CN1748901A - Method for casting hollow mould - Google Patents
Method for casting hollow mould Download PDFInfo
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- CN1748901A CN1748901A CN 200510032256 CN200510032256A CN1748901A CN 1748901 A CN1748901 A CN 1748901A CN 200510032256 CN200510032256 CN 200510032256 CN 200510032256 A CN200510032256 A CN 200510032256A CN 1748901 A CN1748901 A CN 1748901A
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Abstract
The casting method with hollow mold is an improved solid mold casting method, which has reduced carbon generation, improved carbon exhaust and reduced recarburization of casting by means of one or several measures of improving casting mold, exhausting gas to reduce pressure and setting reasonable casting system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cavityless casting method; belong to gasified pattern casting or claim lost foam casting; refer in particular to a kind of combustible material (mould material) that utilizes and make apperance; apply the coating (shell) of making protectiveness by coating; carry out the method for Foundry Production, also can be applied in the investment casting method.
Background technology
Model casting and cavityless casting all are the Special Processes of Metal Castings technology in Foundry Production field, and they are to utilize solvable, fusible, combustible material (mould material) making apperance, apply the coating (shell) of making protectiveness by coating, carry out Foundry Production.Model casting and cavityless casting be because of having adopted disposable apperance, needn't be from casting mold delivery, cancelled pattern draft, do not have die joint; Adopt coating technology, improved the precision of foundry goods and improved surface roughness; Adopt melting welding, bonding assembling apperance process, flexible, be convenient to realize the manufacturing of complex parts, satisfy the maximum free degree design of part.Simultaneously, organization of production is various informative, can carry out single-piece, small quantities of, a large amount of production.Today, model casting and cavityless casting all got significant progress.Wherein, cavityless casting, i.e. gasified pattern casting or title lost foam casting are mainly used in the production of single-piece heavy castings.China is from middle 1960s, begun research and pilot production to cavityless casting by mechanical investigations institute and Shanghai manufacturing technology research institute.Mainly be to use the foamed plastics profile material in early days, be processed into the production that apperance is carried out cavityless casting." casting " 1972 the 5th phases have been introduced Shanghai Heavy Machinery Plant design thin rounded flakes milling cutter, vane type milling cutter, realize the low speed processing to foamed plastics." casting " 1973 the 1st phases have reported that Chengdu air compressor machine factory, Qiqihar two machine tool plants adopt cavityless casting to produce automobile air compressor, 409 automobile engine plastics mould and core boxes.1974 the 3rd phases " casting " have been published Suzhou steel plant and adopted cavityless casting to produce the article of 12m2 seal receptacle: the inside and outside fillet of foundry goods is with planing and Milling Process, reinforcement is made of flammable " putty ", self-hardening sand molding, put interior riser runner, derive the flue gas of foamed plastics gasification cracking, and adopting chimney to collect, binding agent adopts the good paraffin-rosin thermosol of quick-drying.Shanghai Machinery College " the anchor chain magnetic molding process engineer testing " article that " casting " 1975 the 2nd periodicals are stepped on: this test adopts the shot of 1-1.5mm to make roughing sand, and magnetic field power supply adopts the controllable silicon halfwave rectifier; Apperance is by the steamer foaming, makes the coating of curing agent, the anchor chain collar of production Φ 46mm with CMC modification 2127 resinoid bonds, mahogany acid.In addition, Shanghai Machinery College has also carried out adopting the experiment of the large-scale tungsten bur of ultra-thin shell coating magnetic molding process explained hereafter." casting " 1985 the 4th periodical literary compositions " vacuum full mold casting Processes and apparatus ", introduce the simple and easy production line of negative pressure real type phenolic that Changchun optical-mechanical research institute designs: apperance adopts the processing of sheet material foamed plastics, and milky white adhesive is bonding; Coating is prepared with silica flour, dextrin and milky white adhesive, the moulding of dried sand negative-pressure vibration ramming; Produce casting pig HT200 fire door seat, bearing and heat resisting steel, ZGCr9Si2ization aluminium crucible.Enter the nineties in 20th century, the upsurge that China has started cavityless casting research and used has been carried out a large amount of research to each links such as the model material of cavityless casting, moulding process, coating technology, tooling devices, has obtained certain achievement.The cavityless casting process has obtained to use more widely in China.But the residual carbon that the model material of cavityless casting produces when pyrolytic, residual carbon are easy to cause the apperance pyrolysis to form enrichment carbon, bring carbon defects to ironcasting, also can make the mild steel foundry goods produce the carburetting phenomenon.Especially the polyphenyl worker alkene foam of solid casting mold inside when the mild steel foundry goods is produced in cavityless casting, entered into the high-temperature molten steel vaporization of die cavity inside after, generation contains the gas of hydrocarbon in a large number, and mo(U)ld face is sealed by dope layer fully.Be stranded in the carbon atom of the hydrocarbon gas the inside of die cavity inside like this, just absorbed, and cause the carburetting of foundry goods body serious, the quality of foundry goods is descended, even do not reach desirable requirement by the high-temperature molten steel of die cavity inside.The necessary improvement.In patent documentation, still find no pass technology report.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to deficiency at existing cavityless casting method, propose a kind ofly can effectively solve the residual carbon that model material produces when pyrolytic, bring the cavityless casting method of carbon defects to ironcasting, this method can not only solve the residual carbon that model material produces when pyrolytic, bring the problem of carbon defects to ironcasting, can also make the mild steel foundry goods produce the carburetting phenomenon and effectively be solved.
