CN1722136A - Method and system of data storage capacity allocation and management using one or more data storage drives - Google Patents
Method and system of data storage capacity allocation and management using one or more data storage drives Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Aspects of the present invention allow the implementation of one or more data pools using portions or sectors of one or more hard disk drives. Aspects of the invention incorporate at least a method and system of implementing the one or more data pools. The method of implementing a data pool using one or more data storage drives may comprise first generating a first partition table and a second partition table, wherein the first partition table is a mirror image of said second partition table. The method further comprises second generating a first pool information block and a second pool information block, wherein the first pool information block is a mirror image of said second pool information block. The system of implementing a data pool using one or more data storage drives may comprise a memory, a software resident in the memory, and a processor capable of executing the software.
Description
Related application and reference paper
The right of priority of the application's reference and opinion U.S. Provisional Patent Application " method and system that hard drive capacity is distributed and managed " (acting on behalf of case 15675US01), its application number is 60/562847, the applying date is on April 15th, 2004, by with reference to its all and subject combination that it is complete in herein.
The right of priority of the application's reference and opinion U.S. Provisional Patent Application " data storage capacity distribution and management method and system " (acting on behalf of case 15675US02), its application number is 60/648634, the applying date is on January 31st, 2005, by with reference to its all and subject combination that it is complete in herein.
Technical field
Background technology
Because data are handled or the growth of the data storage requirement of data counting device, and the user wishes to increase one or more extra data storage drives.Unfortunately, increasing extra data storage drive is a difficult task.The user needs dismounting, configuration, and reconnect one or more data storage drives, to hold extra data storage drive.And the data storage drive of increase need be by a series of tediously long steps by manual configuration.Under some situation, also need to carry out one or more application software with to the memory driver that increases subregion fully.And as a rule, the user wishes redundance and the handling capacity to support to increase by mirror image and fragmented storage driver.Yet this task generally includes the step of many tools complexity and can be difficult to and carries out.Therefore, along with the increase of storage of subscriber data demand, can fast and effeciently increase data storage capacity and become more and more important to cater to user's request.
The application's in conjunction with the drawings remainder and contrast this systems of features more of the present invention, the limitation of existing and traditional implementation method and drawback are conspicuous.
Summary of the invention
The method and system that feature of the present invention is distributed and managed in conjunction with at least a hard drive capacity.Various feature of the present invention allows to utilize some part of one or more hard disk drives or some sector to constitute one or more databases.Above-mentioned feature of the present invention combines and is disclosed fully and describe with afterwards at least one accompanying drawing, has provided more complete description in the claims.
According to a feature of the present invention, a kind of method of utilizing one or more data storage drive fulfillment databases is proposed, comprising:
First, set up one first partition table and one second partition table, described first partition table is the mirror image of described second partition table, described first and/or second partition table has been stipulated the position and the size of one or more subregions in the data storage drive, and described data driver is in described one or more data-carrier stores of data storage device; And
Second, generate one first database information piece and one second database information piece, the described first database information piece is the mirror image of the described second database information piece, the described first or second database information piece is used for identification and connects one or more subregions, and the described first and/or second database information piece is stored in each described subregion of described one or more data storage drives.
Preferably, described method further comprises at least one or a plurality of program block and pane in the described one or more subregions of identification; And
Connect described one or more program block and pane to form described database.
Preferably, described memory driver comprises hard disk drive.
According to another feature of the present invention, a kind of method of utilizing one or more data storage drives to adjust the partitions of database size is provided, comprise: at first, generate one first database information piece and one second database information piece, the described first and second database information pieces are positioned at the initiating terminal of each subregion, and the described first and second database information pieces are used to discern described subregion.
Preferably, described method further comprises: secondly, generation one is used to store first field of first value in described each first and second database information piece; And
In the described first and second database information pieces, utilize described first value oppositely to measure the variable quantity that described partition size is adjusted.
Preferably, described method further comprises:
The 3rd, generation one is used to store second field of second value in each described first and second database information piece;
In the described first and second database information pieces, utilize the described second value forward to measure the variable quantity that described partition size is adjusted.
Preferably, described method further comprises:
The 4th, generation one is used to store the 3rd field of the 3rd value, the size before the described subregion of described the 3rd value indication is adjusted; And
The 5th, generation one is used to store the 4th field of the 4th value, and the size of adjusting the described subregion in back is finished in described the 4th value indication.
Preferably, this method further is included in first field that generates storage first designator in each described first and second database information piece; And
Shown in measuring, the first designator forward direction that utilization is positioned at the described first and second database information pieces adjusts the variable quantity that the described partition size of measurement of size is adjusted.
Preferably, described method further comprises:
The 3rd, generate second field that can store second designator, described second designator indicates described subregion to be resized size before; And
The 4th, produce the 3rd field that can store the 3rd designator, described the 3rd designator indicates described subregion to be resized size afterwards.
According to a feature of the present invention, a kind of method of utilizing the data-storage system fulfillment database is provided, described data-storage system comprises at least one data storage drive.Described method is included as each described memory driver and sets up one first partition table and one second partition table, and described first partition table and second partition table are mirror image each other;
Preferably, at least one partition table in described first and second partition tables provides the position for next subregion of described database;
Preferably, if in described first or second partition table activates, or described first or the unactivated partition table of described second partition table on carry out the renewal of described partition table.
According to a feature of the present invention, a kind of method that comprises at least one fulfillment database in the data storage device of data storage drive is provided, described method comprises:
Utilize described one or more data storage drive memory allocated capacity;
Utilize described one or more data storage drive that described database is carried out data sementation;
Utilize described one or more data storage drive that described database is carried out data image;
Preferably, described data storage drive comprises hard disk drive.
According to a feature of the present invention, provide a kind of at least one data storage drive that utilizes to increase partitioned method for database, it comprises:
The first, set up one first database information piece and one second database information piece, the described first and second database information pieces are positioned at the initiating terminal of each subregion, are used to discern described subregion;
The second, in each described first and second database information piece, generate first field that a storage first is worth;
The the three, one second field is used to store second value, the size before the described subregion of the described second value indication increases;
The 4th, generate the 3rd field that a storage the 3rd is worth, the size after the described subregion of described the 3rd value indication increases.
