CN1734923A - Electric power steering device - Google Patents
Electric power steering device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1734923A CN1734923A CN 200410056705 CN200410056705A CN1734923A CN 1734923 A CN1734923 A CN 1734923A CN 200410056705 CN200410056705 CN 200410056705 CN 200410056705 A CN200410056705 A CN 200410056705A CN 1734923 A CN1734923 A CN 1734923A
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- motor
- diode
- brachium pontis
- bridge circuit
- steering device
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Abstract
This invention relates to power dynamic steering device aimed to avoid the control device macro-scale and reliability decreasing and realize corresponding protection for wrong connection for battery polar and prevent the increase of steer force for FEP conducting failure. The method comprises, using bridge circuit to electrify to the said motor to make the dynamic force form motor act on steering device; wherein, the bridge circuit comprises predetermined bridge arms composed of circuits in series to parallel the switch element and diode and make said diodes has opposite polar.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric motor driven power steering (steering) device.
Background technology
All the time, with the motor of seeking to alleviate fuel cost etc. as the driven steering device of power with respect to oil pressure as the oil pressure power steering gear of power practicability day by day.
The control device of such driven steering device, as shown in Figure 3, has the bridge circuit that constitutes by 4 MOS type field-effect transistors (to call FET in the following text) Q1~Q4, battery B is connected between its input terminal, DC motor M is connected between its lead-out terminal, conducting drives or PWM drives by the FET that constitutes opposite side is carried out, and direction or right drive left.
Again, constitute 1 among the FETQ1~Q4 of bridge circuit, under producing (Q3 produces the situation of conducting failure among Fig. 3) such as the situation of the fault (to call " conducting failure " in the following text) of non-driven state also conducting, even control device detects this conducting failure and stops control, also form the loop circuit of formation of the parasitic diode of DC motor M → FETQ3 → FETQ4, the driver is when operating the rudder, DC motor is as generator work and flow out generation current (stalling current) (representing with solid arrow among Fig. 3), therefore cause the driver to operate the rudder needed steering force greatly, the problem that exists the sense of operating the rudder significantly to worsen than the situation (being hand steering power) that only stops to control.
In order to address this problem, as shown in Figure 4 motor relay RI is inserted between the lead-out terminal and DC motor M of bridge circuit, in control device, produce and comprise under any unusual situation of conducting failure, by disconnecting this motor relay R1, prevent to form above-mentioned closed circuit, and prevent that the steering force that needs from becoming big.
Patent documentation 1: the special fair 7-96387 communique of Japan
In the FETQ1~Q4 that constitutes this bridge circuit, structurally there is parasitic diode, therefore when battery being connected between the input terminal of bridge circuit, in case connection polarity is made mistakes (shown in Fig. 3 dotted line), to produce short circuit current by this parasitic diode circulation (the with dashed lines arrow is represented among Fig. 3), destroy the problem of FETQ1~Q4, take place for preventing this situation, as shown in Figure 4, between input terminal and battery, insert normal switch power supply relay R 2.
Patent documentation 2: No. 2506269 communiques of Japan's special permission
Again, be similarly and addressed this problem, also advised between each input terminal of bridge circuit, inserting the two point relay.
Patent documentation 3: TOHKEMY 2001-106098 communique
In above-mentioned control device, all need to insert relay.And two fermentation for addressing the above problem, two relays of essential insertion.This relay in driven steering device, flows through the electric current of tens of A just often making electric current flow through motor, therefore must adopt the big large-scale relay of current capacity, has hindered the miniaturization of control device.
Again; bigger relay is arranged under the first-class situation of substrate; as long as its deviation of gravity center (being higher than) is provided with face; just might take place to have installed relatively a little less than the vibration resistance of various vibrations (engine luggine and the vibration of travelling) of vehicle of driven steering device; the situation of the connecting portion broken string of relay; and; the contact of relay may take place deposited; take place under the deposited situation at its contact; the steering force that can't prevent the needs that the FET conducting failure causes increases; and can not protect when connecting in battery polar mistake, also there is harmful effect the raising aspect of the reliability of control device.
