CN1736668A - Magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot with curved surface adaptive ability - Google Patents
Magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot with curved surface adaptive ability Download PDFInfo
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- CN1736668A CN1736668A CN 200510086382 CN200510086382A CN1736668A CN 1736668 A CN1736668 A CN 1736668A CN 200510086382 CN200510086382 CN 200510086382 CN 200510086382 A CN200510086382 A CN 200510086382A CN 1736668 A CN1736668 A CN 1736668A
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Abstract
Disclosed is a magnetic-absorption wall-creeping robot with a self-adaptive capability to curved face, which belongs to the art of robot. Said robot comprises a wheeled shifter and a plural of permanent-magnet absorption devices, the wheeled shifter containing an undercarriage, a drive gear, a traction wheel and an auxiliary balancing wheel; one end of the permanent-magnet absorption device being equipped with the magnetic conduction wall surface by auxiliary balancing wheel, and the other end equipped with the undercarriage or other permanent-magnet absorption device by curved face self-adaptive device with rotational freedom degree of among one to three; the traction wheel being laid out symmetrically and driven by differential drive, and the differential of the traction wheel realizing the deflecting on the magnetic conduction wall surface. The wall-creeping robot having a strong loading power, a flexible motility and a super self-adaptive capability to curved face, has a perfect prospect.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of robot, and particularly a kind of magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot with curved surface adaptive ability belongs to the robot design field.
Background technology
Magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot is a kind of of specialized robot, be a kind of automated machine device that a kind of design is used under abominable, dangerous, limiting case, carries out operations specific such as inspection, detection, welding, polishing etc. on the magnetic conduction wall, more and more be subject to people's attention.Magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot has obtained using widely in the production and construction of ferromagnetic structures such as nuclear industry, petrochemical industry, building industry, fire department, shipbuilding industry at present.
In actual applications, some magnetic conduction wall is a space curved surface, and its surface topography changes greatly, and is uneven, and curvature half is through less, and the curvature excursion is bigger, as the turbine blade surface.For the magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot in this class surface operation, the air gap between its adsorbent equipment and the blade surface can change, and causes the variation of absorption affinity, and then influences the load capacity of climbing robot.In addition,, also can the exercise performance of climbing robot be exerted an influence because the magnetic conduction wall is uneven, unsettled as the uneven driving wheel that may make of wall, cause driving and lost efficacy.Therefore, on the surface being the climbing robot that moves on the magnetic conduction wall of complex space curved surface, when requiring it to have strong load capacity, good kinematic dexterity, also to have better self-adapting ability to the variation of magnetic conduction wall pattern and curvature.
Find that by literature search existing magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot mainly contains magnetic foot formula climbing robot, magnetic wheel type climbing robot, crawler type magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot.
Magnetic foot formula climbing robot is to be adsorbed on the wall by the absorption affinity that the magnetic foot provides, because its walking characteristics have determined that its absorption affinity must be adjustable, adopts electromagnet that absorption affinity is provided, as eight sufficient magnetic adsorption wall climbing robots of HIT's development more.Foot formula climbing robot footwork control more complicated, kinematic dexterity is bad.In addition, adopt electromagnet that absorption affinity is provided, need consumed power, and the potential safety hazard that exists accident power-off to cause.
The magnetic wheel type climbing robot is to be adsorbed on the magnetic conduction wall by absorbing force.The applying date is that January 5, application number in 2004 are " the magnet-wheel adsorbed wall-climbing robot " that 20041006429.6 patent documentation relates to, be characterized in that kinematic dexterity is better, but because effective adsorption area of magnet-wheel is little, the magnetic energy utilization rate is not high, load capacity is relatively poor, simultaneously if the magnetic conduction wall pattern that climbing robot moved changes greatly, curvature is less, then may cause the absorption affinity between magnet-wheel and the wall to reduce sharply and drive inefficacy, the magnetic wheel type climbing robot is to the variation bad adaptability of wall pattern and curvature.