According to a feature of the present invention, provide a kind of and utilized one or more data storage drives and the system of fulfillment database, it comprises:
One storer;
One is solidificated in the software in the described storer; And
One carries out the processor of described software, set up one first partition table and one second partition table by carrying out described software, described first partition table is the mirror image of described second partition table, and described first and/or second partition table provides the position and the size information of at least one subregion of described at least one data-carrier store.
Preferably, described execution can generate one first database information piece and one second database information piece, the described first and second database information pieces are positioned at the initiating terminal of each subregion of described one or more subregions, and the described second and second database information piece is used to discern one or more subregions of described one or more data storage drives.
Described one or more data storage drive comprises hard disk drive.
From following description and accompanying drawing, these and other advantage of the present invention, feature and novelty are understood fully with the description meeting of specific embodiment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the typical system configuration figure that uses network additive storage device (NAS) in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the network additive storage device of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the NAS chip (NASoC) of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is that the database of interior at least one hard disk drive of network storage optional equipment of one embodiment of the invention distributes and management flow chart;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram that the useful capacity of one embodiment of the invention is two disc drivers that are called " Surya " and " Manasi " of 13.5GB;
Fig. 6 is the browser of setting up shared region such as the Netscape snapshot of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the establishment of one embodiment of the invention or the browser snapshot of at least one shared region that deletion is associated with at least one database;
Fig. 8 is the disk of the use of one embodiment of the invention file storage mechanism of the present invention or the structured flowchart of data storage drive;
Fig. 9 is the structured flowchart of a subregion of the disk of one embodiment of the invention or data storage drive;
Figure 10 is the structured flowchart of a magnetic disk head file of one embodiment of the invention;
Figure 11 is the structured flowchart of the database information piece of one embodiment of the invention;
Figure 12 is that the permission network storage equipment of one embodiment of the invention utilizes at least one data storage drive to realize the start-up routine process flow diagram of at least one database;
Figure 13 is that the partition size of a data storage drive in the data storage device of one embodiment of the invention is adjusted operational flowchart.
Embodiment
Feature of the present invention proposes a kind of data storage drive capacity allocation and management method and system at least.Various feature of the present invention allows the system of existing one or more data storage drives is increased one or more data storage drives.After having increased one or more data storage drives, this system is configured to satisfy one or more user's data storage needs.After increasing data storage drive, all data storage drives can be analyzed and be configured again by the concentrated area, to meet user's requirement.Among the representational embodiment of the present invention, any use or unappropriated space in all data storage drives will be divided into one or more databases, so that the whenever obtainable storage space in any data storage drive all will obtain utilizing.
Described data storage device comprises one or more data storage drives, as hard disk drive, and the perhaps driver of other types.Described data storage device can be the combination of several data of different types memory drivers.Data storage drive comprises the medium that can store data of any kind.Hereinafter alleged " hard disk drive " alternatively index according to memory driver or any other driver or include the element of data storage medium.In a representational embodiment, one or more data storage drives or hard disk drive are in conjunction with constituting a data memory device.Described data storage device comprises one or more data storage drives or hard disk drive.In a representational embodiment of the present invention, described data storage device is further combined with one or more additional data memory drivers or hard disk drive.
And a kind of method and system of building storehouse, mirror image and segmentation automatically of the data space that is provided by one or more hard disk drives are provided feature of the present invention.In addition, when carrying out raid-array (Redundant Access Independent Disk is called for short RAID) function, the present invention allows to use the driver of different sizes and speed.
Various feature of the present invention allows to utilize the segment space of one or more hard disk drives to constitute at least one database.Described database can be regarded as logical drive.The storage space that is not assigned with in described one or more hard disk drive can heavily be divided and next one or more subregion is linked to form database with keeping the score.Described one or more subregion can utilize described one or more hard disk drive to carry out mirror image or cut apart.The subregion of a plurality of hard disk drives can be used to create database.For example, combine with a subregion of the subregion of first hard disk drive and second hard disk drive and form a database.In a representational embodiment of the present invention, can gather all hard disk drives to increase memory capacity and/or to provide mirror image or the data partition space.In a representational embodiment, be combined or connected a plurality of hard disk drive can physically be contained in the independent data storage device.Described data storage device can also be access in local area network, for example, and for any amount of data processing or computing equipment provide memory device.Described data processing or calculation element can comprise one or more robot calculator.Another feature of the present invention provides the share and access to the one or more databases in the memory device by one or more users.Below said data storage device all can be called network additive storage device (NAS).A database can be by creating one or more shared regions by one or more user captures.In a representational embodiment, a database can comprise one or more shared regions.Each shared region takies a subregion of described database.
