CN1722188A - Anti-jamming zero error metric data collecting and spreading system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a metering data assemble processing transmission system of power supply, tap water, gas and other parts to remote collect user consuming gauge table reading. It achieves the synchronal data of various gauge meter collections and transmits them to data collector so as to statistic and arrange-reducing them into accumulating data with zero error and then concentrate-transmits them to data concentrate-transmitting system.

Description

The continuous data collection of anti-interference zero error passes system

The present invention relates to power, the continuous data of department's remote collection customer consumption gauging table reading such as tap water, combustion gas focuses on transfer system.

The continuous data collection passes system, is referred to as meaning " Automatic meter reading system " usually, and subject under discussion originated from 1992, after a lot of bother, formed the prevailing model in current market by 2002 therebetween.

Land the INTERNET net, search " automatic data logging " will be found the relevant article of thousands of pieces of writing, wherein be the product of boasting oneself separately mostly, here only be reference, summarize background technology with regard to the more objective automatic data logging development article " Automatic meter reading system development trilogy " (hereinafter to be referred as " trilogy ") that experience, that signature " thinker " is delivered of introducing of thousand tame net (www.qianjia.com/amr) above chapters.

Traditional various consumption gauging tables adopt tactic pattern one roughly the same that flow (watt-hour meter can be regarded as the flow of electricity) is transformed to the rotating machinery motion, and the train of using multistage band decimal system numerical value to show is gone forward one by one, and forms the rates ground of cumulative consumption amount.

Realize data acquisition process, will transform the structure of gauging table earlier, make it outwards to transmit metrical information, unified here improved gauging table, the saying of generally acknowledging by industry is referred to as " remote installed meter ".In " trilogy " " remote installed meter " basis " sample mode " is divided into " pulse mode " and " mechanical location mode " two big classes.Wherein " pulse mode " main representative be to use tongue tube or Hall element structure, magnetosensitive sensing mode and photoelectric sensing mode.Because sampling mechanism is usually at the train of initial stage, so generally do not consider more economical mechanical switch easily; The mechanical location mode be then because of will discerning ten kinds of different positions of a code wheel, and the realization of the too high and processing of cost, assembly precision is all had any problem, and is only adopted by a few high-end product.

Increased multistage decimal system electronic counter more on the basis of two kinds of sample modes in nearest 2 years, constitute as " trilogy " in " direct-reading gage " of name.Outwards the signal of transmission is also flowed by pulse signal, or the cumulative traffic of position signalling conversion, waits for the order of " data acquisition unit ", and the complete records of values of " bus " transmission to public forms present prevailing model.

For the information transmission from " remote installed meter " to " data acquisition unit ", everybody solves reliability problems such as interference seeking new and high technology desperately, the examination all over all can support the transmission method of utilization, described in " trilogy " phase one: " multifarious; that the mode that oneself is all boasted by each family is best, and in fact all there is this difficult work in the every household ".Obtain consensus at last at long last, reached the common recognition of using 485 buses.Conclude in the phase III at " trilogy ": " no matter take which kind of mode, industry has obtained common recognition, and the table tool must possess the function of direct output data, and system takes the structure of bus system.Separated time system structure must be to have gone from bad to worse.”

Except that the product introduction of those pure advertisings, some with the article of comment character, admit relevantly that invariably still there are many problems in these technology slightly.The main anti-interference poor (pulsed) that is meant certainly; The quality of two class sample modes as a comparison has the problem such as life-span, position mode complex structure precision cost height of pulsed in-line power battery again." trilogy " subordinate phase comprehensively is summarized as: two class formations are the exchanges in electronics difficulty and mechanical difficulty.

Frankly speaking, the history in 12 years of background technology development, brainstrust is groped always in the dark, does not find the right road at all! " industry " " precision " or " error " of continuing saying it with interest at first is metrological legislation to the basic demand and the necessary guarantee of consumption gauging table.What " automatic data logging " will be done only is to read these ready-made numerical value, and " economy of double-track goes to repeat metering from the source, the result has formed prevailing model so far " direct-reading gage " but wilfully to work out a cover.