Can learn that in the cavityless casting process, under the heat effect of liquid alloy, model material will take place to soften, fusing, vaporization, cracking, burning, form a series of liquid phase, solid phase and gas phase thermal decomposition product through experimental analysis.The composition of thermal decomposition product and the gas forming amount in die cavity are relevant with pyrolysis temperature, and thermal decomposition product produces significant effects to the quality of foundry goods, and model material is a key factor of cavityless casting.Model material should have: density is little, and thermal decomposition product is few, reduces flue gas and effluent; Certain intensity, the effect of opposing external force, the precision of assurance foundry goods; Low thermal conductivity reduces too quick decomposition and causes that casting mold subsides.In addition, the shape of apperance and the mode of layout are also very important, the model material of existing cavityless casting adopts solid combustible material to make, if change solid model material into hollow apperance, this will significantly reduce undoubtedly that model material is softening, formed thermal decomposition product when fusing, vaporization, cracking, burning, thereby reduce the formation of residual carbon, also can reduce cast carbon steel and produce the carburetting phenomenon.If be provided with rationally that running gate system and decompression exhaust system can solve effectively just in the cavityless casting that model material is softening, formed thermal decomposition product when fusing, vaporization, cracking, burning, produce the problem that residual carbon and cast carbon steel produce the carburetting phenomenon.
Therefore, according to implementer's case that purpose of the present invention proposed be: in cavityless casting, by remodeling decrement, exhaust decompression and running gate system reasonably is set, the measure of choosing more than one arbitrarily reduces the generation of the carbon in the cavityless casting, improve the discharge of carbon, reach and reduce the problem that residual carbon and cast carbon steel in the cavityless casting produce the carburetting phenomenon.
Wherein said remodeling decrement is:
1, casting mold decrement: taking into full account the shape of foundry goods, after the structural strength, reduce the consumption of foundry goods casting mold p-poly-phenyl vinyl foam or other foamed materials as much as possible, so-called remodeling decrement is exactly shape size, wall thickness, the quality requirement according to foundry goods, the layout of exhaust passage, exhaust effect, whether operation is convenient, and factors such as unit cost decide the variation of foam casting mold structure.In casting mold foam pieces entity, increase the part hole.Because the existence of these holes has also just correspondingly reduced inner this local foam of die cavity and has occupied total amount.The form of hole can take framework shape, paliform, cellular or the like other form to reduce the foam total amount of foam casting mold.
2, put a mouthful decrement: the material that original cavityless casting is put mouthful as feeding a casting changes the hollow mouth of putting of iron sheet or other material into, the space of putting mouth so both can hoard in right amount from the casting mold gas inside, can come the change of material again and reduce this local foam occupancy volume of whole casting mold, reduce the gas forming amount of casting mold internal foam.
Reduce the total amount of occupying of die cavity office polystyrene foam by the structure of improving the foam casting mold, to remedy raw-material defective, to reach the resistance ground that reduces gas forming amount in the die cavity, the material source that produces hydrocarbon because of die cavity is inner is a polystyrene foam.Reduced the foam total amount of die cavity inside,, reduced the gas forming amount of foam exactly this part of die cavity, the minimizing of gas forming amount, the concentration of hydrocarbon gas will reduce, the molten steel carburetting chance in the die cavity, also just corresponding the minimizing, this point has obtained sure confirmation.
