CN1753592A - Organic electrolumineescence component and display device containing said organic electroluminescence component - Google Patents
Organic electrolumineescence component and display device containing said organic electroluminescence component Download PDFInfo
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- CN1753592A CN1753592A CN 200510092761 CN200510092761A CN1753592A CN 1753592 A CN1753592 A CN 1753592A CN 200510092761 CN200510092761 CN 200510092761 CN 200510092761 A CN200510092761 A CN 200510092761A CN 1753592 A CN1753592 A CN 1753592A
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Abstract
In the invention, an organic electroluminescent element comprises a cathode, an anode, a light-emitting layer, a hole source and an electronic source. The light-emitting layer is disposed between the anode and cathode, and the hole source is disposed between the anode and the light-emitting layer. The electronic source disposed between the cathode and the light-emitting layer is made of at least one kind of organic material and at least one kind of salt. The salt has the concentration capable of changing with the space distribution in the electronic source, so that the concentration of the salt at the electronic near the cathode is higher than that at the electronic source near the light-emitting layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic electroluminescent element (organic electroluminescent device, OELD) and comprise the display unit of organic electroluminescent element, particularly relate to a kind of salt and in electron source, have one with the organic electroluminescent element of the concentration of changes in spatial distribution and comprise the display unit of organic electroluminescent element.
Background technology
About the exploitation aspect of OELD, because the material of negative electrode must be the metal of low work function, the reactivity of itself need be very strong, so early stage dealer is used as a good negative electrode alloy with the silver (probably with ten to one ratio) that magnesium adds a little.Yet the high response metal but utmost point is not suitable for being applied on the OELD technology, so the dealer as aluminium, is used as electron injection electrode subsequently with the metal of passivity.But minimum molecule orbital (the lowest unoccupiedmolecular orbital that do not fill up of the work function of the metal of this class and organic layer, LUMO) can not match on rank, one deck salt as thin as a wafer need be inserted in use in the historical facts or anecdotes border between aluminium and organic layer, as lithium fluoride (LiF).Thus,, can significantly promote electron injection efficiency, solve the unmatched problem of passive metal work function by the insulating properties initiation electrons tunnel effect (tunneling effect) of LiF.
Aspect the exploitation of electron transfer layer, the most powerful practice is the metal of doped high-activity in the organic electronic transferring material at present, as lithium (Li) or caesium (Cs), to form free radical anion and charge-transfer complex [radical anions and charge transfer (CT) complexes].Therefore, allow the operating voltage of element descend significantly.The electrical conductivity of elements doped lithium (Li) organic metal film is about 3 * 10
-5(S/cm), this represents that the carrier density (carrier density) in it may be up to 10
18(cm
-3).Yet because the chemism of caesium (Cs), lithium (Li), magnesium alkali gold such as (Mg) or alkaline earth metal is very high, and metal doping is dense very harsh, and deviation slightly will cause the significantly variation of element luminous efficiency and operation lifetime.Therefore, be not suitable on the hot evaporation process of large-scale application normal use of institute when making OELD.In addition, diffusion can take place and cause brightness quenching effect (luminance quenching effect) in organic luminous layer in the metal ion of doped layer under electric current is tended to act, and causes the luminous efficiency of element and operation lifetime to descend.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, purpose of the present invention be exactly provide a kind of organic electroluminescent element (organicelectroluminescent device, OELD) and comprise the display unit of organic electroluminescent element.Its esters has a design with the concentration of changes in spatial distribution in electron source, the concentration that can cause salt to be adjacent to the negative electrode place at electron source is adjacent to the concentration at luminescent layer place at electron source greater than salt.Thus, can promote the electron injection efficiency and the electron transport ability of electron source, and reduce the operating voltage of element, and prolong the operation lifetime of element.
According to purpose of the present invention, a kind of organic electroluminescent element is proposed, comprise an anode, a negative electrode, a luminescent layer, source, a hole and an electron source.Luminescent layer is arranged between anode and the negative electrode, and the source, hole is arranged between anode and the luminescent layer.Electron source is arranged between negative electrode and the luminescent layer, is made of at least one organic material and at least one salt.Salt has the concentration with changes in spatial distribution in electron source, cause salt to be adjacent to the concentration at negative electrode place at electron source greater than the concentration that is adjacent to the luminescent layer place at electron source.