This originally in " data acquisition unit ", software is concentrated the work of the pulse stored count of finishing, be separated to the way in separately independently " remote installed meter ", not only improved exponentially single table improvement cost, increased the cost of " data acquisition unit " on the contrary because of pursuing high-new transmission technology, more fundamentally do not overcome water hammer, refluence such as water meter; The instantaneous power of ammeter and the average asynchronous grade of output pulses cause, visual reading is difficult to keep synchronous problem with pulse accumulative total numerical value, only the transmission that concentrates on primary signal is originally disturbed, be separated to data stream at the output of pulse accumulative total numerical value.

In fact the error that causes of pulse stored count asynchronous with visual reading " tyre cavity disease " can not solve with advanced person's transmission technology; Opposite since remain in " direct-reading gage " up-to-date data may initiatively read at any time correct aggregate-value, do not constitute mistake to user's charging total value, all ways that improve transmission costs all are " drawing a snake and add feet to it ".

Purpose of the present invention: will provide a kind of exactly and guarantee that more the high-transmission reliability is (anti-interference, the notion of definition correctly so-called " precision " or " error ") on the basis, with the incomparable low cost of background technology, realization keeps data in synchronization from various gauging table collections and apparent value, be transferred in " data acquisition unit ", sorting-out in statistics be reduced into zero " error,, cumulative data after the data set of concentration of transmissions (uploading outside the system) function pass (automatic data logging) system.

Before explanation technical scheme of the present invention, discuss the value that " automatic data logging " need be understood at supply department's billing terminal earlier: original gauging table all possesses the accumulative total Presentation Function, and it is proper that tradition is received the zero charging way of whole deposit; Be with a decimal just to be enough to satisfy at the most and comprise, to single user or month water odd needs that charge of limiting the quantity of per capita because of fwaater resources protection.

Technical scheme of the present invention, and do not lie in provide more high-new technology (to this, background technology is as common saying institute cloud " shoot high and bombard mosquito--wasted one's talent on a petty job "), but point out to change the way of the mode of thinking, from changing transmission information processing method is started with, use the simplest components and parts, reach be far from background technology comparable, the more performance standard.From punctuating and annotating of background technology development be can clearly be seen that the present invention has aimed at point of penetration in the source of background technology.

Generally pursue the high-speed theory that guarantees transmission quality based on the general data transmission, background technology is information transmitted between " remote installed meter " and " data acquisition unit ", has also adopted as heir this thinking rather popularly.Information transmitted between " impulse sampling remote installed meter " and the data acquisition unit in early days, yes " data acquisition unit " on count pulse passively or the lower edge.

The key of basic fundamental of the present invention is: the method for " data acquisition unit " passive counting " remote installed meter " pulse in the early stage background technology, change into and rely on the varying level that the sampling device embodies, be far from comparable, enough duration of undesired signal, the variation of active monitoring level.Through repeated multiple times sampling relatively, from having repelled undesired signal and created a false impression the dead level of (variation during monitored switch motion also is regarded as undesired signal), the count value that the height change frequency obtains, must guarantee and apparent numerical value synchronous.Even do not change the hardware combinations of early stage background technology, just can realize that such method changes.Below with two kinds of different sayings of " level " and " pulse ", the method for the present invention and the transmission of background technology process information is described in difference.

Since the method that to change the simplest impulse sampling technology be level monitoring can reach goal of the invention with the cost of minimum, " direct-reading gage " that baroque position sampling and cost are higher is not included in the present invention naturally and inquires into scope.

Must emphasize statement: early stage " impulse sampling " though technology is unreliable, is difficult to find itself and basic difference of the present invention from hardware configuration.For example be sampled identification body (hole of the magnetic of magneto-dependent sensor, the switching of photoelectric sensing light path or breach etc.) in early stage " remote installed meter ", even be arranged on the position of initial stage, and proportion is very little on circumference, when peak load causes maximum (top) speed, accounting example smaller's time in the high-low level that embodies when being sampled, also be unlikely to little below signa, the machine cycle of corresponding single-chip microcomputer microsecond, enough get rid of the most obstinate undesired signal, guarantee correct identification value (except water meter refluence or other fault sexual factor).

