122 is located at suction port 124 on the part of firing chamber unlatching.
Gas-entered passageway 150 connects to suction port 123, so that external air is guided to cylinder head; In gas-entered passageway 150, be provided with closure 101 and Fuelinjection nozzle 103.Here, as an example, described from the mouth of Fuelinjection nozzle 103 and sprayed to suction port 123 burner oils; Yet the direct injection that fuels injection into the firing chamber also is possible.
Closure 101 is regulated the air quantity that supplies to petrol engine 100.If closure 101 apertures are big, the air quantity that supplies to petrol engine 100 can increase, and it is bigger that the output of petrol engine 100 can become.If closure 101 apertures are little, opposite phenomenon will take place.
Air inlet pressure sensor 104 is located in the gas-entered passageway 150, makes the pressure of surveying in the gas-entered passageway become possibility.
Spark plug 102 is to be used for lighting by high tension spark the device of the gas mixture that supplies to motor.
The exhaust passage 180 of petrol engine 100 with waste gas outside motor is discharged to vehicle.Catalyst 190 is located in the exhaust passage 180.Catalyst 190 comprises catalyzer and comes hydrocarbon in the purifying exhaust air.If catalyzer is not activated, yet the purification behavior can not be performed.
The work of each part of hybrid vehicle is by controller 200 controls.Controller 200 is a microcomputer that comprises CPU, RAM and ROM; It is according to controlling each part.
As the back comparatively in detail as described in, controller 200 by be located at CKP 170 on the bent axle 11, be in the accelerator level sensor 160 in the accelerator pedal, residual capacity sensor 211, air inlet pressure sensor 104 and the vehicle speed sensor 165 that is used on the storage battery 210 obtained information.Vehicle speed sensor 165 is measured " speed of a motor vehicle " by the rotating speed of driving wheel 35, exports that information then.As selection, vehicle speed sensor 165 can be that a cover recently calculates the speed of a motor vehicle computing device of the speed of a motor vehicle by engine speed and gear, perhaps via satellite or similar devices detect operating range and running time, calculate the device of the speed of a motor vehicle then.
The mode of operation of the identifying unit 203 decision petrol engine 100 of controller 200, this pattern is defined by the parameter that comprises air fuel ratio, ignition timing and valve opening feature (below be called engine working mode).This unit also determines the control mode (below be called the closure control mode) of closure 101.Engine working mode and closure control mode all have various modes.Identifying unit 203 is on the basis that the electric charge of hybrid vehicle operating conditions and the accumulators 210 that provided by electric motor controller 202 requires, and what pattern decision engine working mode and closure control mode each should use.Identifying unit 203 is with the appropriate mode notice engine controller 204, throttle controller 201 and the electric motor controller 202 that are used.
When the testing result of the residual capacity sensor 211 of storage battery 210 was equal to or less than a predetermined value, electric motor controller 202 was to charge in batteries request of identifying unit 203 outputs.Electric motor controller 202 also based on some such as the accelerator level that detects by accelerator level sensor 160 and the factors such as the speed of a motor vehicle that detect by vehicle speed sensor 165, decide target torque; Then the motoring control signal is outputed to transducer 220.
Below with reference to Fig. 2 engine working mode and closure control mode are described.In this embodiment, engine working mode comprises " heating mode ", " low HC control mode " and " normal mode ".
In order to the condition of implementing " heating mode " is that catalyzer is in heating period, and is in the predetermined period after petrol engine 100 startings." heating mode " is the pattern for petrol engine 100 is selected at firm starting back stable operation.Predetermined period can be till subsequently " low HC control mode " works down up to petrol engine.This point is description in the back.
In order to the condition of implementing " low HC control mode " is that catalyzer is in heating period, and behind the predetermined period of petrol engine 100 starting processes." low HC control mode " is the pattern of selecting in order to reduce petrol engine 100 hydrocarbon emissions.
Condition in order to enforcement " normal mode " is that catalyzer heats." normal mode " is the pattern for petrol engine 100 is selected in catalyzer heating back proper functioning.