The crawler type magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot is to be adsorbed on the magnetic conduction wall by the suction piece that is installed in the crawler type travel mechanism.The applying date is that April 16, application number in 2004 are " a kind of change structure crawler-type wall climbing robot " that 200410033770.9 patent documentation relates to, this crawler-type wall climbing robot has strong load capacity, variation to wall pattern and curvature has adaptive capacity preferably, but its kinematic dexterity is relatively poor, particularly when carrying out divertical motion, because contact area is big between crawler belt and the magnetic conduction wall, steering drag is big, turning radius is big, and steering flexibility is poor.
In sum, there is in the defective of the following aspects at least in existing climbing robot: (1) kinematic dexterity is good, but load capacity is not strong, and is typical in the magnetic wheel type climbing robot; (2) load capacity is strong, but kinematic dexterity is poor, and typical its steering capability is poor as the crawler type magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot, turns half through big; (3) to surface topography complexity, curvature half bad adaptability through the complex space curved surface less, that the curvature excursion is bigger.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming the weak point of prior art in combination property aspect these three of the load capacity, kinematic dexterity, curved surface adaptive, design a kind of magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot with curved surface adaptive ability, make it when having strong load capacity, good kinematic dexterity, variation to wall pattern and curvature has adaptivity preferably, thereby solves problems of the prior art.
The invention provides a kind of magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot with curved surface adaptive ability, comprise wheeled travel mechanism and a plurality of permanent magnetic adhesion device, described wheeled travel mechanism comprises the chassis, be installed in the driving mechanism of being made up of motor and decelerator on the chassis, by the driving wheel and the supplemental support wheel of drive mechanism, it is characterized in that: described climbing robot adopts wheeled travel mechanism, the absorption affinity between climbing robot and the magnetic conduction wall by and the magnetic conduction wall between have the permanent magnetic adhesion device of air gap to provide; One end of described permanent magnetic adhesion device is supported on the magnetic conduction wall by supplemental support wheel mounted thereto, and the other end links to each other with described chassis or other permanent magnetic adhesion device by the curved surface adaptive mechanism with one to three rotational freedom; Described driving wheel symmetric arrangement adopts differential type of drive, relies on the differential of driving wheel to be implemented in turning on the magnetic conduction wall.
In the present invention, a kind of form of described curved surface adaptive mechanism is a cylinder hinge curved surface adaptive mechanism, this curved surface adaptive mechanism has a rotational freedom, make permanent magnetic adhesion device can regulate himself pose in one direction, be applicable to that the wall curved surface is the nearly face of cylinder situation of (comprising concave surface and convex surface) with respect to travel mechanism or other permanent magnetic adhesion device.
In the present invention, the another kind of form of described curved surface adaptive mechanism is a ball pivot curved surface adaptive mechanism, this curved surface adaptive mechanism has three rotational freedoms, make permanent magnetic adhesion device can three direction adjusted himself with respect to the pose of travel mechanism or other permanent magnetic adhesion device, be applicable to that the wall curved surface is the situation of the curved surface of sphere and other arbitrary shape.
In the present invention, the size of described permanent magnetic adhesion device is according to the radius of curvature size of the magnetic conduction wall that climbing robot moved, and the air gap excursion that is allowed is determined.
In the present invention, described driving wheel is divided into two groups, and every group of driving wheel by a cover drive mechanism, comprises at least one driving wheel in the same group of driving wheel respectively, links to each other by band or sprocket wheel synchronously between the driving wheel in described same group, realize motion synchronously.
In the present invention, described supplemental support wheel all adopts when motion and rubs between the wall and is the universal wheel of rolling friction.
In the present invention, described permanent magnetic adhesion device comprises a plurality of absorbing units, and each absorbing unit is formed B-mode magnetic circuit by two permanent magnets and a yoke; Described each absorbing unit permutation and combination or coupling are provided with, and make that each permanent magnet pole is by the row, column arranged crosswise on the described permanent magnetic adhesion device, and promptly the polarity of adjacent pole is different.
In the present invention, described permanent magnet adopts along the magnetized rectangle permanent magnet of short transverse.
In the present invention, described yoke adopts pure iron or mild steel manufacturing.
