CN1755317A - Reactive armor for heavy armored vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses reaction armour of heavy armored vehicle, which is characterized by the following: heiring and developing reaction armour from German; providing three units for antagonize the armour-piercing bullet and armour-breaking bullet; antagonizing the top-piercing bullet after strengthening the vehicle-carrying detecting system; realizing model pattern according to additional protection levels of different threat levels; the unit can be acted gap armour after antagonizing positively.

Description

A kind of reactive armor that is used for heavy armored vehicle

Affiliated technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of reactive armor that is used for heavy armored vehicle.

Background technology

At present, traditional sandwich style reactive armor of main battle tank is comparatively effective to the high explosive anti-tank cartridge in certain angle of impact scope protection, to stock formula kinetic energy penetrator nearly unavailable then.So various countries have dropped into the reactive armor of very big strength developing new, according to Modern Weaponry 1993.10 contained (see figure 1)s, the new-type reactive armor structure of a disclosed part has just adopted a lot of new principles in the world inventions patent at that time.Wherein the computer-controlled reactive armor of Germany's invention (armoring hereinafter to be referred as Germany) has used Monroe effect, be that the cumulative cutting charge cuts off stock formula armor-piercing bullet or the high explosive anti-tank cartridge jet direction is attacked in change, and strengthen having the transverse movement+impact that flies plate to continue from its point of impact penetration to intercept follow-up stock/jet, the horizontal force that the back segment bullet core of armor-piercing bullet is applied more can make its appearance " sideslip ", even if can not it be stopped, also can make it when hitting thereafter, present " bouncing " phenomenon, active force is disperseed to be applied on the vast armoring area, alleviate the burden of unit are plate armour.But because:

1. the natural limitation that flies plate structure by employing can be judged and draws: be subject to and fly plate and interfere, it can only use the armoring unit of the big unidirectional size of minority at most of large tracts of land position, this can strengthen the probability that armoring unit area is subjected to two-hit, and significant adverse is in protection; If adopt the scale type structure,, when being applied to the car body front slope armor,, be difficult to satisfactory to both parties for the equipment that does not injure on gun turret or this direction can produce the situation that is unfavorable for this unit protection again though can reduce cellar area; (see figure 2)

2. what Germany was armoring flies plate by independent blast unit drives, and this flies plate and in a single day is used (being flown the plate powder charge blows up), just can not be reused, promptly also weakened in this locational passive protection ability, and yes that automotive occupant do not wish sees for this;

3. from the armoring structure that adopts the cumulative cutting charge of Germany, can not there be any armoring weak device in its cumulative cutting charge oral area the place ahead to avoid destroyed by square jet, from then on as seen, vehicle projection crest line is neighbouring will be the armoring cumulative cutting charge zone of Germany such as top and gun turret, these positions of vehicle body top edge around gun turret, the vehicle body.And energy-gathering jetting just can have stronger penetration ability after leaving powder charge one segment distance, directly hit the armoring powder charge position of Germany or nearer if attack bullet (comprising armor-piercing bullet and little incidence angle high explosive anti-tank cartridge) apart from powder charge, then Zhuan Jia effect can be had a greatly reduced quality, and promptly there is the poor efficiency district in it;

So shortcomings such as seen, the armoring prototype of Germany exists that the parts reuse is poor, suitable application region, zone of protection are limited.

Summary of the invention

For use Germany armoring resist the advanced principle of various sense and destroy armor balls with the cumulative cutting charge time overcome its original shortcoming, the present invention carries out a series of improvement to it.

At first be the problem of zone of protection, the technical solution used in the present invention is: oppositely install a unit through changing in the back, German armoring unit of a standard additional, thereby hit the bullet that the former poor efficiency district is passed with antagonism.Change the unit than Duo the plate shaped jet destruction powder charge that can ignite by cumulative cutting charge jet in the standard block; favour the offside that this unit cumulative cutting charge jet direction is placed in this unit cumulative cutting charge with the best angle that destroys jet; when cumulative cutting charge jet arrives, be detonated and stop it and pass through; can protect device (the still certain armor facing of need of this direction device certainly on this direction so to a great extent; otherwise it is still impaired unavoidably); make German plate armour use two-layer can the elimination to protect the poor efficiency district to multi-direction installation.In order to enlarge the effective protected area of individual unit, cumulative cutting charge opening angle is set and should be tended to make the jet of certain cutting power to form in short as far as possible distance, tends to brokenly first (cutting) ability and needn't resemble simply the high explosive anti-tank cartridge.