Based on whether the charge in batteries request being arranged, " low HC control mode " and " normal mode " respectively are divided into two subpatterns.For " low HC control mode ", or be if " low HC charge mode " when the charge in batteries request is arranged, if or the time do not have " the low HC non-charging mode " of charge in batteries request.For " normal mode ", or be if " charge mode " when the charge in batteries request is arranged, if or the time do not have " non-charging mode " of charge in batteries request.
The closure pattern comprises " little aperture pattern ", " big aperture charge mode ", " big aperture pattern ", " closure charge mode " and " closure normal mode ".
When engine working mode is " heating mode ", select " little aperture pattern " as the closure control mode.When selecting " little aperture pattern ", the aperture of closure 101 is controlled as little aperture." little aperture " is the predetermined value that is stored in advance among the ROM of controller 200.This predetermined value be set up less than in normal control by the throttle opening (hereinafter referred to as accelerator decision aperture) of accelerator level decision.
" little aperture pattern " is in order to reduce the discharge amount of petrol engine 100, thereby reducing hydrocarbon emission selects, it is by closure being set at " little aperture " being difficult to reduce by control petrol engine 100 under the situation of hydrocarbon emission, perhaps by using catalyzer to realize.
When engine working mode is " low HC discharge mode ", select " big aperture charge mode " as the closure control mode.When selecting " big aperture charge mode ", the aperture of closure 101 is set on the value that equals " big aperture " and " for the aperture of charging " sum." big aperture " and " for the aperture of charging " is the setting value among the ROM that is stored in controller 200 in advance." big aperture " is set to than the big value of accelerator decision aperture." for the aperture of charging " is set to the value that is comparable to " little aperture ".
" big aperture charge mode " is under the situation that can reduce by control petrol engine 100 of the discharging at hydrocarbon, quicken the activation of catalyst 190 inner catalysts for the exhausted air quantity that increases petrol engine 100 and select, it is realized by closure 101 being set to " big aperture+be the aperture of charging ".This pattern is also selected for the output torque with petrol engine 100 is increased to the output torque that requires above the vehicle driver as much as possible, and it is realized by closure 101 being set to " big aperture+be the aperture of charging ".The output torque that surpasses the output torque of vehicle driver's requirement is converted into electric energy by motor 20, in order to accumulators 210 chargings.
When engine working mode is " low HC non-charging mode ", select " big aperture pattern " as the closure control mode.When selecting " big aperture pattern ", the aperture of closure 101 is set to big aperture.
" big aperture pattern " selected for the heating that the exhausted air quantity that increases petrol engine 100 quickens catalyst 190 inner catalysts, under the situation that it can reduce by control petrol engine 100 by the discharging at hydrocarbon in catalyzer heating period, closure 101 is set at " aperture greatly " and realizes.
When engine working mode is " charge mode ", select " closure charge mode " as the closure control mode.When selecting " closure charge mode ", the aperture of closure 101 is set at the value that equals " accelerator decision aperture " and " for the aperture of charging " sum.
" closure charge mode " selected for the output torque with petrol engine 100 is increased to the output torque that requires above the vehicle driver, and it is realized by closure 101 being set to " accelerator decision aperture+be the aperture of charging ".The output torque that surpasses vehicle driver's requirement is converted into electric energy by motor 20, in order to accumulators 210 chargings.
When engine working mode is " non-charging mode ", select " closure normal mode " as the closure control mode.When selecting " closure normal mode ", the aperture of closure 101 is set to " accelerator decision aperture ".
" non-charging mode " is selecteed in order to realize normal control.
When engine working mode is " heating mode " and closure control mode during for " little aperture pattern ", even received the charge in batteries request by motor control 202, the charge in batteries request also can be left in the basket.This is because in the period of selecting " little aperture pattern ", in order to reduce the discharging of hydrocarbon, the aperture of closure 101 must be little, so just is difficult to increase the output torque of petrol engine 100.
Next describe and reduce hydrocarbon emission control.Fig. 3 is a flow chart, shows the control of being carried out by controller to petrol engine 100, closure 101 and motor 20.Following description will be followed this flow chart.
When motor, closure and motor control program began, controller 200 is detection of engine rotating speed, accelerator level, the speed of a motor vehicle and suction pressure (step S100) at first.Engine speed is calculated by the output of CKP 170.The accelerator level is detected by accelerator level sensor 160; The speed of a motor vehicle is detected by vehicle speed sensor 165.Suction pressure is the pressure in the gas-entered passageway, is detected by air inlet pressure sensor 104.