The present invention makes in order to address the above problem; its purpose is; providing a kind of does not cause control device to maximize and the reliability reduction; can prevent that the situation that the FET conducting failure causes that the steering force that needs increases from preventing, and can realize the driven steering device of the protection under the situation of battery polar misconnection.
Summary of the invention
Driven steering device of the present invention, have power supply is connected between the input terminal, on the other hand motor is connected in the bridge circuit between the lead-out terminal, by this bridge circuit above-mentioned motor is switched on, make motor power act on steering, in this driven steering device, above-mentioned bridge circuit comprises specified quantity, make above-mentioned diode opposite polarity ground each other, the brachium pontis that switch element is connected with the circuit of diode parallel connection and constituted.
Again, motor is a DC motor, bridge circuit is formed by 4 brachium pontis, side to relative brachium pontis carries out the conducting driving, its the opposing party is carried out PWM to be driven, the brachium pontis that conducting drives is to make above-mentioned diode opposite polarity ground each other, and the circuit of switch element and diode parallel connection is connected to be formed.
Again, motor is a DC motor, and bridge circuit is formed by 4 brachium pontis, and all brachium pontis are to make above-mentioned diode opposite polarity ground each other, and the circuit of switch element and diode parallel connection is connected to be formed.
Again, motor is a threephase motor, and bridge circuit is formed by 6 brachium pontis, and all brachium pontis are to make above-mentioned diode opposite polarity ground each other, and switch element is connected with the circuit of diode parallel connection to be formed.
And, make above-mentioned diode opposite polarity ground each other, on the tie point that the circuit that switch element is in parallel with diode is connected in series, at least one end of the capacitor that connection removal noise is used.
Also have, switch element is a field-effect transistor, and the diode that is connected in parallel is the parasitic diode of above-mentioned field-effect transistor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates the formation and the action of an execution mode of driven steering device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the primary structure figure of another execution mode of driven steering device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 illustrates the structure and the action of the bridge circuit in the existing driven steering device.
Fig. 4 illustrates the structure of the bridge circuit in the existing driven steering device and the figure of action.
Symbol description
1. microcomputer, 2. torque sensor, 3. vehicle speed sensor, 4. current sensor, 5. drive circuit, 6. bridge circuit, M is a DC motor, B is a battery, Q1~Q4 and Q11~Q42 are MOS type field-effect transistor, C1 and C2 are for removing the noise capacitor, and R1 is a motor relay, and R2 is a power supply relay.
Embodiment
Below an embodiment of the present invention is described.Fig. 1 is the overall structure figure of one embodiment of the present invention.Driven steering device is a device as described below, be that microcomputer 1 is according to the torque sensor 2 detected torques of operating the rudder that act on the system of operating the rudder (not shown), the speed of a motor vehicle that vehicle speed sensor 3 is measured, the input of the electric current of the inflow DC motor that current sensor 4 is measured etc., calculate the assist torque and the auxiliary direction that need, to be sent to drive circuit 5 with the corresponding target motor current of this assist torque and with the corresponding motor driven direction of auxiliary direction, conducting drives drive circuit 5 or PWM drives by the FETQ11~Q42 that constitutes bridge circuit is carried out, drive DC motor M, the torque that this DC motor M is taken place by reductor (not shown) is added in the system of operating the rudder with auxiliary steering force.
Bridge circuit in the driven steering device of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1 by the parallel circuits of 8 switch elements and diode (Q11~Q42) constitute, switch element adopts FET, diode is made of the parasitic diode of FET.In addition, a brachium pontis of bridge circuit is that two FET are constituted as a pair of (Q11 and Q12, Q21 and Q22, Q31 and Q32, Q41 and Q42), and this a pair of FET is connected in series, and making mutual parasitic diode is opposite polarity.(following Q11 among these FET, Q21, Q32, Q42 are called inverted-F ET, Q12, Q22, Q31, Q41 are called forward FET.