Be the problem of parts reuse then, the technical solution used in the present invention is: change the original plate that flies into the radial type structure, behind this unit active countermeasures, still can get back to original position at it like this, can attack the effect that still can play passive protection after bullet hits this unit area in next round, and this moment is except having a perforation, the similar spaced armor in this defence area, unit (if its back is exactly main armoring), secondary protective capacities are better than certainly and adopt the armoring secondary protective capacities of same progression Germany that flies plate structure.In order to keep the direct protective capacities of being concerned about of occupant constant, articulated slab can not adopt simple straight plate form (reduction of bullet shear rate and shape are unfavorable for side knock), and will adopt " V " shape, and the angle of " V " should be looked the angle of its back side plate armour and different.Do not destroyed for protection articulated slab syndeton, also should be equipped with jet in its vicinity and destroy powder charge by this unit cumulative cutting charge.The advantage that the ratio of radial type structure flies plate structure is its action of energy drives that can utilize this unit cumulative cutting charge or destroy powder charge, so just need not original to fly plate powder charge and apparatus to cause bursting accordingly, thereby simplifies the structure; Another advantage is the problem that has overcome flying plate type difficult arrangement above car body head---only needs add a flexible member and helps articulated slab to reset to get final product at the hinge place, even can make articulated slab behind the unit active countermeasures, utilize gravity to get back to original position, when protecting, play outer spaced armor next time.And can use limited block to prevent that articulated slab from excessively swinging the generation harmful effect.

Because articulated slab still need keep after resistance once directly hits (not comprising hinge position), so all certain requirement will be arranged to its material, size, put aside this deformed damaged in resisting of articulated slab, under the hinges of the articulated slab situation consistent, can calculate hinge diameter * hinge length (mm * mm)=30 * articulated slab thickness * (σ roughly with the strength calculation formula of pin with plate body material _{B (HIGH SPEED)}/ σ _s)/cos (critical damage predetermined angle) is an example with antagonism U.S. M829A1 armor-piercing bullet, and it plays core diameter 30mm, at articulated slab thickness 60mm, material σ b _{(HIGH SPEED)}/ σ _sBe 2, when the critical damage predetermined angle that requires hinge to resist is decided to be 60 °, representative value is near 7200, one packet size is to being the hinge length of 40mm hinge diameter and 180mm, the protection width of conservative definite armoring unit is 400mm, though this is worth than general sandwich style reactive armor greatly near one times, but because this value is the conservative estimation of making under the situation that the inventor has little understanding to a lot of armoring designing techniques, Specialty Design through the later stage, the suitable dimension of should being not difficult to reach---notice that be 60mm at this with the articulated slab thickness setting, if with its reduce to 30mm clearly this thickness suitable protection (not taking into account back plate thickness as yet) still can be provided, estimate roughly that then the result is just more reasonable.

Except the requirement to the cut-out ability of cumulative cutting charge, also having determined cumulative cutting charge in the armoring unit and jet to destroy powder charge to the requirement of the side direction interference function of articulated slab will have enough amounts.So if articulated slab is overweight, corresponding increase is also wanted in the powder charge in the unit, must be noted that the blast of unit can not bring disaster to adjacent unit and miscellaneous equipment this moment.

For the convenience on using, this plate armour adopts modular form, but because movable part is arranged, can not adopt traditional mode that is spirally connected, in case influence articulated slab or reduce the guard plot, can consider to be bonded on the main armour plate, and also can glue mutually between each unit with the metal-to-metal adhesive that is dissolved by certain innoxious solvent easily, the location is convenient each other, also is convenient to change.

The computer control that the armoring prototype of Germany adopts can be detonated armoring unit under non-direct hit situation, this obviously differs from the cumulative cutting charge that uses in conventional armoring characteristics and the unit and combine and make such plate armour to the popular and top ammunition of attacking that will propagate its belief on a large scale at present in the future the antagonism that obviously is better than the routine plate armour be arranged.This plate armour has been inherited this advantage, can record height, the angle of attack, the speed of attacking bullet by sensor special, machine is judged the responsive protective range that whether can directly hit vehicle roof altogether or skim over this car below certain altitude according to the trajectory result calculated as calculated, belong to both of these case if confirm it, just start the armoring unit that the cumulative cutting charge of appropriate location makes progress between in due course, the weak part that jet is reserved from articulated slab (be Fig. 3 " window " district 6.) passes to smash and attacks bullet.