The mandate invention (patent No. ZL001052551) of Mr.'s Sun Xiaotang direct-reading gage is openly stated at INTERNET on the net even encroach right, and the more unavoidable open back of the present invention is taken by free the plagiarization.For protecting the intellectual property, the present invention and the difference of impulse sampling mode in early days are described in detail in detail: background technology only depends on the amplitude of avoiding or suppressing undesired signal, and normally whether difference count pulse; The present invention then must not avoid these undesired signals, relies on normal level definitely to be disturbed greater than factor identification and the eliminating of undesired signal duration.Whether identification constitutes method tortious, is on remote installed meter and data acquisition unit transmission channel, injects the undesired signal of enough amplitudes by force, does not influence counter value and the synchronous person of remote installed meter reading, promptly constitutes feature of the present invention

In fact to " remote installed meter " based on the transformation of traditional mechanical formula gauging table, the sampling of machinery carry system fully can be also need only be at charging lowest order (generally at behind the radix point one), so not only can more effectively get rid of all interference fully, overcome simultaneously the influence of factors such as water hammer such as water meter, refluence naturally, really accomplished zero " error " meterage.

Being arranged on the sampling identification body that is sampled the position, can be single (being arranged on lower one), also can be several along the even cloth of circumference, and quantity is 1 or added up this rotating cycle at 2 o'clock, constitutes upper digit; Quantity is that the quantity of 5 or 10 statistics high-low levels constitutes the counting lowest order.Promotion is on the basis that does not increase cost, and the high-low level time that sampling is produced equates or be approaching, even the widely different programming amount that increases several bytes only in single-chip microcomputer.

This method by charge metering lowest order decision sampling location, make what background technology can't be selected for use, cost is minimum, transform, make and the easiest elastic spring switch is installed (hereinafter to be referred as " microswitch ", and the switching value that comprises other approach sensor structure is referred to as " switch "), because of the life-span enough guarantees to be not less than other parts, and become the first-selected device of Sampling techniques of the present invention.

Cause data acquisition unit may form cumulative errors for overcoming mishap, upper (or every position) in the remote installed meter sample bits is provided with same or different sampling apparatuses as the carry adjuster, when changing, upper sampled level corrects possible error, pressure is adjusted to right value (upper add 1, low level complete 0).

Sum up and constitute the present invention with early stage simple and practical " pulse remote installed meter " basic structure, replacement is to improve " direct-reading gage " technology that improvement cost is a cost greatly, realization is characterized as jamproof general technical: the time that guarantees the high and low level continuity that the sampling period characterizes, at least time of when Peak Flow Rate, causing erroneous judgement far above the most obstinate interference, data acquisition unit detects the sampled level that is identified repeatedly, to discern the method for minimum retention time, confirm and the counting sampling period, reach the purpose of anti-interference counting.Compare with background technology, though the variation that is high-low level equally is embodied on the transmission circuit, and be that " data acquisition unit " is at these variable quantities of accumulative total equally, but because of the difference of " pulse " and static " level ", make " data acquisition unit " be adopted diverse determination strategy, thoroughly get rid of and disturb the mistake that causes.

Each family gauging table unification of current trend is installed in outdoor " Every household has an ammeter " mode, makes each table to coexist within one the case with data acquisition unit, the weak point of on line therebetween, make " teletransmission " two words can in order to avoid." the level remote installed meter " installed at such environment even can take the simplest structure; As long as two switches, the one end parallel connection in the table, together with the other end three line outputs altogether.Wherein a Bing Lian end is imported " data acquisition unit " respectively and is respectively accounted for a port, and the other end respectively mutually and be unified into two common transmission circuits.Like this, " data acquisition unit " is as long as respectively to two concentric lines output monitoring level, can monitor the current state of two switches of all table tools successively.How to add up as for " data acquisition unit ", store and transmit these data, belong to knowledge the most basic in the prior art, no longer carry out concrete technical know-how analysis.

