CN1740989A - Universal inserting system virtual page attribute management method - Google Patents
Universal inserting system virtual page attribute management method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1740989A CN1740989A CNA2004100568232A CN200410056823A CN1740989A CN 1740989 A CN1740989 A CN 1740989A CN A2004100568232 A CNA2004100568232 A CN A2004100568232A CN 200410056823 A CN200410056823 A CN 200410056823A CN 1740989 A CN1740989 A CN 1740989A
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Abstract
The invented method includes the following steps: firstly, defining irrelative layer and relative layer page attribute and mask correspondent to the page attribute; creating mapping list of page attribute and mask from irrelative layer to relative layer in relative layer; in the irrelative layer constructing page attribute conversion list from irrelative layer to relative layer and attribute mask conversion list from irrelative layer to relative layer; then searching page attribute conversion list and mask conversion list to respectively obtain relative layer page attribute and relative layer mask, in relative layer implementing page attribute setting-up, transferring the relative layer page attribute to irrelative layer and converting it into irrelative layer virtual page attribute and outputting it to upper layer for application.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to computer realm, relate in particular to the method for virtual memory management in the embedded system.
Background technology:
Computer system has obtained increasingly extensive application in social every field, and is bringing into play more and more important effect.Under the promotion of every field demand, computer technology is also in continuous development, and 8 bit machines from early stage develop into 16-bit computer, 32 and 64 bit machines till now again, development of computer has also better promoted the development of each application simultaneously.In all kinds of computer systems, the embedded system development is expanded rapidly because of industrial circle, and has obtained development more rapidly.In embedded system, in order to realize functions such as memory protect and Cache (high-speed cache) management, often need to add the virtual memory management module, wherein the virtual page attribute management is the gordian technique of virtual memory management.Because singularity such as embedded system exists as resource-constrained, real-time requirement, range of application be various; so the virtual memory management module can't be integrated in the operating system as the general-purpose operating system and realize; but and can only be as cutting module in the system; provide operation-interface to the user; confirm how to carry out the setting of virtual memory page attribute by concrete application, thereby further realize functions such as memory protect and Process Protection.Under these circumstances, embedded system virtual page attribute management just must be considered the operability of user interface.Because closely related between virtual page attribute and the processor, its design also is directly connected to the portability of embedded system simultaneously.
The method of at present comparatively common general-purpose operating system virtual page attribute management is: at first define a level of abstraction to shield concrete processor, provide the function that is provided with and obtains the page table list item by this level of abstraction then.When obtaining the virtual page attribute, return the content of whole page table list item.Carry out may further comprise the steps in the virtual page attribute setting up procedure at level of abstraction: at first obtain the original attribute of the page, and with the zero clearing of page table list item.On the basis of former page properties, revise the page properties that will be provided with item by item.The page properties that modification is finished is inserted the page table list item at last.As can be seen, adopt this method, the operation-interface that can not provide simply to the user, understand, the user carries out an attribute setting need carry out the multistep operation.And the page properties that gets access to comprises all the elements in the page table list item, as page physical address and some other control information, can't reflect the content of page properties intuitively to the user.
In addition, in that at present some provide in the commercial embedded OS of virtual memory operation-interface, usually only support certain a series of MMU (MemoryManagement Units that meet same realization standard processor, memory management unit), as only supporting PPC603 and PPC604, or only support the ARM series processors, the method of the virtual page attribute management that it adopts is: define one group of virtual page attribute and mask at the MMU that is supported, the definition of virtual page attribute is identical with the definition of corresponding virtual page attribute in the page descriptor table, and mask value is identical with the forward attribute.When the virtual page attribute was set, which attribute user's input attributes combination simultaneously and mask combination determined to be provided with by the mask combination, directly revised the page descriptor table according to the input attributes combination and carried out the attribute setting.When obtaining the virtual page attribute, return the virtual page combinations of attributes, rather than the content of whole page table list item.Clearly, this method has overcome two defectives of the general-purpose operating system, but has brought new problem: the general-purpose operating system can be supported multiple processor simultaneously by introducing a processor level of abstraction, and only need change the content of level of abstraction when transplanting, have good portability.And the virtual page attribute management method direct control MMU hardware of above-mentioned embedded OS once can only be supported a kind of processor of realizing standard, and its modularization and portability are all good inadequately.
