CN1753575A - Electric loudspeaker having open box for lowing resonance frequency in cone frame - Google Patents

Electric loudspeaker having open box for lowing resonance frequency in cone frame Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1753575A
CN1753575A CNA2004100788745A CN200410078874A CN1753575A CN 1753575 A CN1753575 A CN 1753575A CN A2004100788745 A CNA2004100788745 A CN A2004100788745A CN 200410078874 A CN200410078874 A CN 200410078874A CN 1753575 A CN1753575 A CN 1753575A
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opening box
cone
electrodynamic loudspeaker
hertz
voice coil
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CNA2004100788745A
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CN1753575B (en
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魏援
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Abstract

In the invention, small-volume open cabinets are mounted outside and inside the basin support of the loud-speaker to lower the resonant frequency of the loud-speaker, so as to solve the problem of the loud-speaker resonant frequency being a little higher. The invention can also use the magnet steel, the basin support and the vibrating system of the traditional electric loud-speaker to lower the resonant frequency of the traditional speaker, so as to realize the miniaturization of the low resonant frequency speaker.

Description

Electric loudspeaker having open box for lowing resonance frequency in cone frame
Technical field
Loud speaker.
Background technology
At present, known electrodynamic loudspeaker is made up of vibrational system and magnetic circuit system two parts.Electrodynamic loudspeaker is simple in structure, and vibration situation complexity is a sport technique segment the weakest in the sound system always, and particularly the low-frequency resonant frequency is higher, can not satisfy instructions for use.
The range of sounds that people's ear can be heard be 20 hertz to 20 KHz, the double bass frequency of piano is 27.5 hertz.Audio amplifier will well be play the traditional instrument double bass or effective frequency range is extended to below 20 hertz, then requires the electrodynamic loudspeaker resonance frequency of vanning to be reduced near below 20 hertz or 20 hertz.
Reduce the resonance frequency of electrodynamic loudspeaker,, must strengthen the equivalent mass and the equivalent force of speaker vibration system according to the operation principle of electrodynamic loudspeaker.Widely used high compliance loud speaker, the vibrational system equivalent force is very big, and it is also difficult to strengthen the vibrational system equivalent mass: establish one 300 millimeters bore electrodynamic loudspeakers, resonance frequency is 36 hertz, reduce to 18 hertz to resonance frequency, then the speaker vibration system equivalent mass will improve 4 times.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the existing higher deficiency of electrodynamic loudspeaker resonance frequency, the invention provides a kind of electrodynamic loudspeaker, this electrodynamic loudspeaker resonance frequency is very low, and can use magnet steel, basin frame, the vibrational system of conventional electric loud speaker, does not increase the vibrational system quality.As: one 300 millimeters bore electrodynamic loudspeakers, 36 hertz of resonance frequencys do not increase the vibrational system quality, use the present invention, resonance frequency can be reduced to below 18 hertz.
Invention will reduce the electrodynamic loudspeaker resonance frequency from finding, whether must study the other factors of influential known electronic harmonic frequency of loudspeakers and how control with this factor.In experiment, find two strange phenomenons:
1. an internal volume closes case for 120 liters, 300 millimeters of electrodynamic loudspeaker bores (36 hertz of resonance frequencys), 50 hertz of audio amplifier resonance frequencys.Do an experiment, need reduce the audio amplifier volume,, put into the case filling space with books the audio amplifier horizontal positioned, when most of space filling finishes, the loud speaker of packing into test, the audio amplifier resonance frequency descends significantly.
2. be resonance frequency pack into the casees that close of 15 liters of internal volumes of 200 millimeters bore electrodynamic loudspeakers of 45 hertz, low frequency resonance peak do not occur.Constantly increase sound-absorbing material in the audio amplifier, up to almost the sound-absorbing material compacting time, the audio amplifier mechanical resistance is very big, and dischargeable capacity is very little, and audio amplifier frequency response curve low frequency end promotes on the contrary and extends to low.
