CN1744379A - Multi-port controlled frequency-fixed wavebeam adjustable microband leaky-wave antenna - Google Patents
Multi-port controlled frequency-fixed wavebeam adjustable microband leaky-wave antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN1744379A CN1744379A CN 200510037568 CN200510037568A CN1744379A CN 1744379 A CN1744379 A CN 1744379A CN 200510037568 CN200510037568 CN 200510037568 CN 200510037568 A CN200510037568 A CN 200510037568A CN 1744379 A CN1744379 A CN 1744379A
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Abstract
The disclosed antenna includes body of antenna and flow divider. An end feeding port is setup at one end of the body of antenna. At least one piece of middle feeding port is setup at certain position from the said end feeding port. The end feeding port and the middle feeding port are connected to output ends of the flow divider. Under fixed operation frequency, controlling position of a feeding port in microstrip antenna can deviate direction of main beam of antenna. Experiment result expresses that deviated direction of main beam of antenna is about 30 degrees; and scanning range of main beam can reach to about 50-80 degrees. The invention lowers cost, and can be applicable to anti-collision system of radar. In mobile communication system, the invention also possesses big applied foreground
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio communication field, particularly a kind of multiport feed microband leaky-wave antenna, the automatically controlled antenna main beam that is implemented under the fixed-frequency is adjustable step by step.
Background technology
In recent years, microband leaky-wave antenna more and more comes into one's own in the communications field.Microband leaky-wave antenna has low section, and is in light weight, and advantages such as automatically controlled beam scanning have obtained using widely in fields such as microwave communication and radar collisions.1979, Menzel at first pointed out to utilize the leakage characteristics of microstrip antenna when high-rder mode to make antenna.Microband leaky-wave antenna is with its low section, and the characteristics that are easy to mate are suitable for integrated production, and particularly the automatically controlled frequency of the wave beam of microband leaky-wave antenna is swept characteristic, and it is had becomes the potentiality that can be applicable to the novel intelligent antenna in the mobile communication system.
Microband leaky-wave antenna works in first high-rder mode, forms space leaky wave radiation, and its main beam direction depends on operating frequency, has automatically controlled frequency and sweeps characteristic.The microband leaky-wave antenna radiation characteristic can be used leaky wave transmission k
z=β
z-j α
zIllustrate, wherein β
zBe leaky wave phase constant, α
zBe the leaky wave attenuation constant.Work as β
zSatisfy β
z＜k
0(k
0=2 π/λ
0Be the free space wave number) time, microband leaky-wave antenna works in first high-rder mode, energy with the form of space wave to external radiation.The main beam direction θ of microband leaky-wave antenna
r(side is penetrated direction) can by
Provide.The aerial radiation main beam direction is along with the increase of operating frequency is offset to end-on direction.But for personal communication, its operating frequency is generally fixed, and can't utilize the automatically controlled frequency of microband leaky-wave antenna to sweep characteristic, therefore, realizes microband leaky-wave antenna wave beam is adjustable under fixed-frequency being of great practical significance.
Recent years, begin to have research and inquirement how in personal communication, to use microband leaky-wave antenna.For example, 1998, the paper that C.C.Hu delivers on " Electronics Letters " " Two-dimensionalbeam-scanning phase-shifterless technique using active leaky-wave antennaarray ", proposed utilization array antenna principle and realized that 2 dimensions of microband leaky-wave antenna scan, but the direction of its main beam is still controlled by operating frequency.2000, the paper that C.Luxey delivers on " Electronics Letters " " Effect ofreactive loading in microstrip leaky wave antennas " has realized that by loading capacitance element on microband leaky-wave antenna the frequency of microband leaky-wave antenna is adjustable with fixing wave beam; 2003, the paper that the inventor delivers at " microwave journal " " microband leaky-wave antenna of the fixing phased beam scanning of a kind of novel frequency ", phase difference between use phase shifter control microband leaky-wave antenna feed port has been proposed, thereby the microband leaky-wave antenna structure of control microband leaky-wave antenna main beam skew, it is complicated that but the feed of this structure is partly slightly disliked, and the scope of main beam skew is little.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multiport feed microband leaky-wave antenna of brand-new structure, realized that the automatically controlled antenna main beam under the fixed-frequency is adjustable step by step.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention: the microband leaky-wave antenna that a kind of multi-port controlled frequency-fixed wavebeam is adjustable, comprise antenna body and shunt, it is characterized in that, one end of antenna body is provided with an end fed port, be provided with at least one middle part feed port at distance end fed port certain position place, the end fed port is connected with the output of shunt with the middle part feed port.
