CN1721716A - Structural approach of a transmission stable hydraulic support - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to a materials with changing sizes and shapes and locations, wherein the more than one parts are fixed on liquid air hole with different number and sizes; the different materials are split able or compound to absorb the block liquid to contain micro gas transmission liquid pressure to anti-friction buffer elastic sealing part to use the gap sealing to sustain liquid pressure supportive method.

Description

A kind of structural approach of novel transmission stable hydraulic support

Technical field

A kind of novel transmission stable hydraulic support structural approach is exactly that a kind of low side with bearing of utilizing the different performance characteristics of prior art, material to form requires and can guarantee the high-precision bearing structure, production and processing is easy, easy, almost be applicable to the machine dependent all trades and professions of national economy, the structural approach that the relevant device product can unidirectional carrying transmission again can multidirectional composite bearing transmission requires.Be transformed into the material of anti-different medium material requirements in different medium, the inside and outside shape of bearing also can respective change, and size can dwindle or increase or increase other functional devices, is a kind of along with the environmental conditions designing requirement changes and adapts to the structural approach that changes.

Background technique

Bearing now mainly is divided into sliding bearing, mobile bearing, plastic bearing, composite bearing, oil-containing (solid-liquid) bearing etc.

Quickening along with industrialization of the country speed, all kinds of machinery equipment running speed speed ups, work under bad environmentization, mechanical transmission running variation, compoundization, as be that straight line motion carries and the circular movement carrying, it is the compound motion that radial motion is carried and circular movement carries, and speed is speed up again, and bearing operation is frequent, at a high speed and require bearing high life, precision height.Sometimes require oil-free lubrication again, the restriction of these factors just requires bearing to have well anti-engagement, anti-cavitation erosion, self-radiating good, utilizes surrounding medium to be the heat radiation lubricating agent, dead car antifatigue under the operating conditions, and the life-span is long etc.Therefore people have developed various new materials, technological method increases the performance requirement of material or increases these requirements of assurance such as heat conduction, lubricating fitting, but have increased great amount of cost and human and material resources unavoidably.

Summary of the invention

Because the mode of transmission carrying is a lot, see Fig. 1, Fig. 2 I just under generic linear motion and the circular movement associated movement situation and as embodiment structural approach to be described, inhale with 1 bearing housing, 2,3 and to put barrier liquid and hold anti-wear-resistant support antidetonation elastic packing (body) circle of small items gas transfer fluid pressure, abbreviate seal ring as herein, 4 place the liquid ventilation hole, and the structure function of motion each several part is set forth.Set 20 ℃, No. 20 mechanical lubrication oil lubrications of operating temperature normal temperature, axle, bearing housing size, material, roughly technology is: the turning of 45# steel is modified, garden end face inside and outside the turning, and car pin, jack inside groove are beaten and are placed the liquid vent hole, the inside and outside circle face grinding.Internal diameter is φ 20H7 ₀ ^0.021, inhale and to put barrier liquid to hold the circumference upper-lower seal ring recess of the wear-resistant support elastic antidetonation of small items gas transfer fluid pressure seal ring wide by 5 ± 0.1, dark 5 _-0.1°, 4 ^*Axial seal ring recess size is wide by 5 ± 0.1, dark 5 _-0.1°, 120 ° of uniform back chippings, material selection FJ (313-81) 1-fine, soft fur T112-65 felt, closure size is 5 * 5.Cutting out section behind the deep fat digestion packs into separately in the groove.

This bearing is by outside interior external diameter quality of fit GB (801-79) design, owing to must guarantee that bearing has certain lubricated leakage rate in straight line motion, therefore select clearance seal for use, concrete flow will be according to working speed and oil viscosity, the oil film pressure combination, KlupreL, A.beruhrumgslose oelfilm-wellendichtungxurwasserstoffgek u hlteSxtromerzeuger, D, P, P, (patent) No.1.012.999, Germany, Augustl, 1957.Calculate not within each modular construction effect of the present invention.Therefore, continue to talk the modular construction effect.

Between bearing and axle, has Spielpassung preferably: φ 20H7/g6 owing to adopting, suction is put barrier liquid and is held on the wear-resistant support elastic antidetonation of the small items transmit fluid pressure seal ring basis guaranteeing the certain interval ligand or increase its functional size and can dwindle or increase seal ring and adopt low leakage clearance seal, if axle does not change, bearing housing (bearing) is done axial motion.

Straight line (axially) motion

Promptly remain static with the wool seal ring that the axle surface contacts with the bearing housing internal diameter again.