Because it is insensitive that the present invention disturbs transmission line, this " separated time system " transmission also can adapt to the place that does not change original house lead in structure, and line quality is not had any requirement.As the double wired conductor that uses band to shield, for giving full play to the shielding line effect, the concentric line that the method for transmission changes " level remote installed meter " switch into connects screen layer, and the other end of two switches takies a port of " data acquisition unit " respectively.

" the level remote installed meter " of this simple structure, as be installed in indoor and without any safeguard procedures, unique not directly avoid be, the user sabotages the duplicity error of omission number that circuit causes, this is the problem of a morals or legal system, can utilize means fright major parts such as irregular surprise check, though this phenomenon has exceeded the category of technical discussion, the present invention also has corresponding solution:

Opening circuit or short circuit of transmission line both may be the chance failure that occurs, and may be again that artificial destruction causes the transmission data diddling.The key problem in technology that the invention provides timely discovery and report fault is: when two switches of " level remote installed meter " are in any state, comprise high and low two kinds of level in the signal that must guarantee to be detected, otherwise just regard as fault.Concrete scheme is described after a while again.

In view of the present invention handles the change of transmission signals mode, make simple " the pulse remote installed meter " of being eliminated already be able to " reviving in a new guise ", dominate the market with unrivaled price advantage.Except that the characteristic of " microswitch ", be difficult to judge on the hardware to constitute to infringement of the present invention from using the on-off circuit of other senser element tissues.According to " instructions also is the further explanation to claim ", " invention has overcome people's prejudice ", and the relevant regulations that the scope of invention patent protection involves " method " is declared at this:

All to detect level state counting level period of change number repeatedly, the undesired signal of directly injecting enough amplitudes still can correctly reflect the system of reproducing the apparent reading, all is included within the independent claims scope of the present invention; All initiatively to form the method for variable detection level, judge the technology of transmission line or " remote installed meter " fault, all within the scope of dependent claims of the present invention.That the inventor has prepared for this reason is special-purpose, be the detection method of main means to force the injecting variable interference signal, can discern infringing products not requiring that the infringer provides under the prerequisite of technology kernels such as any software, obtain effective legal basis.

Constitute the invention solves the industry more than ten years do not obtain " level remote installed meter " effective way, that include active device inside can be without the gordian technique of power supply, be the external power charging that almost people all know with a diode and an electric capacity composition, the method that electric capacity is kept (Fig. 1).Diode ZD stops the effect of inverse current among the figure, and when being that the supply lines SR output level of double as synchronizing signal transmission is low, the unlikely CD of influence keeps electric current.As for how adjusting transmission voltage and circuit working voltage difference, be the minimum general knowledge of professional, provide concrete circuit can reduce scope of patent protection on the contrary.So comprise all accompanying drawings, all do not comprise with subject matter irrelevant, and the obvious physical circuit of structural principle

Fig. 2 has illustrated structural principle from discrete component, integrated circuit to several " level remote installed meter " adjunct circuit of single-chip microcomputer to Fig. 6.As long as the ball bearing made using of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 just can satisfy the transmission of separated time system and whole requirements of malfunction monitoring well with extremely low cost.The physical circuit analysis will be carried out in an embodiment.

How utilizing above-mentioned two kinds of conditions that circuit provides as for " data acquisition unit ", accurately judge the state of two switches, in time find and open circuit or short trouble to the host computer report, also is the minimum general knowledge of soft project personnel, so detailed description no longer.

More than be that the present invention is applicable to the technical description of " the level remote installed meter " of separated time system.In " Every household has an ammeter " system that installs concentratedly, or wiring distance is than working well in the short branch family installation system.In addition since this " level remote installed meter " can the simplest method, extremely low cost transforms common gauging table, be convenient to directly entrust gauging table manufacturing plant to produce, thereby the production of pooling funds input " data acquisition unit ", obtaining widely with less investment, market covers.

The elite that constitutes the technology of the present invention is the distillation of from " remote installed meter " to " data acquisition unit " circuit transmission theory.The present invention is referred to as " line concentration system " being analogous to the collinear transmission manner that background technology " bus " takies theory, to show and difference based on " bus " structure of hardware communications protocol.Its connected mode is similar to the communication of master-slave mode serial port of single chip computer, is the transport property of difference microcontroller serial port, replaces TXD and the traditional like this mark (as shown in Figure 6) of RXD with SR, XH.