Summary of the invention:
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is the dependence specific operating system, transplantability difference and the complicated operation that exist of prior art, shortcoming such as not directly perceived, in the hope of proposing a kind of method of embedded OS virtual page number attribute management, can be provided with and obtain the virtual page number attribute rapidly and accurately, and the easy-to-use user interface and of providing convenience to the support of multiple processor, and do not rely on specific operating system, have good portability.
Core concept of the present invention is: the virtual page number attribute management is divided into processor irrelative layer and processor relevant layers, when transplanting, only need replace the content of processor relevant layers, and, improved the portability of program without the external interface that the original structure of reprogramming and this module provide.And irrelative layer is used for the setting of virtual page attribute to the property transformation of relevant layers, realizes that by a property transformation table this conversion table as index, directly navigates to corresponding relevant layers attribute with the irrelative layer attribute, finishes property transformation fast.
General-purpose built-in type system virtualization page attribute management method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
The first step: the mask of mask, irrelative layer page properties and the page properties correspondence of definition relevant layers page properties and page properties correspondence, set up irrelative layer to relevant layers page properties and mask map table in relevant layers; In irrelative layer according to the page properties of being set up and mask map table structure irrelative layer to relevant layers page properties conversion table and irrelative layer to relevant layers page properties mask conversion table;
Second step: the managing virtual page attribute,
This step further comprises following two steps:
(1) the virtual page attribute is provided with: search irrelative layer to relevant layers page properties conversion table and mask conversion table, obtain relevant layers page properties and relevant layers mask respectively, finish the page properties setting in relevant layers;
(2) the virtual page attribute obtains: the relevant layers page properties is passed to irrelative layer, and be converted to irrelative layer virtual page attribute and export to upper layer application.
Described virtual page attribute is provided with specifically and comprises the following steps:
(1) with the input the irrelative layer page properties be the index search irrelative layer to relevant layers page properties conversion table, obtain the relevant layers page properties;
(2) with the input the irrelative layer mask be the index search irrelative layer to relevant layers mask conversion table, obtain the relevant layers mask;
(3) relevant layers page properties and relevant layers mask are passed to relevant layers as input, finish the page properties setting in relevant layers.
Described virtual page attribute obtains specifically and comprises the following steps:
(1) relevant layers passes to irrelative layer with the relevant layers page attribute as input;
(2) irrelative layer traversal page properties and mask map table are irrelative layer virtual page attribute with relevant layers virtual page property transformation, export to upper layer application.
The method of the invention is by being divided into the virtual page number attribute management mode of processor irrelative layer and processor relevant layers, adopt promptly that layering controls method carry out the virtual page number attribute management, efficiently solve the defective of prior art.On the one hand, user oriented processor irrelative layer provides simple, clear operation-interface, can disposable setting comprise the page properties combination of a plurality of page properties, and can accurately obtain the original combinations of attributes of the page.On the other hand, the processor relevant layers of object oriented processor has realized simultaneously the support to multiple processor.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the overview flow chart of the method for the invention.
Fig. 2 be in the method for the invention irrelative layer to relevant layers attribute and mask map table list item synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 be in the method for the invention irrelative layer to relevant layers attribute/mask conversion table synoptic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that the MPC860 relevant layers attribute as an embodiment of the present invention is provided with process flow diagram.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further describe in detail with the example that is applied as of the present invention on the MPC860 processor.
The present invention is divided into two-layer the realization with the virtual page number attribute management in fact exactly, i.e. processor irrelative layer and processor relevant layers.When transplanting, only need replace the content of processor relevant layers like this, and the external interface that provides without the original structure of reprogramming and this module, thereby improve the portability of program.Irrelative layer and relevant layers define a cover page properties respectively and corresponding to the mask of page properties, the page properties of irrelative layer and mask are towards upper layer application, and relevant layers page properties and mask then reflect the page properties of each processor MMU definition.Irrelative layer is used for the setting of virtual page attribute to the property transformation of relevant layers, realize by a property transformation table, this conversion table with the irrelative layer attribute as index, directly navigate to corresponding relevant layers attribute, finish property transformation fast, which attribute simultaneously, also needs a mask conversion table that the irrelative layer mask is converted to the relevant layers mask, be with what determine to be provided with.Attribute and mask map table that property transformation table and mask conversion table provide by relevant layers are constructed, attribute and mask map table definition the irrelative layer attribute to the relevant layers attribute, and the irrelative layer mask is to the mapping relations of relevant layers mask.Relevant layers is finished by traversal attribute and mask map table to the property transformation of irrelative layer, and do not adopt similar method of searching the property transformation table to realize, this is because relevant layers only is used to obtain the virtual page attribute to the property transformation of irrelative layer, its invoked frequency is much smaller than the frequency that the virtual page attribute is set, there is no need to waste valuable memory source and keep the property transformation table of a relevant layers to irrelative layer, and the best property of attribute mapping table also only comprises five, six usually, travels through consuming time and few.
