CN1728511A - Method for designing and controlling asynchronous motor power generation system of stator duplex winding - Google Patents
Method for designing and controlling asynchronous motor power generation system of stator duplex winding Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Within variable range of rotate speed and load, genetic algorithm is adopted in the design method to carry out optimized iteration to select value of AC capacitance and parameters of motor in order to make maximum absolute value of inductive exciting current be equal to maximum absolute value of capacitive exciting current. Thus, parameters of motor and system are obtained so as to realize minimum capacity of excitation converter. Based on magnitude of instantaneous rotate speed and load, the control method calculates magnitude of reactive current the controller should supply. Excitation converter supplies inductive and capacitive reactive currents for the motor so as to realize constant output voltage. Capacity of the excitation converter is about 1/3 of total output capacity. The invention reduces size and lowers cost, outputs constant DC capable of incorporated to power network, applicable as independent power source and wind electric power generation on sea.
Description
One, technical field
Involved in the present invention is a kind of optimal design and control method that is applicable to the asynchronous motor power generation system of stator duplex winding of variable-speed operation.
Two, background technology:
The high development of new and high technologies such as aircraft, tank, warship, a large amount of control appliances and sophisticated electronics all must adopt the modern computer control technology, power supply has been proposed more and more higher requirement, not only require power supply to increase substantially capacity, and require performance quality such as high-performance, high stability, high reliability, high performance-price ratio.Western developed country such as U.S. entered after the eighties in last century for this reason, had dropped into the research that great amount of manpower and material resources has been carried out this respect.The expert in U.S. NASA Lewis research center in 1997 points out that along with the development of power electronic technology, for the aviation power system in future, squirrel cage induction motor most possibly is used as the aviation generator.U.S. Wisconsin (Wisconsin) university has worked out the ground model machine of 10 horsepowers asynchronous machine power generation system, is further doing the research of aerospace applications.Meanwhile, the U.S. also researches and develops power-supply systems such as tanks for the needs of armored fighting vehicle high developments such as adaptation tank.This independent electric power supply often has two kinds of modes, and a kind of is the starting-generating system, and it requires this system to have starting simultaneously and generates electricity difunctionally, and another kind is to have only required electricity generate function, and these two kinds of system requirements are different, design also very different.After entering 21st century, independent electric power supply has been unified understanding basically, thinks in independent electric power supply, and the high voltage direct current feed of 270V is the most welcome.The U.S. the 4th generation fighter plane F22 and the up-to-date fighter plane F35 that is developing are the DC feedback that adopts 270V.
Aspect civilian, wind power generation is becoming the hot technology that various countries make great efforts development, because it has very important meaning aspect overcoming energy shortage and preventing the pollution of the environment.A large amount of asynchronous machines that use in the wind power generation, the most general current generation technology is an asynchronous machine three-phase alternating current double-fed generation technology, its feature is to utilize the variable speed constant frequency technology, directly sends the stable three-phase 50Hz alternating current of voltage.In recent years, risen Oversea wind power generation abroad again, it is 3～5MW that ABB AB in 1998 has developed single-machine capacity, and voltage is the high pressure synchronous generator of 1.2KV, and plan is installed on a coastal waters wind field of Sweden, in the hope of marine wind electric field is made evaluation.This marine wind electric field, because cable laying difficulty especially also requires DC feedback, therefore, the electricity generation system of development asynchronous motor DC feed is just mentioned important agenda from different angle such as military, civilian and has been come.
The dual stator-winding induction electricity generation system possesses some special knowledge in recent years, China naval engineering university adopts this dual stator-winding induction generator system, but its feature is a generator speed is constant speed substantially, and its method for designing and control method all can not be applicable to the occasion of rotating speed wide variation.The unmanned so far research of the dual stator-winding induction electricity generation system that rotating speed changes on a large scale.
Three, summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of independent electric power supply that promptly is fit to of rotating speed wide variation occasion that can be applicable to use, be fit to the method for designing and the control method of the dual stator-winding induction electricity generation system of Oversea wind power generation application again.