Fig. 1 is the typical system configuration figure that uses the network storage equipment 100 in one embodiment of the invention.The described network storage equipment 100 provides data storage for one or more data storage devices.As shown in Figure 1, a switchgear connects the described network storage equipment 100 and one or more data processing equipment.Described switchgear can provide wireless or wired connection, and for example, a wireless router utilizes any in the following wireless or cable data communications protocol: 10/100 Ethernet protocol, Gigabit Ethernet agreement, 802.11x agreement, Bluetooth protocol etc.Described one or more data storage device comprises Digital Video, digital camera, MP3 player, PDA, one or more individual video recorder.As shown in Figure 1, the configurable hard disk drive of described individual video recorder can not have hard disk drive yet.In a representational embodiment, described individual video recorder can be the set-top box (set-top-box) with individual video recorder function, and the individual video recorder of hereinafter being mentioned also comprises the set-top box with video recorder function.As shown in Figure 1, described individual video camera connects the televisor or the display that can show content of multimedia.The use of the described network storage equipment 100 provides a centralized storage for the content of multimedia that one or more individual video recorders receive, and any data storage that it can not received with the individual video recorder of memory device such as hard disk drive is to the network storage equipment 100.And, comprise that any data of the data processing equipment storage of individual video recorder all can be visited and browse by other any data processing equipments easily.For example, can not visit video recorder by the band hard disk with the individual video recorder of hard disk and be stored in content of multimedia in the network storage equipment 100, vice versa.Thereby the described network storage equipment 100 has further been realized the data sharing between described one or more data processing equipment.Because of the described network storage equipment provides remote storage mechanism, it can be considered as " virtual memory facilities " by described one or more data processing equipments.This configuration of the described network storage equipment 100 makes it be easy to extended storage capacity, and for example described network storage equipment 100 can insert one or more extra hard disk drives.The network storage equipment 100 can design extra data storage drive such as the hard disk drive of easier access.Can connect the additional hard disk drive and the network storage equipment 100 with cable that is complementary and/or connector.Therefore the network storage equipment 100 has proposed a kind of easy adjustment size that meets the rising tendency of following data storage and has reached data storage mechanism flexibly.In addition, the network storage equipment 100 can realize that also data image and data cut apart read-write.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the network storage equipment 200 in one embodiment of the invention.The described network storage equipment 200 comprises printed circuit board (PCB) (NAS PCB) 202, comprises one or more elements.Described one or more element is electrically connected mutually by described printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) 202.Described one or more element comprises: network storage equipment chip (NASoC) 204, random access memory 208, flash memory 212, AC power interface 216, power supply 220, interface module 224, wireless transceiver/Anneta module 228, one or more hard disk drive 232 and controller 236.Described interface module 224 may comprise following one or more interfaces: IEEE1394, USB, 10/100 Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, PCI, SATA, ATA, IDE, SCSI, GPIO or the like.Described wireless transceiver/sky module 228 can be add-on module or mini pci card, can be connected with the printed circuit board (PCB) 202 of NAS, also can be assemblied on the described printed circuit board (PCB) 202.Described one or more hard disk drive 232 depends on the design of NAS 200 and comprises any amount of hard disk drive.Described printed circuit board (PCB) 202 can be designed to admit the hard disk drive of right quantity.The quantity of the hard disk drive that need use depends on the mirror image that NAS 200 provides or the type of data sementation (being RAID).The invention allows for the method for the one or more parts formation databases that distribute one or more hard disk drives.For example, in order to produce a database, the part on the part on a certain hard disk drive and another hard disk drive is linked.Further feature of the present invention expands memory space by increasing extra hard disk drive to NAS.Another feature of the present invention comprises that the one or more data storage drives that use one or more different sizes or speed are to realize one or more data of database mirror images and data sementation (being the execution of various RAID layer functions).In one embodiment, controller 236 provides control for any one equipment (as hard disk drive) that is connected to NASoC 204, and described controller can be IDE controller or SATA controller.Described NASoC 204 can be the integrated circuit (IC) chip that contains a processor or a CPU (central processing unit) (CPU) 204.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram according to the NAS chip (NASoC) 300 of one embodiment of the invention.Described NASoC 300 one is installed on the integrated circuit on the aforesaid NAS PCB.This NASoC 300 provides one or more permission NAS the function of true(-)running.Described NASoC 300 comprises: CPU (central processing unit) (CPU) 304, random access memory 308, Ethernet/mac controller 312, encryption accelerator 316, security/authentication, key change, data managing entitlement (DRM) circuit 320 and a group interface 324,328,332 on the sheet, 336,340.Described interface 324,328,332,336,340 comprises the interface of following type, for example: USB device interface 324, host pci interface 332, GPIO/LCD/ flash media interface 328, ata interface 336, usb host interface 340.Described NAS chip 300 can communicate with the described one or more parts of Fig. 2 and/or be connected.
As shown in Figure 2, NAS can be connected with the hard disk drive of varying number, and it depends on the requirement of its memory data output and RAID (data image and/or data are cut apart).The base of described NAS 200 can be according to 1,2,4 of the type configuration or the more hard disk driver that use.For example, described NAS can utilize four hard disk drives to realize RAID 1+0 (data image and data are cut apart simultaneously), is suitable in small office or the business environment.Feature of the present invention provides when carrying out the RAID function, can use the hard disk drive of different capabilities, type or speed.In family's user environment, described NAS can only use one or two hard disk drive, because the memory capacity that needs is less than the demand of office or business environment usually.Similarly, the memory member that NAS adopted also can be different because of the difference of type of service.Because data storage requirement has increased, corresponding data storage frequency has also increased, and needs to improve by the memory capacity that increases NAS the performance of NAS, to satisfy the demand of operation.For example, can increase the capacity of flash memory or DRAM and improve the performance of NAS, the size of base, power circuit and other parts all need to adjust accordingly.
In one embodiment, when NAS started or powers on, the processor 240 in the NASoC (204 or 300) was carried out software or the firmware that is solidificated in 212 li of random access memory 208 or flash memories.The execution of described software or firmware can produce one or more user interfaces, so that the user utilizes the segment space in one or more hard disk drives to make up one or more databases.Described user interface can be further combined with the one or more RAID layers of one or more database configuration.
In one embodiment, the execution of described software can make the http-server in the teller work station (as client station) show the preset user interface.In one embodiment, processor 204 performed softwares include the configuration file that operating system (as the Windows operating system of Microsoft) can be discerned, thereby can carry out and browse by the Windows browser program.Before the user finished initialization procedure to NAS, the described document that is provided with was addressable.Can produce one or more authentication passwords that are used for the described configurator of subsequent process visit in the initialization procedure.The described Windows of Microsoft operating system comprises WindowsXP, 2000, ME, 98, Pocket PC etc.Click described configuration that the Windows browser display comes out and ask when the filename of file is carried out described configuration file, can show a user interface in the user's data treatment facility.The user can provide one or more inputs to come initialization or configuration NAS then.Described input comprises following content: NAS title, admin name, administrator's password, one or more safe actuator, time, time zone, network time server, Internet Protocol address, database-name, RAID designator, database shared region title and shared region access password of replacing.Database-name, RAID designator, database shared region title and shared region access password are the major parameters that is used for hard drive management in the NAS.In one embodiment, aforesaid disc driver management parameters is stored in the flash memory of NAS, as shown in Figure 2.Described flash memory can be nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM).