Above audio amplifier volume reduces, and strange phenomenon and audio amplifier design theory that resonance frequency descends are runed counter to.This explanation also has other to influence the factor of audio amplifier resonance frequency.It should be the low frequency standing wave.Electrodynamic loudspeaker is having under air, dress baffle (or not adorning baffle), the free space condition, influences the factor of cone vibration:
1. air drag.
2. vibrational system mechanical resistance.
3. standing wave.
Standing wave forms the resistance (all there is standing wave on cone two sides) opposite with the cone direction of vibration, reduces the cone amplitude.The high more decay of frequency of sound wave is big more, and standing wave frequency low-intensity more is high more.The influence of standing wave may also be one of reason of electrodynamic loudspeaker efficient very low (a few percent or littler).Reduce intensity of standing wave, reduce the cone vibration resistance, can reduce harmonic frequency of loudspeakers.
Two problems that often occur in the audio amplifier technical data:
1. one close case, behind the placement sound-absorbing material, the audio amplifier resonance frequency descends, and is equivalent to increase tank-volumes in the case.
2. one close case, use same electrodynamic loudspeaker, the casing internal volume is constant, the sound-absorbing material mass conservation, and shape, the dimension scale of change audio amplifier, the resonance frequency of audio amplifier can change.
This two problems are contradiction seemingly, but can explain with the influence of standing wave.Transmitted wave and reflected wave phase difference 180 degree form standing wave, and the low transmission loss is more little more for the standing wave frequency, and intensity is high more.The low frequency standing wave forces diffuser to reduce amplitude, and resonance frequency is raise.One closes and has placed sound-absorbing material (frequency of sound wave is low more, and acoustic absorptivity is more little, and sound-absorbing effect is poor more) in the case, has reduced the low frequency intensity of standing wave, and the audio amplifier resonance frequency is reduced, and is equivalent to increase tank-volumes.One closes the case constancy of volume, change shape, the dimension scale of audio amplifier, because of low-frequency sound wave could form standing wave through repeatedly reflecting in audio amplifier, change audio amplifier shape, dimension scale, can change order of reflection, the approach of low-frequency sound wave, change reflection loss, also changed the low frequency intensity of standing wave, the audio amplifier resonance frequency is changed.The essence that the audio amplifier resonance frequency changes is that harmonic frequency of loudspeakers changes.This explanation standing wave is the key factor that influences the electrodynamic loudspeaker resonance frequency.
Two experiments:
1. one 300 millimeters bore electrodynamic loudspeakers are installed on the little baffle from inside to outside, recording harmonic frequency of loudspeakers with constant flow method is 36 hertz (36 hertz of peak-to-peak value voltages is 0.5 volt, 100 hertz of peak-to-peak value voltages are 0.2 volt), progressively reduce release aperture area (diffuser face the aperture mask that has partly can be considered the open type audio amplifier), harmonic frequency of loudspeakers also decreases, when resonance frequency is reduced to 22 hertz, resonance peak voltage begins decline (can be considered the loud speaker mechanical resistance increases), the baffle release aperture area of this moment can be decided to be critical release aperture area (different bores, different resonance frequencys, different openings case volume, critical release aperture area are all different).
2. the electrodynamic loudspeaker of any bore little volume (volume is less than the cube of the loud speaker bore) opening box of packing into, changing the release aperture area is critical release aperture area, reduces the opening box volume again, can reduce harmonic frequency of loudspeakers.
More than experiment can increase the electrodynamic loudspeaker mechanical resistance, but harmonic frequency of loudspeakers reduction simultaneously is undoubtedly.Experiment does not increase the speaker vibration system quality, and loudspeaker vibration airload weight increases certainly, and what increase, and remains further research, but harmonic frequency of loudspeakers reduces to reduce with the low frequency intensity of standing wave easily and explains.
Above-mentioned experiment opening box release aperture is less, and casing has stopped that the outer bass reflex sound wave of a part of case arrives cone, has reduced the outer low frequency intensity of standing wave of case; The case internal volume reduces, and cone shortens to the reflective distance of casing, and acoustic reflection loss has repeatedly reduced low frequency intensity of standing wave in the case.The reduction of low frequency intensity of standing wave has reduced harmonic frequency of loudspeakers.Can draw 2 conclusions now:
1. reduce opening box release aperture area, can reduce harmonic frequency of loudspeakers.