Be connected to electronic switch between the end fed port of above-mentioned microband leaky-wave antenna and the output of middle part feed port and shunt, also be provided with a feed input on the described shunt.
The width of above-mentioned microband leaky-wave antenna is 0.3～1 operating frequency wavelength, and the length of microband leaky-wave antenna is 0.5～1.5 operating frequency wavelength.
The end fed port of above-mentioned microband leaky-wave antenna and the position of middle part feed port are at a distance of 0～1 operating frequency wavelength.
The end fed port of above-mentioned microband leaky-wave antenna and middle part feed port be feed separately, also can the while feed.
The end-on direction of above-mentioned microband leaky-wave antenna also is provided with a microstrip line, is connected with a monopole antenna that is positioned at the microband leaky-wave antenna back side on microstrip line.
The present invention proposes a kind of multiport feed microband leaky-wave antenna structure of novelty, by theoretical simulation and experimental verification, the present invention is under the situation that operating frequency is fixed, and the feed port by on the control multiport microband leaky-wave antenna is offset the microband leaky-wave antenna main beam direction.Experimental data and theoretical simulation are coincide better, experimental result shows, is under the situation of 1.12GHz when operating frequency, by the position of control microstrip antenna feed port, can realize that main beam direction is offset about 30 °, the main beam sweep limits can reach about 50 °～80 °.This antenna structure can be advantageously used in the radar collision system, sweeps microband leaky-wave antenna with respect to traditional frequency, and cost can reduce greatly.Simultaneously, the automatically controlled wave beam in the time of can realizing fixed-frequency owing to this antenna is adjustable, and it has great application prospect equally in mobile communication system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of multiport microband leaky-wave antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the position (electrical length) of middle part feed port 13 of structure shown in Figure 1 and the relation between the microband leaky-wave antenna main beam relative amplitude;
Fig. 3 is the position (electrical length) of middle part feed port 13 of structure shown in Figure 1 and the relation between the microband leaky-wave antenna main beam direction angle;
Fig. 4 is the three grades of structural representations that scan microband leaky-wave antenna of antenna main beam that propose according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structure schematic diagram of microband leaky-wave antenna shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 6 is the side structure schematic diagram of microband leaky-wave antenna shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 7 is that electronic switch 1 is closed circuit among Fig. 4, during electronic switch 2,3 open circuits, and the normalization far-field region directional diagram that the microband leaky-wave antenna main beam scans step by step;
Fig. 8 is that electronic switch 1,2 is closed circuit among Fig. 4, during electronic switch 3 open circuits, and the normalization far-field region directional diagram that the microband leaky-wave antenna main beam scans step by step;
Fig. 9 is that electronic switch 1,3 is closed circuit among Fig. 4, during electronic switch 2 open circuits, and the normalization far-field region directional diagram that the microband leaky-wave antenna main beam scans step by step;
Embodiment
The mutual coupling effect of different feed port is trickle when working in high-rder mode for microstrip antenna, therefore, can analyze single feed port on the multiport feed microband leaky-wave antenna as a separate antenna unit.Microband leaky-wave antenna is swept characteristic frequently and is when operating frequency changes, and the electrical length of microstrip antenna also changes thereupon, and the each point phase place changes on the microstrip antenna thereby make, and the main beam of formation deflects.The microband leaky-wave antenna of a plurality of feed port is seen as an array antenna.According to the array antenna principle, suitably adjust distance between feed port, can make the scanning of array antenna main beam or have other special performances.
