CN1765478A

CN1765478A - Incrustation sediment retardation device

Info

Publication number: CN1765478A
Application number: CN 200410050800
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨福利; 方向晨; 刘忠信; 刘继华; 张志华
Original assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals
Current assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals
Priority date: 2004-10-29
Filing date: 2004-10-29
Publication date: 2006-05-03
Anticipated expiration: 2024-10-29
Also published as: CN100371061C

Abstract

The invention discloses a begrime distributor, which can overcome the defects of present technique which uses begrime box or the layer of protective agent to cause fast increase of pressure drop and influence on the normal operation in the working process. The invention comprises a begrime distributing base plate and a begrime device. Wherein, said begrime device is arranged on the begrime distribution base plate; the begrime device is a sleeve barrel structure formed by outer and inner cylinder cages; the top of begrime device has a baffle; the side walls of outer and inner cages have overflow holes distributed from up to down; the bottom of inner cylinder cage and the distributing base plate of begrime device have open structures at their relative positions to the bottom of inner cylinder cage; and stuffing or protective agent is filled between the outer and inner cylinders according to the demand. The inventive begrime distributor has advantages including gas-liquid distribution, unimproved pressure drop, prolonged working period, better operation flexibility, wider application to variable mediums, and high availability ratio of stuffing (protective agent) in the working process. The invention can be used in variable fixed-bed reactor, especially in the area of petrochemical industry.

Description

A kind of delay sump

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of delay sump, belong to the inner member of fixed bed reactors in the reactor inner member, particularly petrochemical industry, in particular for the incrustation member of metal impurities, suspended particulate and easy scale forming matter effect in the fixed bed reactors inner filtration liquid.

Background technology

In many fixed bed reaction processes, owing to often contain some solid matters in the charging, these solid matters can be deposited on the beds top, cause the too high even obstruction of bed pressure drop, shorten service cycle, increase operating cost.Though raw material can be carried out filtration treatment, but raw material enters after the system owing to also having some solid impurities in the reason materials such as equipment corrosion, have some materials just can produce scale forming matter in addition under reaction condition, these are to get rid of by the mode of filtering outside reactor.Therefore, in many fixed bed reaction processes, the incrustation phenomenon of catalyst top bed is very general and serious.

Common incrustation interception mode is in reactor head the incrustation basket to be set in the prior art, and the incrustation basket is outer to use certain filler by the reactor cross-section horizontal loading.Though this mode can stop the incrustation material to deposit on beds to a certain extent, the incrustation basket is outer can to cause that pressure drop raises until the obstruction of incrustation basket but be deposited on, and still needs to stop work to open reactor, changes the incrustation basket and just can remain in operation, operate still very loaded down with trivial detailsly, influence runs well.

In the hydrocarbon raw material field of hydrogenation, because the hydrogenation reaction material contains impurity such as colloid, asphalitine, metal impurities and suspended particulate usually, these impurity enter the surface that catalyst section will deposit to catalyst, stopped up the duct of catalyst, the pore volume of catalyst is descended greatly, thereby catalyst activity is reduced fast.Therefore, mostly be directly filling one segment protect agent before fixed bed hydrogenation reactor major catalyst bed, but the protective agent bed is in operation and constantly stop up coking in protective agent section or catalyst section accumulation generation owing to metal impurities, suspended particulate etc. in the raw material.As CN1197105A, ZL00124903, ZL01106004.2; use catalyst grading loading technology; promptly use two or more different catalysts, raw material is contacted with hydrogenation protecting agent, HDM agent, hydrodesulfurization agent, hydrodenitrogeneration agent, hydrocracking agent etc. successively.Above-mentioned technology is failed very effective solution reactor pressure decrease in service and is increased too fast problem, influences efficient and service cycle.