Climbing robot of the present invention is compared with prior art, has substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement:
(1) adopts the adsorbed mobile scheme of permanent magnetism noncontact, effectively overcome the contradiction between magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot adsorption capacity and kinematic dexterity: climbing robot adopts the wheeled travel mechanism of symmetrical expression, differential type of drive, kinematic dexterity is good, can turn to around the car body center, minimum turns to half through being 0; Noncontact permanent magnetic adhesion device of the present invention is when having strong adsorption capacity, owing to and be noncontact between the magnetic conduction wall, reduced the running resistance of climbing robot, when guaranteeing that climbing robot has strong load capacity, make climbing robot have good kinematic dexterity.
(2) size of each permanent magnetic adhesion device is the big size of the magnetic conducting wall curvature of face moved according to climbing robot and the permanent magnetic adhesion device that is allowed and the air gap between the magnetic conduction wall size design that changes on the climbing robot, makes the variation of the working gas gap between each permanent magnetic adhesion device and the magnetic conduction wall in allowed band.
(3) cylinder hinge and ball pivot curved surface adaptive mechanism have been designed, connect by curved surface adaptive mechanism between permanent magnetic adhesion device and wheeled travel mechanism or other the permanent magnetic adhesion device, make the permanent magnetic adhesion device of climbing robot can regulate the pose of himself automatically according to the planar condition of the magnetic conducting wall of being moved, the variation that has guaranteed the working gas gap between each permanent magnetic adhesion device and the magnetic conduction wall is in allowed band, the reliable driving and the kinematic dexterity of climbing robot have also been guaranteed simultaneously, make that promptly climbing robot is that load capacity and kinematic dexterity on the complex space curved surface (as the Francis Turbine Blades surface) is guaranteed on the surface, the variation of wall pattern (concavo-convex) and curvature is had the good adaptive performance;
(4) can select the form of curved surface adaptive mechanism according to the pattern of wall, as being the wall on the nearly face of cylinder for the surface, can select cylinder hinge curved surface adaptive mechanism, be that arbitrary surface (as bowl-shape, saddle-shaped) can be selected wall pattern better adaptability but the relatively poor relatively ball pivot curved surface adaptive mechanism of performance is transmitted in motion for wall.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the operation principle schematic diagram of the adsorbed mobile scheme of permanent magnetism noncontact.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic that the size that how changes according to curvature of curved surface size and the permanent magnetic adhesion device that is allowed and the air gap between the magnetic conduction wall is determined permanent magnetic adhesion device size and curved surface adaptive.
Fig. 3 a is the connection diagram of cylinder hinge curved surface adaptive mechanism and permanent magnetic adhesion device.
Fig. 3 b is the self adaptation effect schematic diagram of climbing robot on the nearly face of cylinder that adopts cylinder hinge curved surface adaptive mechanism.
Fig. 4 a is the connection diagram of ball pivot curved surface adaptive mechanism and permanent magnetic adhesion device.
Fig. 4 b is the self adaptation effect schematic diagram of climbing robot on sphere that adopts ball pivot curved surface adaptive mechanism.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that links to each other by cylinder hinge curved surface adaptive mechanism between the permanent magnetic adhesion device.
Fig. 6 is the principle schematic of a kind of wheeled travel mechanism of climbing robot.
Fig. 7 is the principle schematic of the another kind of wheeled travel mechanism of climbing robot.
Fig. 8 a is the absorbing unit front view that adopts B-mode magnetic circuit in the permanent magnetic adhesion device of climbing robot.
Fig. 8 b is an absorbing unit vertical view shown in Fig. 8 a.
Fig. 9 a is a kind of three-dimensional model diagram of structure of the permanent magnetic adhesion device of climbing robot.
Fig. 9 b is the three-dimensional model diagram of another kind of structure of the permanent magnetic adhesion device of climbing robot.
Figure 10 a, 10b are the positive and negative schematic three dimensional views of an embodiment with magnetic adsorption wall climbing people of curved surface adaptive function.
Figure 11 is the schematic three dimensional views with Application Example of magnetic adsorption wall climbing people of curved surface adaptive function.