2. reduce the opening box volume, can reduce harmonic frequency of loudspeakers.
Loud speaker is packed into behind the casing, and loud speaker just becomes as a whole with casing; Audio amplifier is exactly a loud speaker, and loud speaker is exactly an audio amplifier.In fact, any low frequency electrodynamic loudspeaker, all can be considered is the opening audio amplifier: diffuser is a loud speaker, the basin frame is casing (can be decided to be 0 opening box).
According to conclusion 1, reduce electrodynamic loudspeaker basin frame release aperture area, can reduce harmonic frequency of loudspeakers.The experiment electrodynamic loudspeaker only stays a release aperture (basin bridge joint coil holder position), the sealing of all the other basin frame release aperture, and the release aperture area is greater than critical release aperture area (hereinafter indication release aperture, the release aperture area is all greater than critical release aperture area).The result surveys as follows: one 300 millimeters bore electrodynamic loudspeaker resonance frequencys are reduced to 22 hertz (36 hertz of former resonance frequencys); One 200 millimeters bore electrodynamic loudspeaker resonance frequencys are reduced to 34 hertz (45 hertz of former resonance frequencys); One 100 millimeters bore electrodynamic loudspeaker resonance frequencys are reduced to 60 hertz (80 hertz of former resonance frequencys).(" falling the standing wave loud speaker " proposed application for a patent for invention on August 23rd, 2003 to reduce the electrodynamic loudspeaker tentative by name " falling the standing wave loud speaker " of basin frame release aperture area, application number: 031552307, title: falling standing wave does not have the staggered tuning coupling audio amplifier of resonance peak zero volume high-fidelity technology.By first trial).
According to conclusion 2, reduce " falling the standing wave loud speaker " basin frame internal capacity, can reduce harmonic frequency of loudspeakers.In " falling the standing wave loud speaker " basin frame, paste several rigid foams (foamed plastics and cone, centring disk keep certain distance), reduce basin frame internal capacity.The result surveys as follows: one 300 millimeters bores " fall the standing wave loud speaker ", and resonance frequency is reduced to 17 hertz (22 hertz of former resonance frequencys); One 200 millimeters bores fall " standing wave loud speaker " resonance frequency and reduce to 30 hertz (34 hertz of former resonance frequencys).
As can be seen, heavy caliber electrodynamic loudspeaker resonance frequency declines by a big margin, and 300 millimeters bore electrodynamic loudspeaker resonance frequencys are reduced to 17 hertz from 36 hertz.
Can on the basis that does not increase electrodynamic loudspeaker vibrational system quality, further reduce the resonance frequency of electrodynamic loudspeaker again? answer is sure.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical problem takes:
1. influence two key elements of opening box resonance frequency: volume, release aperture area.Reducing the preferred plan that the opening box volume reduces resonance frequency, is that opening box is installed to speaker frame inside.One cone shaped opening case (can be decided to be the 1st opening box) is installed behind diffuser, and the chamber interior wall tapering equals the diffuser tapering.Discharge hole is released in the cone shaped opening box top, and base portion and speaker frame are adhesively fixed.The distance at the cone shaped opening chamber interior wall and the diffuser back side be during more than or equal to loud speaker resonance the cone peak swing 1/2nd, this distance can be decided to be critical distance (vertical line distance between two taper shapes).The material requirements of cone shaped opening box body:
1) density of material is little.
2) certain mechanical strength is arranged.
3) bigger internally-damped.
2. the 2nd opening box is installed in electrodynamic loudspeaker basin frame: i.e. bonding installation one cylindrical opening case between cone shaped opening case (the 1st opening box) and voice coil loudspeaker voice coil centring disk outer rim, release discharge hole in voice coil loudspeaker voice coil lead-out wire direction.The 2nd opening box also can be considered the thickening of the 1st opening box tank wall and extends.The 1st opening box and the 2nd opening box can be made respectively, but also integral manufacturing, and material requirements is with scheme 1.Scheme 2 available solutions 1 the 1st opening box tank wall thickening extension replaces.This loud speaker is tentative by name: electric loudspeaker having open box for lowing resonance frequency in cone frame.