According to a further object of the present invention, a kind of display unit is proposed, comprise a substrate and an organic electroluminescent element.Organic electroluminescent element is arranged on the substrate, and comprises an anode, a negative electrode, a luminescent layer, source, a hole and an electron source.Luminescent layer is arranged between anode and the negative electrode, and the source, hole is arranged between anode and the luminescent layer.Electron source is arranged between negative electrode and the luminescent layer, is made of at least one organic material and at least one salt.Salt has the concentration with changes in spatial distribution in electron source, cause salt to be adjacent to the concentration at negative electrode place at electron source greater than the concentration that is adjacent to the luminescent layer place at electron source.
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, following conjunction with figs. and preferred embodiment are to illustrate in greater detail the present invention.
Description of drawings
It is profile according to the display unit that comprises organic electroluminescent element of embodiments of the invention one that Fig. 1 illustrates;
It is profile according to the display unit that comprises organic electroluminescent element of embodiments of the invention two that Fig. 2 illustrates;
It is profile according to the display unit that comprises organic electroluminescent element of embodiments of the invention three that Fig. 3 illustrates; And
It is each color component of present embodiment and the comparison schematic diagram of each color component of comparative example on the relation curve of operating voltage and luminosity that Fig. 4 A～4C illustrates.
The simple symbol explanation
10,20,30: display unit
11: substrate
12: anode
13: negative electrode
14: luminescent layer
15: the source, hole
16,26,36: electron source
17: hole transmission layer
18: hole injection layer
19,29,39: organic electroluminescent element
26a: ground floor
26b: the second layer
26c: the 3rd layer
36 (1), 36 (2), 36 (i-1), 36 (i), 36 (i+1), 36 (N-1), 36 (N): layer
M: organic material
S: salt
C1, C2, C3: salt in electron source with the concentration of changes in spatial distribution
X1, Y1, Z (1): salt is adjacent to the concentration at negative electrode place at electron source
X2, Y2, Z (N): salt is adjacent to the concentration at luminescent layer place at electron source
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Please refer to Fig. 1, illustrating is to comprise organic electroluminescent element (organic electroluminescent device, the profile of display unit OELD) according to embodiments of the invention one.In Fig. 1, display unit 10 comprises a substrate 11 and an organic electroluminescent element 19, and organic electroluminescent element 19 is arranged on the substrate 11, and comprises an anode 12, a negative electrode 13, a luminescent layer 14, source, a hole 15 and an electron source 16.Wherein, it is that example explains that organic electroluminescent element 19 is arranged on the substrate 11 with anode 12, but the technology of present embodiment is not confined to this.For example, organic electroluminescent element 19 is arranged on the substrate 11 with negative electrode 13.Luminescent layer 14 is arranged between anode 12 and the negative electrode 13, and source, hole 15 is arranged between anode 12 and the luminescent layer 14.Electron source 16 is arranged between negative electrode 13 and the luminescent layer 14, is made of at least one organic material M and at least one salt S.Salt S has a concentration C 1 with changes in spatial distribution in electron source 16, cause salt S to be adjacent to the concentration X1 at negative electrode 13 places at electron source 16 greater than the concentration X2 that is adjacent to luminescent layer 14 places at electron source 16.Thus, can promote the electron injection efficiency and the electron transport ability of electron source 16, and reduce the operating voltage of organic electroluminescent element 19, and prolong the operation lifetime of organic electroluminescent element 19.
In the present embodiment, electron source 16 is a single layer structure.In addition, source, hole 15 also comprises a hole transmission layer 17 and a hole injection layer 18, and hole transmission layer 17 is arranged between anode 11 and the luminescent layer 14, and hole injection layer 18 is arranged between hole transmission layer 17 and the anode 11.