In case engine speed, accelerator level and the speed of a motor vehicle are detected under this pattern, select the process of engine working mode and closure control mode just to begin (step S102).The process of this selection engine working mode and closure control mode is description afterwards.
When controller 200 is finished the selection of engine working mode and closure control mode, carry out closure control according to the closure control mode of selecting.
Next, in response to engine working mode and closure control mode, controller 200 beginning fuel injection control (step S106).This control comprises: the pressure based in the gas-entered passageway that is detected by air inlet pressure sensor 104, calculate the air quantity that sucks the firing chamber; Suitable just at present, from the quantity burner oil of Fuelinjection nozzle 103 to require by air fuel ratio.
The ROM that is located in the controller 200 has stored target air-fuel ratio for every kind of engine working mode with the form of scheming, and map parameter has engine speed (rpm) and throttle opening.
Fig. 4 is an explanatory drawing that the figure that comprises target air-fuel ratio is shown.The figure shows a model, for heating mode, low HC control mode and normal mode, it has 3 storage maps.In Fig. 4, symbol AF11, AF12 ... representative is corresponding to the air fuel ratio value of engine speed on the horizontal axis and the throttle opening on the vertical shaft.For example, when engine working mode is normal mode,,, calculate target air-fuel ratio by interpolation with reference to the figure shown in the front among the figure 4 for engine speed and throttle opening.Here, the throttle opening desired value by the decision of closure control mode is used as throttle opening (for example, if " little aperture pattern " will be " little aperture ").The sensor that detects throttle opening is provided equally, it with the value of sensor as throttle opening.
Next computing fuel emitted dose and the timing of fuel injection beginning, wherein fuel injection amount has provided target air-fuel ratio with respect to the air inflow of previous detection, and the timing of fuel injection beginning is corresponding with fuel injection quantity.Air fuel ratio definition by prior statement in case determined air quantity and target air-fuel ratio, just can determine the fuel quantity that is used to spray thus.In addition, if determined fuel injection amount, equally also can determine the injection beginning timing.In other words, in the petrol engine 100 of present embodiment, because fixed the end timing that fuel sprays, fuel injection amount and the timing of fuel injection beginning just have relation one to one; If determined fuel injection amount, also can determine the timing of fuel injection beginning thus.After having determined the timing of fuel injection beginning, as mentioned above, in fuel injection control (the step S106 of Fig. 3), in suitable timing, carry out the control of driving fuel injection valve 103 based on the output of CKP 170.
When fuel injection control finishes, controller 200 beginning valve timing control (step S107).The valve opening of control intake valve 121 and exhaust valve 122/valve-closing at interval in valve timing control.Similar with the figure of Fig. 4, control valve timing with figure, it has the engine speed that is painted on the horizontal axis and the throttle opening on vertical shaft, wherein records valve opening/valve-closing period.Be respectively intake valve 121 and exhaust valve 122 has been prepared figure, come to be each valve record valve-opening period and valve-closing period.Prepared the figure in valve-opening period and valve-closing period respectively for heating mode, low HC control mode and normal mode.Utilize these figure, just can go out corresponding to target valve-opening period of the intake valve 121 of engine working mode, engine speed and throttle opening and exhaust valve 122 and target valve-closing period by interpolation calculation.Equally can be with represent valve opening/valve-closing period from the crank angle of top dead center or lower dead center.
In valve timing control, in case calculate in this manner corresponding to target valve-opening period of the intake valve 121 of engine condition and exhaust valve 122 and target valve-closing period, based on the output of CKP 170, by with intake valve 121 and exhaust valve 122 opening and closing in suitable timing control valve timing.
When valve timing control finishes, controller 200 beginning IGNITION CONTROL (step S108).In IGNITION CONTROL, the process that dependence is lighted air-fuel mixture in the firing chamber from the spark of spark plug 102 realizes in suitable timing.Ignition timing is based on the figure of the ROM stored of controller 200 and set up.
