CN1731732A - A high-concurrency streaming media server system that realizes video quality and transmission rate control - Google Patents
A high-concurrency streaming media server system that realizes video quality and transmission rate control Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Disclosed is a stream media server system for supporting high quantity of coincidence and realizing video quality and control of sending rate. The system employs a new structure for improving quantity of coincidence users and combining delivering rate and video quality controlling, providing uniform realization mode. The system comprises master control process, RTSP communication process and media data delivering process. The invention employs message hub communication structure among the processes and all communications between processes are controlled by master control process. The communication mode between processes is message queue and socket, except the media data delivering process, all processes operate on one computer. The core of media data delivering process is video quality control, delivering rate control and RTP package delivering.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the network multimedia technology field.Specifically, relate generally to a kind of high subsequent stream medium server system that can realize video quality and transmission rate control.
Background technology
Streaming Media refers to use stream transmission technology transfer audio frequency, video and multimedia file etc. in network.The characteristics of stream transmission technology are being put on the server of network after the compression of continuous Voice ﹠ Video information via, while the network user downloads and listens to or watch, and needn't wait until whole file download is finished.At present, all carried out the Streaming Media application on more and more enterprises net and the campus network, the rise of stream media technology simultaneously also more and more has been subjected to showing great attention to of academia and industrial quarters.But the application charges of Streaming Media is relatively high, particularly aspect the teletransmission stream media information.In view of present most enterprises have all adopted many generic server products, and the cost of this series products is more and more lower, many manufacturers release one after another with the Streaming Media solution of generic server product as hardware platform, by streaming media server software is installed, just can satisfy enterprise's Streaming Media demands of applications on generic server.Use more streaming media server software to mainly contain the Darwin StreamingServer of the Helix Server of RealNetworks company, the Windows Media Server of Microsoft company (being designated hereinafter simply as the Media Server of Microsoft) and Apple company in the world, they are in occupation of most market shares.And the Media Server of Microsoft wins gradually in the recent period, becomes the main flow in the main flow.
But these streaming media servers generally have to realize good buffering control and Streaming Media speed smoothing technique, and the transmission rate fluctuation is very big, and the service quality of thin-client is made a big impact; On the other hand, these streaming media servers can not set-top boxes or the desired such client buffer district that controls of wireless terminal to the set-point scope, cause buffering area to overflow easily.More in the world streaming media server software systems also exist concurrent performance bad at present, poor expandability, multiple client is also deposited problems such as incompatible, for example there are the problems such as player of only supporting multimachine loose coupling cluster, windows platform, Microsoft type in the Media of Microsoft Server, has greatly limited the application of stream media technology.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of stream media server system that can realize the high concurrent number of support of video quality and transmission rate control, to solve above-mentioned main current flow media server poor expandability, single, the comprehensive inadequately problem of support request type of supporting platform.
The stream media server system that the present invention proposes adopts novel method to improve its concurrent user number, and both are organically merged according to the characteristics of transmission rate and video quality control, provided unified implementation pattern, make transmission rate and video quality control collaborative work, promoted the service quality of Streaming Media effectively.This system comprises three processes: master control process, RTSP (real-time streaming protocol) communication process and media data send process; Wherein, master control management of process and coordinate the operation of other processes, the RTSP communication process is responsible for the transmission with the RTSP interactive information of client, and media data transmission process is responsible for sending media data; Communication structure between each process adopts message hub version; Communication mode between each process adopts message queue mode and socket mode: master control process and RTSP communication process all operate on the computer, the mode of message queue is adopted in communication each other, and media data sends process and the socket mode is adopted in the master control process communication.
Among the present invention, a master control process is managed other processes as a whole by the different communication mode, and the framework of this master-slave mode can add functional module easily, and is very little to the previous system influence.Fig. 1 is the overall logic Organization Chart of this system.
Communication structure between each process adopts message hub (Hub) version, does not promptly carry out direct communication between other all processes, and host process is all passed through in all interprocess communications.Compare with the scheme of the direct mutual communication of each process, processing scheme is convenient to centralized control in the message set, realizes that simply logic is clear; Communication mode between each process is adopted as message queue mode and Socket (socket) mode.Except media data transmission process, other each processes all operate on the computer, so adopt the mode of message queue to communicate each other, what can guarantee to communicate by letter is efficient and reliable.Send process as for media data, because it is responsible for the transmission of physical medium data, need a large amount of system resource, have several media datas that operate on the different machines and send the process collaborative work, so, media data transmission process adopts socket communication mode and master control process to communicate, can guarantee to communicate by letter efficient and reliably.Send process by connecting a plurality of media datas, can strengthen the concurrent number that whole streaming media server is supported, certain redundancy protecting is provided.