When X1 and X2 were respectively 100wt% and 0wt% in fact, a fraction of electron source 16 that expression is adjacent to negative electrode 13 places was made of salt S fully, does not contain any organic material M.And the electron source 16 that is adjacent to another fraction at luminescent layer 14 places is made of organic material M fully, does not contain any salt S.And the other parts of electron source 16 are made of jointly organic material M and salt S.Wherein, when X1 was essentially 100wt%, X2 can not be 0wt% in fact.In addition, when X2 was essentially 0wt%, X1 can not be 100wt% in fact.
Right present embodiment the technical staff in the technical field can also understand that the technology of present embodiment is not confined to this, and for example, salt S comprises an organic metal salt or an inorganic metal salt.In addition, salt S comprises an alkali metal group (IA) salt or an alkaline earth (IIA) salt.In addition, when salt S is the inorganic metal salt time-like, salt S can comprise sodium chloride (sodium chloride, NaCl), lithium fluoride (lithium fluoride, LiF), cesium fluoride (cesium fluoride, CsF), lithia (lithium oxide, Li
2O), barium fluoride (barium fluoride, BaF
2), strontium fluoride (strontium fluoride, CrF
2), magnesium fluoride (magnesium fluoride, Mg
F2), calcirm-fluoride (calcium fluoride, CaF
2) or calcium oxide (calcium oxide, CaO).That is to say that salt S is selected from least a or combination in any in the group that sodium chloride, lithium fluoride, cesium fluoride, lithia, barium fluoride, strontium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, calcirm-fluoride and calcium oxide form.In addition, when salt S is the organic metal salt time-like, salt can comprise lithium alkylide (alkyllithium), cesium carbonate (cesium carbonate, CsCO
3), cesium acetate (cesium acetate, H
3COOCs), potassium acetate (potassium acetate, H
3COOK) or sodium acetate (sodium acetate, H
3COONa).That is to say that salt S is selected from least a or combination in any in the group that lithium alkylide, cesium carbonate, cesium acetate, potassium acetate and sodium acetate form.Moreover the atomic number of the metal of salt S can be more than or equal to 19, and salt S comprises cesium fluoride, barium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, strontium fluoride, calcirm-fluoride, cesium acetate, potassium acetate or cesium carbonate.That is to say that salt S is selected from least a or combination in any in the group that cesium fluoride, barium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, strontium fluoride, calcirm-fluoride, cesium acetate, potassium acetate and cesium carbonate form.
Operational function aspect as for organic material M is simply described as follows at this.But organic material M transmission electronic, and the electron mobility of organic material M is haply greater than 10
-6(cm
2/ VS).In addition, organic material M is transmission electronic and hole simultaneously, and the electronics of organic material M and hole mobility are all haply greater than 10
-6(cm
2/ VS).
It should be noted that, in electron source 16, has a concentration C 1 with changes in spatial distribution based on salt S, and the salt S concentration X1 that is adjacent to negative electrode 13 places at electron source 16 is adjacent at electron source 16 greater than salt under the prerequisite of concentration X2 at luminescent layer 14 places, and electron source 14 can only be made of a kind of organic material and a kind of salt.In addition, electron source 14 can be made of a kind of organic material and multiple different salt.In addition, electron source 14 can be made of multiple different organic material and a kind of salt.Moreover electron source 14 can be made of multiple different organic material and multiple different salt.
Above-mentioned anode 12 and negative electrode 13 comprise metal, metal alloy or transparent conductive material, and at least one electrode is transparent or semitransparent electrode among anode 12 and the negative electrode 13.Above-mentioned transparent conductive material comprise indium tin oxide (indium tin oxide, ITO), indium-zinc oxide (indium zinc oxide, IZO), the cadmium tin-oxide (cadmium tin oxide, CTO), tin oxide (stannic dioxide, SnO
2) and zinc oxide (above-mentioned metal and metal alloy comprise gold (aurum for zinc oxide, similar transparent metal oxide such as ZnO), Au), silver (silver, Ag), aluminium (aluminum, Al), indium (indium, In), magnesium (magnesium, Mg) and calcium (calcium, Ca) etc.Wherein, negative electrode 13 can for electrical conductivity greater than 100 conductor, work function below 4.2 electron-volts (eV) metal or be mixed with the metal alloy that work function is the metal of 4.2 (eV).