Driven steering device of the present invention is as the above-mentioned drive signal that is used to self-driven circuit 58 FET to be carried out conducting driving or PWM driving, make DC motor M produce right and left to the device of torque (assist torque), the drive signal to this drive circuit 5 describes below.
At first, when connecting the IG switch (not shown) of vehicle, promptly provide power supply, start microcomputer 1 by battery B.Microcomputer 1 carries out familiar usually unusual judgement when starting, and to starting circuit 5 output action orders.Drive circuit 5 outputs that receive this action command are all carried out the signal that conducting drives to inverted-F ETQ11, Q21, Q32, Q42.Export at ordinary times this inverted-F ETQ11, Q21, Q32, Q42 carried out the signal that conducting drives, up to the IG switch disconnect or microcomputer 1 detect take place in the system certain unusual and stop control till.Microcomputer 1 also receives the output of torque sensor 2, vehicle speed sensor 3, current sensor 4 etc., decision assist torque and auxiliary direction, and will be sent to drive circuit 5 with these corresponding target motor currents and motor driven direction, drive circuit 5 carries out to the forward FET (Q12 and Q41 or Q22 and Q31) of the relative brachium pontis that forms bridge circuit in view of the above that conducting drives or the PWM driving.
Driven steering device of the present invention constitutes as described above, even the polarity of misconnection battery B also can utilize the parasitic diode of inverted-F ETQ11, Q21, Q32, Q42 to prevent that short circuit current from flowing.Again, when conducting failure took place any 1 FET, when for example conducting failure took place forward FETQ12, microcomputer 1 detected the conducting failure of this forward FETQ12, and drive circuit 5 stops to all 8 FET output drive signals.Therefore remove the forward FETQ12 of generation conducting failure 7 FET all by by.If this state, even the driver operates the rudder, DC motor M is as engine operation, if the solid arrow direction among Fig. 1, the parasitic diode of forward FETQ22 can be utilized,, the parasitic diode of inverted-F ETQ21 and forward Q12 can be utilized if instead be the dotted arrow direction among Fig. 1, prevent that stalling current from passing through, driver's necessary steering force of operating the rudder will can not surpass hand steering power.
Again, driven steering device of the present invention constitutes as mentioned above, does not adopt the relay as large component in the parts that constitute control device, therefore can not cause the maximization of control device, in addition, when being arranged on the substrate, center of gravity is lower with respect to real estate, to the vibration tolerance height of vehicle, the possibility of connecting portion broken string is extremely low, also have, it is deposited to need not to worry that contact takes place as relay, and the reliability of control device has had leap to improve.
Among Fig. 1, will remove between capacitor C1 that noise uses, the tie point a-c that C2 is connected a pair of FET and between the b-d again.By such connection, even under the situation of the polarity of misconnection battery B, also can need not to utilize the parasitic diode of inverted-F ET to apply reverse voltage and can protect this capacitor to capacitor C1, C2.And, the connection of this capacitor, even be not the connection of Fig. 1, also for example connect like that between the picture point a-ground and between the some b-ground or between the some c-battery and between the d-battery, its main points are, if the parasitic diode that can prevent to utilize inverted-F ET applies the connection of reverse voltage to capacitor, just can play same effect.
Again, in the above-mentioned execution mode, to inverted-F ETQ11, Q21, Q32, Q42 carries out control period, often take to make the mode of its conducting, for example, also can be when the driving direction of corresponding DC motor M drives FETQ12 and Q41, inverted-F ETQ11 and Q42 are carried out the conducting driving, when forward FETQ22 and Q31 are driven, inverted-F ETQ21 and Q32 are carried out the conducting driving, in addition, also can forward FET and inverted-F ET pairing (Q11 and the Q12 of the brachium pontis of bridge circuit will be constituted, Q21 and Q22, Q31 and Q32, Q41 and Q42) drive simultaneously.In this case, when FETQ11 and Q12, FETQ41 and Q42 conducting, carry out complementarity drive make Q21 and Q22, Q31 and Q32 by.