A problem of be worth discussing is arranged: be no more than 2000m/s in stock bullet speed, the high explosive anti-tank cartridge jet is no more than 5000m/s, element thickness in a centimetre magnitude, promptly pass this unit time in μ s, and computer main frequency up to 1GHz, outer frequently whether need to resemble when 100MHz is above Germany armoring preposition sensor.It seems, whether need preposition depending primarily on from data acquisition to implementing the time delay that antagonism is produced, as long as postpone enough little, little to the penetration material that before reacting in the unit, passes through can not the penetrated cell rear main armoring, its length triggers the next unit that may exist after this unit inadequately simultaneously, so do not need preposition sensor, and sensing network can be laid in before and after the unit on the armour plate medial surface.This also means can the attenuate element thickness, thereby can reduce vehicle contour dimension when keeping protection.If necessary preposition sensor, can consider sensing unit of forward and reverse units shared, and preferred separately corresponding antagonism district is different, so that the group of being made up of these two unit can be resisted the preferred unit of bullet that hits for the first time its coverage, so total effect is better than Unit two fights separately, and can the attenuate gross thickness.Armoring the same with Germany, each armoring unit all needs separately holding wire and connects and control computer, all is to be related to the major issue that can armoring unit play a role to hard, the soft protection of holding wire.Use the built-in type wire laying mode at this, promptly plug is set at each back side, backboard hinge position, unit, with insert this unit behind applique armour unit header board or vehicle master plate armour on the socket that is provided with, because unit, the place ahead is in the most forward position all the time in a whole set of compound armor, so do not establish socket on unit, the place ahead header board.Holding wire can be copied clamshell phone by the method for hinge between each unit header board and the backboard, but this moment, the hinge number of revolutions was limited and be hit greatlyyer, and the emphasis that designs on the structure may be different.In unit and the temporary location logic gating circuit can be arranged in the wings, the sensing network of closing this unit when still having but the unit that do not lose efficacy identical with its antagonism hit area in this place ahead, unit transmits the path of signal to control computer (actual be on this unit backboard plug), and this path is left for the unit in this place ahead, unit, be convenient to the multiple-unit flexible combination like this, and this logic realization is got up and also is not difficult.

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of German armoring prototype;

Fig. 2 is the problem schematic diagram that occurs when adopting German armoring prototype;

Fig. 3,4,5,6, the 7th, the armoring cell schematics (herein being to represent) after improving by the structure of unit built-in sensors;

Fig. 8, the 9th, the schematic diagram of armor-piercing bullet is attacked in new armoring unit pairing back antagonism;

Figure 10 is that polyphone uses a plurality of armoring unit to carry out the schematic diagram of multilayer proofing;

Figure 11 is the profile schematic diagram that tank installs new plate armour additional;

Attention all should have end plate to prevent contiguous induced detonation in Germany's plate armour and armoring unit of the present invention side end, near the articulated slab of armoring unit, rear shown in Figure 3 in addition " window " in fact also has thin material to seal with sealing unit, each armoring unit may be provided with the articulated slab limited block when being used for particular location, do not exist for explaining that structure do not draw, being not equal among the figure.

1. pedestals among the figure; 2. parallel interval flies plate, the 3. sensing network of backboard face, 4.V type cumulative cutting charge; 5. fly the plate powder charge; 6. backboard, 7. header board, 8. the jet destruction powder charge of protection hinge arms; 9. the jet of protection backboard destroys powder charge; 10. the plug on the unit backboard, the socket on the 11. unit header boards, 12. armor-piercing bullets.

1. distinguishing zone when arranging that Germany is armoring in Fig. 2, mainly is that unidirectional size is no more than the first front portion of car of 300mm and the edge of large stretch of area; What 2. the district showed is to run into the problem that plate is interfered that flies at large stretch of area middle part when adopting the simple parallel alignment placement; What 3. the district showed is the problem that the simple large stretch of Germany of use armoring reduction secondary hits survival ability on large stretch of area; 4. district's demonstration is the problem that injures this car parts (shown here is gun tube) when adopting " fall the back " (opening direction of V-type cumulative cutting charge 4 is partial to this car top) alignment placement on large stretch of area; 5. the district shows is to adopt " leaning forward " (4 opening direction deviates from this car top) front upper place to be attacked during alignment placement the problem of bullet protective capacities weakness on large stretch of area.