Fig. 4 is that the database of the one or more hard disk drives in the network storage equipment according to an embodiment of the invention distributes and management flow chart.In 404 steps, the corresponding disk management user interface of user capture.In one embodiment, need the user with licencing key input user interface after, produce this disk management user interface.In a representational embodiment,, need to carry out a configuration file in order to produce the one or more user interfaces that comprise described disk management user interface.Figure 5 shows that the snapshot of browser, as Windows browser or Netscape, it provides an exemplary disk management interface that allows the user to import one or more disc libraries parameters.In step 408, the quantity and the type of the definite database that will be created of user.As shown in Figure 5, the user can import new database-name, and the disk space that one or more disc drivers are provided distributes.Shown two disc drivers among Fig. 5, called after Surya and Manasi all have the active volume of 13.5Gb respectively.The field that is used to adjust the disk space allocated size is provided in this user interface, and it also allows the user to choose whether and need carry out mirror image or cut apart database.In step 412, the user need determine to be used in described one or more driver to form the distribution in the space of database.In step 416, the user need specify the RAID layer for the database of creating.In a representational embodiment, can specify following RAID layer by user interface: RAID0, RAID1 and RAID0+1.In 420 steps, share for the one or more database initializes that produce before are one or more.The snapshot of the browser that Fig. 6 is according to one embodiment of present invention to be provided, as netscape browser, it helps for being stored in the foundation or the share directory shared of the shared data in the database.A database can contain one or more shared regions.In a representational embodiment, can also comprise the sub-directory of one or more data files in shared region.Shared region allows the storage space in one or more user accesses data storehouse.When the keeper distributed to password of user, this user just obtained the share and access authority.As shown in Figure 6, the keeper can use described graphic user interface to shared region password to be set.If have when surpassing a shared region at a lane database, the shared disk space of each shared region with respect to by gross space that this database provided by application with adding up.In a representational embodiment, shared region or its share directory will occupy a part of space of database, and the occupied space of one or more shared regions is not overlapping.The browser snapshot that Fig. 7 is according to one embodiment of present invention to be provided, it has shown one or more shared regions and corresponding one or more databases thereof, it also provides the establishment or the deletion of one or more shared regions.Aforesaid one or more user interface is an example, can envision, and the embodiment of other various user interfaces can be applied to the present invention.
The various features of the present invention also provide a kind of mechanism of the various piece storage file that one or more data storage are driven.Described mechanism comprises the size that dynamically changes file system in one or more data storage drives and the characteristic of configuration, and as database is being carried out when in the change process outage taking place invalid data that lose in the restore data memory driver or temporary transient.Described change comprises the size and the configuration of revised file system.
The outer interface of described mechanism can be the universal document system interface, has to be specifically designed to the feature operation that changes disk file system size and configuration.Standard file system interface on described file system interface and the various different operating system is similar.Described standard file system comprises Linux, Unix and Windows file system.In a representational embodiment, described file system can be the directory tree that contains file.Described file system further is provided with metadata for each file or catalogue.Described metadata comprises file or directory name, the last access time, the owner, access limit.Described file system interface provides establishment, has deleted, read and has write one or more directory operations.In addition, described file system allows to read and revised file and metadata.Described file storage mechanism is carried out two major parts---be called the bottom data part, and the file system data part.These two data parts are carried out data by a simple interface and are exchanged, and described interface provides the file system data part of visit with the planar array form appearance of data byte.Described planar array is called as the middle level data array.In a representational embodiment, described file system partly comprises a traditional file system.The file system data part can be used any one standard document system, as Reiser FS, JFS, ext3fs or NTFS.Operate in above-mentioned file system and middle level data array in ordinary magnetic disc or the disk partition, do not change in use or change hardly.
The entire portion of described file storage mechanism can be the bottom data part.Described bottom data part can be visited the one or more original disks that are used to store data.Each original disk can be a data memory driver, and the bottom data by file storage mechanism partly uses fully.In a representational embodiment, have only the bottom data part of file storage mechanism just can read and write described one or more original disk.In described one or more original disk or the data storage drive each all can be used for providing storage space to one or more databases, thereby does not have the disk that is only used by an independent database.Several databases can partly come a shared disk by the bottom data of file storage mechanism.
The characteristics of described bottom data part are that it has the two states type.First kind of state is momentary state, is present in any medium, comprises volatile memory such as DRAM.Yet described momentary state may not can appear in original disk or the data storage drive, and in a representational embodiment, one or more stable data modes can appear in described one or more original disks.When the data processing of using disk pool mechanism or data computation device were restarted, momentary state was with destroyed.This situation only can take place when gross mistake is arranged, and handles or shutdown of data computation device or outage as data.The stable data of the stable data mode that bottom data partly uses can be further divided into two classes: original data block and meta data block.Metadata has illustrated how raw data is linked at and has constituted the middle level data array together.Each original data block should accurately mate with the part of adjoining of middle level data array.In a representational embodiment, a still undefined numerical value is arranged in the original data block, it can be used as " stand-by " piece and uses, and can be used for forming mirror database.The original data block that described metadata description is dispersed in the original disk is how to constitute the middle level data array.Described metadata can comprise Mirror Info and carve information.
When one or more disks were unavailable, it was effective that at least some metadata are preferably arranged.If set up database using mirror image, it is established usually so that when if any one disk is invalid, a at least back-up storage of each middle level data array is in one or more disks of remainder.For example, during one or more disk loss, by mirror image, the structure of bottom part more helps the validity of whole middle level data array.In a representational embodiment, lose disk and represent not to be that all middle level data array data are effective, in this case, the bottom part will provide enough diagnostic messages to send possible error message.
Metadata intersperses among in this disk as the original data block of disk.The description of the distributed intelligence mode of metadata for make when one or more disk loss information can obtain and make system in when, in the operating process outage taking place more firm and for be very important.For example, aforesaid operations will change the size and/or the configuration of raw data in the disk, perhaps metadata be carried out other and will change, as revise the filename of database.