Fig. 5 is conceptual to show the ignition timing of writing down for heating mode, low HC control mode and normal mode, and it is under the form of figure, and its parameter has engine speed and throttle opening.In the drawings, T11, T12 ... representative is corresponding to the ignition timing value of engine speed on the horizontal axis and the throttle opening on the vertical shaft.From the figure shown in Fig. 5, can utilize interpolation to calculate ignition timing in IGNITION CONTROL equally, this and above-mentioned to calculate target air-fuel ratio in fuel injection control similar.After IGNITION CONTROL calculates ignition timing corresponding to engine condition by this way, rely on based on driving spark plug 102 in the suitable timing of CKP 170 outputs, realize the control of ignition combustion indoor air-fuel mixture.
After the step S108 of Fig. 3, controller 200 is determined target torque based on accelerator level, the speed of a motor vehicle of importing and the closure control mode selected in step S102 in step S100, and control motor 20 (step S109).The target torque of motor 20 is based on the figure of the ROM stored of controller 200 and determine.
Fig. 6 shows the form of a figure, and its parameter has the speed of a motor vehicle and accelerator level.The conceptual state that stores for the target torque of every kind of closure control mode that shows of this figure.Tr11, Tr12 ... representative is corresponding to the target torque value of the speed of a motor vehicle on the horizontal axis and the accelerator level on the vertical shaft.From the figure shown in Fig. 6, can utilize interpolation to calculate target torque in motor control equally, this and above-mentioned to calculate target air-fuel ratio in fuel injection control similar.In motor control, after the target torque that calculates by this way corresponding to operating conditions, control motor 20 is to carry control signal to transducer 220.
Because there is not the charge in batteries request in the closure general mode, so all output torques of petrol engine 100 all are used as power, and the aperture of closure 101 is set according to the accelerator level.Thereby, just from petrol engine 100, do not add the output of change by the power of vehicle driver's requirement.Therefore, do not need to control motor 20, therefore offhand figure.
Next, controller 200 is judged the order (step S110) that whether produces a shutting engine down.If do not produce the order of shutting engine down, process turns back to step S100 and repeats these serial processes.When having produced the order of shutting engine down, closure and motor control EOP end of program.In this manner, petrol engine 100 is worked under the control of controller 200 according to the program of Fig. 3, to produce the power of response vehicle driver order.
Above-mentioned selection process for engine working mode and closure control mode will be described here.Fig. 7 is a flow chart, shows the selection process of engine working mode and closure control mode.This process is carried out by the identifying unit 203 of controller 200.
At first, controller 200 receives the testing result (step S201) of each sensor.More specifically, controller 200 receives the temperature of catalyst interior 190; From petrol engine 100 starting back elapsed times; Make the oil pressure that changes mechanism's work valve timing.Here, the appearance from the charge in batteries request of electric motor controller 202 equally also is transfused to.
Determining under the situation that the catalyzer heating not have to finish period,, whether making and to be elected to be the conditional decision (step S205) of engine working mode with hanging down the HC control mode based on the interior temperature (step S203) of catalyst 190.
Condition is as follows.
1. flameholding.
2. it is exercisable changing mechanism valve timing.
Under low HC control mode, can carry out different control, for example valve overlap is set to a predetermined value or higher, as to postpone petrol engine 100 ignition timing and air fuel ratio is set at thin.Yet for retarded spark timing or air fuel ratio is set at thin, burning should be stable.In addition, be equal to or greater than predetermined value for the valve overlap amount is set at, it should be exercisable changing mechanism valve timing.Thereby, about whether selecting the decision of low HC control mode to make according to condition 1 and condition 2.
About condition 1, if after petrol engine 100 starting through a scheduled time, judge that then burning is stable." scheduled time " is stored among the ROM of controller 200.About condition 2,, judge that then it is exercisable changing mechanism valve timing if make the oil pressure that changes mechanism's work valve timing be raised to a predetermined value or higher." predetermined value " is stored among the ROM of controller 200.Because make the oil pressure that changes mechanism work valve timing represent the oil pressure of the oil pressure pump that drives by petrol engine 100, so unless after petrol engine 100 startings through the scheduled time, this value can not be equal to, or greater than predetermined value.In brief, select low HC control mode, must pass through the scheduled time after petrol engine 100 startings.Two conditions can be summarized as an independent condition, i.e. " after petrol engine 100 starting through the scheduled time ".