Summary of the invention

At the deficiencies in the prior art; the invention provides a kind of reactor inner member and both postponed sump; this invention changes filler or protective agent vertically to be seated in in reactor cross-section horizontal slice filling and postpones in the sump; this delay sump can effectively slow down the incrustation coking of beds; reduce bed pressure drop; prolong catalyst service life, be specially adapted to fixed bed reactors.

Fixed bed reactors of the present invention postpone sump and comprise sump distribution bottom and sump, and sump uprightly is arranged on the sump distribution bottom.Sump is the tube-in-tube structure that urceolus and inner core constitute; the sump top is provided with the baffle plate cap; urceolus and the inner core sidewall spout hole that distributes from top to bottom, interior tube bottom and distribution bottom and interior tube bottom corresponding position are hatch frame, between urceolus and the inner core according to reaction needed filling material or protective agent.

The sump distribution bottom is the slab construction of perforate, and profile and reactor cross section shape adapt.Suitable form such as sump can adopt welding with the sump distribution bottom, is threaded, flange is connected.Sump urceolus and inner core can be suitable shape such as circle, polygon, excellent circle.The cover tube bottom can be provided with seal base between sump urceolus and the inner core, also can utilize the sump distribution bottom as its seal base.Spout hole on sump urceolus and the inner core sidewall preferably evenly distributes, and spout hole can be various suitable shape such as circular hole, square hole, tri-angle-holed or strip hole, is preferably circular port, and bore dia generally can be 3～8mm.The baffle plate cap can be dull and stereotyped, also can be other suitable shape such as tapered cap or different curve types of attachment.The baffle plate cap is fixed on the sump with dismountable connected mode such as be threaded.

The quantity of above-mentioned sump; sump inner/outer tube shape, diameter and height; spout hole pore size and quantity on the sump inner/outer tube sidewall; the connected mode of sump and sump distribution bottom; filler or protectant type etc. can be determined by simple designs according to the scale of reactor, the factors such as character of reaction mass.

The present invention postpones sump and can use in any fixed bed reactors that the incrustation problem arranged, and is mainly used in gas liquid and flows to the course of reaction of material, as hydrocarbons hydrogenation course of reaction etc.

The present invention postpones sump and is arranged on reactor top in use, and the reactor of reaction mass distributor is set, and then is arranged on the stock distributor, and delay sump of the present invention in fact itself also has the effect that material distributes.In use; the material of coming in from reactor head drops on the sump distribution bottom; enter sump from sump outer tube side wall spout hole then, behind filler or protective agent in the sump sleeve, flow out the delay sump through the inner core bottom opening by sump inner core sidewall spout hole.Along with the prolongation of the duration of runs, behind the filler or protective agent obstruction of sump bottom, material will enter sump from the higher slightly spout hole of sump outer tube side wall, finishes the material that filters or remove easy incrustation under reaction condition.Gas then spreads downwards from entering the collision fluid between baffle plate cap and the inner/outer tube top.From the aforesaid operations process as can be seen; the present invention has then utilized the filler or the protective agent on top, and has not influenced the device running after postponing the filler or protective agent obstruction of sump bottom; reach the downward long running cycle of the condition that does not increase pressure drop, improved filler or protectant utilization rate simultaneously.No matter and prior art is to adopt incrustation basket or decker protective agent; impurity in the reaction mass always is accumulated in earlier on the filler or protective agent of the superiors; prolongation along with the duration of runs; the pressure drop meeting increases gradually; until influencing normal running, and the filler of lower floor or protective agent may also be underused.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that postpones a kind of typical structure of sump.

Fig. 2 is a kind of exemplary configurations schematic diagram of sump on distribution bottom.

Fig. 3 postpones the position view of sump in general reactor.