One or more data storage drives in the various feature reference paper memory mechanism of the present invention use the metadata location technology.For example, if metadata all is simply to back up at each disk or data storage drive, just can not have problems during the situation of generation disk loss.Yet other disk also was not updated if one of them disk was updated, and will go wrong when so outage taking place.If all on a disk or data memory driver, the problem that outage is brought will solve than being easier to all metadata., if contain the disk loss of metadata, file storage mechanism can't be moved.
Fig. 8 uses the disk of file storage mechanism of the present invention or the structured flowchart of data storage drive in one embodiment of the invention.The starting point of disk is one fixed-size, is called as magnetic disk head file 804.Among Fig. 8, the additional storage capacity of the one or more zoned formats of piece 808,812,816,820,824 expressions, n subregion 824 last subregion 824 of expression.As shown in Figure 8, the initiating terminal of each disk or data storage drive is all reserved the piece 804 that fixed size is arranged for some metadata, is called as magnetic disk head file 804.The remaining part of disk is divided into a plurality of adjacent, nonoverlapping zones and is called subregion 808,812,816,820, and magnetic disk head file 804 has been described the starting point and the size of each subregion.In the disk that provides, may also have unallocated magnetic disk head file 804 or the subregion 808,812,816,820,824 given in some spaces; These spaces can be used for creating new subregion (when creating new database or expansion existing database), perhaps expand existing subregion when database (expand existing).The configuration of subregion is determined by one or more partition tables that generally many partition table forms use in different system, as Linux, Windows and DOS system.What be different from existing system is that the present invention also can realize the format of the partition table that disk pool mechanism bottom partly uses.Compare with existing system, the one or more partition tables that use in the file storage mechanism of the present invention are arranged in the piece of a fixed size of disk or data storage drive initiating terminal.The present invention also can use dual partition table in the magnetic disk head file of data storage drive.Described partition table is mirror image each other, is used for redundancy.When carrying out one or more operation, described dual partition table is used for protecting the integrality of the data that are stored in one or more data storage drives.Described one or more operation can be the renewal information relevant with database and Disk name.Described magnetic disk head file can comprise and the relevant metadata information of file storage mechanism bottom part.
Fig. 9 is the structured flowchart of a subregion of disk or data storage drive in one embodiment of the invention.According to this embodiment, each subregion comprises three elements 904,908,912.Two elements are respectively the first and second database information pieces (PBIs) 904,908, and each database information piece comprises 512 bytes.These database information piece 904,908 included database metadata.The 3rd that is last parts are subregion useful load 912, comprise raw data and attaching metadata.The size of subregion useful load 912 can be any amount of byte (a perhaps piece), by defining in the partition table of magnetic disk head file.Described partition table also can define one or more in the subregion, and each piece comprises 512 bytes.In other embodiments of the invention, the no byte quantity that can also use of aforesaid database information piece and subregion useful load piece.
Figure 10 is the structured flowchart of a magnetic disk head file in the embodiment of the invention.Described magnetic disk head file comprises 2560 bytes, can be made up of following field:
First field: from 0 byte of skew, " magic " header file field 1004 that is used takies 34 bytes.According to various features of the present invention, described field 1004 comprises special data, corresponding disk is designated the part of the Database Systems that disc libraries mechanism bottom partly uses.The disk that does not contain described 34 byte special datas can not be regarded as the part of Database Systems in the file storage mechanism that the present invention proposes.
Second field: from the 34th byte of skew, NAS identifier field 1008 is used, and 6 bytes are used to this field 1008.These 6 described disks of the sign formatization that byte is unique also produce the device of magnetic disk head file, in one embodiment, and described 6 byte-identifiers symbol expression, one network storage equipment.
The 3rd field: from the 40th byte of skew, 41 byte Disk name fields 1012 are used.Described 41 byte Disk name fields 1012 can be stored readable ASCII of user or Unicode character string, as the identification title of disk.In one embodiment, described field 1012 can finish with 0, and each byte after the one 0 byte also is 0, thereby last byte inevitable always 0.
The 4th field:, be used to zero-bit filler field 1016 with the zero-bit filler of 3 bytes from the 81st byte of skew.
The 5th field: from the 84th byte of skew, 16 byte-identifier symbols are used to identify described disk by disc identifier field 1020.Described 16 byte-identifiers symbol produces when creating the magnetic disk head file at random or partly at random.
The 6th field: from 100 bytes of skew, the zone bit that is used for a byte of attribute field 1024 is used to indicate interior two partition tables of magnetic disk head file, and which is in state of activation.For example, numerical value " 0 " can represent that first partition table is in state of activation, and any other numerical value represents that then second partition table is in state of activation.
The 7th field: from the 101st byte of skew, 411 unused bytes are not used to byte field 1028.
Eight characters section: from the 512nd byte of skew, first partition table is stored in the first subregion field 1032, and this first subregion field 1032 comprises 1024 bytes.
The 9th field: from the 1536th byte of skew, second partition table is stored in the second subregion field 1036, and it also comprises 1024 bytes.
Second, third of described magnetic disk head file and the 5th field (as NAS identifier, Disk name and disk unique identifier) are used to define the disk of a uniqueness, avoid obscuring between any two different disk.
In a representational embodiment, under the situation of any supposition, only there is a partition table to be activated in described two partition tables by using the zone bit in the byte flag field 1024.When partition table changed, all fresh informations all write in the partition table that is not activated.When upgrading, all the unactivated partition tables in one or more data storage drives all are updated.Because the differentiation table that activates is not modified, when a write operation interrupts because of outage, inconsistent state can not appear.In a representational embodiment of the present invention, each partition table comprises 1024 bytes, and is divided into 64 inlets of per 16 bytes.In 64 inlets of described partition table each is a subregion in the designated disk all.When 16 bytes in the storage unit all were 0, described storage unit was considered as the sky storage unit.If this storage unit is not a dummy cell, then preceding 8 bytes of this unit are specified the starting block numbering, and 8 remaining bytes are specified the size of the data block of described subregion.Described starting block numbering and described size are explained according to 512 byte data block structures.Described starting block numbering is relevant with the initiating terminal of disk, and points to the useful load of subregion.Described big I is specified the size of the subregion useful load of this subregion.In this representational embodiment, described size does not comprise two data library information pieces that imply before the useful load of each subregion.If partition table shows that starting block is a piece 811, size is 13 data blocks, and then the first database information piece of this subregion is that piece 809, the second database information pieces are piece 810, and the useful load of subregion is that piece 811 is to piece 823.Because the magnetic disk head file has taken first 8 pieces, thereby the lowest effective value of the starting block number of storage unit is 10 in partition table.