The specific embodiment
Be described in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the operation principle schematic diagram of the adsorbed mobile scheme of permanent magnetism noncontact.Wherein, wheeled travel mechanism 200 leans on the absorption affinity absorption of the permanent magnetic adhesion device generation of installing on its chassis and operates on the magnetic conduction wall 100.Be (as shown in phantom in FIG.) of noncontact between permanent magnetic adhesion device and the magnetic conduction wall 100, certain air gap is arranged between the two.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic that the size that how changes according to curvature of curved surface size and the permanent magnetic adhesion device that is allowed and the air gap between the magnetic conduction wall is determined permanent magnetic adhesion device size and curved surface adaptive.Wherein, for the air gap that reduces between permanent magnetic adhesion device and the magnetic conduction wall 100 changes, bigger permanent magnetic adhesion device is divided into three less permanent magnetic adhesion devices, the size of permanent magnetic adhesion device 2 is determined according to the size of the radius of curvature size of the magnetic conduction wall 100 that climbing robot moved and permanent magnetic adhesion device that is allowed and the variation of the air gap between the magnetic conduction wall, link to each other by the curved surface adaptive mechanism 3 with one to three rotational freedom between a plurality of permanent magnetic adhesion devices 2, curved surface adaptive mechanism 3 makes each permanent magnetic adhesion device 2 to regulate himself pose with respect to magnetic conduction wall 100 according to the pattern of the magnetic conduction wall 100 that is moved.As can be seen from Figure, not with permanent magnetic adhesion deviceization greatly little and adopt curved surface adaptive mechanism before, the air gap between permanent magnetic adhesion device and the magnetic conduction wall 100 changes excessive, can cause reducing sharply of climbing robot adsorption capacity and load capacity.After permanent magnetic adhesion deviceization is greatly little and employing curved surface adaptive mechanism 3, because each little permanent magnetic adhesion device can its pose with respect to magnetic conduction wall 100 of self-regulation, air gap between permanent magnetic adhesion device and the magnetic conduction wall 100 greatly reduces, like this under the situation of permanent magnetic adhesion device gross mass or constancy of volume, make the absorption affinity between permanent magnetic adhesion device and the magnetic conduction wall change in allowed band, improved the adaptive capacity of climbing robot wall pattern and curvature variation.Therefore, the key that improves the climbing robot curved surface adaptive ability is exactly: (1) changes the size that size is determined permanent magnetic adhesion device according to the air gap that curvature of curved surface size and practical application are allowed, and guarantees that gap (air gap) variation between itself and the magnetic conduction wall is in allowed band; (2) the suitable curved surface adaptive mechanism of design connects these permanent magnetic adhesion devices according to certain mode, and the pattern that makes each permanent magnetic adhesion device can both have more wall is regulated himself pose with respect to wall.
Fig. 3 a is the connection diagram of cylinder hinge curved surface adaptive mechanism and permanent magnetic adhesion device.Wherein, two permanent magnetic adhesion devices 2 all link to each other with chassis (travel mechanism's vehicle frame) 4 by the cylinder hinge curved surface adaptive mechanism 3 with a rotational freedom, one end of permanent magnetic adhesion device is supported on the magnetic conduction wall by spherical supplemental support wheel 5, the other end (as the screw connection etc.) and curved surface adaptive mechanism 3 mechanically is connected, and can set the working gas gap of permanent magnetic adhesion device by the setting height(from bottom) of regulating chassis 4 and supplemental support wheel 5.
Fig. 3 b is the self adaptation effect schematic diagram of climbing robot on the nearly face of cylinder that adopts cylinder hinge curved surface adaptive mechanism.Wherein, because two permanent magnetic adhesion devices 2 all cylinder hinge curved surface adaptive mechanism 3 by having a rotational freedom and the chassis (vehicle frame) of travel mechanism 200 link to each other, make each permanent magnetic adhesion device 2 have a rotational freedom, can regulate its pose in one direction with respect to magnetic conduction wall 100 and other permanent magnetic adhesion device.As long as the size to fit of permanent magnetic adhesion device 2, just can guarantee that the gap between permanent magnetic adhesion device 2 and the nearly cylindrical magnetic conduction wall 100 changes in allowed limits, simultaneously can guarantee that also wheeled travel mechanism wheel can be not unsettled, make climbing robot have certain adaptive ability the variation of wall pattern and curvature.In addition, because cylinder hinge curved surface adaptive mechanism 3 only has a rotational freedom, be applicable to that mainly wall is the nearly face of cylinder situation of (comprising concave surface and convex surface).
