CN1725691A - Data download method and system - Google Patents
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- CN1725691A CN1725691A CN 200410070888 CN200410070888A CN1725691A CN 1725691 A CN1725691 A CN 1725691A CN 200410070888 CN200410070888 CN 200410070888 CN 200410070888 A CN200410070888 A CN 200410070888A CN 1725691 A CN1725691 A CN 1725691A
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Abstract
A method for downloading data includes requesting to download data by data request terminal , judging whether there is record of the other terminal or not according to terminal data from request terminal by central server , asking for node data from the other terminal if it has and analyzing download strategy based on obtained node data as well as sending it to data request terminal ; directly generating download policy if it is not and connecting data request terminal to assigned server or data providing terminal according to said strategy for downloading data . The downloading system is also disclosed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of data transmission, be meant a kind of data download method and system especially.
Background technology
A lot of softwares all have the auto-update function, so that the user obtains up-to-date software version timely.For realizing auto-update, adopt client-server (C-S) framework more, can set up with server in order to ensure client and communicate by letter, generally record the address of server at client software.Whether client regularly according to the server address foundation of record and communicating by letter of this server, has the software version of renewal on the querying server.Exist on inquiring server when upgrading version, user end to server request download and upgrade data are to upgrade local data.
At present, the real-time Transmission of multi-medium data is also mostly based on the C-S framework, and after starting media-player software, client is connected to the streaming media server requesting multimedia data of appointment and plays in real time.The maximum concurrent stream number that streaming media server is supported has become the important indicator of weighing streaming media server.Although in existing architectural framework, streaming media server can reduce self burden by multicast mode, and owing to the unsupported reason of bottom-layer network framework, the multicast of multi-medium data never is used widely.
Except top described, also having a lot of data download technologies all is the C-S framework that adopts.C-S framework advantage is that the required data of a plurality of users only need be stored on the station server and gets final product.For this man-to-man data downloading mode, in order to improve the client data speed of download, provide the multithreading download technology at present, be about to data and carry out segmentation, every segment data comprises the multi-disc data, and every segment data uses a process to download respectively.However, the C-S framework still exists following defective, influences data transmission bauds:
1, be subjected to web influence serious: link to each other by public network between the client and server, the public network situation is very unstable, and network fluctuation is very violent, directly influences the speed that connection rate and data are downloaded.
2, depend on server: owing to when the upgrading of certain client and multi-medium data are play in real time, be to a station server request msg, if fault has appearred in this server, to cause the failure of upgrading or playing process, client must just can restart the data downloading process after the waiting for server releasing fault.
3, the finite capacity of server can't be supported the demand that a large number of users is downloaded, and require server can handle the high strength access request.For example, when a lot of clients all are connected to the server data download, the bandwidth resources and the system resources consumption of server are serious, and can't satisfy the demand that large-capacity user is downloaded.After this situation can appear at issue of new multimedia file or new version software issue, most of user can download in the time period after issue substantially recently, caused downloading process to be concentrated in this time period and frequently took place, and caused the server access amount is increased severely.
At present, adopt some technology to solve the problems referred to above, for example adopted modes such as supporting the continuous company of broken string.In addition, also have some additive methods, routine multiserver as shown in Figure 1 and single client connection diagram, client can adopt the multiserver download technology to improve speed of download from the concurrent data download of multiple servers simultaneously.This concurrent download technology based on multiserver, must guarantee that a plurality of servers have complete data content, and, because data all are to obtain from server, the capacity of server, stability etc. are required all very high, increased the system equipment investment virtually.
Popular BitTorrent software on the network for example promptly is commonly called as BT software again, and its principle is can transmit oneself data downloaded mutually between each BT client, thereby has improved speed of download.But, because a lot of user's download will withdraw from BT software after finishing, therefore go the method for data download from other BT client nodes, very unstable, can't guarantee to connect into power and be connected speed.And BT downloads and must exist a client to make initial seed.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of data download method and download system, makes to adjust the data download policy automatically according to the situation of network and each node, guarantees optimized download.