The XH line of " line concentration system ", be used for " data acquisition unit " and judge the signal transmission of each " level remote installed meter " current on off state, for making " level remote installed meter " adapt to the collinear requirement that takies, generally adopt common open collector output, when the line is busy, the XH line is not produced any influence.

Each table of decision the line is busy opportunity, be when high level, to keep electric current, undertaking the SR line of dual role to " level remote installed meter " transmission, according to the different structure that connects " level remote installed meter ", low level that can be wide is issued single synchronizing signal to each " level remote installed meter ", low level that also can different in width is issued respectively synchronously or count signal, the antijamming capability of CR order relies on equally more than the big level width of the most obstinate undesired signal, rather than amplitude.

Characteristics because of interference protection measure of the present invention, " the level remote installed meter " of discrete component or integrated circuit tissue, the counter that inapplicable pulse edge triggers receives command signal, uses accurate delay circuit (as Fig. 5) usually, distinguishes different numberings so that the line is busy different time delay to synchronizing signal; Use " the level remote installed meter " of common single-chip microcomputer, respectively show different timing times with software setting, control is delayed time the opportunity that the line is busy; There is not or design " the level remote installed meter " of the single-chip microcomputer structure of not usage count/timer, can software programming pulse width recognizer, the remote installed meter that comprises the wide identification circuit of dai channel, be applicable to SR signal so that the low level of different in width is issued respectively synchronously or counting is ordered, according to the number of the pulse that counts after the synchronizing signal, the opportunity that determines oneself the line is busy.

Can reach a conclusion from the principle of work of above discrete component or integrated circuit: can be very simple structure, manufacture and design and be applicable to " level remote installed meter " special IC, thereby can minimum cost, minimum volume and the remodeling method of easy realization, attract professional gauging table manufacturer to practice midwifery.The inventor keeps the right of this design, will declare " utility model " patent with the fastest speed, forms social productive forces as early as possible, to quicken popularizing of Automatic meter reading system.

Though the present invention has only set forth the monitoring method of transmission signals in the system, several simple " level remote installed meter " structure Design principles are provided, reached the purpose and the effect of " correcting the prejudice of people on art technology ".Why the say nothing concrete structure of " data acquisition unit ", be because of factor except price, background technology not only " data acquisition unit " satisfies the function of automatic data logging and has a surplus, even the data acquisition function module of common " direct-reading gage " is separated (increasing by an EEPROM at the worst), do intermediary's (software will make corresponding changes certainly) with technology of the present invention and also can well work.

The result that so simple separation is transformed: the feasible complete mini system that comprises " remote installed meter " and " data acquisition unit ", under the prerequisite that greatly reduces construction and installation troop competency profiling, cost obtains the reduction of several times; Solved the inconvenience of battery in the replacing table simultaneously; A large amount of wiring difficulty and potential maintenance cost have been alleviated; The retrofit work of remote installed meter, change burden by common metering Watch Factory, make the pressure of fund flow alleviate widely; More in stability, many-sides such as serviceable life and easy care have raising in various degree.

If promote the system by the single table of prior art structure, meter systems is concentrated the part that transmits (mechanism gathers to charge) again, deducts the expense of the cost of common gauge table and circuit, installation, on average arrives each household still more than 200 yuan or higher.What three table (electricity, water, coal gas) collection were copied popularizes, be imposed on the common people's the head, each household to bear near in addition above the no absurd consumption more than thousand yuan; Focus on country or all departments burden, the sum of its expense will be a huge sum of money tens billion of and even that exceed 100 billion.Confirmed the important meaning that the present invention has national economy or hundreds of millions common people's economic interests from the negative.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the basic principle schematic of the present invention to the remote installed meter line powering

Fig. 2 is the simplest " level remote installed meter " switch annex schematic diagram

Fig. 3 is to use little integrated circuit " level remote installed meter " switch annex schematic diagram