Because through the foam casting mold and the entity foam casting mold of casting mold decrement, volume and weight between them change, this amount difference also will become a technology reference data the most simple and reliable of foundry processing design control so.But the foam casting mold by the remodeling decrement all needs to glue the method encapsulation process with plastic sheeting, could constitute a complete required part casting mold, and the crush resistance that also will consider casting mold is arranged.
Wherein said exhaust decompression is:
1, a mouthful exhaust is put in utilization: because exhausted big portion steel-casting all needs profit to put mouth foundry goods is carried out feeding, we put mouth to the entity foam and change the hollow mouth of putting that other material is made into, the exhaust passage that so just can allow the gas foam produces in the process of the inherent cast of casting mold flue gas set in casting mold enters puts mouth, allow the space of putting mouth hoard flue gas in right amount, and arrange venthole putting the oral thermometer face, utilize the negative pressure of vavuum pump to applying in the landfill case, the flue gas of hoarding in putting mouth, put the storage that reduces the inner hydrocarbon gas of die cavity of mouth along the passage sucking-off of putting mouth, thereby reach the purpose that prevents the carburetting of foundry goods body.
2, directly exhaust of dope layer surface: for the small casting steel of not putting mouth, carry out exhaust with regard to directly utilizing on the exhaust passage that is provided with in the casting mold, foam type is directly inserted the core that of some above the casting mold steam vent when last intact last coating or Set Type, insert core just as sand casting and carry out exhaust.A filling time is all arranged during because of any casting pouring, and this cavity filling process also just provides the regular hour assurance for the flue gas sucking-off in the die cavity.
3, utilize exhaust to carry out the die cavity inner pressure relief: casting mold is by the remodeling decrement, exhaust, also just reduced the atmospheric pressure of die cavity inside because of foam vaporization industry, the mobile thermal lift that also just for high-temperature molten steel produce of hydrocarbon gas outside die cavity makes hydrocarbon gas leave the molten steel surface simultaneously provides condition.As long as hydrocarbon gas and molten steel maintain certain distance, the opportunity of molten steel carburetting will greatly reduce so.
The wherein said running gate system that reasonably is provided with is:
Because the existence of the inner polystyrene foam of die cavity, in the process of cast, it is difficult discharging these hydrocarbon gas fully outside the die cavity.This just may cause the difference of middle and upper part part carbon content under the foundry goods body.How to prevent and dwindle this species diversity? should be from the ingate quantity and spacing of foundry goods, and the factor of molten steel cools speed considers,
1, utilize molten steel cools speed fast, with the quantity and spacing of foundry goods ingate, reduce the liquid high-temperature region in the die cavity, reduce the distance of high-temperature molten steel in die cavity, shorten the life period of liquid high temperature, also just reduced contacting of high-temp liquid molten steel and hydrocarbon gas;
2, rationally use the later stage molten steel of casting mold;
3, adopt suitable pouring temperature.
Carbon atom because of hydrocarbons gas the inside in the die cavity, enter into casting mold molten steel the inside, be unable to do without temperature and time, under identical conditions, molten steel temperature is high more, and is strong more to the melting ability of gas the inside carbon atom, molten steel is just high more to the absorptivity of carbon atom so, molten steel temperature height in the while casting mold, cooling velocity is also corresponding to be slowed down, and also just provides condition for absorbed carbon atom diffusion.
After having taked said method, can effectively solve the residual carbon that the model material of cavityless casting produces when pyrolytic, residual carbon is easy to cause the apperance pyrolysis to form enrichment carbon, brings carbon defects to ironcasting, also can make the mild steel foundry goods produce the carburetting phenomenon and be eased.Therefore, after improving by the above technology that cavityless casting is produced, be to produce the high-quality qualified casting fully to come.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the another kind of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the another kind of embodiment of the present invention;
The specific embodiment
Below will the invention will be further described by embodiment and accompanying drawing, but protection scope of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of embodiment.
Embodiment one
A kind of cavityless casting method, foundry goods casting mold 1 are to adopt polystyrene foam to make, and it is characterized in that: the foundry goods casting mold 1 of cavityless casting is hollow, increase part hole 2 in foundry goods casting mold foam pieces entity.Because the existence of these holes has also just correspondingly reduced inner this local foam of die cavity and has occupied total amount.The form of hole 2 can take paliform, cellular or the like other form to reduce the foam total amount of foam casting mold.And, the material that mouth 3 is put in feeding a casting is that mouth is put in the hollow feeding that iron sheet is made, the space of putting like this mouthful both can hoard in right amount from the casting mold gas inside, can come the change of material again and reduced this local foam occupancy volume of whole casting mold, reduced the gas forming amount of casting mold internal foam.