Realize data download method of the present invention, the server address that the central server record provides data to download, further comprising the steps of:
A, request of data terminal are to central server request data download;
After B, central server receive request, the information of record current data requesting terminal;
C, central server judge whether to record request of data terminal terminal information in addition, if have, then with the terminal beyond the described request of data terminal as providing the data data downloaded that terminal is provided, and provide terminal transmission data download request, execution in step D to described data; Otherwise central server sends download policy to the request of data terminal, and the server that provides data to download to the request of data terminal, execution in step F then have been provided this download policy;
D, the data that receive described data download request provide terminal to report its nodal information to central server;
E, central server receive described nodal information, analyze download policy according to nodal information, and send to the request of data terminal; Wherein, this download policy has been specified to the request of data terminal provides the data data downloaded that terminal is provided;
The download policy that F, request of data terminal receiving center server send, the server or the data that provide data to download that are connected to the download policy appointment provide terminal to carry out the data download.
Wherein, further comprise after the step F: carry out in the data process of downloading in the request of data terminal, regularly return step C and download end up to data; Perhaps regularly return step D and download end up to data.
Wherein, described central server record provides the step of the server address of data download to comprise: the information of data download title wanted in the central server record, also can write down the information of wanting the data download version, according to the information that is write down, retrieve the server address that contains this information, the line item of going forward side by side.
Wherein, the described nodal information of step D comprises: data provide the burst information of the current data of having stored of terminal; The described step that analyzes download policy of step e comprises: from described each data that receive the data download request provide terminal screening to keep to contain the request of data terminal as yet not the data of data downloaded burst information terminal is provided, provide the data data downloaded that terminal is provided as appointment to the request of data terminal.
Wherein, the described nodal information of step D further comprises: whether the described data that receive the data download request provide terminal to connect with the request of data terminal; The described step that analyzes download policy of step e further comprises: the general provides terminal to provide terminal as the data that screening keeps with the data that the request of data terminal connects.
Wherein, the described nodal information of step D further comprises: the described data that receive the data download request provide terminal to arrive the routing iinformation of central server; The described step that analyzes download policy of step e further comprises: central server provides the address of terminal and routing iinformation to analyze network configuration according to request of data terminal and each data, provides terminal to provide terminal as first data of preferentially choosing the screening reservation with the request of data terminal in the data of same Intranet; With the request of data terminal not in same Intranet but the data that can be communicated with provide terminal preferentially to choose the data that screening keeps as second that terminal is provided; Can't determine data with request of data terminal annexation provides terminal preferentially to choose the data that screening keeps as the 3rd terminal is provided.
Wherein, the described nodal information of step D further comprises: data provide the terminal cpu busy percentage; The described step that analyzes download policy of step e further comprises: select the light data of CPU burden to provide terminal to provide terminal as the data that screening keeps.
Wherein, the described download policy of step e further comprises: the server that provides data to download to the request of data terminal has been provided.
A kind of data downloading system also is provided, one or more request msg data downloaded requesting terminal, the one or more server that provides data to download have been provided, it is characterized in that, also comprised a central server, wherein,
Central server is used to receive the data download request of request of data terminal, and record provides the server address of data download and can provide the data data downloaded that terminal address is provided, regularly provide the nodal information of terminal to report to analyze, and the designation data requesting terminal provide the terminal downloads data from the server or the data that provide data to download of the appointment that analyzes to data.
By said method as can be seen, data download method provided by the invention and system analyze the node situation that terminal regularly reports by central server, obtain preferable download policy, the connection of indicating terminal, download.By regularly upgrading download policy,, improve download performance to reach optimum download policy.Net interior terminal downloads by choosing, and download, can avoid connecting public network as far as possible according to SOT state of termination, reduce the load of public network server, and avoid the unsettled influence of public network, and for downloading in the net, just stable more, speed of download is faster, has changed download.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is multiserver and single client connection diagram.
Fig. 2 is a data downloading system schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that data of the present invention are downloaded flow chart.