For the microband leaky-wave antenna at microstrip antenna two ends difference feed, the expression formula in its far-field region is:
Wherein: =0 °; L is the microband leaky-wave antenna patch length; W is a microband leaky-wave antenna paster width; H is a dielectric-slab thickness.This formula does not consider because the reflected wave influence that little band opening effect causes.
For microband leaky-wave antenna schematic diagram shown in Figure 1,, can have: F=fS according to array antenna pattern multiplication principle.
F is the directivity function of array element, and S is the array factor of array antenna.Thereby can get microband leaky-wave antenna shown in Figure 1 far-field region expression formula:
Microband leaky-wave antenna as shown in Figure 1, antenna body 1 and shunt 2, one end of antenna body 1 is provided with an end fed port one 2, be provided with at least one middle part feed port 13 at distance end fed port one 2 certain position places, end fed port one 2 is connected with the output 21,22 of shunt 2 respectively with middle part feed port 13.Electric current is divided into the two-way in-phase current to input current by 11 inputs of feed input through shunt 2, and feed is in end fed port one 2 and middle part feed port 13 respectively.The wave beam that the end fed port one 2 of microstrip antenna and middle part feed port 13 produce influences each other, and forms the main beam of microband leaky-wave antenna.Under the constant situation of operating frequency, when changing the position of middle part feed port 13, the distance between end fed port one 2 and the middle part feed port 13 can change.Because the microstrip antenna electrical length corresponding to two feed port also changes, the size and Orientation of the wave beam that they produce respectively also changes thereupon.Like this, according to the array antenna principle, the wave beam that is produced by two feed port influences each other, and the direction of the main beam of the microband leaky-wave antenna of formation can change along with the variation of middle part feed port 13 positions.
When operating frequency fixedly the time, the length overall L=1.1 λ (L=L of microband leaky-wave antenna
1+ L
2, λ is the operating frequency wavelength, λ=c/F, light velocity c=3 * 10
8M/s, F are operating frequency) constant, (displacement of middle part feed port 13 can be used L to move middle part feed port 13
2Variation represent).Fig. 2 has illustrated position (the electrical length L of middle part feed port 13
2) and microband leaky-wave antenna main beam relative amplitude between relation; Fig. 3 has illustrated position (the electrical length L of middle part feed port 13
2) variable effect the deflection of main beam.Comprehensive each side factor is chosen L
2=0.6 λ～λ is the working region; Promptly by the direction translation of microstrip antenna center to microstrip antenna end fed port one 2, during 13 displacements of middle part feed port, the microband leaky-wave antenna main beam is offset middle part feed port 13 along radiating side.As shown in Figure 3, microband leaky-wave antenna main beam direction and L in the working region
2Between exist linear relationship, when middle part feed port 13 during to a side translation, microband leaky-wave antenna main beam direction angle continuously changes.