Fig. 4 a is the johning knot schematic diagram of ball pivot curved surface adaptive mechanism and permanent magnetic adhesion device.Wherein, two permanent magnetic adhesion devices 2 ball pivot curved surface adaptive mechanism 3 by having three rotational freedoms links to each other with wheeled travel mechanism chassis 4, one end of permanent magnetic adhesion device is supported on the magnetic conduction wall by spherical supplemental support wheel 5, the other end (as the screw connection etc.) and curved surface adaptive mechanism 3 mechanically is connected, and can set the working gas gap of permanent magnetic adhesion device by the setting height(from bottom) of regulating chassis 4 and supplemental support wheel 5.Fig. 4 b is for adopting the self adaptation effect schematic diagram of climbing robot on sphere of ball pivot adaptive mechanism, wherein, because two permanent magnetic adhesion devices 2 all ball pivot curved surface adaptive mechanism 3 by having three rotational freedoms and the chassis of travel mechanism 200 link to each other, make each permanent magnetic adhesion device 2 have three rotational freedoms, can be at its pose of three direction adjusted with respect to magnetic conduction wall 100 and other permanent magnetic adhesion device.As long as the size to fit of permanent magnetic adhesion device 2, just can guarantee that the gap between permanent magnetic adhesion device 2 and the spherical magnetic conduction wall 100 changes in allowed limits, simultaneously guarantee that also wheeled travel mechanism wheel can be not unsettled, make climbing robot have certain adaptive ability the variation of wall pattern and curvature.Because ball pivot curved surface adaptive mechanism 3 has three rotational freedoms, is applicable to the curved surface of sphere or other arbitrary shape.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that links to each other by cylinder hinge curved surface adaptive mechanism between the permanent magnetic adhesion device.Wherein, three permanent magnetic adhesion devices 2 link to each other by two cylinder hinge curved surface adaptive mechanisms 3, the relative position of permanent magnetic adhesion device 2 and the wheeled travel mechanism 200 composition climbing robot that is connected mechanically, cylinder hinge curved surface adaptive mechanism makes this device have certain adaptive ability to nearly cylindrical wall.Mechanism changes ball pivot curved surface adaptive mechanism into the hinge of the cylinder shown in Fig. 5 curved surface adaptive, because the increase of rotational freedom makes this device all have better self-adapting ability for the curved surface of arbitrary shape.
Fig. 6 is the principle schematic of a kind of wheeled travel mechanism of climbing robot.Wherein, 5 and two driving wheel 6 symmetries of two supplemental support wheels of wheeled travel mechanism are installed on the chassis 4, and two driving wheels 6 adopt differential type of drive.When travel mechanism moves, if two driving wheels, 6 speed (V
L, V
R) difference, then travel mechanism can turn to around different radiuss of turn, especially, and as two driving wheels, 6 speed (V
L, V
R) big or small identical, when direction was opposite, travel mechanism can turn to around the car body center.It is the spherical universal wheel of rolling friction that two supplemental support wheels 5 adopt when motion and between the magnetic conduction wall, has reduced running resistance, has improved kinematic dexterity.
Fig. 7 is the principle schematic of the another kind of wheeled travel mechanism of climbing robot.Wherein, be furnished with 6, four driving wheels 6 of four driving wheels on the chassis 4 and be divided into two groups, the interior driving wheel of each group passes through synchronous band or chain 7 is continuous synchronously, and every group of driving wheel overlaps drive mechanism by one respectively.When wheeled travel mechanism moves, if the speed (V of two groups of driving wheels
L, V
R) difference, then travel mechanism can turn to around different radiuss of turn, especially, and as the speed (V of two groups of driving wheels
L, V
R) big or small identical, when direction was opposite, travel mechanism can turn to around the car body center.
Fig. 8 a is the absorbing unit front view that adopts B-mode magnetic circuit in the permanent magnetic adhesion device of climbing robot, and Fig. 8 b is an absorbing unit vertical view shown in Fig. 8 a.Absorbing unit is made up of a yoke 8 and two permanent magnets 9, yoke 8 and permanent magnet 9 magnetic poles are arranged according to mode shown in Fig. 8 a and the 8b and are constituted B-mode magnetic circuit, the permanent magnet 9 of described absorbing unit adopts along the magnetized rectangle permanent magnet of short transverse, permanent magnet 9 can adopt manufacturings such as high performance permanent magnetic materials such as NdFeB, and yoke 8 adopts pure iron or mild steel (as Q235 etc.) to make.