Fig. 4 is applied to flow chart in the escalation process for the present invention.
Fig. 5 is applied to the flow chart that media stream is implemented transmission for the present invention.
Embodiment
Data downloading system schematic diagram of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, comprise one or more request msg data downloaded requesting terminal, the one or more server that provides data to download, among the present invention, in network, increase central server, central server is used to receive the data download request of request of data terminal, and record provides the server address of data download, and can provide the data data downloaded that terminal address is provided, central server is regularly analyzed the nodal information of terminal to report, judging to provide terminal downloads needed data from which server or data, the data downloading process is controlled, realized the optimization of downloading process.
Data as shown in Figure 3 are downloaded flow chart, and the method for down loading of terminal data of the present invention mainly may further comprise the steps:
Step 301: the terminal A that request msg is downloaded is to the download of central server request data, and central server writes down terminal A address.
Step 305: the terminal that receives the data download request reports its nodal information to central server, and nodal information comprises node status information and download status information.
Step 306: the nodal information that the central server receiving terminal reports, analysis is preferable from which server or the needed data of terminal downloads of record, and the object information that analyzes is sent to terminal A.Here, the object information that analyzes is called download policy.
Step 307: terminal A upgrades current connection, download according to the information that is received.In the data process of downloading, can regularly return step 302 and download end up to data; Perhaps regularly return step 305 and download end up to data.For regularly returning step 302, then the new other-end that provides data to download that occurs in downloading process can be provided central server.For regularly returning 305, then the nodal information that regularly reports of the terminal that only step 302 has been write down is analyzed, and just the example described terminal mentioned in back regularly reports the situation of nodal information.
Wherein, the described node status information of step 305 comprises: the IP address of terminal, if there is fire compartment wall, then comprise home address and external address, and external address is the address that is connected to after the home address conversion on the public network; Terminal is to the routing iinformation of central server, promptly this terminal to central server the routing node information of process, can obtain by similar traceroute route trace command.Central server analyzes network configuration by the IP address and the routing iinformation of each terminal to report, comprises the annexation between the terminal, and which terminal is to belong to a local area network (LAN).Node status information also comprises: be connected the cpu busy percentage and the network connection state of employed TCP/UDP port, routing iinformation, connect hours, terminal between terminal and the terminal, as present flow rate.
Described download status information comprises: downloading rate, uploading rate, download progress.Wherein download progress comprises the information of downloaded files, for example the burst total quantity of file, each burst ID, burst ID of having downloaded etc.If data downloaded is the media stream of playing in real time, the information of then described downloaded files is key frame total quantity, each key frame ID that media stream comprised, the key frame ID that has read etc.Wherein, cut apart Media Stream by key frame and can avoid when Media Stream is play, occurring picture mosaic or whister-type noise phenomenon.
Wherein, above the described central server of step 306 analyze from which server or the required data of terminal downloads, may further comprise the steps:
First step: central server judges according to the download status information of each terminal to report whether each terminal has the burst information of the required data download of terminal A, and screening keeps the terminal that contains required downloading data fragmentation information, carries out next step then.If there is not such terminal, then with the address of the server of central server record as the object information after analyzing, and carry out the 4th step.
Second step: whether each terminal that the judgement screening keeps has existed the link information with terminal A, if have, then further in having each terminal of link information, select the high terminal of transmission rate, with the analysis result information of this terminal as central server, execution in step four.This step purpose is will select to have existed a terminal that is connected as the data provider with terminal A, to guarantee that terminal A when this terminal is initiated download request, must connect.If there is not described link information, then carry out next step.
Third step: central server is according to each terminal of node status information Analysis and Screening reservation and the network configuration feature of terminal A, the terminal that screening is kept is divided three classes, the first kind be think after analyzing with terminal A at a local area network (LAN), be the terminal that override is selected; Second class be think after analyzing with terminal A not at same local area network (LAN), but can be communicated with; The 3rd class is the annexation that can't determine after analyzing with terminal A.Because being difficult to affirmation, the 3rd class whether can be communicated with, therefore the terminal of selecting for lowest priority with terminal A.In addition, after having selected a Terminal Type, can also select the lightest terminal of burden as the data provider, promptly, return to the request msg download terminal as the object information after analyzing according to its cpu busy percentage of each terminal to report in such.