When having only anode 12 when transparent or semitransparent, negative electrode 13 can be reflective metal, and then organic electroluminescent element 10 is the planar light emitting that places an order (bottom emissive device), and substrate 11 is necessary for transparent or semitransparent substrate.When having only negative electrode 13 when transparent or semitransparent, anode 12 can be reflective metal, and then organic electroluminescent element 10 is last single face light-emitting component (top emissivedevice), and substrate 11 can be transparent, translucent or nontransparent substrate.When anode 12 and negative electrode 13 when being transparent or semitransparent, organic electroluminescent element 10 is a double-side element (dual emissivedevice) up and down, and substrate 11 is necessary for transparent or semitransparent substrate.
The display unit 10 of present embodiment can be applied in computer screen, flat-surface television, monitoring screen, automobile-used type TV, mobile phone, the hand held game device, digital camera (digital camera, DC), digital Video Camera (digital video, DV), the digital broadcast device, personal digital assistant (personaldigital assistant, PDA), networking machine (webpad), mobile computer (notebook), palmtop computer, laptop computer, tablet computer (Table PC), the Portable image playing device, video cameras, the Portable information terminal device, on the electronic products such as digital video disc playing device and grenade instrumentation.
In the present embodiment, electron source 16 is to mix with atomic number with organic material with electron transport ability to form greater than 17 alkali gold or alkaline earth metal salt.Because alkali gold, alkaline earth metal salt have high activity during not like its metallic state so, therefore can not run into the problem that is difficult to be applied in the skill formerly on the actual process.In addition, the character of electron source 16 has the effect of integration for the heterogeneous interface between original organic material/salt between pure salt individual layer and pure organic monolayer.In addition, the metallic atom preface of the salt in being entrained in electron source 16 is more than or equal to 17 the time because the volume of this metal ion is bigger, so and the ionic bond between anion can be a little less than.In being entrained in electron source 16, the effect that is similar to doping simple metal ion be can result from, thereby the conductance and the electron transport ability of organic material significantly promoted.On the contrary, when the atomic number of metal less than 17 the time, then may because and electronegative interionic ionic bond be difficult for dissociating into the ion of metallic state too by force, but present embodiment is not confined to this.
Above each point is seen it, and the electron source 16 of present embodiment has good electron injection efficiency and electron transport ability, and please improve the many shortcomings in the Prior Art.
Embodiment two
Please refer to Fig. 2, illustrating is profile according to the display unit that comprises organic electroluminescent element of embodiments of the invention two.The display unit 20 of present embodiment is organic electroluminescent element 29 with display unit 10 differences of embodiment one, and the organic electroluminescent element 29 of present embodiment and organic electroluminescent element 19 differences of embodiment one are electron source 26.As for other identical constitutive requirements, continue to continue to use label, and repeat no more.
In Fig. 2, electron source 26 is arranged between negative electrode 13 and the luminescent layer 14, is made of at least one organic material M and at least one salt S.Salt S has a concentration C 2 with changes in spatial distribution in electron source 26, cause salt S to be adjacent to the concentration Y1 at negative electrode 13 places at electron source 16 greater than the concentration Y2 that is adjacent to luminescent layer 14 places at electron source 26.Thus, can promote the electron injection efficiency and the electron transport ability of electron source 26, and reduce the operating voltage of organic electroluminescent element 29, and prolong the operation lifetime of organic electroluminescent element 29.
In the present embodiment, electron source 26 comprises a ground floor 26a, a second layer 26b and one the 3rd layer of 26c, ground floor 26a and second layer 26b are respectively in abutting connection with negative electrode 13 and luminescent layer 14, and the concentration Y1 of salt S in ground floor 26a is greater than the concentration Y2 of salt S in second layer 26b.The 3rd layer of 26c is arranged between ground floor 26a and the second layer 26b, and the concentration Y3 of salt S in the 3rd layer of 26c is between the concentration Y1 and salt S concentration Y2 among second layer 26bs of salt S in ground floor 26a.