The applicable elements of Fig. 2 row have also comprised " scheduled time " in " after gasoline starting through the scheduled time ".This is a period till can selecting low HC control mode as engine working mode.Therefore, it be one up to eligible 1 and condition 2 till period.
When condition 1 or condition 2 all do not meet (step S209), controller 200 does not select low HC control mode as engine working mode, alternative selection heating mode (step S210).In other words, as long as can't select valve overlap is set to a predetermined value or more, as to postpone petrol engine 100 ignition timing and air fuel ratio is set at thin these controls, will select heating mode to be used as engine working mode.
Fig. 8 (a) shows the control of ignition timing, and Fig. 8 (b) shows the control by the valve overlap (O/L) of modifier valve timing, and Fig. 8 (c) shows the control of air fuel ratio (A/F) and rotating speed (Ne), and Fig. 8 (d) shows the aperture control of closure 101.Fig. 8 (a)-8 (d) will be painted on the horizontal axis time, and same time shaft is all arranged.
In Fig. 8 (a)-8 (d), dashed graph shows in a conventional manner the result that carries out control (below be called tradition control); The solid line figure shows the control result who is included in the present embodiment.Shown in Fig. 8 (a), because,, ignition timing can only be put forward the previous value that is equal to or greater than predetermined value so do not select in firm starting up gasoline engine 100 after-combustion instabilities.In an embodiment, behind firm starting up gasoline engine, put forward previous predetermined value or in more period, select heating mode as engine working mode in ignition timing.
Shown in Fig. 8 (b), can not work because afterwards change mechanism valve timings, so valve overlap (O/L) can not be set at a value that is equal to or greater than predetermined value at firm starting up gasoline engine 100.In this embodiment, valve overlap (O/L) can not be set in the period of a value that is equal to or greater than predetermined value, select heating mode as engine working mode.
In the control in Fig. 8 (b), after by the time oil pressure is raised to and valve overlap (O/L) can be changed the levels of 20 degree from initial value, a transformation to low HC non-charging mode just be arranged, wherein valve overlap (O/L) is set up is higher than a predetermined value.In tradition control, because valve overlap (O/L) can only change 2 degree from initial value, at this moment shorter to the stand-by period that oil pressure raises by engine start, valve overlap (O/L) is little more than this embodiment.
Shown in Fig. 8 (c), because in starting up gasoline engine 100 after-combustion instabilities, so air fuel ratio (A/F) should be set to overrich.In this embodiment, air fuel ratio (A/F) should be set in the period of overrich, select heating mode as engine working mode.
Get back to Fig. 7, if condition 1 or condition 2 all meet (step S209), if and in the input of step S201, do not have charge in batteries request (step S215), according to being suitable for qualified control, controller 200 would be selected low HC non-charging mode (step S216).In other words, when condition 1 met, controller 200 relied on control Fuelinjection nozzles 103 and spark plug 102 and selects low HC non-charging mode as engine working mode; When condition 2 met, controller 200 changed mechanism and selects low HC non-charging mode as engine working mode according to control valve timing.
Change in the engine working mode of mechanism in the valve timing shown in foundation Fig. 8 (b), condition 2 has determined the timing to low HC non-charging mode conversion.Heating mode among Fig. 8 (b) at interval with Fig. 8 (a) or Fig. 8 (c) in different, condition 1 has determined the timing changed to low HC non-charging mode among Fig. 8 (a) or Fig. 8 (c).
Behind the step S216 of Fig. 7, controller 200 selects big aperture pattern as closure control mode (step S217).Because rely on Fuelinjection nozzle 103, spark plug 102 or change mechanism valve timing, engine working mode is low HC non-charging mode, with the hydrocarbon amount of minimizing petrol engine 100 dischargings, thus just the aperture of closure 101 can be made as " big aperture ", with the activation of accelerator activator.
If charge in batteries request (step S215) is arranged in the input of step S201, according to being suitable for qualified control, controller 200 is selected low HC charge mode (step S218), selects big aperture charge mode as closure control mode (step S219) then.When the charge in batteries request, the aperture that closure 101 is set is " big aperture+be the aperture of charging ", and petrol engine 100 outputs are in order to the moment of torsion of accumulators 210 chargings.