The specific embodiment

Further specify the delay sump and the mode of operation of a kind of typical structure of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention postpones sump and is made up of connecting bolt 1, attaching nut 2, link 3, baffle plate cap 4, sump inner core 5, sump urceolus 6, protective agent or filler 7, seal base 10 etc.Wherein sump inner core 5, the uniform

small sircle hole

8,9 in sump urceolus 6 sides; between sump inner core 5 and the sump urceolus 6 protective agent is housed; the top of baffle plate cap 4 is provided with centre bore by bolt and link 3;

link

3 and 5 welding of sump inner core; link links together baffle plate cap and sump; in inside and outside cylinder upper end baffle plate cap 4 is set; walk short circuit when preventing raw material by sump; sump inner core 5, sump urceolus 6 and seal base 10 welding postpone sump and 11 welding of sump distribution bottom.

Accompanying drawing 2 sumps are with triangular arrangement on the sump distribution plate.

It is gas-liquid allotter top in reactor that accompanying drawing 3 postpones sump, feed pipe 12, end socket 13, delay sump 14, sump distribution plate 11, gas-liquid allotter 15, gas-liquid allotter dish 16.

With hydrocarbon raw material hydrogenation process is example; during work raw material by feed pipe 12 after spreading to the sump distribution plate; raw material distributes on many sumps; the liquid charging stock overflow enters protective agent by the spout hole of sump urceolus 6 sides; by protective agent impurity such as the colloid in the liquid charging stock, asphalitine, metal impurities and suspended particulate are leached, enter sump inner core 5 then.Gas then enters from flow area between top spout hole or sump inner core 5 sump urceolus, 6 upper ends and the baffle plate cap, is carrying liquid and is diffusing into gas-liquid allotter downwards, is redistributed to beds and reacts.Deviate from by metal impurities contained in the liquid charging stock after the protective agent, suspended particulate, reduced metal impurities, suspended particulate enters catalyst section blocking catalyst aperture, and catalyst is lost activity or coking too early.The top protective agent is crossed by Mobile Communication on liquid level after the end protective agent obstruction coking under the delay incrustation distributor can not increase pressure drop, delayed catalyst coking, prolongation catalyst runs time.In inside and outside cylinder upper end the baffle plate cap is set, walks short circuit when preventing raw material by the incrustation distributor.

Claims

1, a kind of delay sump is characterized in that comprising sump distribution bottom and sump, and sump is arranged on the sump distribution bottom; Sump is the tube-in-tube structure that urceolus and inner core constitute; the sump top is provided with the baffle plate cap; urceolus and the inner core sidewall spout hole that distributes from top to bottom; interior tube bottom and sump distribution bottom and interior tube bottom corresponding position are hatch frame, load material or protective agent according to reaction needed between urceolus and the inner core.

2, according to the described delay sump of claim 1, it is characterized in that described sump distribution bottom is the slab construction of perforate, profile and reactor cross section shape adapt.

3,, it is characterized in that described sump adopts welding, is threaded or the flange type of attachment with the sump distribution bottom according to the described delay sump of claim 1.

4,, it is characterized in that described sump urceolus and inner core are circle or polygon according to the described delay sump of claim 1.

5,, it is characterized in that the cover tube bottom is provided with seal base between described sump urceolus and the inner core, or utilize the sump distribution bottom as its seal base according to the described delay sump of claim 1.

6,, it is characterized in that the spout hole on described sump urceolus and the inner core sidewall evenly distributes according to the described delay sump of claim 1.

7,, it is characterized in that described spout hole is circular hole, square hole, tri-angle-holed or strip hole according to the described delay sump of claim 1.

8,, it is characterized in that described baffle plate cap is other shape of flat board, tapered cap or different curve types of attachment according to the described delay sump of claim 1.

9,, it is characterized in that described baffle plate cap is fixed on the sump with dismountable connected mode according to the described delay sump of claim 1.

10, according to the described delay sump of claim 1; the quantity that it is characterized in that described sump; sump inner/outer tube shape, diameter and height; spout hole pore size and quantity on the sump inner/outer tube sidewall; the connected mode of sump and sump distribution bottom; filler or protectant type are determined according to the scale of reactor, the character of reaction mass.