Fig. 3 is the unit, rear in the new armoring unit block, 6. is window region; And temporary location shown in Figure 4 mainly is used for the multilayer stack, the difference of itself and unit, rear maximum is exactly not have " window " beehive-shaped charge and jet to destroy powder charge to be inverted, and used the used jet in unit, similar the place ahead to destroy powder charge 9, except can not resisting non-direct hit bullet, the ability that the temporary location antagonism directly hits bullet is identical with the unit, rear, and Figure 10 is seen in its use; Fig. 5,6, the 7th, 3 examples of unit, the place ahead, because mainly the 7 pairs of bullet back segments of attacking that downcut by V-type cumulative cutting charge 4 of header board by unit, the place ahead apply horizontal force, so the header board of unit, the place ahead is much thicker than unit, rear and temporary location, and preceding fin (promptly realizing the effect of aforesaid " V " shape articulated slab) is arranged to strengthen its function, shown in each figure is corresponding its 3 kinds of concrete forms being got of rear different angles master plate armour separately, in the hope of obtaining protection effect preferably.

Shown in Fig. 8,9 assembled unit that under inferior grade additional protection situation, (only uses the combination of unit, a place ahead and unit, a rear) to the different antagonism modes of the armor-piercing bullet that hits from diverse location.The hit location of Fig. 8 is comparatively favourable to the antagonism of unit, the place ahead; And the V-type cumulative cutting charge 4 of the obviously close unit, the place ahead of the hit location of Fig. 9, so resist by the unit, rear.No matter which unit antagonism; V-type cumulative cutting charge 4 blasts formation jet in it cuts off attacks bullet; destroy powder charge 8 or the 9 pairs of structures are protected (among the figure for giving expression) by the jet on its opposite; the air-flow that two charging explosions form promotes the hinge rotation of outside component unit around the antagonism unit; main 7 pairs of back segments of attacking bullet of header board of unit on the front apply horizontal force; make it can not follow the leading portion bullet and continue the penetration plate armour, and its kinetic energy is distributed on the big area of trying one's best.Interference to the high explosive anti-tank cartridge jet also has similar part therewith, because hinge plate motion speed is slower than explosive charge air velocity, in the motion state length of holding time, can when not influencing, obtain the ability of antagonism polyphone Shaped charge warhead when parameter matching is good to the high-performance bulletproof ability.

When a certain area surface is big to threatening, very naturally, should place more multi-layered armoring unit so that high-grade additional protection to be provided at this, and Fig. 5,6,7 and so on unit, the place ahead are because shape and weight reason can only be as outmost unit, and in a combination, can only use one, and unit, rear shown in Figure 3 uses because there be " window " to be unfavorable for being inverted, use temporary location shown in Figure 4 this moment, be used for carrying out the high-grade additional protection of opposed overlapping realization with unit, rear 3, its schematic diagram is seen Figure 10.The unit of noting beehive-shaped charge opening sensing vehicle body can only be unit, the place ahead and temporary location, and attack the function of top bullet with antagonism in order to utilize the unit, rear to leave " window ", the unit that the beehive-shaped charge opening deviates from vehicle body preferably all uses the unit, rear.Certainly, not very serious if threaten, can resemble and only use unit, the place ahead and rear unit combination that the additional protection of lower grade is provided Fig. 8,9.But note combination in any case, for resetting after realizing resisting, the hinge upside that must coexist.

Claims (4)

1. a reactive armor that is used for heavy armored vehicle has been inherited the method for a kind of reactive armor employing beehive-shaped charge of Germany, it is characterized in that: three kinds of unit that can make up mutually are provided, can have effectively resisted high explosive anti-tank cartridge and armor-piercing bullet.

2. reactive armor according to claim 1 unit is characterized in that: adopt two opposed overlapping arrangements in unit, to remedy protection poor efficiency district mutually; And in units corresponding, set up jet and destroyed powder charge (8) or (9).

3. reactive armor according to claim 1 unit, it is characterized in that: between each unit header board and backboard, adopted the radial type structure to be connected, and be provided with preceding fin on the unit forwardly, reserved on the unit in the wings and only be coated with than thin material, " window " that can pass for jet.

4. reactive armor according to claim 1 unit, it is characterized in that: adopted bonding way on the mode being connected to each other of each unit, adopted the connected mode of built-in type wiring, unit logic built gating circuit and plug (10), socket (11) simultaneously so that multiple-unit makes up the threat with the reply different brackets.

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