3. at the positive cone shaped opening case of installing of electrodynamic loudspeaker cone, the chamber interior wall tapering equals the diffuser tapering.Discharge hole (can strengthen the release aperture area, the release aperture edge will reduce the casing wall thickness) is released in the cone shaped opening box top, and base portion and speaker frame base portion are adhesively fixed.The distance in cone shaped opening chamber interior wall and diffuser front is a critical distance.Material requirements is with scheme 1.
4. change the electrodynamic loudspeaker basin and set up meter (being suitable for heavy caliber electrodynamic loudspeaker more than 250 millimeters), the basin frame is vertical with the centring disk outer rim to be cylindrical shape to cone critical distance place, change into taper shape (tapering is identical with cone) again, keep critical distance to basin frame that the limit is installed with cone.Only stay patch bay installation place one release aperture.Basin frame conical portion is as all or part of of the 1st opening box.
5. at electrodynamic loudspeaker basin frame the inboard, limit is installed, the 3rd opening box (or the 2nd opening box) is installed.Opening box is a cylindrical shape, and internal diameter equals the basin frame limit internal diameter is installed, and available plastic tube is made, and nozzle entangles speaker frame, releases discharge hole after the sealing of the tube end, and volume is a loud speaker bore three cubed 1/2nd.Release aperture is simultaneously as loud speaker lead-out wire hole.The 3rd opening box also can be installed in the audio amplifier, and as the part of audio amplifier, shape, material are any.
6. on electrodynamic loudspeaker the 3rd opening box, increase the 4th opening box (or the 3rd opening box).The 4th opening box shape, volume are with the 3rd opening box.Be adhesively fixed at the bottom of the 4th opening box nozzle and the 3rd opening box tube, the 4th opening box release aperture is as loud speaker lead-out wire hole.The 3rd opening box, the 4th opening box can wholely be made.The 4th opening box also can be installed in the audio amplifier, and as the part of audio amplifier, shape, material are any.Seal the 4th opening box release aperture, the 4th opening box just becomes to close case, and loud speaker becomes can play mega bass, fully independently the loudspeaker acoustic enclosure system.Loud speaker when closing case and independently use (or as the coordinative composition of equipments loud speaker can from after when installing forward), the 3rd opening box, the 4th closes case and can wholely make, but also split manufacturing, shape (can make full use of the device space arbitrarily, even can use any cross sectional shape, and the suitable plastic flexible pipe of area of section directly uses as the connection between the casing or as casing), volume can suitably dwindle or increase, can change profile according to installing middle and high sound loudspeaker unit size additional.Because tank-volumes is very little, and very big flexibility is arranged in practicality.
Above technical scheme is applicable to the high compliance electrodynamic loudspeaker (containing oval electrodynamic loudspeaker) of any bore.
Some explanation:
1. above technical scheme can be used singly or in combination as required:
1) scheme 5 can with scheme 1, scheme 2, scheme 3, scheme 4, common electric loud speaker, be used in combination respectively.
2) scheme 4 can with scheme 1, scheme 2, scheme 3, be used in combination respectively.
3) scheme 3 can with scheme 1, scheme 2, be used in combination respectively.
4) scheme 1, scheme 2 can be used in combination with scheme 5, scheme 6.
5) generally speaking, operational version 1, scheme 2 can satisfy instructions for use.
2. carry " critical release aperture area " in the literary composition and " critical distance " is not optimum value.Hereinafter used audio amplifier all is at random, and the audio amplifier volume is an internal volume, does not all deduct the loud speaker volume; Volume is not best volume.
3. must not the filling sound-absorbing material in the opening box, can paste sound-absorbing material at tank wall, to guarantee that air-flow is unimpeded between the release aperture.
4. the volume of each opening box, volume ratio, release aperture area, release aperture area ratio, release aperture channel thickness, the selection of material etc. remain further to be studied to optimize.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: simple in structure, do not increase electrodynamic loudspeaker vibrational system quality, reduce harmonic frequency of loudspeakers, and can use magnet steel, basin frame, the vibrational system of conventional electric loud speaker.Can reduce traditional audio amplifier resonance frequency, realize the miniaturization of low resonant frequency audio amplifier.