Among the present invention, it is unified by a master control borad (two processes of RTSP process and master control process and hardware system thereof lump together note and do master control borad) management that each plays plate (media data sends process and the supporting hardware system is collectively referred to as the broadcast plate), all user's requests all navigate to master control borad, and master control borad independently carries out load balancing between each hardware device and broadcast plate.
The not responsible media data of RTSP communication process sends, and this process adopts the single-threaded technology of distributing, and to improve concurrency, a cover RTSP process and master control process can be with one or more media datas to send process, are with good expansibility.
Media data transmission process is responsible for video quality control, transmission rate control and RTP packing and is sent.This process is got next frame (k frame) data from the meshwork buffering district, modulate the k frame data according to the output of video quality control module and transmission rate control module, the k frame data after the modulation is broken into RTP (RTP) bag send.The method of video quality control module utilization proportional integral is come the output video quality Q according to proportional integral COEFFICIENT K p, Ki.
This master-slave architecture of the present invention makes a cover server system can be equipped with dissimilar broadcast plates, thereby can support multiple client-requested such as Media Player, QuickTime and IPTV set-top box simultaneously.This system architecture is all taken many scheduling features that depend on the operating system realization back the server upper strata and is realized, and does optimization according to the concrete characteristics that Streaming Media is used.Therefore this system does not rely on the special support of operating system, plays between plate and the master control borad to connect by network, and master control borad may operate on the different hardware and software platforms with the broadcast plate, has professional platform independence.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is general frame figure of the present invention.Wherein, shown correspondence between each process.The operation of master control management of process and other processes of coordination; The RTSP communication process is responsible for the transmission with the RTSP control information of client; Media data transmission process is responsible for sending media data.
Fig. 2 is the workflow diagram that media data sends process.
Fig. 3 is video quality control, transmission rate control and RTP packing transmission flow.
Fig. 4 is the video quality control strategy; Wherein, Q represents quality control signal amount, K
pBe the proportional coefficient of proportional and integral controller, K
iBe the integral item coefficient of proportional and integral controller, Integ is the output of integrator; Ref is for receiving the reference value of buffer area data volume.
Embodiment
Further introduce embodiments of the present invention below.
The first, the operation of other processes is in charge of and is coordinated to master control process (Main Process), is made of following module:
A. initialization module; Create master data structure, the media file information table on the load server and his some initial work of master control process;
B.RTSP (real-time streaming protocol) and RTCP (RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol) bag parsing module are responsible for the parsing of RTSP bag and RTCP bag;
C. respond the RTSP information module:
Connect: if there is client-requested to connect, at first user profile is authenticated, call the schedule information table then and admit control, judge the server new client-side service request of whether having the ability to accept again.If this connection request of refusal is then directly notified client, if accept this connection request, then distribute to the relevant informations such as server end slogan that client sends data, and the corresponding management information on the update service device;
Play:, send instructions and play the corresponding management information on the update service device to corresponding media data transmission process according to the reproduction time information of file ID and RTSP;
Suspend or reorientate: the corresponding management information on the update service device, and notice media data transmission process stops to send data or notice media data transmission process is reorientated the transmission data;
Close connection: the corresponding management information on the update service device, and notice media data transmission process stops to send media data and removes this connection;
D. respond the RTCP information module:
The master control process receives that whenever a RTCP wraps the flow control work of doing.For adapting to the needs of network development, we design by friendly flow control (the TCP-Friendly Rate Control) mode of TCP.Different is in the feedback packet of TCP, or to be packet loss information, or to be the affirmation information of receiving bag; How much and in the RTCP feedback packet, have only information of packet loss, and feed back untimely.Therefore as follows based on the flow control methods of RTCP feedback information: the packet loss substantially constant of being reported when adjacent several RTCP feedback packet or when downward trend is arranged, slowly promote the transmission rate (if transmission rate reached a higher limit, then no longer increase transmission rate) of server to this session; The packet loss of being reported when the RTCP feedback packet that obtains recently was when rising to some extent in the past, and transmission rate fast descends;
E. respond the feedback information module that media data sends process: media data sends process and reports media data transmission running state of a process to the master control process, and the master control process is done corresponding processing;