The method for designing of dual stator-winding induction electricity generation system of the present invention is, in the excursion of rotating speed and load, with pwm converter capacity minimum is the parameter of electric machine of optimal design target and the Synthetical Optimization method of system parameters, (mainly is the parameter of electric machine and system parameters ac capacitor C promptly
2) together, in rotating speed and load variations scope, be optimized iteration with genetic algorithm with thorough search function, select the ac capacitor value and the parameter of electric machine of asynchronous machine output, make perceptual exciting current I
xMaximum value and capacitive exciting current I
xMaximum value equate, try to achieve the parameter of electric machine and system parameters in rotating speed and the load variations scope, realize the purpose of pwm converter capacity minimum.This method for designing is different from the method for conventional motor and system's difference independent design.
The control method of dual stator-winding induction electricity generation system of the present invention is, the reactive current size that should provide according to system's transient speed and load size computing controller, capacitive reactive power electric current or perceptual reactive current by pwm converter provides to motor realize the constant of output voltage.
The concrete steps of this control method are:
(1) the given voltage on the pwm converter dc bus capacitor and the virtual voltage on this electric capacity are compared after, send into pi regulator, output active current command signal;
(2) send into another pi regulator after the actual signal of the given signal of output dc voltage and output dc voltage is compared, export idle direct current command signal;
(3) to the active current command signal and the idle direct current command signal of output of above-mentioned output, carry out 2/3 conversion, obtain the given electric current of excitation winding three-phase;
(4) utilize pwm converter and current closed-loop, realize the actual given electric current of excitation winding three-phase current tracking excitation winding three-phase, the final control that realizes system.
Pwm converter capacity of the present invention only is about 1/3 of total output capacity, has reduced volume, has reduced cost, can export the constant direct current that can be incorporated into the power networks with direct current network, both has been fit to independent electric power supply and has used, and is fit to Oversea wind power generation again and uses.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the asynchronous motor power generation system of stator duplex winding schematic diagram.
Label title among Fig. 1: 1. stator double-winding asynchronous, 2. pwm converter.3. pwm converter dc bus capacitor C
1, 4. controller, 5. stator double-winding asynchronous output ac capacitor C
2, 6. rectifier, 7. filter capacitor C
3, 8. current sensor, 9 and 10, voltage sensor, 11. inverters, 12. circuit control devices.
Fig. 2 is the duplex winding asynchronous generator schematic equivalent circuit of impressed current source and ac capacitor
Fig. 3 is duplex winding asynchronous generator control winding current variation rule curve schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is an excitation system control algolithm schematic diagram
Five, embodiment
The asynchronous motor power generation system of stator duplex winding that the present invention proposes as shown in Figure 1, the rotor of motor 1 also is common cage-type rotor, but stator has two cover windings, one cover is main winding, outwards transmit electrical power, output is connected to ac capacitor 5, rectifier 6 and filter capacitor 7 output constant voltage direct currents, and it can also can be incorporated into the power networks with the direct current network that voltage is fit to directly to the power consumption equipment feed.If externally supply with alternating current, then to add inverter 11 and controller 12, it can be incorporated into the power networks by big electrical network with the three-phase alternating current of 50Hz.Another set of is excitation winding, is connected to pwm converter 2, and electric capacity 3 and controller provide required reactive current by pwm converter, adopts certain control strategy, can regulate the main winding output voltage effectively and keep constant.The progression of two cover stator winding is identical.Because two cover stator winding directly do not connect on electric, just by magnetic coupling, need not the needed isolation inductance of parallel asynchronous machine power generation system, have reduced the volume weight of system; Energized circuit does not have circuit to be connected with loop of power circuit in addition, is convenient to realize high performance of control.
One big advantage of this system is asynchronous generator when rotating speed and loading on changes in a big way, and the pwm converter Capacity Ratio generator rated capacity of supplying with reactive power is much smaller, thereby greatly reduces the cost of system.But the capacity of pwm converter and the parameter of electric machine, load, prime mover rotating speed and no-load voltage ratio, exciting capacity etc. have much relations, how to make the capacity minimum of pwm converter in certain operational speed range, are the keys of this system optimization.
The present invention proposes the method for designing of motor and system parameters, to guarantee the capacity minimum of pwm converter.The key character of this method be the parameter of electric machine with system parameters (mainly being ac capacitor C2), in rotating speed and loading range, be optimized iteration with the genetic algorithm with thorough search function.Obtain being fit to full excursion interior motor and system parameters.