Illustrate:
1. one 120 sharp casees (closing case) use 300 millimeters bores, 36 hertz of electrodynamic loudspeakers of resonance frequency, 50 hertz of audio amplifier resonance frequencys.Loud speaker is after falling standing wave, subtracting the pelvic cavity volume and handle, and resonance frequency is reduced to 17 hertz by 36 hertz, and the audio amplifier resonance frequency is by reducing to 28 hertz from 50 hertz, and effective frequency range extends to below 20 hertz.
2. one 200 millimeters bores, 45 hertz of electrodynamic loudspeakers of resonance frequency, after scheme 1, scheme 2 repackings, resonance frequency is reduced to 21 hertz; The 15 sharp casees (closing case) of packing into, 35 hertz of audio amplifier resonance frequencys.1 watt of power of audio amplifier feed-in, for relatively convenient, the resonant frequency point frequency response is as 0 decibel.
0 decibel 35 hertz
-3 decibels 28 hertz
-6 decibels 22 hertz
-10 decibels 18 hertz
3. one 200 millimeters bores, 45 hertz of electrodynamic loudspeakers of resonance frequency are after scheme 1, scheme 2 repackings, resonance frequency is reduced to 21 hertz, with scheme 5, and 4 liter of the 3rd opening box of packing into, resonance frequency is reduced to 16 hertz, installs 4 liters additional with scheme 6 and closes case, and resonance frequency is 43 hertz.1 watt of power of loud speaker feed-in, the frequency response actual measurement is as follows:
0 decibel 43 hertz
-3 decibels 36 hertz
-6 decibels 30 hertz
-10 decibels 22 hertz
Embodiment
With 200 millimeters bore electric loudspeaker having open box for lowing resonance frequency in cone frame is example:
Experiment opening box 1 usefulness cuts off 200 millimeters bore same model loud speakers (southern whale YD220-8X) cone of cellular rubber ring and makes, move both vertically direction distance of 60 millimeters of center release aperture diameters (32 millimeters of loudspeaker voice coil diameters), opening box inwall and diffuser is 6 millimeters.For reducing the tank wall vibration, must strengthen tank wall thickness.Make the annulus that external diameter has nothing in common with each other in 4 roads with the airtight rigid foam plate of 5 millimeters thick, require annulus inner ring and opening box cone outer wall bonding, the annulus outer ring is side contacts when opening box is located and in the basin frame.4 road foamed plastics annulus become a complete casing with 704 fluid sealants and opening box cone outer wall are bonding, and the 2 road ring cuttings that external diameter is little go 80 millimeters, and breach is as release aperture and voice coil loudspeaker voice coil lead-out wire space.Opening box 1, but the manufacturing of plant produced disposable integral.
Experiment opening box 2 is made 3 road annulus with 5 millimeters thick plastic foamboards, requires internal radius identical with centring disk outer rim internal diameter, and the basin frame internal diameter when external diameter is located with annulus is identical.The bonding one-tenth tubular of 3 road rings integral body, the 2 road ring cuttings that external diameter is big go 80 millimeters, and breach is as release aperture.Opening box 2 is made but the plant produced one-shot forming is whole.But the also whole manufacturing of one-shot forming of opening box 1 and opening box 2.