A. more than the shaft centre line: because wool is a superfine oil pipe, when axle is not done macroscopic motion, coming from from all directions, hydraulic coupling comprises that the weight of bearing bearing object is delivered to the other end of wool oil pipe by wool oil pipe one end, and the pressure of the common radial journal bearing weight of the fluid drag direction that self exists in the fine wool oil pipe, formed wool oil pipe is from the surface liquid tension force of the end face of an end.

B. below the shaft centre line: because the lower end is subjected to bearing direction gravity, gravity of fluid own and the pressure that comes by the fluid transmission are at the end formation liquid film tension force of wool oil pipe, by the effect of wool oil pipe, always, keep the balance of system pressure with an end that passes to little pressure of big pressure.

C. because the oil film that supports as the bearing master is always had the seal ring encirclement of inhaling the function of draining the oil, seal ring plays the effect of oil deflector again and stops fluid to run off, make ring of encirclement internal pressure greater than the outer pressure of the ring of encirclement, outer end, clearance seal place always is subjected to preventing the abducent capillary effect of oil film simultaneously.Because the effect of the non-directional generation back shaft gravity that hydraulic power transmits, prevent to be put the molten wear-resistant support antidetonation of the small items gas transfer liquid elastic seal ring of receiving of barrier liquid by suction again and surround under the effect resistance that fluid runs off at two like this.Main support oil film has played the effect of supporting bearing capacity because liquid transfering pressure is non-directional.

Under active force effect aspect the ABC three, the transmission of seal ring unitary fluid pressure, make bearing when static, be in the support of liquid oil film all the time, be subjected to the moment of the active force of axial motion to the right when bearing, the oil film at clearance seal place is liked the acceleration that moves right to seal ring between the seal ring outside and the bearing housing end face, owing to be subjected to the resistance of primary liquid oil film, transient acceleration produces the supporting effect power of jack-up bearing gravity, and produces the moment of the relative bearing the other end simultaneously.Make axle and bearing housing right-hand member produce the wedge gap.

The active force to the right that bearing need only be very little so just can make bearing move along the fluid that constantly enters sealing part wedge gap, bearing play to advance, but because the corresponding bearing the other end of momentary action power produces moment, produce the active force of pressing to axle at the bearing the other end, be the engagement phenomenon between anti-metal and the metal, apply macromolecule layer at bearing surface and just can stop the direct contact of metal at this as (phenolic resin).

When bearing moves forward, because the sealing of the bearing gap between two ends of this design bearing, by seal ring wool oil pipe, oil suction from the bearing front end axle is drained the oil in the bearing rear end when bearing advances.Drain the oil by the wool oil pipe on the seal ring and to drain the oil on axle by the throttling of clearance seal place again, guarantee bearing oil suction in return movement.And the wool oil pipe all has oil to pass in and out or have liquid to open under the long situation with axle and contacting of sleeve diameter to carry out at two ends.Therefore not only wear metal can also the lubricating contact metal surface for seal ring.

When bearing continues motion, when stopping suddenly, because bearing reduces to 0 suddenly by speed V, produce a reverse acceleration again, make the succession front end produce a power of pressing to axle at the effect Lower shaft sleeve front end of inertial force, the bearing rear end produces a running torque again with respect to the bearing front end, and the bearing rear end has also produced bigger gap, a relative crude oil liquid gap, lubricant oil is wedged the bearing play during for the bearing reversing motion, moves on oil film with very little power and has prepared precondition.

Proper motion: because the effect of wool seal ring transmit fluid pressure, make when being subjected to departing from former bearing bearing capacity center or other direction power and impacting, always making external force is that the gear unit at center is in the metastable easy motion with respect to the wool seal ring.

For rotatablely moving, because absolute axle is concentric with bearing bore diameter to be impossible, the inherent elasticity of seal ring wool, for at seal ring wool on the bearing under designing requirement, rotate at axle and to stop normal rotation and follow a surface all the time and created condition, and because the wool oil pipe connects by the seal ring integrity and the wool oil pipe is inhaled the pressure of draining the oil, bearing housing is in the liquid support all the time when static, reason is with straight-line state of rest.

When two adjacent axial component left surfaces of the nearest point of axle and the bearing housing internal diameter chamber clearance seal seal ring that is separation and right flank be an adjacent axial sealing ring left side with right-hand with by a surperficial circumferencial direction oil film interfacial seal chamber forming of each side of garden week sealing up and down, adjacent shaft has the moment that rotatablely moves to Stamping Steel Ribbon on two at axle, the left side of the preceding transverse sealing bar of the direction that rotatablely moves will produce the power that stops that the die cavity inner fluid advances forward in company with the direction that rotatablely moves, and with this power by around the wool oil pipe and sap cavity in oneself pass to axle and bearing bore diameter die cavity and produce the hydraulic coupling of the spring bearing that makes progress, as seal ring integral body, always by the suction of wool oil pipe fluid put effect with fluid pressure by high voltage terminal to the transmission of low-pressure end.