As difference, only when condition 1 and condition 2 all meet, just judge and select low HC charge mode or low HC non-charging mode according to all suitable control setting.In addition, only when condition 1 and condition 2 all meet, just judge and select big aperture pattern or big aperture charge mode as the closure control mode.
If controller 200 is by checking the temperature in the catalyst 190, the judgement catalyzer heats and finishes (step S203) period, if and in the input of step S201, do not have a charge in batteries request (step S220), controller 200 just selects non-charging mode as engine working mode (step S221), and selects the closure normal mode as closure control mode (step S223).
On the other hand, finish (step S203) period when judging that catalyzer heats, and when in the input of step S201, charge in batteries request (step S220) being arranged, controller 200 selects charge mode as engine working mode (step S222), and selects the closure charge mode as closure control mode (step S224).In the latter's situation, the aperture that closure 191 is set is " accelerator decision aperture+be the aperture of charging ", and petrol engine 100 outputs are in order to the moment of torsion of accumulators 210 chargings.
The solid line of Fig. 8 (a)-8 (c) show the self-starting motor rise passed through predetermined period after, condition 1 or condition 2 meet, and when having selected low HC non-charging mode as engine control mode, performed control.It should be noted that passed through predetermined period after, ignition timing is delayed shown in Fig. 8 (a), valve overlap is increased to a predetermined value or more shown in Fig. 8 (b), and air fuel ratio is set to thinner shown in Fig. 8 (c).Even in tradition control, passed through any period in case the self-starting motor rises, air fuel ratio also can thin out; Yet, in this embodiment, making that air fuel ratio can be the result of the A/F sensor of pre-thermal measurement air fuel ratio (A/F) than the faster thin reason of tradition control, this makes that detecting air fuel ratio in early days becomes possibility.
After from Fig. 8 (d), it should be noted that the self-starting motor has passed through predetermined period, when condition 1 or condition 2 meet, select big aperture pattern, and the aperture that closure is set is " big aperture " as the closure control mode.
Under the control of carrying out as previously mentioned, do not have to carry out in the period of the control of hanging down the non-control mode of HC in petrol engine 100 in an embodiment, throttle opening is set to little aperture, just makes that therefore reducing hydrocarbon emission becomes possibility.When the low HC non-charging mode of petrol engine 100 control or low HC charge mode made that hydrocarbon emission reduces, throttle opening was set to big aperture, and perhaps " big aperture+be the aperture of charging " therefore makes the activation of accelerator activator become possibility.
In other words, according to present embodiment, control closure 101 and petrol engine 100 make that reducing hydrocarbon emission becomes possibility, has shortened the heating period of catalyzer simultaneously.The shortening that catalyzer heats period makes the hydrocarbon emission total amount that reduces from engine start to catalyzer heating end in period become possibility.In case catalyzer warms up, petrol engine 100 does not just need to continue to work under low HC control mode, therefore makes to be provided with and considers that the optimization control of fuel economy and maneuverability becomes possibility.Further, rely on the power generation torque of exporting driving torque and being produced by motor 20 in the control of closure 101, output torque equals the output torque from petrol engine 100 by vehicle driver's requirement substantially.
Fig. 9 is an explanatory drawing, shows the test result that hydrocarbon emission is measured.Every kind of situation histogram graph representation shows from the motor starting hydrocarbon emission total amount till the catalyzer heating end in period.The horizontal axis of figure is represented the discharging of hydrocarbon.Situation 1 is the hydrocarbon emission when carrying out tradition control.Compare with it, situation 3 is to carry out the hydrocarbon emission of control according to present embodiment.Should be noted that the control of carrying out according to present embodiment makes that reducing hydrocarbon emission becomes possibility.
Situation 2 show when air fuel ratio at one when on the time point in the tradition control, thinning out, just when in motor, having carried out low HC control but the hydrocarbon emission when not carrying out throttle opening and controlling.When collaborative throttle opening control comes together to carry out control according to present embodiment, can further reduce the discharging of hydrocarbon.
B. change
Though below described the present invention by a certain embodiments, the present invention is not limited to this, it can be revised with a lot of methods under the situation of not leaving scope of invention and spirit.For example, in the step S211 of Fig. 7, when the closure control mode is little aperture pattern, charge in batteries require have not between and indifference, just ignored the charge in batteries request; Yet, in the step S211 of Fig. 7, be more preferably than ignoring the charge in batteries request, can reduce to export the frequency of charge in batteries request, this can realize for the residual capacity reference value of charge in batteries request by allowing electric motor controller 202 reduce storage battery 210.