Scheme 2, scheme 1, the basin frame up, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil is put into magnetic gap, between voice coil loudspeaker voice coil inboard and magnetic pole, be mutually 90 degree and insert 60 millimeters of length, 4 in wide 15 millimeters, thick 0.25 millimeter photographic paper, adjust the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil position, make voice coil loudspeaker voice coil coil centre position be in magnetic line of force centre position, the lead-out wire locality bend into lead-out wire in the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil towards basin bridge joint coil holder; The centring disk outer rim is bonded to the basin frame; Bonding centring disk inner edge and voice coil loudspeaker voice coil outer wall; At the bonding cylindrical opening case 2 of centring disk outer rim (scheme 2), opening box breach alignment patch bay position release aperture; Bonding opening box 1 (scheme 1) must not leak gas between opening box 1 and opening box 2, opening box 1 and the basin frame, opening box 1 tank wall breach alignment patch bay release aperture, and the vertical line distance between opening box 1 and cone is 6 millimeters; Cone cellular rubber limit outer rim is bonded on the basin frame limit; Bonding cone top margin and voice coil loudspeaker voice coil outer wall; After treating the bonded adhesives full solidification, make a call to 2 apertures by voice coil loudspeaker voice coil lead-out wire position, penetrate basin bridge joint coil holder copper litz wire, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil lead-out wire and copper litz wire are welded together blended rubber sealing cone through wires hole at cone; Remove 4 voice coil loudspeaker voice coil location paper slips; Bonding dust cover; Bonding basin frame limit foamed plastics guard ring.
The present invention is simple in structure, is the simple repetition of several opening boxes.Electrodynamic loudspeaker is 0 case chamber, and opening box 1, opening box 2 can be considered " case raising middle flask ", and opening box 3, opening box 4 can be considered " case outer container ".

Claims (6)

1. electrodynamic loudspeaker, in the basin frame, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, centring disk, " the 1st opening box ", cone are installed in proper order, it is characterized in that: a cone shaped opening case is installed at the cone back side, and discharge hole is released at the opening box top, and casing and basin frame are adhesively fixed.
2. electrodynamic loudspeaker according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a cylindrical shape " the 2nd opening box " is installed between " the 1st opening box " and centring disk outer rim, releases discharge hole in voice coil loudspeaker voice coil lead-out wire direction.
3. electrodynamic loudspeaker according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at the positive cone shaped opening case of installing of cone, discharge hole is released at the top, and base portion and speaker frame base portion are adhesively fixed.
4. electrodynamic loudspeaker according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: change the electrodynamic loudspeaker basin and set up meter, the basin frame only leaves a release aperture in the patch bay installation place, and basin frame tapering is identical with the cone tapering, makes basin frame cone become all or part of of " the 1st opening box ".
5. electrodynamic loudspeaker according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at electrodynamic loudspeaker basin frame limit installed inside one cylindrical shape " the 3rd opening box " (or " the 3rd opening box " is installed in audio amplifier, shape is any) is installed, discharge hole is released at a tube end.
6. electrodynamic loudspeaker according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: cylindrical shape " the 4th opening box " (or installation " the 4th opening box " in audio amplifier is installed at the bottom of electrodynamic loudspeaker " the 3rd opening box " case, shape is any), release discharge hole (or not releasing discharge hole) at the bottom of the case.
CN200410078874.5A 2004-09-26 2004-09-26 Electric loudspeaker having open box for lowing resonance frequency in cone frame Expired - Fee Related CN1753575B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200410078874.5A CN1753575B (en) 2004-09-26 2004-09-26 Electric loudspeaker having open box for lowing resonance frequency in cone frame

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CN1753575B CN1753575B (en) 2015-01-14

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2405389Y (en) * 2000-02-03 2000-11-08 王海燕 Loud speaker
CN1437427A (en) * 2002-02-08 2003-08-20 石丰山 New-type loudspeaker system
GB2387987A (en) * 2002-04-26 2003-10-29 Jason Noe Kia-Chong Boon Louspeaker with integral secondary diaphragm or which fits onto existing speaker cone
CN2618395Y (en) * 2003-05-29 2004-05-26 郝晋青 Backward power component absorption style medium and low spectrum loudspeaker

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2405389Y (en) * 2000-02-03 2000-11-08 王海燕 Loud speaker
CN1437427A (en) * 2002-02-08 2003-08-20 石丰山 New-type loudspeaker system
GB2387987A (en) * 2002-04-26 2003-10-29 Jason Noe Kia-Chong Boon Louspeaker with integral secondary diaphragm or which fits onto existing speaker cone
CN2618395Y (en) * 2003-05-29 2004-05-26 郝晋青 Backward power component absorption style medium and low spectrum loudspeaker

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