Reduce the total amount of occupying of die cavity office polystyrene foam by the structure of improving the foam casting mold, to remedy raw-material defective, to reach the resistance ground that reduces gas forming amount in the die cavity, the material source that produces hydrocarbon because of die cavity is inner is a polystyrene foam.Reduced the foam total amount of die cavity inside,, reduced the gas forming amount of foam exactly this part of die cavity, the minimizing of gas forming amount, the concentration of hydrocarbon gas will reduce, the molten steel carburetting chance in the die cavity, also just corresponding the minimizing, this point has obtained sure confirmation.
Because through the foam casting mold and the entity foam casting mold of type decrement, volume and weight between them change, this amount difference also will become a technology reference data the most simple and reliable of foundry processing design control so.But the foam casting mold by the remodeling decrement all needs to glue the method encapsulation process with plastic sheeting, could constitute a complete required part casting mold, and the crush resistance that also will consider casting mold is arranged, and also just causes unit cost to increase to some extent.
Embodiment two
A kind of cavityless casting method, foundry goods casting mold 4 is to adopt the EPS material to make, it is characterized in that: the foundry goods casting mold 4 of cavityless casting is hollow, sky 7 in the structure shape is set in foundry goods casting mold foam pieces entity, and directly utilize on the exhaust passage that is provided with in the casting mold and carry out exhaust, what the foam casting mold was directly inserted some above casting mold steam vent 5 when last intact last coating or Set Type goes out core 6, inserts core just as sand casting and carries out exhaust.A filling time is all arranged during because of any casting pouring, and this cavity filling process also just provides the regular hour assurance for the flue gas sucking-off in the die cavity.Casting mold is by the remodeling decrement, exhaust, also just reduced the atmospheric pressure of die cavity inside because of foam vaporization industry, the mobile thermal lift that also just for high-temperature molten steel produce of hydrocarbon gas outside die cavity makes hydrocarbon gas leave the molten steel surface simultaneously provides condition.As long as hydrocarbon gas and molten steel maintain certain distance, the opportunity of molten steel carburetting will greatly reduce so.
Embodiment three
A kind of cavityless casting method, foundry goods casting mold 8 is the hollow bodies that adopt other foam to make, in foundry goods casting mold foam pieces entity, cellular endoporus 9 is set, because the existence of the inner polystyrene foam of die cavity, in the process of cast, it is difficult discharging these hydrocarbon gas fully outside the die cavity.This just may cause the difference of middle and upper part part carbon content under the foundry goods body.In order to address this problem, utilize molten steel cools speed fast, quantity and spacing with the foundry goods ingate, reduce the liquid high-temperature region in the die cavity, reduce the distance of high-temperature molten steel in die cavity, shorten the life period of liquid high temperature, also just reduced contacting of high-temp liquid molten steel and hydrocarbon gas.Between the twice ingate 10 and 11 of big spacing, increase ingate 12 together again, form little spacing ingate, liquid level is gone up long to 200 millimeters when high simultaneously in the casting mold like this, the liquid high-temperature region of big spacing is 200 millimeters high, closely spaced casting mold liquid high-temperature region then can have only 100 millimeters high, because of the high-temperature molten steel of the closely spaced first road ingate, because of the ingate of establishing newly above stops to transport high-temperature molten steel to type.But transport the height that high-temperature molten steel raises the liquid level in the type to 200 millimeters by the ingate of increase.The molten steel of the following distance of this road ingate so, will Yin Wendu can not get replenishing and lowering the temperature, add the heat-absorbing action of the negative pressure that vavuum pump is produced in the landfill case, make the molten steel cooling rate faster, and make the quick cooled and solidified of molten steel in the type, like this molten steel of this segment distance to the absorption of carbon atom will and reduce.And high-temperature molten steel will be lacked relatively from the time that down gate footpath ingate enters die cavity and also can be alleviated the absorption of molten steel to carbon.
Claims (6)
1, method for casting hollow mould, it is characterized in that: in cavityless casting, by remodeling decrement, exhaust decompression and running gate system reasonably is set, the measure of choosing more than one arbitrarily reduces the generation of the carbon in the cavityless casting, improve the discharge of carbon, reach and reduce residual carbon and cast carbon steel generation carburetting in the cavityless casting.