Fig. 4 is the level height oscillogram of XH output among Fig. 2 and Fig. 3

Fig. 5 is with the line concentration system of integrated circuit tissue " level remote installed meter " switch annex schematic diagram

Fig. 6 is to use line concentration system " level remote installed meter " the switch annex schematic diagram of single-chip microcomputer tissue

Fig. 7 is a line concentration system system for transmitting network diagram

YC represents that to the teletransmission power supply, all the other symbols are described as follows in the unified specifications set in each figure in Fig. 1:

GND is the ground wire of ordinary meaning, XH be remote installed meter to data acquisition unit transmission signals terminal, SR is a data acquisition unit to remote installed meter power supply (double as synchronizing signal) terminal; ZD, CD keep assembly for charging, Rs, Cs are the time delay resistor-capacitor unit, RB is that resistance is kept in the delay capacitor charging, K2, K1 are the position microswitch, Rx, Cx are input interference filter assembly, and Ry, Cy are output time-delay Control Component, and Rn, Cn are the inter-stage trigger circuit, B1, B2 are the remote installed meter component blocks to Bn

Below in conjunction with several embodiment, technical characterictic of the present invention is further described.

Embodiment one: the ammeter data collection of installing " Every household has an ammeter " concentratedly passes system.

This example is applicable to that the central controlled family of realization " Every household has an ammeter " electricity consumption metering system realizes the system of remote meter reading, usually the new ammeter of general replacement electron type in power line reconstruct, the pulse output that the promising calibration of this class ammeter is provided with, can directly be used for driving 12 binary string linage-counters 4040 of a CMOS structure, the 6th in counter and the output respectively of last position, its action principle is analogous to the simplest two microswitches and directly exports.Input " data acquisition unit ",

The result of Pyatyi 32 frequency divisions before wherein the high-low level of the 6th output is respectively is one of the percentage 0.01KW/H when selecting watt-hour meter 3200 commentaries on classics/KW for use just.The height of last position is changed to 2048 frequency divisions of input or 64 frequency divisions (0.64KW/H) of last output, and is self-evident in order to adjust the prime counting error that fortuitous event causes, and the CMOS counter can directly use the power supply of electron plate in the table.

What deserves to be mentioned is the adjustment mode of this non-decimal counting, can carry out metric adjustment and directly store.As for avoiding the trouble of metrological service's formality or user's doubt, when be sure oing that transmission is unlikely to be subjected to the interference of enough amplitudes from the electron plate in showing to this section of pulse delivery outlet small distance, can take the table lid apart, directly use the external counter of output pulsed drive, concrete grammars such as relevant power supply supply are pardoned not numerous stating.

Embodiment two: the data of water meter collection of installing " Every household has an ammeter " concentratedly passes system.

The counting system of water meter is used open rounding wheel architecture, makes the switch transformation be very easy to, as long as take away the rotor that two pointers are changed off-centre or positive five limits (angle) shape, generally opens and closes the level detection switch at the position of X0.1 setting-up eccentricity rotor; The position setting-up eccentricity rotor of X1 or the position of X10 are installed five limits (angle) shape rotor and are opened and closed the carry detector switch.Two switches are directly processed on a wiring board, can directly export if any the outer package protection, otherwise should cooperate the circuit (processing together) of Fig. 2 or Fig. 3 to export.

BG1 and BG2 form easy XOR gate among Fig. 2, become the low level initial stage at SR, and K1 opens and closes the output high-low level of decision and transports to XH through BG3; The charge-discharge circuit that RS and CS form is determined the variation of XH level except that keeping the BG3 passage in the early stage of CS discharge, also is enough to replace KS to finish and keeps the effect of channel status because of KB, judges the on off state of K2.

Fig. 3 has used modal 555 time base circuits, and the high level that XH embodies when becoming low level with SR is held time and judged the on off state of K2, K1; Cooperate the effect of CS to be to guarantee to disturb the unlikely low level false triggering that causes with the RS of ZR parallel connection.