Corresponding two the data library information pieces of each subregion are used for determining one or more databases.Each subregion has two data library information pieces so that when a data library information piece is modified, can visit another.Described two data library information pieces (PIB) can be distinguished correspondence database message block A and database information piece B.The process of upgrading described database information piece comprises following method.During all database information piece A of all subregions, database information piece B does not all change, so that database information piece B will always be in steady state (SS) when database information piece A changes in changing database.Similarly, when upgrading database information piece B, all database information piece A all do not change, so that if database information piece A always is in steady state (SS) when database information piece B is unstable.The side-play amount of aforementioned magnetic disk head file field, byte length and field size are all inequality, and according to various features of the present invention, other enforcement may be utilized.
Figure 11 is that database information block structured according to an embodiment of the invention concerns block diagram.In a representational embodiment, each database information piece comprises 512 bytes, and can comprise following exemplary field:
First field: from 0 byte of skew, 81 bytes are used to database-name field 1104.In a representational embodiment, database-name field 1104 is made up of user readable SACII or Unicode character string, is used to represent the title of the database corresponding with this database information piece.Described database-name field can finish with 0 byte, and each byte after the one 0 byte also is 0, thereby last byte of field inevitable always 0 in this embodiment.
Second field: from the 81st byte of skew, 3 bytes of zero-bit filler are provided by the first zero-bit filler field 1108.
The 3rd field: from the 84th byte of skew, 16 bytes are used to the database identifier in the definition database identifier field 1112.Described 16 bytes can produce when database initialize at random or partly at random.
The 4th field: from the 100th byte of skew, 6 bytes are used to NAS identification field (ID) 1116, to be used to discern the network storage equipment of creating this database.This paricular value is corresponding with the paricular value in the NAS identifier field 1008 of the 34th byte shown in Figure 10.Like this, utilize unique database identifier, NAS identifier and establishment time stamp just can identify a database uniquely.The combination of these three identifiers can not be used by other any databases more in fact.If two different databases will cause that subregion that forms these one or more databases and obscure with identical database identifier, NAS identifier and establishment time stamp.Any two databases of creating in the consolidated network memory device should have different time stamps, and any two databases of creating in two different network storage equipments should have different NAS identifiers.Described unique database identifier passes through to produce at random, thereby has reduced the possibility of using identical three bit identifiers combination.Under some situation, the NAS identifier may be different with the actual NAS identifier of the current network storage equipment that is using this database, and this may remove from the network storage equipment because of one or more data storage drives or disk and insert new.If data memory driver or disk are used by a network storage equipment for the first time, and a database is created or is produced by another network storage equipment subsequently, and the NAS identifier of this database information piece also may be different from the data storage drive of described database use or the interior NAS identifier of header file topic of disk so.Because the NAS identifier in the header file should be corresponding with the network storage equipment of creating this header file for the first time in disk, thereby during the regeneration block table, the NAS identifier of header file can not change.Disk or the data storage drive that NAS identifier in the header file can be different distinguished mutually like this, and be same, and database information piece MNAS identifier also makes different that database is distinguished mutually.
The 5th field: from 106 bytes of skew, 2 bytes of zero-bit filler are added into the second zero-bit filler field 1120.
The 6th field: from the 108th byte of skew, in creation-time/date stamp field 1124,9 bytes are used to write down the creation-time/dater of a database.The time and date of record can identify a concrete database uniquely and make it be different from other database in conjunction with NAS identifier field 1216.Preceding 4 bytes in described 9 bytes are year, and a byte of following is month (1-12), and a byte is hour (0-23) then, and an ensuing again byte is branch (0-59), and last byte is second (0-59).In the specific embodiment, described time/dater is represented according to universal time.
The 7th field: from the 117th byte of skew, 3 bytes of zero-bit filler are added into one the 3rd zero-bit filler field 1128.
Eight characters section: the 120th byte from skew has 4 bytes to be used for representing the database data sementation or by the quantity of the subregion of segmentation.These 4 bytes are arranged in segmentation field 1132.In a representational embodiment, data sementation is not used in numerical value " 1 " expression, and numerical value " 0 " is invalid numerical value.Data sementation is carried out in an independent segmentation be equal to not segmentation, must have under the situation of two segmentations just meaningful at least the data segmentation.
The 9th field:, mirror image is arranged in 4 byte representation databases or by the quantity of the subregion of mirror image from the 124th byte of skew.There are 4 bytes to be positioned at mirror image field 1136.In a representational embodiment, mirror image is not used in numerical value " 1 " expression, and numerical value " 0 " expression is invalid.
The cross section: from the 128th byte of skew, the spare area quantity in 4 byte representation spare area fields 1140 in the employed database.In a representational embodiment, the no spare area of numerical value " 0 " expression can be used.
The 11 field:, have 4 byte representations to add the interior pane quantity of a subregion from the 132nd byte of skew.4 bytes are used in this pane field 1144.Pane comprises data strip, mirror image and preliminary data unit, is used for creating or forming entire database.The pane sum of a database comprises (NST* (NM*NSP)), wherein NST refers to since the quantity of the data strip or the divided pane of the 120th byte, NM refers to that NSP refers to the quantity of spare area or standby pane since the mirror image of the 124th byte or by the quantity of the pane of mirror image.In a representational embodiment, all panes of a database are started from scratch and are numbered one by one.For example give all data strip numberings of first mirror image earlier, the data strip numbering of giving second mirror image then, and the rest may be inferred; Then, number for then the data strip of second spare area, and the rest may be inferred to all data strip numberings of first spare area.