Its concrete grammar step is:
(1) given rotating speed and load variations scope;
(2) according to the duplex winding asynchronous generator equivalent electric circuit of impressed current source and ac capacitor, list the simulated program of system, this simulated program comprises the system parameters ac capacitor (C2) and the parameter of electric machine;
(3) according to the criterion of optimizing: in whole excursion, make perception | I
x|
Max=capacitive | I
x|
Max, use the genetic algorithm optimization iteration, obtain being fit to the excursion interior ac capacitor (C2) and the parameter of electric machine.
After finishing hardware designs, reach the purpose of pwm converter capacity minimum, also must realize corresponding control strategies, the control strategy main points that the present invention proposes are: the rotating speed during according to the electricity generation system real time execution, the load size, calculate the reactive current size that controller should provide, it can change between maximum inductive electric current that system can provide and maximum capacitive electric current continuously, and is constant to guarantee output voltage.
Systematic schematic diagram shown in 1 with reference to the accompanying drawings at first carries out the optimal design of the parameter of electric machine and ac capacitor C2.The dual stator-winding induction generator equivalent circuit diagram that comprises ac capacitor C2 as shown in Figure 2, I among the figure
xIt is the exciting current of expectation.This electric current I
xBe timing, expression exciting current Zhi Luxiang motor compensation capacity current; This electric current I
xWhen negative, then represent to motor compensation exciting current.The value of ac capacitor C2 should make exciting current in the whole service interval | I
x|
MaxReach minimum.
The present invention points out, exciting current I
xSize relevant with the rule of rotation speed change, also relevant with the parameter of electric machine with the load size.When load when being unloaded, rule of conversion is fairly simple, curve 3 in its variation tendency such as the accompanying drawing 3, be characterized in no matter the parameter of electric machine how, exciting current I
xAll be increase, do dull variation to negative direction (being the capacity current direction) with rotating speed.Therefore, its capacity current maximum | I
x|
MaxAt E point place, promptly at the maximum speed place.But behind bringing onto load, it is very complicated that situation becomes.At first, it is not to be monotone variation as curve 3, changes (seeing the curve 1 and the curve 2 of accompanying drawing 3), so its maximum but be spill | I
x|
MaxTwo-end-point at curve.Secondly, the concave curve has two kinds of forms: a kind of is that a left side is high right low, (as curve 1), and a kind of is that a left side is low right high, (as curve 2).Any on earth form is decided by the leakage reactance of motor.Therefore and the leakage reactance of motor changes in the iterative process of optimal design, and this curve just might change in curve 1 and 2 two kinds of forms of curve, and this is the phenomenon of the feature of one of this speed change system.Moreover, when nominal load, exciting current I
xIt must be inductance current.Therefore, the maximum of inductance current | I
x|
MaxJust might be at the A of curve 1 point, also may be at the D of curve 2 point.The corresponding rated speed of A point, the corresponding maximum (top) speed of D point.
In order to make the capacity minimum of pwm converter, the criterion of optimization is: in whole excursion, select suitable the interchange C2 and the parameter of electric machine, make perception | I
x|
Max=capacitive | I
x|
Max
From above analysis as can be seen, the Changing Pattern of system is very complicated, must select for use the method with comprehensive optimization ability just can achieve the goal, and the present invention recommends to adopt genetic algorithm to finish this task.
The control law of exciting current:
In the system that has optimized, must be equipped with the control law that adapts, could guarantee the normal operation of system.Several basic principles of control are:
(1) must be according to real-time rotating speed and loading condition, pwm converter provides suitable reactive current to motor.
(2), therefore,, also should obtain the meritorious energy of part from generator, to offset the consumption of this branch road in order to keep the voltage on the pwm converter dc bus capacitor C1 because the excitation winding branch road also can consume a part of gaining merit.
The control algolithm principle as shown in Figure 4.Uc* is the given voltage of capacitor C 1 among Fig. 4, and Uc is the voltage on the actual C1, sends into pi regulator, output active current command signal id* after relatively.In addition, Udc* is the given signal of direct voltage of output, and Udc be the output dc voltage of reality, and they send into pi regulator after relatively, export idle direct current command signal iq*.To id*, iq* carries out 2/3 conversion, obtains the given current i sa* of excitation winding three-phase, isb*, isc* utilizes pwm converter and current closed-loop, realizes actual excitation winding three-phase current isa, isb, isc follows the tracks of the given current i sa* of three-phase, isb*, and isc* finally realizes the control of system.