Fig. 1 is the overall framework of the method that proposes of the present invention.The virtual page attribute management is divided into two-layer realization, processor irrelative layer and processor relevant layers.The processor irrelative layer is the interface towards upper layer application, comprises function interface and irrelative layer virtual page attribute and mask.The processor relevant layers is bound mutually with concrete processor, and as X86, ARM, PPC etc., relevant layers is replaced by the realization of respective processor when transplanting.Relevant layers comprises realization virtual page attribute setting and the function that obtains, and relevant layers virtual page attribute and mask.By attribute and mask map table, property transformation table and mask conversion table carry out attribute and mask conversion each other between irrelative layer and the relevant layers.Specifically may further comprise the steps:
The first step: the mask of definition relevant layers page properties and page properties correspondence.The essence of relevant layers mask is a binary number, each mask corresponds respectively to or two of binary number, by the position consistency of corresponding attribute in the page descriptor, and the relevant layers attribute unanimity of not only will trying one's best on the position, it is consistent that value is also wanted as far as possible, by " (～(negate) Yan Ma ﹠amp; (with) page descriptor) | (or) attribute " and algorithm, can finish the setting of virtual page attribute fast.
Second step: the mask of definition irrelative layer page properties and page properties correspondence.The essence of irrelative layer mask is a binary number, and each mask corresponds respectively to of binary number, and its value is this value when being 1, is 0b0010 as the value of the mask of second definition.The essence of irrelative layer attribute also is a binary number, and each of binary number is represented the attribute of a pair of mutual exclusion, and this position is 1 to represent the forward attribute, is 0 to represent the negative sense attribute.The value of irrelative layer mask is identical with the value of forward attribute.
The 3rd step: set up irrelative layer to relevant layers page properties and mask map table in relevant layers.Its essence is a structural array, structure is { irrelative layer mask, relevant layers mask, irrelative layer attribute, a relevant layers attribute }.
The 4th step: in irrelative layer according to page properties and mask map table structure irrelative layer to relevant layers page properties conversion table and irrelative layer to relevant layers page properties mask conversion table.They are one respectively is index with the irrelative layer attribute, is that the array of element value and one are index with the irrelative layer mask with the relevant layers attribute, is the array of element value with the relevant layers mask.
The 5th step: virtual page attribute management.
This step comprises that setting of virtual page attribute and virtual page attribute obtain two aspects:
The setting of virtual page attribute comprises the following steps:
1, with the input the irrelative layer page properties be the index search irrelative layer to relevant layers page properties conversion table, obtain the relevant layers page properties.
2, with the input the irrelative layer mask be the index search irrelative layer to relevant layers mask conversion table, obtain the relevant layers mask.
3, relevant layers page properties and relevant layers mask are passed to relevant layers as input, finish the page properties setting in relevant layers.
The virtual page attribute obtains and comprises the following steps:
1, relevant layers passes to irrelative layer with the relevant layers page attribute as input.
2, irrelative layer traversal page properties and mask map table are irrelative layer virtual page attribute with relevant layers virtual page property transformation, export to upper layer application.
Fig. 2 is that irrelative layer is to relevant layers attribute and mask map table list item synoptic diagram.The figure illustrates in attribute and the mask map table, the forward attribute of a mask correspondence and the irrelative layer of negative sense attribute are to the relevant layers mapping relations.The adjacent column of table is represented the mapping relations of irrelative layer to relevant layers, and the adjacent lines of table are represented the incidence relation of mask and attribute.For example the read/write properties list item is as follows in MPC860 attribute and the mask map table:
Irrelative layer read-write mask, MPC860 reads and writes mask,
Irrelative layer can be write attribute, and MPC860 can write attribute },
Irrelative layer read-write mask, MPC860 reads and writes mask,
The irrelative layer read only attribute, the MPC860 read only attribute }.