Since the off-centre that die cavity causes along the center of gravity direction when static in axle and the bearing housing, axle surface and a bearing bore diameter mold cavity surface maximum spacing of existence and a minimum separable.In this article the minimum place of spacing this moment pressure biggest place just, and the spacing biggest place minimum place of pressure just.Form an effect that upwards holds up the gravity that the bearing transmission comes this moment of making a concerted effort of liquid supporting in 4 liquid die cavities, and axle is moved to the direction that approaches 0 with bearing off-centre.And will drain the oil in the right side of seal ring between centers part, and enter between an outer surface and the bearing bore diameter surface along wedge cavities between axle and bearing (cover) internal diameter, the transmit fluid pressure effect because the suction of wool oil pipe integral body is drained the oil, make axle in rotation, accelerate to level off to 0 with the off-centre of bearing housing, and realize that axle and bearing bore diameter are whole lubricated, the thermal equilibrium heat radiation, the running balance.Because draining the oil, the suction of wool oil pipe presses the liquid elastic force that transmits oil pressure and generation, not only formed the relative equilibrium of each oil film pressure in the bearing but also the unexpected adding of other external force of vibration of external force all played and slowed down, the effect of weakening is for there being very big elastic liquid space wool seal ring not only can hold various bubbles and small items particle, and because the two ends of wool oil pipe are to contact with the metal shaft bearing by fluid, therefore, it is not only by the scuffing of metal hard spot and metal roughness, and as a moving cell integral body, the unsteady liquid that the wool seal ring causes supports the mutual wearing and tearing of the metal gap fitting surface that more can make and the scuffing of other foreign material reduces the wear-resistant effect that reaches, can be according to the structural approach manufacturing for the different kind of drive bearing of other class: as thrust-bearing, the track transmission of band conical surface axle sleeve bearing different shape, piston drive, the oil cylinder transmission, the cylinder transmission, the platform transmission, avoided original sliding bearing, the rolling bearing design relies on Sump lubrication, show and adsorbed oil in axle outer surface and the bearing, transmit heat with lubricated, the phenomenon that needs long-time hot car just can carry out work, and at work, oil film is subjected to extraneous external force effect suddenly, the oil film fluctuation is big, reaches the liquid oil film of a balance.System needs a time, and vibration and surface roughness are caused bubble, cavitation, the high point of the protruding rugosity of metal package with enter the particle of axle, the air shortcomings such as easy damage of overcoming a difficulty with the bearing die cavity.

Design part material and environmental concerns main points:

One: place oil-gas hole:

1. refuel vent at normal temperature and pressure, can adopt the intermittent oiling mode to solve when rotating speed is not high.Can be according to requiring to shift one's position the big smallest number of transform size, shape.

2. can adopt the wool felt class to inhale in the material of draining the oil when temperature drift or rotating speed are higher and connect seal ring, the way of external heat radiation fuel tank solves.

3. when run up into or oil warm when higher, adopt high temperature resistant quasi-grease or oil circulating pump to inhale the heat radiation of draining the oil.

Optional 45# steel when two, 1. common intensity requirement of axle bearing material, normal temperature medium are oil, 40Cr quenching with Subsequent tempering processing.2. when the requirement of strength height, when the high or anti-different medium of temperature requirement is corroded, need select respective material for use.For example common intensity requires but requires to also have heat resistance at water vapour below 200 ℃, just selects Cr13MO for use, 750 ℃ of fast cold working.

Three, inhale and to put barrier liquid and receive the wear-resistant support antidetonation of small items gas transfer fluid pressure elastic seal ring.

By being that wool felt itself and the liquid that possesses are inhaled and put, oil resistant buck etc., good corrosion resistance, heat-resisting quantity reaches 300 ℃ well, good springiness, and wool felt itself possesses vibration reduction and cushioning pressure, receive not available characteristics such as gaseous impurity grain particle price general material such as easy grade, so this paper preferentially selects the wool felt manufacturing for use under general occasion, but special occasions is selected for use to have to inhale and is let slip the material of filtering material performance.As the polymeric compound lamination coating, pig hair, ox hair, dog felt etc.

Five, this method cathetus motion is by both allowing a spot of leakage of oil, can reach certain sealability structural feature design again.When not allowing the outside leakage of oil of straight line motion (when stipulating the leakage of oil allowed band, can strengthen the bearing housing size sealing setting that adapts to varying environment is installed, press in the bearing when big: beat one or more apertures in the seal ring outside, and seal arrangement with interior clearance seal place beat one or more apertures with both communicate can).Refueling vent hole also can similar encapsulation process.