Except that described arrangement in an embodiment, other different control modes also can be applied to low HC control mode, and what they were set up in petrol engine 100 can make hydrocarbon emission to be lowered by control.In addition, in catalyzer heating period, though when can closure 101 apertures being set to little aperture, big aperture or big aperture+, there is no need in this manner the opening value of using to be fixed for one of fixed value of the aperture of charging.For little aperture pattern, different thereby aperture can be equal to or less than little aperture; For big aperture pattern, different thereby aperture can be equal to or greater than big aperture.For big aperture charge mode, thus aperture can be equal to or greater than big aperture+for the aperture of charging different.For the aperture of charging equally can difference.
Further, in an embodiment, in the time in petrol engine 100, can reducing hydrocarbon emission, the aperture of closure 101 be set to big aperture+for the charging aperture.Yet, be not the such aperture form of general requirements, it also is feasible substituting with accelerator decision aperture.When aperture is accelerator when decision, should can export the required output level of petrol engine 100 at least.
Claims (24)
1. power take-off comprises:
Output power to the motor of live axle;
Adjust the airspeed regulating mechanism of the airspeed of supply engine;
In order to from the vent systems motor combustion gas, that catalyzer is arranged;
First suppresses controller, and it is after engine start, and control airspeed regulating mechanism is equal to or less than the level of being scheduled to flow velocity thereby airspeed is limited in one; With
Second suppresses controller, it in predetermined timing with the work change of motor working state to the minimizing hydrocarbon of having set up, thereby reduce the amount of the hydrocarbon in the waste gas, and the restriction of elimination on airspeed.
2. according to the power take-off of claim 1, wherein the first and second inhibition controllers are carried out control in the period that catalyzer is not activated.
3. according to the power take-off of claim 1, wherein second suppresses the restriction of controller elimination on airspeed, and control airspeed regulating mechanism, makes air-flow velocity higher than predetermined flow velocity.
4. according to the power take-off of claim 1, wherein under the working state that reduces hydrocarbon, second suppresses controller carries out at least one that lists down: ignition timing is postponed an amount bigger than predetermined value; Air fuel ratio is thinned out; And, engine intake valve and exhaust valve all opened and to have the overlapping valve overlap of changeable air valve when changing mechanism when being provided with, the control valve overlap changes mechanism, makes valve overlap surpass predetermined value.
5. according to the power take-off of claim 1, further comprise:
Motor, it can outputting power to live axle;
Electric motor controller, it controls the power of motor based on airspeed and the desired output level of power take-off.
6. according to the power take-off of claim 1, further comprise:
Generator, its use is exported from the power of motor and is generated electricity;
Electricity generating controller, it suppresses in the control of controller first, and control generator, the electric power that makes generator produce are equal to or less than the power that utilizes motor and export the electric power that can produce.
7. according to the power take-off of claim 6, further comprise:
The charge storage device of chargeable/discharge; With
Detect the detector of the residual capacity of charge storage device;
Wherein generator is given the charging of charge storage device, and electricity generating controller is controlled generator based on residual capacity.
8. according to the power take-off of claim 7, wherein suppress in the control of controller first, no matter residual capacity, electricity generating controller is forbidden generator for electricity generation.
9. according to the power take-off of claim 7, wherein suppress in the control of controller first, electricity generating controller reduces the reference value that is used to start by the residual capacity of the charge storage device of generator charging.
10. power take-off comprises:
Output power to the motor of live axle;
Adjust the airspeed regulating mechanism of the airspeed of supply engine;
Discharge the vent systems of engine exhaust;
Be arranged in the catalyzer of vent systems;
Normal controller when it activates at catalyzer, is carried out the proper functioning of motor;
First hydrocarbon suppresses controller, when it is not activated at catalyzer, and the work of control motor, thus by before the catalyzer, the concentration of hydrocarbon in the waste gas is reduced to than amount less in the normal control;
Second hydrocarbon suppresses controller, it is after engine start at least one predetermined period, forbid that first hydrocarbon suppresses the work of controller, and control the airspeed regulating mechanism, thereby airspeed is reduced to the value that is equal to or less than predetermined value.