The 4th step: the result after central server will be analyzed, promptly download policy sends to terminal A.
Below just provided a kind of embodiment that selects server or which terminal downloads data, concrete system of selection is relevant with the nodal information of each terminal to report, is not limited to above-mentioned steps.In addition, also can select a plurality of terminals as the result who returns when selecting terminal, terminal A just can be from a plurality of terminal downloads data like this.Be understood that, also can select a plurality of terminals and server simultaneously, in this case, then terminal A can be simultaneously on these terminals and the server data download.
The process that is applied to a plurality of client software auto-updates in the network with this data download method describes below.Flow chart referring to shown in Fig. 4 is described in detail.
When software had the redaction issue, version information was recorded on the central server, and search contains the server of this version software to central server according to version information, and writes down these server ips.General, these servers be on the public network, operator provided.And client software writes down in advance no longer is the address of certain server, but the address of central server.Client software auto-update process may further comprise the steps:
Step 401: customer end A is according to the central server address of record, and timing foundation is communicated by letter with this central server, and whether the version information of renewal is arranged on Help Center's server.When having the version information that upgrades on inquiring central server, customer end A is initiated upgrade request to central server.
Wherein, described node listing is for what be provided with on central server in advance, and its structure can be:＜FileName.Version, Client IP 〉.Node listing is used to write down the client address that can provide described version software to download, client is the client downloading or finishing to download in the node listing, and these clients can offer the client downloads that other do not download described data fragmentation as yet with data downloaded burst.
Step 405: the client timing (as per 30 seconds) that receives the upgrading download request reports its node status information and download status information to central server, and these information can be referring to foregoing content.
Step 406: central server receives described node status information and download status information, analyzes and generate download policy, sends to customer end A.Analyzing the process that generates download policy can be referring to foregoing content.
Step 407: the download policy that customer end A receiving center server sends, upgrade current connection and download according to download policy, software download is proceeded in the address that is connected to the download policy appointment.
Regularly return step 405 in this example, that is to say, in downloading process, each terminal that step 402 write down can regularly report node status information and download status information to offer central server, regularly upgrade download policy indication customer end A data download by central server, finish up to upgrading.
The real-time Transmission process that again this data transmission method is applied to multi-medium data below describes, and in this case, what central server write down is the multimedia file name, and contains the streaming media server IP of this document according to this document name searching record.Flow chart referring to shown in Fig. 5 may further comprise the steps:
Step 501: customer end A sends media play request information to central server request displaying video or audio frequency multi-medium data to central server.
Wherein, this node listing is for what be provided with on central server in advance, and its structure can be:＜FileName, Client_IP 〉.Its principle is identical with last example, no longer describes in detail.
Step 505: the client that receives media play request regularly reports its node status information and download status information to central server.This step is basic identical with the step 405 of last example, and what just adopt in the download status information here is that key frame is cut apart Media Stream, rather than adopts a minute sheet mode.
Step 506: central server receives described node status information and download status information, analyzes and generate download policy, sends to customer end A.The process that analyze to generate download policy can be referring to foregoing content, and because the timeliness requirement of playing in real time wants clear and definite next key frame Media Stream of pointing out to read wherefrom.
Step 507: the download policy that customer end A receiving center server sends, to upgrade current Media Stream according to download policy and connect, the frame ID of the multi-medium data of the current appointment on this address of downloading and playing is removed in an address that is connected to the download policy appointment.And the frame of playing is kept at this locality, and when initiating playing request to this media data for other clients, central server can be connected to customer end A with its request, with A as the media stream data provider.