So this novel transmission supporting structure method, under the situation that does not contain the gas lubricant medium, can be to varying environment (temperature, pressure etc.) with the lubricated heat radiation of medium (promptly with the surrounding medium under the operating conditions as lubriation material), the required precision of different operating condition realizes transmission down, be easy to realize standardized production in enormous quantities, also more in being easy to amateur gear mechanism producer manufacturing and repairing under the nonstandard situation to transmission device.Promptly be applicable to circular shaft and round sleeve internal diameter shape that this method is indicated, also be applicable to shapes such as square, Hexagon, semi-circular, swallow-tail form, more can change the outer face shaping of bearing housing and realize use the different purposes of different occasions.The axle with the identical or different Spielpassung of sleeve diameter shape under transmission device, be applicable to high-precision transmission device, also be applicable to occasion (as dust, high pressure, the electric welding etc.) mechanical transmission of work under bad environment, more can realize simple machine, required precision is the practicability of high equipment not, the precise treatment precision, and cost reduces greatly.With this bearing is example.Bearing as adopt the normalizing of weldless tube 20# steel, turning, finish ream, slot, the steel ball essence is dashed, and re-uses that a kind of metal surface is handled and the new method that prolongs metal working life is handled the assembling of bearing integral coating.Small lot batch manufacture just can realize selling Jie's (5～6 yuan) gross profit about 2 yuan, be inexpensive in market, and the life-span is higher than the rolling bearing of comparable size price again.Therefore it is again a kind of at the variable occasion of material and the structural approach of the material of different purposes.

Be Fig. 1: be the structure of the novel transmission stable hydraulic support in giving an example

Fig. 2: the gap that indicates Fig. 1

Fig. 3: for absorbing the wear-resistant support antidetonation of exclusion liquid containing small items gas transfer fluid pressure elastic sealed body structural drawing

Fig. 4: be the middle (center) bearing actual motion situation diagram of giving an example

Claims (2)

1. the material of the use form-varied of a pair of Spielpassung or size or variable occasion or different purposes, install or two component processing difformity varying numbers on one or several parts, the adding liquid ventilation hole of different size, different materials is detachable or can compound suction put barrier liquid and hold a kind of novel transmission stable hydraulic support method that small items gas transfer fluid pressure wear-resistant supporting damping elastomer seal (circle) utilizes the clearance seal invention, be applicable to different occasions, the method that different purposes are used.

2. according to claim 1: transmission part a pair of or a Spielpassung is applicable to a kind of transmission direction or multiple transmission direction, liquid mediums, a kind of novel transmission supporting stable hydraulic structural approach that the temperature, pressure of different operating environment, different dust impurity small items are invaded.Placing barrier liquid holds small items gas transfer fluid pressure can to make the material that supports the antidetonation elastic sealed body is wool or the rabbit hair or ox hair or pig hair or horsehair or dog hair and have the chemical fibre material of inhaling the tapping body, removablely be divided into seal ring on figure (3) circumference, the circumference lower seal, 4 to 1 wear-resistant axial sealing rings or be assembled into seal ring on one or more circumference, one or more circumference lower seal, compound use during one or more axial sealing ring different gap transmissions cooperate, also be applicable to circular shaft and round sleeve internal diameter shape that this method is indicated, shapes such as square or Hexagon or semi-circular or swallow-tail form, the face shaping that more can change the bearing housing external diameter is square, rectangle or trapezoidal or hexagon or swallow-tail form or combined shaped or fan-shaped or realize to the acidproof or alkaline-resisting liquid of different occasions or the high temperature resistant water-fast high pressure resistant or anti-refrigeration agent of grease resistance or high pressure resistant or weatherability or anti-normal temperature or anti-normal pressure or anti-freezing or wear-resistant, the different purposes of vibration resistance, no liquid profit environment food machinery or dust-proof machine or anti-gas aging or anti-vacuum or anti-electricity or anti-high-speed or anti-light wave or antimagnetic occasion, the equipment that uses this structural approach to make, product.

Utilization can change 1 of quantity or several, the shape form is square or trapezoidal, size adds the liquid ventilation hole, clearance seal and detachable, splice compound proper motion suction and put the starting proper motion stop liquid yielding support that barrier liquid holds the formation of small items gas transfer fluid pressure support antivibration elastic seal ring, stop the sealing that hydraulic pressure outwards transmits, with surrounding medium or the lubricated transmission fluid pressing system of design medium.

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