In actual applications, to carry out translation be very difficult to the feed port of microband leaky-wave antenna.According to antenna operation principle mentioned above, at this microband leaky-wave antenna structure that a kind of antenna main beam scans is step by step proposed, be example with the microband leaky-wave antenna of three grades of scannings of an antenna main beam.Structure is provided with end fed port one 2 and middle part feed port 13,14 on microband leaky-wave antenna shown in Fig. 4～6, wherein, end fed port one 2 is by electronic switch K
1Be connected with the output 21 of shunt 2, middle part feed port 13,14 is by electronic switch K
2, K
3Be connected with another output 22 of shunt 2.By using above-mentioned formula (III) to carry out emulation, a series of data of antenna size have been obtained, simultaneously in order to satisfy the microband leaky-wave antenna special operating conditions, encourage first high-rder mode, the final microband leaky-wave antenna structural parameters of determining are: operating frequency F=1.12GHz, microband leaky-wave antenna paster width W=100mm, microband leaky-wave antenna patch length L=316mm (L=L
1+ L
2), the dielectric-slab thickness h
1=5mm, dielectric-slab relative dielectric constant ε
r=2.25.Port one 2 is positioned at L
1=0mm, L
2=316mm; Port one 3 is positioned at L
1=81mm, L
2=235mm; Port one 4 is positioned at L
1=133mm, L
2=183mm.By electronic switch K
1～K
3Different closed circuit and open circuit assembled state makes the feed port of diverse location carry out feed to microband leaky-wave antenna jointly, thereby realizes the automatically controlled scanning step by step of microband leaky-wave antenna main beam.In Fig. 6,4 is dielectric-slab, and 5 is ground plate.
Seriously influence because the reflected wave of microband leaky-wave antenna has directional diagram, must the reflected wave of microband leaky-wave antenna be suppressed.For this reason, add a microstrip line 6, on microstrip line 6, connect a monopole antenna 3 that is positioned at the microband leaky-wave antenna back side, make energy fully to external radiation at the end-on direction of microband leaky-wave antenna.Experimental result shows that this structure can suppress the influence of microband leaky-wave antenna reflected wave to main beam preferably.Length d=the 150mm of monopole antenna 3, radius r=0.4mm, h
2=6mm, t=20mm.
Fig. 7～Fig. 9 is electronic switch K
1, K
2, K
3The normalization far-field region directional diagram that microband leaky-wave antenna main beam under the control scans step by step.Wherein, the multiport microband leaky-wave antenna directional diagram of curve-*-be depicted as experiment gained, curve---being depicted as the theory orientation figure that uses formula (III) emulation gained, both are more identical through relatively more visible.
Operating frequency is fixed in 1.12GHz, at the feed input 11 input feed currents of shunt, by electronic switch K
1, K
2, K
3Folding control feed port, thereby the main beam pointing of control microband leaky-wave antenna.Figure 7 shows that electronic switch K
1Closed circuit, electronic switch K
2, K
3Open circuit, microband leaky-wave antenna are by end fed port one 2 feeds, and this moment, the microband leaky-wave antenna main beam pointing was about 50 °; Figure 8 shows that electronic switch K
1, K
2Closed circuit, electronic switch K3 open circuit, microband leaky-wave antenna are by end fed port one 2 and middle part feed port 13 corporated feeds, and this moment, microband leaky-wave antenna main beam direction angle was about 60 °; Figure 9 shows that electronic switch K
1, K
3Closed circuit, electronic switch K
2Open circuit, microband leaky-wave antenna are by end fed port one 2 and middle part feed port 14 corporated feeds, and this moment, the microband leaky-wave antenna main beam pointing was about 80 °.
This shows, use the middle part feed port 13 or 14 (but being not limited to this two ports) of diverse location jointly microband leaky-wave antenna to be carried out feed with end fed port one 2, the microband leaky-wave antenna main beam scans 80 ° from about 50 °, and the main beam direction angle has been offset about 30 ° altogether.Use this structure to realize that main beam scans step by step under the microband leaky-wave antenna fixed-frequency, and process is automatically controlled fully.In actual applications, under the situation that cost allows, can improve the precision of microband leaky-wave antenna main beam scanning by increasing the number of middle part feed port.
The present invention proposes a kind of multiport feed microband leaky-wave antenna structure of novelty, experiment and simulation result show that this antenna can be implemented in the skew of microband leaky-wave antenna main beam direction under the fixed-frequency.Experiment showed, that by the position of control microstrip antenna feed port can realize that main beam direction is offset about 30 °, microband leaky-wave antenna main beam scanning angle can reach about 50 °～80 °.This structure can be advantageously used in the radar collision system, sweeps microband leaky-wave antenna with respect to traditional frequency, and cost can reduce greatly.Simultaneously, the automatically controlled wave beam in the time of can realizing fixed-frequency owing to this antenna is adjustable, and it has great application prospect equally in mobile communication system.