Other execution modes to driven steering device of the present invention describe below.When adopting bridge circuit that DC motor is carried out reversible rotation and driven, there are known to usually both sides to relative brachium pontis to carry out driving method that PWM drives and a side of relative brachium pontis is carried out the conducting driving, the opposing party is carried out the PWM method of driving.The generation state of the conducting failure of the FET when adopting the latter's driving method describes below.
Below just for example in Fig. 3, hot side FET (Q1 or Q2) is carried out conducting and drives, the situation of low potential side FET (Q3 or Q4) being carried out the PWM driving describes, in an A (one the terminal of DC motor M), cause under the state of earth fault, in case carry out the conducting driving and low potential side FETQ4 carried out PWM driving to rotating the hot side FETQ1 that drives DC motor M, produce short circuit current sometimes and flow into FETQ1, FETQ1 is damaged and causes the situation of conducting failure.On the other hand, in a B (another terminal of DC motor M), produce under the state of short trouble, in case carry out the conducting driving to rotating the hot side FETQ1 that drives DC motor M, and low potential side FETQ4 is carried out PWM drive, short circuit current will flow into FETQ4, and at this moment, FETQ4 is driven by PWM, controlled by the load (duty) of this pwm signal by the electric current of FETQ4, thereby FETQ4 is unlikely to be damaged.
On the contrary, among Fig. 3, just hot side FET (Q1 or Q2) being carried out PWM drives, the situation of low potential side FET (Q3 or Q4) being carried out the conducting driving describes, in an A, cause under the state of earth fault, in case carry out the PWM driving and low potential side FETQ4 carried out conducting driving to rotating the hot side FETQ1 that drives DC motor M, short circuit current will flow into FETQ1, at this moment, FETQ1 is driven by PWM, controlled by the load (duty) of this pwm signal by the electric current of FETQ1, thereby FETQ1 is unlikely to be damaged.On the other hand, produce at a B under the state of short trouble, in case carry out the PWM driving to rotating the hot side FETQ1 that drives DC motor M, and low potential side FETQ4 is carried out conducting drive, produce short circuit current sometimes and flow into FETQ4, FETQ4 is damaged and causes the situation of conducting failure.
As mentioned above, side to the relative brachium pontis of bridge circuit carries out the conducting driving, the opposing party is carried out under the situation of PWM method of driving in employing, what produce conducting failure is the brachium pontis that conducting drives a side, and the possibility of a side generation conducting failure that drives at PWM is extremely low.
The bridge circuit of other execution modes of driven steering device of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, the hot side brachium pontis is the same with existing bridge circuit to be made of single FET (Q1 and Q2).On the other hand, the low potential side brachium pontis is by forward (Q31 and Q41) and inverted-F ET (Q32 and Q42) (Q31 and Q32 in pairs, Q41 paired with Q42) formation respectively in pairs, and this is connected to FET, and to make mutual parasitic diode be opposite polarity.In this bridge circuit 6, the FET (Q1 or Q2) of high-order side brachium pontis is carried out PWM drive, the forward FET (Q31 or Q41) of low potential side brachium pontis is carried out conducting drive.Again, inverted-F ETQ32 and Q42 are switched on driving during the control device action of being everlasting.
In such bridge circuit 6, the low potential side brachium pontis constitutes for a pair of FET by 2, constitute among the FET (Q31, Q32, Q41, Q42) of low potential side brachium pontis, even any 1 conducting failure takes place, also can utilize normal FET to prevent to form the loop circuit that comprises DC motor M, therefore can make DC motor M rotation by driver's steering,, prevent that the needed steering force of steering from increasing as engine operation.Again, the hot side brachium pontis to PWM drives as described above, because it is extremely low to produce the possibility of conducting failure, so need not to be provided with inverted-F ET in order to the conducting failure generation in the reality.