The water meter of installing concentratedly is only installed several because volume is bigger in the common hole of waterpipe of multichannel output, the water meter at tens families, building, a building be installed in respectively several near coal-mine in.This example uses the low-power scm of a slice cheapness to form the most easy elementary concentrator in each hole, the input method of the separated time system of pressing is collected the level state of each table output, parameter after compiling embodies the current level of each table in order successively still in the mode of level output.Each elementary concentrator is equivalent to a user, " data acquisition unit " that the method input of using line concentration system to transmit gathers.Under the situation of conditions permit, several even tens hole set are one, constitute the concentrated uploading system with building or consecutive number building.

Different with the invention of most new products, the present invention is intended to correct should the background in wide market product technology traditional idea deviation, makes it more to adapt to the ability to bear in market, only inquires into what be done, and relates to and how to do, and how not to do better and do not canvass.Two examples of top are exactly by this principle, and the basic structure that meets the invention principle only is provided, do not provide the concrete measure that how to improve circuit characteristic (for example the microswitch of embodiment two be to close actually still be movingly break, be that the edge is touched or insertion etc.).

Fig. 4 has illustrated Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 two circuit when low level of SR changes, the level state of XH line output during two switch various combinations.Two bits have been represented the closure (0) of K2 and K1 and have been disconnected (1) state, and its t1 represents to t4 or t0 to t5 from the SR step-down and begins to the output end that resets, on the XH line because of the time ratio of different on off state combination results varying levels." data acquisition unit " judged the state decision counting of two switches according to this or adjusted numerical value.Right-hand component t0 is that function because of the anti-false triggering of Rx, Cx forms to time of t1 among the figure.

Embodiment three: line concentration system data set passes system's outline.

Old-fashioned in the ammeter of eddy current generation rotation counting and the decade counter of gas meter, used the wheel train structure of sealing transmission roughly the same, bigger space is arranged in the table, can change the structure of decimal place and hundred two-wheeleds, add or change into five limits (angle) shape runner, touch a microswitch, concrete structure will not be inquired into.Comprise water meter, the shake during three kinds of mechanical type microswitch actions is used as undesired signal by " data acquisition unit " and is ignored.

The interior accessory circuit of table that is used for the transmission of line concentration system, divide integrated circuit (Fig. 5) and two kinds of situation discussion of single-chip microcomputer (Fig. 6): Fig. 5 circuit is two 555 and several attached Resistor-Capacitor Unit composition, the delay circuit of back and front comprise the circuit of anti-false triggering, all identical with Fig. 3 principle, no longer discuss, the effect of middle capacitor C n is to cut off the normal low level effect of prime, and only the negative edge of output pulse triggers a late-class circuit after prime is triggered.Each watch circuit is chosen different Ry, Cy combined value in the system, embodies different time delay, after the low level that a CR carries out simultaneously to all circuit triggers, exports the level of one group of display switch state successively by certain time interval.

The single chip circuit of Fig. 6, anyone can both choose many defect to circuit structure and comes, for example general single-chip microcomputer is operated under the 5V voltage, and circuit to use low-voltage obvious be unreliable etc.Why deliberately so the technique of painting mainly is the consistent characteristics of outstanding this instructions; Only represent basic structure, disregard details from the circuit logic structural principle!

Except that lacking adaptation spare, because single-chip microcomputer is to read level state repeatedly to judge whether SR stable low level synchronizing signal occurs, the diagram circuit substantially can operate as normal, if but increase capacitance-resistance charge-discharge circuit as Fig. 3 or Fig. 5 at the input circuit of symbol 1, filter out the interference illusion that major part may occur from hardware, then be not only and simplified the software determining program greatly, more improved the reliability of integrated circuit; Each attached electric capacity of microswitch K1, K2 can be eliminated the switch shake of moment; Lack oscillatory circuit open-and-shut " defectives " such as (for example PIC class single-chip microcomputer is former also can select inner oscillating circuit); deliberately make right purpose; nothing but for being that expression description of the invention institute drawings attached only is example; it is perfect to have or not several schemes (common-sense background technology) to replenish, can not be as the foundation of scope of protection that limited patent of invention.