Claims (2)
1. asynchronous motor power generation system of stator duplex winding method for designing, it is characterized in that, the parameter of electric machine with system parameters, in rotating speed and load variations scope, be optimized iteration with genetic algorithm, select the ac capacitor (C of asynchronous machine output with thorough search function
2) value and the parameter of electric machine, make perceptual exciting current (I
X) maximum value and capacitive exciting current (I
X) maximum value equate, try to achieve the parameter of electric machine and system parameters in rotating speed and the load variations scope, realize pwm converter capacity minimum, its concrete grammar step is:
(1) given rotating speed and load variations scope;
(2) according to the duplex winding asynchronous generator equivalent electric circuit of impressed current source and ac capacitor, list the simulated program of system, this simulated program comprises the system parameters ac capacitor (C2) and the parameter of electric machine;
(3) according to the criterion of optimizing: in whole excursion, make perception | I
x|
Max=capacitive | I
x|
Max, use the genetic algorithm optimization iteration, obtain being fit to the excursion interior ac capacitor (C2) and the parameter of electric machine.
2. the control method of an asynchronous motor power generation system of stator duplex winding, it is characterized in that, according to this electric power generation system transient speed and load size, the reactive current size that computing controller should provide, provide capacitive reactive power electric current or perceptual reactive current by pwm converter to this motor, realize the constant of output voltage, its concrete grammar step is:
(1) the given voltage on the pwm converter dc bus capacitor and the virtual voltage on this electric capacity are compared after, send into pi regulator, output active current command signal;
(2) send into another pi regulator after the actual signal of the given signal of output dc voltage and output dc voltage is compared, export idle direct current command signal;
(3) to the active current command signal and the idle direct current command signal of output of above-mentioned output, carry out 2/3 conversion, obtain the given electric current of excitation winding three-phase;
(4) utilize pwm converter and current closed-loop, realize the actual given electric current of excitation winding three-phase current tracking excitation winding three-phase, the final control that realizes system.
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| CNB2005100412002A CN100369361C (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2005-07-27 | Method for designing and controlling asynchronous motor power generation system of stator duplex winding |
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| CN102201585A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2011-09-28 | 东南大学 | Method for controlling output voltage of solid oxide fuel cell |
| CN102522939A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-06-27 | 南京航空航天大学 | Variable-frequency alternating current power generation system and control method thereof |
| CN105186955A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Control system and control method for double-frequency stator double-winding five-phase induction generation system |
| CN105763115A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Topology structure of duplex-winding asynchronous-motor direct current starting power generation system |
| CN105763114A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Control method of duplex-winding asynchronous-motor alternating current and direct current starting power generation system |
| CN105763116A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Topology structure of duplex-winding asynchronous-motor alternating current and direct current starting power generation system |
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| CN1202034A (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 1998-12-16 | 河北省高阳县电机厂 | Brushless frequency converter set |
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| CN102201585A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2011-09-28 | 东南大学 | Method for controlling output voltage of solid oxide fuel cell |
| CN102522939A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-06-27 | 南京航空航天大学 | Variable-frequency alternating current power generation system and control method thereof |
| CN102522939B (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2013-12-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | Variable-frequency alternating current power generation system and control method thereof |
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| CN105763114A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Control method of duplex-winding asynchronous-motor alternating current and direct current starting power generation system |
| CN105790658A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method of controlling dual-winding asynchronous motor DC starter generator system |
| CN105763115A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Topology structure of duplex-winding asynchronous-motor direct current starting power generation system |
| CN105763114B (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2018-05-25 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of control method of double-winding asynchronous alternating current-direct current starting-generating system |
| CN105763115B (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2018-08-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of topological structure of double-winding asynchronous DC start electricity generation system |
| CN105763116B (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2019-05-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of topological structure of double-winding asynchronous alternating current-direct current starting-generating system |
| CN112888633A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2021-06-01 | 赛峰集团 | System for internally mixed conversion and transmission of electrical energy for aircraft with turbojet engine |
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