Again, in such bridge circuit 6, even the polarity of misconnection battery B also can utilize the parasitic diode of inverted-F ETQ32 and Q42 to prevent that short circuit current from passing through.Execution mode that promptly driven steering device of this execution mode can be above-mentioned relatively 1 reduces the quantity of the FET that uses and does not cause reliability to reduce on substance, and further miniaturization and low cost.
In addition, in the above-mentioned execution mode, formation is object with the DC motor, can constitute 4 brachium pontis of bridge circuit, the bridge circuit that adds up to 8 FET to form, but certainly, even other motor also can play same effect, about as threephase motors such as DC brushless motor, adopting the device of the bridge circuit of three-phase (6 brachium pontis), under the situation that adopts motor relay, each all needs motor relay mutually, therefore the relay quantity that is provided with increases, thereby causes control device to maximize and the reliability reduction.Yet, if according to the present invention, utilize 6 brachium pontis of this invention, 12 FET to form bridge circuit, then for DC motor needn't as described above will be all relay, therefore can not cause control device to maximize and reliability reduces, in the raising of the miniaturization of control device and reliability, better effect be arranged.
Also have, though constitute by FET in the above-described embodiment, even but use the device that transistor, IGBT and diode are connected in parallel also can obtain same effect certainly, by adopting FET as switch element and utilize the parasitic diode of its textural generation, need not to be connected in parallel in addition diode, install at circuit, play that requisite space is set is little and also save the effect in the time of connection.
As mentioned above; driven steering device of the present invention has power supply is being connected between the input terminal; on the other hand motor is connected the bridge circuit between the lead-out terminal; by this bridge circuit to the energising of above-mentioned motor and make motor power act on power steering system; in this driven steering device; above-mentioned bridge circuit comprises specified quantity; above-mentioned diode is connected in series the parallel circuits of switch element and diode and the brachium pontis that constitutes on opposite polarity ground each other; be a kind ofly can prevent that the FET conducting failure from causing the steering force of needs to increase and don't cause control device to maximize and reliability reduces, and can realize the device with the corresponding protection effect of misconnection battery.
Be again that motor is a DC motor, bridge circuit is formed by 4 brachium pontis, side to relative brachium pontis carries out the conducting driving, the opposing party is carried out PWM to be driven, the brachium pontis that conducting drives is connected the circuit of switch element and diode parallel connection and the device that forms on opposite polarity ground above-mentioned diode each other, and be a kind ofly the FET quantity of reduce using is arranged and not cause substantial reliability to reduce, and the further device of miniaturization and the effect that reduces cost.
And; be noise removal to be connected with at least one end of capacitor make the above-mentioned diode device on the tie point that is connected in series of the opposite polarity ground circuit that switch element is in parallel with diode each other; even and be to have under the situation of misconnection battery polar also can protect this electric capacity, on this capacitor, do not apply the device of the effect of reverse voltage.
Be again that switch element adopts field-effect transistor, parallel diode to adopt the device of the parasitic diode of above-mentioned field-effect transistor, and be a kind of parasitic diode of the textural generation by utilizing field-effect transistor, need not to be connected in parallel in addition diode, have that needed space is set is little and save the device of the effect that connects the time when circuit is installed.
Claims (6)
1. driven steering device has power supply is connected between the input terminal, on the other hand motor is connected in the bridge circuit between the lead-out terminal, by this bridge circuit above-mentioned motor is switched on, make motor power act on steering, it is characterized in that
Above-mentioned bridge circuit comprises specified quantity, makes above-mentioned diode opposite polarity ground each other, the brachium pontis that switch element is connected with the circuit of diode parallel connection and constituted.
2. according to the driven steering device of claim 1 record, it is characterized in that,
Motor is a DC motor, bridge circuit is formed by 4 brachium pontis, side to relative brachium pontis carries out the conducting driving, its the opposing party is carried out PWM to be driven, the brachium pontis that conducting drives is to make above-mentioned diode opposite polarity ground each other, and the circuit of switch element and diode parallel connection is connected to be formed.