In fact comprise separated time built in interior, the accessory circuit in all remote installed meters can use single-chip microcomputer, and cost will be higher than discrete component or common small scale integration.But this only is not form the preceding makeshift of mass market as yet, as long as show market scale slightly, promptly accomplish ripe the opportunity that manufactures and designs special-purpose integrated circuit, describe as can be seen from the circuit of discrete or little integrated circuit: the integrated level of such special circuit is much lower more than the musical film of cheapness, and customization in batches is expected 1 yuan even lower price.The inventor keeps the patent applying right again of implementing special IC.

Fig. 7 has illustrated collection to pass the network structure of the three-way tissue of system internal system, represents a branch with the remote installed meter accessory circuit of single chip computer architecture among the frame of broken lines B1, and B2, B3 represent to have n same branch to Bn.SJQ represents " data acquisition unit " among the figure, SR, XH can be any two ends mouths wherein, cooperate suitable circuit to constitute, wherein SR requires output to guarantee the enough voltage of distal-most end, enough keep the magnitude of current of each branch circuit when reaching max cap. (branches), XH recommends to use traditional 20mA circulation structure (not necessarily must meet the 20mA quantitative criterion).

It can be a low level signal that SR starts the order of measuring output, each branch occupies the XH line with different timesharing time delay, also can use the synchronous and gating counting order of low level signal difference of different in width, recommend to use the latter also to advocate both pulsewidth differences more than twice, with the influence of stubborn and stupid interference of opposing.Also can adopt the mode of intermittent sampling, guarantee the sufficiently long sampling interval time, the gating order reset counter of each branch to receive for the first time can be in order to avoid with the synchronizing signal of wide cut degree.

The attached single-chip microcomputer of remote installed meter is careful the quantity of gating counting order then because of the synchronizing signal internal counter that resets, in the on off state information of the line is busy predetermined opportunity output oneself.

" data acquisition unit " of the present invention with initial all records of complete 0 numerical value, random time is only stored each remote installed meter, stands ready since the current aggregate-value of set-up time and uploads.The present invention does not relate to which kind of mode of employing to be uploaded, or not through one-level even multistage concentrated again, the original radix of each family remote installed meter is recorded in the microcomputer of upper or final charging, and the user is added up final aggregate-value, also is to store through simple arithmetic there.As seen the error in addition that any user is occurred can be corrected record there, and needn't be done any numerical value adjustment to native system after simply checking and verify.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of continuous data collection of anti-interference zero error passes system, overcome the prejudice of trend consciousness, start with from the problem that thorough elimination did not have the undesired signal of solution to influence count value in the past, again counter is separated from remote installed meter and included in the data acquisition unit, guarantee that transmission quality is characterised in that: change the pulse that " data acquisition unit " avoids suppressing to disturb passive count transmitted, for repelling the dead level that disturbs illusion active monitoring " level remote installed meter ".

2, continuous data collection according to claim 1 passes system, the monitored level width of broadening, increasing reaches thorough eliminating interference with the difference of disturbing pulse, accomplish to be with the technical characterictic of the synchronous zero error of continuous data: the detector switch installation position selection is at the lowest order of collecting data demand, makes the high-low level width equate or approaching.

3, continuous data collection according to claim 1 and 2 passes system, it is characterized in that: the microswitch that the monitoring switch preferentially selects for use prevailing metal spring leaf contact to make.

4, continuous data collection according to claim 1 passes system, overcomes fortuitous event and guarantees that the technical characterictic of the identical record of zero error is: at the high-order or more high-order carry adjustment switch module that installs additional.

5, continuous data collection according to claim 1 and 2 passes system, gets rid of artificial destruction or detect the transmission line fault to notify at once, it is characterized in that: attached level output conversion circuit in the remote installed meter.

6, continuous data collection according to claim 1 and 2 passes system, remote installed meter can use the mode of common line concentration of transmissions, it is characterized in that: do not contain power supply in the level remote installed meter, with the power lead centrally connected power supply of double as synchronizing signal, the timesharing of band time delay circuit takies the XH circuit.

7, continuous data collection according to claim 1 passes system, and it is characterized in that can be by the principle of functional requirement and discrete component, and the special IC of design customization cheapness replaces the higher single-chip microcomputer of value.

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