Fig. 9 a is a kind of three-dimensional model diagram of structure of the permanent magnetic adhesion device of climbing robot.Wherein, permanent magnetic adhesion device comprises 6 absorbing units that are made of yoke 8 and permanent magnet 9 as shown in Figure 8.Each absorbing unit permutation and combination (coupling) makes that each permanent magnet pole is by the row, column arranged crosswise on the permanent magnetic adhesion device on the permanent magnetic adhesion device, and the polarity of adjacent pole is different.Be in the size difference of each permanent magnet of different spatial on the permanent magnetic adhesion device, magnet size is determined according to the coupling situation of absorbing unit magnetic circuit, the permanent magnet that two kinds of dimensions are arranged among Fig. 9 a, less permanent magnet is of a size of 5.0cm * 2.5cm * 1.0cm shown in Fig. 9 a, the size 5.0cm of bigger permanent magnet * 5cm * 1.0cm shown in Fig. 9 a, yoke 1 is of a size of 18cm * 11cm * 0.85cm.Permanent magnetic adhesion device shown in Fig. 9 a is manufactured experimently, permanent magnetic adhesion device is of a size of 18cm * 11cm * 1.85cm, heavy 2.3kg, when the air gap between climbing robot and magnetic conduction wall (steel plate) is 7mm, the absorption affinity of about 1900N can be provided, and the ratio of permanent magnetic adhesion device absorption affinity and deadweight is about 83.
Fig. 9 b is the three-dimensional model diagram of another kind of structure of the permanent magnetic adhesion device of climbing robot.Wherein, permanent magnetic adhesion device comprises 12 absorbing units that are made of yoke 8 and permanent magnet 9 as shown in Figure 8, each absorbing unit is coupled according to the mode of similar Fig. 9 a, have the permanent magnet of four kinds of dimensions among Fig. 9 b, be respectively 5.0cm * 2.5cm * 1.0cm, 5.0cm * 5.0cm * 1.0cm, 10.0cm * 2.5cm * 1.0cm and 10.0cm * 5.0cm * 1.0cm.In addition, yoke is of a size of 22cm * 18cm * 0.85cm among Fig. 9 b, permanent magnetic adhesion device is of a size of 22cm * 18cm * 1.85cm, heavy 4.6kg, when being 7mm according to the air gap of The results between climbing robot and magnetic conduction wall (steel plate), the absorption affinity of about 4100N can be provided, and the ratio of permanent magnetic adhesion device absorption affinity and deadweight is about 89.
Figure 10 a, 10b are the positive and negative schematic three dimensional views of an embodiment with magnetic adsorption wall climbing people of curved surface adaptive function.Wherein, travel mechanism chassis 4, supplemental support wheel 5, driving wheel 6, decelerator 10 and motor 11 are formed similar wheeled travel mechanism shown in Figure 6, only be that with the difference of wheeled travel mechanism shown in Figure 6 travel mechanism shown in Figure 6 supplemental support universal wheel 5 is 2, and supplemental support universal wheel 2 is 12 in the wheeled travel mechanism of present embodiment.The two cover drive unit drive that two driving wheels 6 are made up of decelerator 10 and motor 11 respectively in the wheeled travel mechanism of present embodiment.The described climbing robot of present embodiment comprises 6 permanent magnetic adhesion devices 2 shown in Fig. 9 a, permanent magnetic adhesion device 2 one ends are supported on the magnetic conduction wall by supplemental support universal spherical wheel 5, and logical cylinder hinge of the other end or ball curved surface adaptive mechanism 3 are connected with travel mechanism chassis 4.Relative position on the permanent magnetic adhesion device in the present embodiment between the permanent magnet 9 is fixing by screw 12.In the present embodiment, by travel mechanism chassis 4 and supplemental support wheel 5 air gaps that can control between permanent magnetic adhesion device and the magnetic conduction wall.In actual applications, can select the curved surface adaptive mechanism of adequate types according to the actual conditions of magnetic conduction wall.For example, the climbing robot shown in Figure 10 a and the 10b can be used as the robot of repairing Francis Turbine Blades, and this robot adopts ball pivot curved surface adaptive mechanism.Emulation and experimental result show that ball pivot curved surface adaptive mechanism can guarantee that the air gap between permanent magnetic adhesion device and the turbine blade surface changes within allowed band and the climbing robot kinematic dexterity.