Fig. 3 is that irrelative layer is to relevant layers attribute/mask conversion table synoptic diagram.Because the structure of two tables is identical with the mode of searching, and explains so merge among the figure.The size of these two tables all is an irrelative layer mask several power of 2.Since the property transformation table with the irrelative layer combinations of attributes as index, each irrelative layer mask takies of binary number, a corresponding forward attribute and a negative sense attribute, numerically show as 1 and 0, so the number of all properties combination is exactly an irrelative layer mask several power of 2, and the mask number of combinations is actually identical with the combinations of attributes number, so the size of mask conversion table also is an irrelative layer mask several power of 2.
Page properties for example is set is read-only and can use Cache, so with the irrelative layer combinations of attributes: (irrelative layer read only attribute, but irrelative layer Cache attribute) as index search property transformation table, according to the irrelative layer attribute definition, the value of read only attribute is 0, whether effectively but the value of Cache attribute is 0x4 (had defined the page attribute and read-write properties before it, certainly its value differs and is decided to be 0x4, occurrence is determined by the order that it is defined), search the 5th list item of attribute list so, according to the building method of property transformation table, it is as follows to obtain corresponding relevant layers combinations of attributes:
The invalid attribute of the MPC860 page, the MPC860 read only attribute,
But MPC860 Cache attribute, MPC860 write-back attribute,
MPC860 does not allow to change instruction sequences }
As can be seen, through after the property transformation, except the attribute that will be set up that spells out, other attributes in the combinations of attributes have all converted the negative sense attribute to.If directly carry out the attribute setting, just might be arranged to the negative sense attribute to original forward attribute according to the relevant layers attribute after the conversion.Originally had the effective attribute of the MPC860 page as the page, but the user wants to become this page attribute read-only and Cache now, the addressable attribute of the page must be needed to keep in this case,, then a kind of error result must be caused if directly use the attribute after the conversion to be provided with.In fact, the mask conversion table proposes in order to solve this situation.
Mask combination (the read-write mask of input irrelative layer combinations of attributes correspondence when setting a property, but Cache mask whether), through obtaining relevant layers mask combination (the read-only mask of MPC860 after the mask translation table, whether MPC860 the Cache mask), like this relevant layers just know need to revise for read-write properties and whether use the Cache attribute, thereby the mistake of other attributes can not appear changing by mistake.
Fig. 4 is that the MPC860 relevant layers attribute as an embodiment of the present invention is provided with process flow diagram.Mention in technical scheme that the relevant layers mask should be tried one's best and page descriptor in the position consistency of corresponding attribute, the relevant layers attribute unanimity of not only will trying one's best on the position, it is consistent that value is also wanted as far as possible, passes through algorithm: (～Yan Ma ﹠amp; Page descriptor) | attribute, can finish the setting of virtual page attribute fast.According to this principle, its mask is defined as follows according to the definition of MPC860 page descriptor:
Effectively whether the MPC860 page mask 0x00000001
MPC860 read-write mask 0x00000c00
Whether MPC860 Cache mask 0x00000002
MPC860 tracing write-back mask 0x00002000
Whether MPC860 allows to change instruction sequences mask 0x00010000
Page attribute is identical with mask on the position, and it is consistent with the definition of page descriptor that value keeps.Like this, it is 0x00000800 that MPC860 can write attribute definition, and the MPC860 read only attribute is defined as 0x00000c00, and other forward attribute is identical with mask value, and the negative sense attribute is 0.It is more special that the page attribute of MPC860 distributes, and is distributed in two page table descriptors, and first three is in the secondary page table descriptors, and latter two is in the one-level page table descriptors.In order to adopt the method for the invention that page attribute is set fast, the attribute of one-level page table and the attribute of secondary page table are divided into two sections, secondary page table attribute takies low 12, one-level page table attribute takies high 20, in these two sections respectively according to page descriptor in the position of respective attributes determine the value of mask, mask definition as described above.Like this when attribute is provided with, as shown in Figure 4, at first judge whether to be provided with the attribute of one-level page table, if desired, from low 12 attributes that extract the secondary page table descriptors, from high 20 attributes that extract the one-level page table descriptors, respectively page attribute is made amendment, otherwise the page attribute of secondary page table only is set.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of general-purpose built-in type system virtualization page attribute management method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
The first step: the irrelative layer mask of relevant layers mask, irrelative layer page properties and the page properties correspondence of definition relevant layers page properties and page properties correspondence, set up irrelative layer to relevant layers page properties and mask map table in relevant layers; In irrelative layer according to the page properties of being set up and mask map table structure irrelative layer to relevant layers page properties conversion table and irrelative layer to relevant layers page properties mask conversion table;
Second step: the managing virtual page attribute,
This step further comprises following two steps:
(1) the virtual page attribute is provided with: search irrelative layer to relevant layers page properties conversion table and mask conversion table, obtain relevant layers page properties and relevant layers mask respectively, finish the page properties setting in relevant layers;
(2) the virtual page attribute obtains: the relevant layers page properties is passed to irrelative layer, and be converted to irrelative layer virtual page attribute and export to upper layer application.