F. respond the information of other processes on the main control server.
The second, RTSP communication process (RTSP Communication Process).The RTSP agreement is the transmission interactive instruction agreement of (as setting up and discharging Streaming Media and is connected, suspends broadcasts, drag control information such as broadcast), and for the reliability that guarantees that command information transmits, RTSP information utilizes the TCP connection to transmit on the industrial standard.In the realization of streaming media server, generally follow the processing custom that TCP connects, but each TCP connects and starts a thread and easily cause thread resources to exhaust (number of threads that process can start is very limited), so still have at hardware resource under the situation of very big affluence, limited the concurrent number that server is supported owing to Thread Count is limited.In RTSP communication process module, set up the RTSP listening port earlier, response user's RTSP connects, receive a plurality of users' RTSP packet, and packet according to the rules form add in the reception message queue of master control process, from the transmission message queue of host process, read the RTSP packet again, and mail to the RTSP socket of relative users.Like this, RTSP communication process module just can make full use of the RTSP connection characteristics, adopts the mode of socket poll dexterously, adopts single-threaded wholesale technology (STD), has avoided the limited problem of Thread Count.
The 3rd, media data sends process (Media Data Sender Process).Media data transmission process is responsible for sending media data according to Streaming Media standard agreement Real-time Transport Protocol.Send in the process module at media data, safeguard three key data structure jointly:
A. some necessary state information tables of the session be responsible for of this media data transmission process, note is made SessionInformation.The state information of each Session comprises current state (state), client's the IP address of this Session and Port number, media file ID etc.
B. the level cache of each session (speed that this buffer memory is used to overcome between hard disk and the Network Transmission does not match) is remembered and is made HardDiskBuffer.
C. the L2 cache of each session (being used to serve as the buffering area that network sends) is remembered and is made NetworkBuffer.
The overall procedure of media data transmission process as shown in Figure 2.Media data transmission process is established a timer, this media data of (as 100ms) poll sends the state of the active session (session that has promptly connected) that process is responsible at regular intervals, if the state of current sessions is Play, then the data in each buffer of this session are reasonably dispatched, and carry out the data transmission according to buffering area control and speed smoothing technique and (see the step 9) of Fig. 2.Same, each active session is carried out the way of poll processing and can be avoided starting a large amount of threads, can system overhead conserved under big concurrent applied environment.The core that media data sends process is that buffering area control, speed smoothing technique and RTP packing send, i.e. step 9 among Fig. 2.This part can be referring to the control of Fig. 3 video quality, transmission rate control and RTP packing transmission flow.Because need reasonably dispatch the data flow of video equally during video quality control, so we can regard transmission rate control as a kind of special circumstances of video quality control.Thereby can be the unified implementation pattern of Fig. 3 as transmission rate control and video quality control.
The 4th, the transmission rate control algolithm is realized by the frame scheduling module, and the output of quality controller is always 1 (being harmless transmission).In this case, rate shaper, recipient's buffering area observer need not done any work, and congested control module also conductively-closed is fallen.Step 9 among Fig. 2 realizes according to such thinking.Its idiographic flow as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.Flow process according to Fig. 3, if the data that server is sent in the current sampling period are less than congestion controller (or transmission rate controller, also be the speed smoothing algorithm) data volume that should send in current sampling period of being determined, then just carry out the processing of next frame data.The judgement in this step has been equivalent to realize the transmission buffering area monitor among Fig. 3 and the function of the auspicious scheduling of data.Further, the processing to the next frame data comprises three steps:
1. get next frame (k frame) data in from the meshwork buffering district;
2. modulate the k frame data according to the output of quality controller (flow process of quality controller as shown in Figure 4).Modulation to Frame can realize with a lot of modes: if video data is a hierarchical coding, can reach the video quality and the Transmit Bit Rate requirement of these frame data of modulation by select the suitable number of plies from these frame data so; If video data is a scalable coding, can directly utilize the characteristic of scalable coding to come modulating data so; If video data is by MPEG-2 or the coding of coding standard more early, video quality and the Transmit Bit Rate requirement that can adopt the method for dynamic bit rate shaping (Dynamical RateShaping) to modulate these frame data so.