Figure 11 is the schematic three dimensional views with Application Example of magnetic adsorption wall climbing people of curved surface adaptive function.Wherein, multiple degrees of freedom Work machine arm 400 is installed on the magnetic adsorption wall climbing people 300 with curved surface adaptive function of the present invention, forms and repairs (processing) robot, can replace the people to carry out repair operations such as (as grinding, welding) on the magnetic conduction wall.
Except the foregoing description, the magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot with curved surface adaptive ability of the present invention can also be done further to improve and change, and does not exceed scope of the present invention.For example, curved surface adaptive mechanism also can adopt the mechanism with two rotational freedoms; For adapting to the needs of a certain operations specific environment, the number of the driving wheel of the differential driving of wheeled travel mechanism also can be more, are divided into two groups such as 6 driving wheels, respectively by two motor drive; The quantity of supplemental support wheel can determine according to actual needs, is the universal wheel of rolling friction (during motion) between that auxiliary bearing wheel also can adopt other form and the wall; The noncontact permanent magnetic adhesion device can comprise more a plurality of absorbing units that are coupled according to the mode of similar Fig. 9 a and 9b.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot with curved surface adaptive ability, comprise wheeled travel mechanism and a plurality of permanent magnetic adhesion device, described wheeled travel mechanism comprises the chassis, be installed in the driving mechanism of being made up of motor and decelerator on the chassis, by the driving wheel and the supplemental support wheel of drive mechanism, it is characterized in that: described climbing robot adopts wheeled travel mechanism, the absorption affinity between climbing robot and the magnetic conduction wall by and the magnetic conduction wall between have the permanent magnetic adhesion device of air gap to provide; One end of described permanent magnetic adhesion device is supported on the magnetic conduction wall by supplemental support wheel mounted thereto, and the other end links to each other with described chassis or other permanent magnetic adhesion device by the curved surface adaptive mechanism with one to three rotational freedom; Described driving wheel symmetric arrangement adopts differential type of drive, relies on the differential of driving wheel to be implemented in turning on the magnetic conduction wall.
2, the magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot with curved surface adaptive ability as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described curved surface adaptive mechanism is a cylinder hinge curved surface adaptive mechanism, have a rotational freedom, make described permanent magnetic adhesion device can regulate himself pose in one direction with respect to wheeled travel mechanism or other permanent magnetic adhesion device.
3, the magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot with curved surface adaptive ability as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described curved surface adaptive mechanism is a ball pivot curved surface adaptive mechanism, have three rotational freedoms, make permanent magnetic adhesion device can three direction adjusted himself with respect to the pose of travel mechanism or other permanent magnetic adhesion device.
4, the magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot with curved surface adaptive ability as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the size of described permanent magnetic adhesion device is according to the radius of curvature size of the magnetic conduction wall that climbing robot moved, and the air gap excursion that is allowed is determined.
5, the magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot with curved surface adaptive ability as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described driving wheel is divided into two groups, every group of driving wheel is respectively by a cover drive mechanism, comprise at least one driving wheel in the same group of driving wheel, link to each other by synchronous band or sprocket wheel between the driving wheel in described same group, realize the synchronous of motion.
6, the magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot with curved surface adaptive ability as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described supplemental support wheel all adopts when motion and rubs between the wall and is the universal wheel of rolling friction.
7, the magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot with curved surface adaptive ability as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described permanent magnetic adhesion device comprises a plurality of absorbing units, and each absorbing unit is formed B-mode magnetic circuit by two permanent magnets and a yoke; Described each absorbing unit permutation and combination or coupling are provided with, and make that each permanent magnet pole is by the row, column arranged crosswise on the described permanent magnetic adhesion device, and promptly the polarity of adjacent pole is different.
8, the magnetic adsorption wall climbing robot with curved surface adaptive ability as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: described permanent magnet adopts along the magnetized rectangle permanent magnet of short transverse.
9, as claim 7 or 8 described magnetic adsorption wall climbing robots with curved surface adaptive ability, it is characterized in that: described yoke adopts pure iron or mild steel manufacturing.
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