When Y1 and Y2 were respectively 100wt% and 0wt% in fact, expression ground floor 26a was made of salt S fully, does not contain any organic material M.And second layer 26b is made of organic material M fully, does not contain any salt S.And the 3rd layer of 26c is made of jointly organic material M and salt S, and the concentration Y3 of salt S in the 3rd layer of 26c is in fact between 0wt% and 100wt%.Wherein, when Y1 was essentially 100wt%, Y2 can not be 0wt% in fact.In addition, when Y2 was essentially 0wt%, Y1 can not be 100wt% in fact.
Right present embodiment the technical staff in the technical field can also understand that the technology of present embodiment is not confined to this, when for example Y1 and Y2 were not respectively 100wt% and 0wt% in fact, ground floor 26a, second layer 26b and the 3rd layer of 26c can be made of a kind of organic material and a kind of salt.In addition, ground floor 26a, second layer 26b and the 3rd layer of 26c can be made of a kind of organic material and multiple different salt.In addition, ground floor 26a, second layer 26b and the 3rd layer of 26c can be made of multiple different organic material and a kind of salt.Moreover ground floor 26a, second layer 26b and the 3rd layer of 26c can be made of multiple different organic material and multiple different salt.Wherein, the salt of ground floor 26a, second layer 26b and the 3rd layer of 26c can be identical or different, and the organic material of ground floor 26a, second layer 26b and the 3rd layer of 26c can be identical or different.
When Y1 and Y2 were respectively 100wt% and 0wt% in fact, ground floor 26a can be made of one or more different salts, and second layer 26b can be made of one or more different organic materials.In addition, the 3rd layer of 26c can be made of a kind of organic material and multiple different salt.In addition, the 3rd layer of 26c can be made of multiple different organic material and a kind of salt.Moreover the 3rd layer of 26c can be made of multiple different organic material and multiple different salt.Wherein, the salt of ground floor 26a and the 3rd layer of 26c can be identical or different, and the organic material of second layer 26b and the 3rd layer of 26c can be identical or different.
Though present embodiment with the concentration Y3 of salt S in the 3rd layer of 26c between salt S in ground floor 26a concentration Y1 and the concentration Y2 of salt S in second layer 26b between be that example explains, the technology of present embodiment is not confined to this.For example, the concentration Y3 of salt S in the 3rd layer of 26c can be equal to the concentration Y1 of salt S in ground floor 26a, but greater than the concentration Y2 of salt S in second layer 26b.Or the concentration Y3 of salt S in the 3rd layer of 26c can be equal to the concentration Y2 of salt S in second layer 26b, but less than the concentration Y1 of salt S in ground floor 26a.
Embodiment three
Please refer to Fig. 3, illustrating is profile according to the display unit that comprises organic electroluminescent element of embodiments of the invention three.The display unit 30 of present embodiment is organic electroluminescent element 39 with display unit 20 differences of embodiment two, and the organic electroluminescent element 39 of present embodiment and organic electroluminescent element 29 differences of embodiment two are electron source 36.As for other identical constitutive requirements, continue to continue to use label, and repeat no more.
In Fig. 3, electron source 36 is arranged between negative electrode 13 and the luminescent layer 14, is made of at least one organic material M and at least one salt S.Salt S has a concentration C 3 with changes in spatial distribution in electron source 36, cause salt S to be adjacent to the concentration at negative electrode 13 places at electron source 36 greater than the concentration that is adjacent to luminescent layer 14 places at electron source 36.Thus, can promote the electron injection efficiency and the electron transport ability of electron source 36, and reduce the operating voltage of organic electroluminescent element 39, and prolong the operation lifetime of organic electroluminescent element 39.
In the present embodiment, electron source 36 comprises several layers, the change in concentration of salt S in these a little layers, and the high concentration from one deck of adjacency negative electrode 13 is successively decreased gradually toward the low concentration in another layer that is adjacent to luminescent layer 14.For example, the concentration of salt S is successively successively decreased toward another layer that is adjacent to luminescent layer 14 by one deck of adjacency negative electrode 13.In addition, in electron source 36, except with negative electrode 13 and luminescent layer 14 adjacency those two layers, salt S can be identical in all the other adjacent or non-conterminous any two layers concentration.