3. the k frame data after the modulation being broken into the RTP bag sends.Fig. 4 has provided the specific implementation flow process of quality controller.In these examples of implementation, we carry out video quality control with proportional and integral controller.The output that receives the buffering area observer is read in every sampling instant, quality controller, and carries out the proportional integral computing, the final output video quality.We also can carry out video quality control with other adjuster, such as Fuzzy Controller, proportional controller or the like.
In the quality controller in Fig. 3, a proportional integral device is arranged, 402 and 404 in the corresponding diagram 4.The output note of integrator is Q.This quality controller has three parameters:
1. receive the reference value of buffer area data volume, be designated as Ref, be used to set the adjusting target that receives buffer area data volume.
2. the proportional COEFFICIENT K of proportional and integral controller
p, be used for the adjusting intensity of the proportional of preset proportion integral controller.
3. the integral item coefficient K of proportional and integral controller
i, be used for the adjusting intensity of the integral of preset proportion integral controller.
As shown in Figure 4, adopt the job step of quality controller in a sampling period of proportional and integral controller to be:
1. read in the measured value that receives the buffering area observer.Here receive the measured value B of buffering area observer
rExpression.
2. the measured value B that receives the buffering area observer
rBe Ref relatively with the reference value that receives buffer area data volume, adjust the output of integrator according to formula (6.1)
Foregoing discloses a kind of optimal mode of the present invention.Should be appreciated that and recognize that many illustrative embodiments disclosed herein that are equivalent to are arranged, and under situation about not departing from the scope of the present invention with spirit, can make amendment and be out of shape.
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| CN101511009B (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2010-12-08 | 东南大学 | An Internet-based transmission method for multiple concurrent Internet TV video streams |
| CN102217282A (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2011-10-12 | 阿尔卡特朗讯 | Method and device for dynamically closing/opening SCTP socket monitoring connection function |
| CN102479102A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-05-30 | 上海宝信软件股份有限公司 | Method for externally hanging equipment in RFID middleware |
| CN102710512A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-10-03 | 成都三零凯天通信实业有限公司 | Cross-platform stream generator and control method |
| CN102890644A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-01-23 | 郑州威科姆科技股份有限公司 | Byte stream-based interprocess communication method |
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| US6763392B1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2004-07-13 | Microsoft Corporation | Media streaming methods and arrangements |
| EP1248431B1 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2007-10-31 | Sony Deutschland GmbH | Method for achieving end-to-end quality of service negotiation for distributed multimedia applications |
| CN1156125C (en) * | 2002-09-29 | 2004-06-30 | 清华大学 | A Flow Control Method Based on Client Feedback |
| CN1305270C (en) * | 2004-07-04 | 2007-03-14 | 华中科技大学 | Streaming media buffering proxy server system based on cluster |
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| CN102217282A (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2011-10-12 | 阿尔卡特朗讯 | Method and device for dynamically closing/opening SCTP socket monitoring connection function |
| CN101511009B (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2010-12-08 | 东南大学 | An Internet-based transmission method for multiple concurrent Internet TV video streams |
| CN102479102A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-05-30 | 上海宝信软件股份有限公司 | Method for externally hanging equipment in RFID middleware |
| CN102479102B (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2015-11-11 | 上海宝信软件股份有限公司 | A kind of method plug-in for equipment in RFID middleware |
| CN102890644A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-01-23 | 郑州威科姆科技股份有限公司 | Byte stream-based interprocess communication method |
| CN102890644B (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2015-01-14 | 郑州威科姆科技股份有限公司 | Byte stream-based interprocess communication method |
| CN103095646A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-08 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Network data receiving method |
| CN103095646B (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2015-10-07 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | A kind of method of reseptance of network data |
| CN102710512A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-10-03 | 成都三零凯天通信实业有限公司 | Cross-platform stream generator and control method |
| CN103929681B (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2017-02-22 | 安徽超远信息技术有限公司 | Method for improving RTP video streaming treatment efficiency in low-speed network |
| CN109905776A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-06-18 | 武汉思创易控科技有限公司 | A kind of efficient IPTV data transmission guarantee method |
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