From as can be seen above, data download method provided by the invention, the nodal informations such as network condition that central server can regularly report according to client upgrade download policy, the indication client is carried out the renewal of downloading process, the data that for example being connected to new data provides end to carry out the follow-up time section are downloaded, to realize the optimization of downloading process.For example indicating customer end A in the process of server data download, certain terminal B reports central server to represent that it has downloaded when containing terminal A and wanting the data downloaded burst at this moment in the same local area network (LAN), and then the central server download policy can change indicating terminal A into and download these desired data bursts to described terminal B.Downloading in the same local area network (LAN) must be faster than downloading from server, and network stabilization.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of data download method is characterized in that, the server address that the central server record provides data to download may further comprise the steps:
A, request of data terminal are to central server request data download;
After B, central server receive request, the information of record current data requesting terminal;
C, central server judge whether to record request of data terminal terminal information in addition, if have, then with the terminal beyond the described request of data terminal as providing the data data downloaded that terminal is provided, and provide terminal transmission data download request, execution in step D to described data; Otherwise central server sends download policy, execution in step F to the request of data terminal; Wherein, this download policy has been provided by the server that provides data to download to the request of data terminal;
D, the data that receive described data download request provide terminal to report its nodal information to central server;
E, central server receive described nodal information, analyze download policy according to nodal information, and send to the request of data terminal; Wherein, this download policy has been specified to the request of data terminal provides the data data downloaded that terminal is provided;
The download policy that F, request of data terminal receiving center server send, the server or the data that provide data to download that are connected to the download policy appointment provide terminal to carry out the data download.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprises after the step F: carry out in the data process of downloading in the request of data terminal, regularly return step C and download end up to data; Perhaps regularly return step D and download end up to data.
3, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described central server record provides the step of the server address of data download to comprise: the information of data download title wanted in the central server record, according to the information that is write down, retrieve the server address that contains this information, the line item of going forward side by side.
4, method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, central server also writes down the information of wanting the data download version.
5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described nodal information of step D comprises: data provide the burst information of the current data of having stored of terminal;
The described step that analyzes download policy of step e comprises: from described each data that receive the data download request provide terminal screening to keep to contain the request of data terminal as yet not the data of data downloaded burst information terminal is provided, provide the data data downloaded that terminal is provided as appointment to the request of data terminal.
6, method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the described nodal information of step D further comprises: whether the described data that receive the data download request provide terminal to connect with the request of data terminal;
The described step that analyzes download policy of step e further comprises: the general provides terminal to provide terminal as the data that screening keeps with the data that the request of data terminal connects.
7, method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the described nodal information of step D further comprises: the described data that receive the data download request provide terminal to arrive the routing iinformation of central server;
The described step that analyzes download policy of step e further comprises: central server provides the address of terminal and routing iinformation to analyze network configuration according to request of data terminal and each data, provides terminal to provide terminal as first data of preferentially choosing the screening reservation with the request of data terminal in the data of same Intranet; With the request of data terminal not in same Intranet but the data that can be communicated with provide terminal preferentially to choose the data that screening keeps as second that terminal is provided; Can't determine data with request of data terminal annexation provides terminal preferentially to choose the data that screening keeps as the 3rd terminal is provided.
8, method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the described nodal information of step D further comprises: data provide the terminal cpu busy percentage;
The described step that analyzes download policy of step e further comprises: select the light data of CPU burden to provide terminal to provide terminal as the data that screening keeps.
9, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described download policy of step e further comprises: the server that provides data to download to the request of data terminal has been provided.
10, one or more request msg data downloaded requesting terminal, the one or more server that provides data to download are provided a kind of data downloading system, it is characterized in that, also comprise a central server,
Central server is used to receive the data download request of request of data terminal, and record provides the server address of data download and can provide the data data downloaded that terminal address is provided, regularly provide the nodal information of terminal to report to analyze, and the designation data requesting terminal provide the terminal downloads data from the server or the data that provide data to download of the appointment that analyzes to data.
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| CNB2004100708882A CN100433619C (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2004-07-23 | Data download method and system |
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