Suppose that electron source 36 comprises the N layer, formed that the value of N is the positive integer greater than 3 by layer 36 (1)～36 (N).Layer 36 (1) and 36 (N) are respectively in abutting connection with negative electrode 13 and luminescent layer 14, and the concentration of salt S in layer 36 (1) is Z (1), and promptly salt S is adjacent to the concentration at negative electrode 13 places at electron source 36.The concentration of salt S in layer 36 (N) is Z (N), and promptly salt S is adjacent to the concentration at luminescent layer 14 places at electron source 36.Therefore, the salt S concentration Z (1) that is adjacent to negative electrode 13 places at electron source 36 is adjacent to the concentration Z (N) at luminescent layer 14 places at electron source 36 greater than salt.Layer 36 (i) are arranged between layer 36 (i-1) and 36 (i+1), and the value of i is 2～N-1, and the concentration Z (i) of salt S in layer 36 (i) be less than the concentration Z (i-1) of salt S in layer 36 (i-1), but greater than the concentration Z (i+1) of salt S in layer 36 (i+1).Wherein, the concentration Z (2) of salt S in layer 36 (2) can be less than or equal to the concentration Z (1) of salt S in layer 36 (1), and the concentration Z (N-1) of salt S in layer 36 (N-1) can be more than or equal to the concentration Z (N) of salt S in layer 36 (N).
When Z (1) and Z (N) were respectively 100wt% and 0wt% in fact, presentation layer 36 (1) was made of salt S fully, does not contain any organic material M.And layer 36 (N) are made of organic material M fully, do not contain any salt S.And layer 36 (i) are made of jointly organic material M and salt S.Wherein, as Z (1) when being essentially 100wt%, Z (N) can not be 0wt% in fact.In addition, as Z (N) when being essentially 0wt%, Z (1) can not be 100wt% in fact.
Right present embodiment the technical staff in the technical field can also understand that the technology of present embodiment is not confined to this, when for example Z (1) and Z (N) were not respectively 100wt% and 0wt% in fact, layer 36 (1)～36 (N) can be made of a kind of organic material and a kind of salt.In addition, layer 36 (1)～36 (N) can be made of a kind of organic material and multiple different salt.In addition, layer 36 (1)～36 (N) can be made of multiple different organic material and a kind of salt.Moreover layer 36 (1)～36 (N) can be made of multiple different organic material and multiple different salt.Wherein, the salt of each layer of layer 36 (1)～36 (N) can be identical or different, and the organic material of each layer of layer 36 (1)～36 (N) can be identical or different.
When Z (1) and Z (N) were respectively 100wt% and 0wt% in fact, layer 36 (1) can be made of one or more different salts, and layer 36 (N) can be made of one or more different organic materials.In addition, layer 36 (i) can be made of a kind of organic material and multiple different salt, and the value of i is 2～N-1.In addition, layer 36 (i) can be made of multiple different organic material and a kind of salt, and the value of i is 2～N-1.Moreover layer 36 (i) can be made of multiple different organic material and multiple different salt, and the value of i is 2～N-1.Wherein, the salt of layer 36 (1) and 36 (i) can be identical or different, and the organic material of layer 36 (N) and 36 (i) can be identical or different, and the value of i is 2～N-1.