11. according to the power take-off of claim 10, wherein first hydrocarbon suppresses controller and comprises flow speed controller, its control airspeed regulating mechanism, thus guarantee that airspeed requires consistent with the output of motor.
12. according to the power take-off of claim 10, wherein first hydrocarbon suppresses controller and comprises the airspeed controller, its control airspeed regulating mechanism, thus airspeed is increased to the level higher than predetermined flow velocity.
13. the method for control power take-off, wherein power take-off comprise the motor that outputs power to live axle, adjust supply engine airspeed the airspeed regulating mechanism and in order to discharge vent systems engine exhaust, that catalyzer is arranged, this method comprises:
Carry out first and suppress control, wherein after engine start, control the airspeed regulating mechanism, thereby airspeed is restricted on the level that is equal to or less than predetermined flow velocity;
Carry out second and suppress control, wherein in predetermined timing, the work of motor is converted to the working state of the minimizing hydrocarbon of having set up, thereby reduces the amount of the hydrocarbon in the waste gas; And eliminate the restriction on airspeed.
14., wherein in the period that catalyzer does not have to activate, carry out first and second and suppress control according to the method for claim 13.
15. according to the method for claim 13, wherein the second inhibition control comprises restriction and the control airspeed regulating mechanism of elimination on airspeed, makes air-flow velocity higher than predetermined flow velocity.
16. according to the method for claim 13, wherein under the working state that reduces hydrocarbon, second suppresses at least one item that control comprises following: ignition timing is postponed an amount bigger than predetermined value; Air fuel ratio is thinned out; And, engine intake valve and exhaust valve all opened and to have the overlapping valve overlap of changeable air valve when changing mechanism when being provided with, the control valve overlap changes mechanism, makes valve overlap surpass predetermined value.
17. according to the method for claim 13, wherein power take-off further comprise can outputting power to the motor of live axle, and
This method further comprises the power of controlling motor based on airspeed and the desired output level of this method.
18. according to the method for claim 13, wherein power take-off comprises that further the power that uses motor exports the generator that generates electricity, and
This method further comprises, suppresses in the control first, and control generator, the electric power that makes generator produce are equal to or less than the power that utilizes motor and export the electric power that can produce.
19. according to the method for claim 18, wherein power take-off further comprises by the chargeable/charge storage device that discharges of generator charging and the detector that detects the residual capacity of charge storage device, and controls generator based on residual capacity.
20. according to the method for claim 19, wherein suppress in the control first, no matter residual capacity, the control generator is forbidden generator for electricity generation.
21. according to the method for claim 19, wherein suppress in the control first, the control generator reduces the reference value that is used to start by the residual capacity of the charge storage device of generator charging.
22. the method for control power take-off, wherein power take-off comprise the motor that outputs power to live axle, adjust supply engine airspeed the airspeed regulating mechanism and in order to discharge vent systems engine exhaust, that catalyzer is arranged, this method comprises:
Carry out normal control, wherein motor has activated the back proper functioning at catalyzer;
Carry out first hydrocarbon and suppress control, wherein, when catalyzer is not activated, the work of control motor, thus by before the catalyzer, the concentration of hydrocarbon in the waste gas is reduced to than amount less in the normal control;
Carry out second hydrocarbon and suppress control, wherein, after engine start at least one predetermined period, forbid that first hydrocarbon suppresses Control work, thereby and control airspeed regulating mechanism airspeed is reduced to the value that is equal to or less than predetermined value.
23. according to the method for claim 21, wherein first hydrocarbon inhibition control comprises, requires consistent thereby control airspeed regulating mechanism guarantees airspeed with the output of motor.
24. according to the method for claim 21, wherein first hydrocarbon inhibition control comprises, thereby control airspeed regulating mechanism is increased to the level higher than predetermined flow velocity with airspeed.
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| CNB2004100897846A CN100567719C (en) | 2004-11-04 | 2004-11-04 | Power take-off and the controlling method that is used for this device |
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| CNB2004100897846A CN100567719C (en) | 2004-11-04 | 2004-11-04 | Power take-off and the controlling method that is used for this device |
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