Below only realization principle of the present invention and structure are described, under the situation that does not depart from the regulation scope of the invention in the claims, can form the various deformation structure by instantiation, this no longer class state.
Claims (7)
1. microband leaky-wave antenna that multi-port controlled frequency-fixed wavebeam is adjustable, comprise antenna body and shunt, it is characterized in that, one end of antenna body is provided with an end fed port, be provided with at least one middle part feed port at distance end fed port certain position place, the end fed port is connected with the output of shunt with the middle part feed port.
2. according to the adjustable microband leaky-wave antenna of the described multi-port controlled frequency-fixed wavebeam of claim 1, it is characterized in that, be connected to electronic switch between the output of described end fed port and middle part feed port and shunt.
3. according to claim 1 or the adjustable microband leaky-wave antenna of 2 described multi-port controlled frequency-fixed wavebeams, it is characterized in that described shunt is provided with a feed input.
4. according to the adjustable microband leaky-wave antenna of the described multi-port controlled frequency-fixed wavebeam of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the width of described microband leaky-wave antenna is 0.3～1 operating frequency wavelength, and the length of microband leaky-wave antenna is 0.5～1.5 operating frequency wavelength.
5. according to the adjustable microband leaky-wave antenna of the described multi-port controlled frequency-fixed wavebeam of claim 1, it is characterized in that the position of described end fed port and middle part feed port is at a distance of 0～1 operating frequency wavelength.
6. according to the adjustable microband leaky-wave antenna of the described multi-port controlled frequency-fixed wavebeam of claim 1, it is characterized in that described end fed port and middle part feed port be feed separately, also can the while feed.
7. according to the adjustable microband leaky-wave antenna of the described multi-port controlled frequency-fixed wavebeam of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the end-on direction of described microband leaky-wave antenna also is provided with a microstrip line, is connected with a monopole antenna that is positioned at the microband leaky-wave antenna back side on microstrip line.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510037568 CN1744379A (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2005-09-28 | Multi-port controlled frequency-fixed wavebeam adjustable microband leaky-wave antenna |
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| CN 200510037568 CN1744379A (en) | 2005-09-28 | 2005-09-28 | Multi-port controlled frequency-fixed wavebeam adjustable microband leaky-wave antenna |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101924567A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-12-22 | 美国博通公司 | Communication method and communication system |
| CN102422488A (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2012-04-18 | 安蒂诺瓦有限公司 | Branched multiport antennas |
| WO2014094612A1 (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-26 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Reconfigurable multiband antenna |
| CN106053968A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-10-26 | 深圳市樊溪电子有限公司 | Single-channel antenna far-field antenna factor estimation method using time-frequency analysis for measurement |
| CN112216991A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | Two-way frequency reconfigurable microstrip antenna |
-
2005
- 2005-09-28 CN CN 200510037568 patent/CN1744379A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102422488A (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2012-04-18 | 安蒂诺瓦有限公司 | Branched multiport antennas |
| CN102422488B (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2015-05-20 | 微软公司 | Branched multiport antennas |
| CN101924567A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-12-22 | 美国博通公司 | Communication method and communication system |
| WO2014094612A1 (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-26 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Reconfigurable multiband antenna |
| US9153867B2 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2015-10-06 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Reconfigurable multiband antenna |
| CN106053968A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-10-26 | 深圳市樊溪电子有限公司 | Single-channel antenna far-field antenna factor estimation method using time-frequency analysis for measurement |
| CN106053968B (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2019-09-10 | 航天科工空间工程发展有限公司 | The single track Antenna Far Field antenna factor estimation method measured using time frequency analysis |
| CN112216991A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | Two-way frequency reconfigurable microstrip antenna |
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