2, general-purpose built-in type system virtualization page attribute management method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described virtual page attribute is provided with specifically and comprises the following steps:
(1) with the input the irrelative layer page properties be the index search irrelative layer to relevant layers page properties conversion table, obtain the relevant layers page properties;
(2) with the input the irrelative layer mask be the index search irrelative layer to relevant layers mask conversion table, obtain the relevant layers mask;
(3) relevant layers page properties and relevant layers mask are passed to relevant layers as input, finish the page properties setting in relevant layers.
3, general-purpose built-in type system virtualization page attribute management method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described virtual page attribute obtains specifically and comprises the following steps:
(1) relevant layers passes to irrelative layer with the relevant layers page attribute as input;
(2) irrelative layer traversal page properties and mask map table are irrelative layer virtual page attribute with relevant layers virtual page property transformation, export to upper layer application.
4, general-purpose built-in type system virtualization page attribute management method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described relevant layers mask is a binary number, and each mask corresponds respectively to or two of binary number.
5, general-purpose built-in type system virtualization page attribute management method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the position of described relevant layers attribute is consistent as far as possible with value, and by " (～(negate) Yan Ma ﹠amp; (with) page descriptor) | (or) attribute " and mode, finish the setting of virtual page attribute.
6, general-purpose built-in type system virtualization page attribute management method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described irrelative layer mask is a binary number, and each mask corresponds respectively to of binary number, and its value is this value when being 1.
7, general-purpose built-in type system virtualization page attribute management method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described irrelative layer attribute also is a binary number, each of binary number is represented the attribute of a pair of mutual exclusion, this position is 1 to represent the forward attribute, be 0 to represent the negative sense attribute, the value of described irrelative layer mask is identical with the value of forward attribute.
8, general-purpose built-in type system virtualization page attribute management method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described irrelative layer is a structural array to relevant layers page properties and mask map table, structure is { irrelative layer a mask, the relevant layers mask, irrelative layer attribute, relevant layers attribute }.
9, general-purpose built-in type system virtualization page attribute management method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is index with the irrelative layer attribute that described irrelative layer is one to relevant layers page properties conversion table and irrelative layer respectively to relevant layers page properties mask conversion table, with the relevant layers attribute is that the array of element value and one are index with the irrelative layer mask, is the array of element value with the relevant layers mask.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102193811A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-09-21 | 上海交通大学 | Compiling device for eliminating memory access conflict and realizing method thereof |
| CN107408077A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2017-11-28 | 英特尔公司 | Memory scans method and apparatus |
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2004
- 2004-08-23 CN CNA2004100568232A patent/CN1740989A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102193811A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-09-21 | 上海交通大学 | Compiling device for eliminating memory access conflict and realizing method thereof |
| CN102193811B (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2014-04-16 | 上海交通大学 | Compiling device for eliminating memory access conflict and realizing method thereof |
| CN107408077A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2017-11-28 | 英特尔公司 | Memory scans method and apparatus |
| US11080401B2 (en) | 2015-03-27 | 2021-08-03 | Intel Corporation | Memory scanning methods and apparatus |
| CN107408077B (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2021-09-03 | 英特尔公司 | Memory scanning method and device |
| US11797678B2 (en) | 2015-03-27 | 2023-10-24 | Intel Corporation | Memory scanning methods and apparatus |
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