As for the electron injection efficiency and the electron transport ability of the electron source of the foregoing description, be that example explains at this electron source 16, and make red (R) element, green (G) element and blue element embodiment elements such as (B) with organic illuminating element 19.In addition, the corresponding relatively operating voltage of each color component of each color component of present embodiment and the relation of luminosity with each color component in the comparative example.In the present embodiment, each color component of present embodiment is respectively with indium tin oxide (indium tin oxide, ITO), the composite cathode that constituted of lithium fluoride (LiF) and aluminium (Al) is as anode 12 and negative electrode 13, and be salt S and organic material M with cesium fluoride and Dinaphthyl anthrathene (ADN) respectively, constitute above-mentioned electron source 16.Wherein, the luminescent layer of being used as red element, green components and blue element in present embodiment and the comparative example respectively with the RGB luminescent material.Caesium is the alkali metal group metal of atomic number 55, and the doping ratio of cesium fluoride in electron source 16 is essentially 20wt%, and ADN is a kind of organic material that has transmission electronic and hole ability simultaneously.In addition, each color component difference of each color component of comparative example and present embodiment is electron source, and the electron source of comparative example element only is used as electron transfer layer with traditional organic material, as 8-tris-hydroxyquinoline aluminum (Alq
3).Different operating voltages is applied on each color component of present embodiment and each color component of comparative example, to observe each color component of present embodiment and the luminosity of each color component of comparative example under different operating voltage.
Please be simultaneously with reference to Fig. 4 A～4C, it illustrates is each color component of present embodiment and the comparison schematic diagram of each color component of comparative example on the relation curve of operating voltage and luminosity.Can know from Fig. 4 A～4C, between operating voltage 3～6 volts (V), descend, if be applied on each color component of present embodiment and each color component of comparative example, can find that the luminosity of each color component of present embodiment and each color component of comparative example is taller than the luminosity of each color component of comparative example accordingly with same operating voltage.In other words, if will make each color component of present embodiment and each color component of comparative example have identical luminosity accordingly the time, required than each color component of the comparative example accordingly operating voltage of the required operating voltage of each color component of present embodiment is also low.So the electron source 16 of present embodiment has preferable electron injection efficiency and electron transport ability than the electron transfer layer of comparative example really, and each color component of present embodiment can reduce required operating voltage widely after using electron source 16.Also have good electron injection efficiency and electron transport ability equally as for electron source 26 and 36, and after organic electroluminescent element 29 and 39 uses electron source 26 and 36 respectively, equally can reduce required operating voltage widely.
Therefore, no matter be red element, green components or blue element, each color component of present embodiment has the phenomenon that moves to left than each color component of comparative example at the relation curve of operating voltage and luminosity on the relation curve of operating voltage and luminosity.This represents each color component of present embodiment behind the electron source 16 that uses present embodiment, and its operating voltage all obtains to descend.
The disclosed organic electroluminescent element of the above embodiment of the present invention and comprise the display unit of organic electroluminescent element, its esters has a design with the concentration of changes in spatial distribution in electron source, the concentration that can cause salt to be adjacent to the negative electrode place at electron source is adjacent to the concentration at luminescent layer place at electron source greater than salt.Thus, can promote the electron injection efficiency and the electron transport ability of electron source, and reduce the operating voltage of element, and prolong the operation lifetime of element.
Though it is that example explains that the foregoing description is applied on the organic electroluminescent element with electron source, the disclosed electron source of the foregoing description also can be used on other electronic product that needs electronics injection and transfer function.
In sum; though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment; yet it is not in order to limit the present invention; those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can do a little change and retouching, thus protection scope of the present invention should with accompanying Claim the person of being defined be as the criterion.
Claims (22)
1. organic electroluminescent element comprises:
One anode and a negative electrode;
One luminescent layer is arranged between this anode and this negative electrode;
Source, one hole is arranged between this anode and this luminescent layer; And
One electron source, be arranged between this negative electrode and this luminescent layer, constituted by at least one organic material and at least one salt, and this salt has the concentration with changes in spatial distribution in this electron source, causes this salt to be adjacent to the concentration at this negative electrode place at this electron source greater than the concentration that is adjacent to this luminescent layer place at this electron source.
2. organic electroluminescent element as claimed in claim 1, wherein this salt comprises an organic metal salt or an inorganic metal salt.
3. organic electroluminescent element as claimed in claim 2, wherein this salt comprises an alkali metal group salt or an alkaline earth salt.
4. organic electroluminescent element as claimed in claim 2, wherein this inorganic metal salt comprises sodium chloride, lithium fluoride, cesium fluoride, lithia, barium fluoride, strontium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, calcirm-fluoride or calcium oxide.