The 12 field: from the 136th byte of skew, chunk field 1148 takies 4 bytes, the quantity of chunk in the pane of indication in the expression pane field 1144.By using one or more chunks, a pane can be distributed in a plurality of subregions of a disk (or data storage drive), also can be distributed in a plurality of subregions of a plurality of disks.One or more chunks gather together according to corresponding pane in all subregions in all disks, and link forms a pane.Described chunk field 1148 points out to contain how many chunks in certain pane.In one embodiment, the minimum value of chunk field is 1.
The 13 field: from the 140th byte of skew, chunk identifier field 1152 takies 4 bytes, comprises a chunk identifier and is used for which chunk of representing that it represents pane.In one embodiment, the chunk in the pane is started from scratch and is numbered one by one, and all subregions form pane according to this number order link.
The 14 field: from the 144th byte of skew, RAID chunk field 1156 takies 4 bytes, the size of expression RAID chunk.Described RAID chunk size is a code that specifically is used for link partitions, carries out mirror image and cut apart, and database letter RAID chunk sizes all in the database that has provided are same numerical value.Notice that said " chunk " is different from foregoing " chunk " from the 136th byte to 140 byte herein.
The 15 field: from the 148th byte of skew, pane subregion detail list field 1160 takies the pane subregion detail list of 108 bytes, is used for determining to use the next pane of which subregion as this database.108 bytes of described subregion detail list are successively: 81 bytes for this section post Disk name, 1 byte is the zero-bit filler, 6 bytes are the NAS identifier, 16 bytes are the disk unique identifier that comprises the disk of this specified partition, 4 bytes are the quantity of specified subregion, are the 81+1+6+16+4=108 byte altogether.If subregion just in time corresponding last pane relevant with this pane subregion detail list, described pane subregion detail list field is pointed to first pane of next database, thus described pane subregion detail list field record the link between the subregion.If only have a pane in the database, and subregion is the unique subregion in this pane, and described pane subregion detail list field 1160 will refer to back this pane.
The 16 field: from the 256th byte of skew, chunk subregion detail list field 1164 takies the chunk subregion detail list of 108 bytes, is used for determining which subregion is the next chunk of this pane.If last that this subregion is this pane, described field refers to back first chunk of corresponding pane, thereby if this pane only is made up of a subregion, described field will be pointed out this pane itself.
The 17 field: from the 364th byte of skew, size is adjusted attribute field 1168 and is taken 4 bytes, and the current size of whether carrying out in unlabeled data storehouse is adjusted operation.In specific embodiment, available numerical value " 0 " expression is in non-adjustment state, and numerical value " 1 " represents that it handles big or small adjustment state, and it is invalid that other numerical value all is considered as.When carrying out size adjustment operation, the described network storage equipment can be stored corresponding information, when size is adjusted operation disruption, the state before the network storage equipment can be adjusted with this information self-recovery to size, the data in the network storage equipment just can not lost or be destroyed like this.The present invention can also execute the back and keep described attribute field in the database information piece in the size adjustment operation of correspondence database.In the specific embodiment, size is adjusted in the operating process and is not used the validity flag that is used for last field of database information piece.
The tenth Eight characters section: from the 368th byte of skew, inverse change amount field 1172 takies 8 bytes, and the expression size is adjusted the degree that is reversed of operation.When adjusting the database size, the size of each subregion can increase or dwindle (comprise because of a subregion of deletion being contracted to zero, thereby or because increase the increase of starting from scratch of a subregion size), thereby data need move forward and backward in pane.Be capped for fear of data, the order that data move is extremely important.The migration of data or conversion are carried out according to the following steps: move by the pane forward earlier, reverse again copy data oppositely moves by pane, the forward copy data then again.If size is adjusted operation disruption, oppositely the data that move can return to correct position according to described inverse change amount field.
The 19 field: from the 376th byte of skew, positive change amount field 1176 takies 8 bytes, is used for representing that size adjusts the forward of operation and carry out degree, and is corresponding with aforementioned inverse change amount field, records according to the byte number of positive change.
The second cross section: from the 384th byte of skew, adjust preceding size field 1180 and take 8 bytes, be used to illustrate the size (is unit with kilobyte) that the execution size is adjusted the preceding subregion of operation.It should be noted that then described field is zero if corresponding subregion increases newly;
The 21 field: from the 392nd byte of skew, adjust the back size field and take 8 bytes, be used to illustrate the size (is unit with kilobyte) of carrying out size adjustment operation back respective partition.Described field can be zero, represents that this subregion just is removed by size adjustment operation.
The 22 field: from the 400th byte of skew, the 4th zero-bit filler field 1188 takies the zero-bit filler of 96 bytes.
The 23 field: from the 496th byte of skew, efficient database information field 1192 takies 16 bytes, represents that this piece is an active data library information piece.In a representational embodiment, binary numeral of these field 1192 usefulness be regarded as active data library information piece and be complementary.If this database information piece does not contain active data library information blocks of data, then can so not explain.For example, if lack described field 1192, file management system will be ignored this database information piece.In different embodiment, side-play amount, byte length and field size in the aforementioned data library information piece field can change.