3. according to the driven steering device of claim 1 record, it is characterized in that,
Motor is a DC motor, and bridge circuit is formed by 4 brachium pontis, and all brachium pontis are to make above-mentioned diode opposite polarity ground each other, and the circuit of switch element and diode parallel connection is connected to be formed.
4. according to the driven steering device of claim 1 record, it is characterized in that,
Motor is a threephase motor, and bridge circuit is formed by 6 brachium pontis, and all brachium pontis are to make above-mentioned diode opposite polarity ground each other, and switch element is connected with the circuit of diode parallel connection to be formed.
5. according to any driven steering device of being put down in writing of claim 1~4, it is characterized in that,
Make above-mentioned diode opposite polarity ground each other, on the tie point that the circuit that switch element is in parallel with diode is connected in series, at least one end of the capacitor that connection removal noise is used.
6. according to any driven steering device of being put down in writing of claim 1~5, it is characterized in that,
Switch element is a field-effect transistor, and the diode that is connected in parallel is the parasitic diode of above-mentioned field-effect transistor.
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CN 200410056705 CN1734923B (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2004-08-09 | Electric power steering device |
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CN 200410056705 CN1734923B (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2004-08-09 | Electric power steering device |
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CN1734923A true CN1734923A (en) | 2006-02-15 |
CN1734923B CN1734923B (en) | 2010-05-05 |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103108794A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2013-05-15 | 蒂森克虏伯普利斯坦有限公司 | Safety circuit for an electric motor of an electromechanical steering system |
CN104903178A (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2015-09-09 | 日本精工株式会社 | Electric power steering device |
CN105307923A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2016-02-03 | Trw有限公司 | Motor control for electric power assisted steering systems |
CN105409112A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2016-03-16 | 日立汽车系统株式会社 | Power conversion device, electric power steering system, electric vehicle, electronic control throttle, and electric brake |
CN109843701A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2019-06-04 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Electric power steering apparatus |
CN111034018A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2020-04-17 | 日本电产株式会社 | Power conversion device, motor drive unit, and electric power steering device |
Family Cites Families (3)
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JP2506269B2 (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1996-06-12 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Electric power steering device |
JP3034508B1 (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-04-17 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Motor drive |
JP3409753B2 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2003-05-26 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Electric power steering device for vehicles |
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2004
- 2004-08-09 CN CN 200410056705 patent/CN1734923B/en active Active
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103108794A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2013-05-15 | 蒂森克虏伯普利斯坦有限公司 | Safety circuit for an electric motor of an electromechanical steering system |
CN103108794B (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2016-05-25 | 蒂森克虏伯普利斯坦有限公司 | Be used for the safety circuit of the electro-motor of electromechanical steering gear |
CN104903178A (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2015-09-09 | 日本精工株式会社 | Electric power steering device |
CN104903178B (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2017-02-22 | 日本精工株式会社 | Electric power steering device |
CN105307923A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2016-02-03 | Trw有限公司 | Motor control for electric power assisted steering systems |
CN105307923B (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2018-06-26 | Trw有限公司 | It is controlled for the motor of electric boosting steering system |
CN105409112A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2016-03-16 | 日立汽车系统株式会社 | Power conversion device, electric power steering system, electric vehicle, electronic control throttle, and electric brake |
CN105409112B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2018-06-08 | 日立汽车系统株式会社 | Power-converting device, electric boosting steering system, electric vehicle, electronic control throttle, dynamo-electric brake |
CN109843701A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2019-06-04 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Electric power steering apparatus |
CN111034018A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2020-04-17 | 日本电产株式会社 | Power conversion device, motor drive unit, and electric power steering device |
CN111034018B (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2023-06-20 | 日本电产株式会社 | Power conversion device, motor drive unit, and electric power steering device |
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