5. organic electroluminescent element as claimed in claim 2, wherein this organic metal salt comprises lithium alkylide, cesium carbonate, cesium acetate, potassium acetate or sodium acetate.
6. organic electroluminescent element as claimed in claim 2, wherein the atomic number of the metal of this salt is more than or equal to 19.
7. organic electroluminescent element as claimed in claim 6, wherein this salt comprises cesium fluoride, barium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, strontium fluoride, calcirm-fluoride, cesium acetate, potassium acetate or cesium carbonate.
8. organic electroluminescent element as claimed in claim 1, but this organic material transmission electronic wherein, and the electron mobility of this organic material is haply greater than 10
-6Cm
2/ VS.
9. organic electroluminescent element as claimed in claim 1, wherein simultaneously transmission electronic and hole of this organic material, and the electronics of this organic material and hole mobility are all haply greater than 10
-6Cm
2/ VS.
10. organic electroluminescent element as claimed in claim 1, wherein this source, hole comprises a hole transmission layer and a hole injection layer.
11. organic electroluminescent element as claimed in claim 1, wherein this electron source comprises at least:
One ground floor and a second layer, respectively in abutting connection with this negative electrode and this luminescent layer, the concentration of this salt in this ground floor is greater than the concentration of this salt in this second layer; And
One the 3rd layer, be arranged between this ground floor and this second layer, the concentration of this salt in the 3rd layer is between the concentration and this salt concentration in this second layer of this salt in this ground floor.
12. organic electroluminescent element as claimed in claim 1, wherein this electron source comprises a plurality of layers, in one deck of this negative electrode, be made of this salt, and the concentration in another layer that is adjacent to this luminescent layer is successively decreased gradually.
13. a display unit comprises:
One substrate; And
One organic electroluminescent element is arranged on this substrate, and this organic electroluminescent element comprises:
One anode and a negative electrode;
One luminescent layer is arranged between this anode and this negative electrode;
Source, one hole is arranged between this anode and this luminescent layer; And
One electron source, be arranged between this negative electrode and this luminescent layer, constituted by an organic material and a salt, and this salt has the concentration with changes in spatial distribution in this electron source, causes this salt to be adjacent to the concentration at this negative electrode place at this electron source greater than the concentration that is adjacent to this luminescent layer place at this electron source.
14. display unit as claimed in claim 13, wherein this salt comprises an organic metal salt or an inorganic metal salt.
15. display unit as claimed in claim 14, wherein this salt is an alkali metal group salt or an alkaline earth salt.
16. display unit as claimed in claim 14, wherein the atomic number of the metal of this salt is more than or equal to 19.
17. display unit as claimed in claim 16, wherein this salt comprises cesium fluoride, barium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, strontium fluoride, calcirm-fluoride, cesium acetate, potassium acetate or cesium carbonate.
18. display unit as claimed in claim 13, but this organic material transmission electronic wherein, and the electron mobility of this organic material is haply greater than 10
-6Cm
2/ VS.
19. display unit as claimed in claim 13, wherein simultaneously transmission electronic and hole of this organic material, and the electronics of this organic material and hole mobility are all haply greater than 10
-6Cm
2/ VS.
20. display unit as claimed in claim 13, wherein this source, hole comprises a hole transmission layer and a hole injection layer.
21. display unit as claimed in claim 13, wherein this electron source comprises at least:
One ground floor and a second layer, respectively in abutting connection with this negative electrode and this luminescent layer, the concentration of this salt in this ground floor is greater than the concentration of this salt in this second layer; And
One the 3rd layer, be arranged between this ground floor and this second layer, the concentration of this salt in the 3rd layer is between the concentration and this salt concentration in this second layer of this salt in this ground floor.
22. display unit as claimed in claim 13, wherein this electron source comprises a plurality of layers, in one deck of this negative electrode, be made of this salt, and the concentration in another layer that is adjacent to this luminescent layer is successively decreased gradually.
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| CNB2005100927615A CN100508679C (en) | 2005-08-23 | 2005-08-23 | Organic organic electro-luminescence device and display device containing said organic electroluminescence component |
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| CN100508679C CN100508679C (en) | 2009-07-01 |
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