2, method for casting hollow mould as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described remodeling decrement is:
(1) casting mold decrement: taking into full account the shape of foundry goods, after the structural strength, reduce the consumption of foundry goods casting mold p-poly-phenyl vinyl foam or other foamed materials as much as possible, promptly according to shape size, wall thickness, the quality requirement of foundry goods, the layout of exhaust passage, exhaust effect, whether operation is convenient, factors such as unit cost decide the variation of foam casting mold structure, increase the part hole in casting mold foam pieces entity.
(2) put a mouthful decrement: the material that original cavityless casting is put mouth as feeding a casting changes the hollow mouth of putting into.
3, method for casting hollow mould as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the form of described hole can be taked framework shape or paliform or cellular form.
4, method for casting hollow mould as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described hollow putting mouthful is iron sheet or other material.
5, method for casting hollow mould as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described exhaust decompression is:
(1) a mouthful exhaust is put in utilization: the entity foam is put mouth change the hollow mouth of putting that other material is made into, and arrange venthole putting the oral thermometer face, utilize the negative pressure of vavuum pump to applying in the landfill case, the flue gas of hoarding in putting mouth, put the storage that reduces the inner hydrocarbon gas of die cavity of mouth along the passage sucking-off of putting mouth;
(2) directly exhaust of dope layer surface: for the small casting steel of not putting mouth, carry out exhaust with regard to directly utilizing on the exhaust passage that is provided with in the casting mold, foam type is directly inserted the core that of some above the casting mold steam vent when last intact last coating or Set Type, insert core just as sand casting and carry out exhaust;
(3) utilize exhaust to carry out the die cavity inner pressure relief: casting mold is by the remodeling decrement, exhaust, also just reduced the atmospheric pressure of die cavity inside because of foam vaporization industry, the mobile thermal lift that also just for high-temperature molten steel produce of hydrocarbon gas outside die cavity makes hydrocarbon gas leave the molten steel surface simultaneously provides condition.
6, method for casting hollow mould as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the described running gate system that reasonably is provided with is:
(1) utilize molten steel cools speed fast, with the quantity and spacing of foundry goods ingate, reduce the liquid high-temperature region in the die cavity, reduce the distance of high-temperature molten steel in die cavity, shorten the life period of liquid high temperature, also just reduced contacting of high-temp liquid molten steel and hydrocarbon gas;
(2) rationally use the later stage molten steel of casting mold;
(3) adopt suitable pouring temperature.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510032256 CN1748901A (en) | 2005-10-17 | 2005-10-17 | Method for casting hollow mould |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510032256 CN1748901A (en) | 2005-10-17 | 2005-10-17 | Method for casting hollow mould |
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| CN1748901A true CN1748901A (en) | 2006-03-22 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102476165A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-05-30 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing manually moulded special-shaped exhaust holes in sand mould casting |
| CN104646628A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-05-27 | 通用电气公司 | System and method for forming a low alloy steel casting |
| CN104722713A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-06-24 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | Dead head structure of thin-plate steel casting |
| CN105102149A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-11-25 | 金属铸造技术股份有限公司 | Refractory mold |
| CN106001421A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽工程大学 | Hollow lost foam casting method and pipe feeding device thereof |
| CN106670406A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2017-05-17 | 成都兴宇精密铸造有限公司 | Die for measuring casting temperature |
| CN108436032A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-08-24 | 河北省同创交通工程配套产品产业技术研究院 | A kind of hollow evaporative pattern and preparation method thereof |
-
2005
- 2005-10-17 CN CN 200510032256 patent/CN1748901A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102476165A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-05-30 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing manually moulded special-shaped exhaust holes in sand mould casting |
| CN105102149A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-11-25 | 金属铸造技术股份有限公司 | Refractory mold |
| CN104646628A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-05-27 | 通用电气公司 | System and method for forming a low alloy steel casting |
| CN104722713A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-06-24 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | Dead head structure of thin-plate steel casting |
| CN106670406A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2017-05-17 | 成都兴宇精密铸造有限公司 | Die for measuring casting temperature |
| CN106001421A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽工程大学 | Hollow lost foam casting method and pipe feeding device thereof |
| CN108436032A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-08-24 | 河北省同创交通工程配套产品产业技术研究院 | A kind of hollow evaporative pattern and preparation method thereof |
| CN108436032B (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2023-12-19 | 河北省同创交通工程配套产品产业技术研究院 | Hollow lost foam and preparation method thereof |
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