Figure 12 is that permission NAS according to an embodiment of the invention utilizes one or more data storage drives to realize the operational flow diagram of the start-up routine of one or more databases.Certainly, in a representational embodiment, described one or more data storage drives can be one or more hard disk drives.As shown in figure 12, the described network storage equipment links the one or more subregions in described at least one data storage drive or be connected in series by start-up routine, and then constitutes one or more databases.The described network storage equipment reads the magnetic disk head file and the database information piece of described data storage drive, so that the described network storage equipment is realized one or more databases.In step 1204, the described network storage equipment starts, and discerns and detect its data storage drive.In the step 1208, carry out the software (with reference to the description of front) that solidifies in the described network storage equipment internal storage, described data storage drive is scanned and analyzes about accompanying drawing 2.In described start-up routine, the data storage drive of one or more increases will be found and discern by the described network storage equipment.In the step 1212, described software comes subregion in the recognition data memory driver by reading the magnetic disk head file relevant with described data storage drive.Then, in the step 1216, described software further reads the database information piece of each subregion in described one or more data storage drive.In the step 1220, delete all and be regarded as invalid database information piece.If necessary, one or more deleted database information pieces can recover by (or copy) the database information piece that utilizes its correspondence.Then in the step 1224, the described network storage equipment has judged whether that subregion loses.For example, if chunk or pane subregion detail list shows that certain subregion can't locate, the described network storage equipment will assert that described subregion loses, go to step 1228.In the step 1228, the described network storage equipment will be reminded the one or more data storage drives of user installation, may be removed before the described data storage drive.In the step 1236, the user can proofread and correct foregoing problems by inserting described one or more data storage drive that contains the subregion of having lost.In the step 1240, the one or more chunks and panes in described one or more data storage drives will sort according to chunk or pane subregion detail list then, put flow process then in order and finish.As do not have subregion and lose, go to step 1224, the one or more chunksand panes in described one or more data storage drives are sorted, to constitute one or more suitable data storehouse, flow process finishes then.
Figure 13 is that the partition size of data storage drive in the data storage device in the one embodiment of the invention is adjusted operational flowchart.Described data storage device can be the network storage equipment.In a representational embodiment, size adjustment operation also comprises to described network storage equipment increase or deletes a database.In step 1304, the user gives input of the described network storage equipment, as a request, adjusts operation thereby start size.Described user's input can produce by user interface, as described in to the description of Fig. 5.The user can import " new database title ", indicates mirror image or segmentation, and available capacity after the judgement increase new database.In the step 1308, carry out the software that solidifies in the storer in the described network storage equipment by the control of a processor (with reference to description) to Fig. 2.Described software will scan and analyze one or more magnetic disk head fileinfos that one or more data storage drives of the described network storage equipment provide.In the step 1312, described software reads the magnetic disk head file of described one or more data storage drives and analyzes.Two partition tables in the magnetic disk head file relate to the one or more subregions in described one or more data storage drive.In the step 1316, search and read the size of every pair of at least one message block in the data library information piece and adjust field.In the scanning process, described software can find and be used for one or more fields that size is adjusted the database information piece of operation.As the front to as described in the description of Figure 11, will search in the scanning sequence size adjust attribute field, inverse change amount field, positive change amount field, adjust before size field and adjust the back size field.In the step 1320, according to size field before adjusting with adjust back size field adjustment and change the size of described data storage drive subregion.Described inverse change amount field and positive change amount field are respectively applied for the reverse or positive change process that the monitoring size is adjusted operation.In the step 1324, continue switch process and reach new size until subregion.For example, when subregion through deletion, increase or adjust and reach certain when big or small, EOP (end of program).
More than be in conjunction with certain embodiment description of this invention, to one skilled in the art, various replacings of the present invention and equivalence replacement all do not broken away from protection scope of the present invention.Any concrete environment that carries out according to content disclosed by the invention and the modification of material are disengaging protection scope of the present invention.Scope of the present invention is not limited only to aforementioned disclosed specific embodiment, and all specific embodiments that fall in the dependent claims model protection domain all belong to content of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of method of utilizing one or more data storage drive fulfillment databases is characterized in that, this method comprises:
Set up one first partition table and one second partition table, described first partition table is the mirror image of described second partition table, described first and/or second partition table has been stipulated the position and the size of one or more subregions in the data storage drive, and described data storage drive is in described at least one data-carrier store of data storage device; And
Secondly, generate one first database information piece and one second database information piece, the described first database information piece is the mirror image of the described second database information piece, the described first or second database information piece is used for identification and links one or more subregions, and the described first and/or second database information piece is stored in each described subregion of described at least one data storage drive.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, this method further comprises: discern in described one or more subregion at least one or a plurality of chunk and pane, and link described one or more program block and pane to form described database.
3, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described data storage drive comprises hard disk drive.
4, a kind of method of utilizing one or more data storage drives to adjust the partitions of database size, it is characterized in that, this method comprises: at first generate one first database information piece and one second database information piece, the described first and second database information pieces are positioned at the initiating terminal of each subregion, and the first and second database information pieces are used to discern described subregion.
5, a kind of method of utilizing the data-storage system fulfillment database, described data-storage system comprises at least one data storage drive, it is characterized in that, described method comprises: for each described memory driver produces one first partition table and one second partition table, and described first partition table and the mutual mirror image of second partition table.
6, the method for fulfillment database in a kind of data storage device, described data storage device comprises one or more data storage drives, it is characterized in that, this method comprises:
Utilize described one or more data storage drive memory allocated capacity;
Utilize described one or more data storage drive that described database is carried out data sementation;
Utilize described one or more data storage drive that described database is carried out data image.
7, a kind of at least one data storage drive that utilizes increases partitioned method for database, it is characterized in that this method comprises:
At first, produce one first database information piece and one second database information piece, the described first and second database information pieces are positioned at the initiating terminal of each subregion, are used to discern described subregion;
Secondly, in the described first and second database information piece, generate first field of a storage first value;
Once more, generate second field of a storage second value, the size before the described subregion of the described second value indication increases; And
At last, generate the 3rd field of a storage the 3rd value, the size after the described subregion of described the 3rd value indication increases.
8, a kind of system that utilizes at least one data storage drive fulfillment database is characterized in that, this method comprises:
One storer;
One is solidificated in the software in the described storer;
One carries out the processor of described software, described execution can produce one first partition table and one second partition table, described first partition table is the mirror image of described second partition table, and described first and/or second partition table provides the position and the size information of at least one subregion of described at least one data-carrier store.
9, system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described execution can generate one first database information piece and one second database information piece, the described first and second database information pieces are positioned at the initiating terminal of each subregion, are used to discern at least one subregion of described at least one data storage drive.
10, system as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described at least one data storage drive is a hard disk drive.
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| US56284704P | 2004-04-15 | 2004-04-15 | |
| US60/562,847 | 2004-04-15 | ||
| US60/648,634 | 2005-01-31 | ||
| US11/087,136 | 2005-03-22 |
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| CN100476812C CN100476812C (en) | 2009-04-08 |
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