CN1710439A - Apparatus for testing reactance parameter of permanent magnet motor based on voltage integration - Google Patents

Abstract

The device includes digital fluxmeter, non-inductive resistance, rectification bridge, slid wire rheostat, air switch and current meter. Four pieces of non-inductive resistance with identical value of resistance constitute a resistor network as measuring range. Magnitude of measuring range is equal to value of non-inductive resistance. When value of resistance of stator of motor to be measured is not more than 2.74 ohm, using measuring ranges (0.1 ohm, 0.5 ohm, 2 ohm) formed from three pieces of resistor network carries out measurement. Resistances in each range are realized through combination in different modes by using air switches (S4, S3, S2, S1 match). Advantages: simple operation, high measuring precision, large measuring range and high adaptability.

Description

Device based on the voltage integration testing reactance parameter of permanent magnet motor

Technical field

The invention belongs to the proving installation of motor impedance parameter, particularly a kind of device based on voltage integration testing of electric motors reactance parameter.

Background technology

Be used at present to measure that rare-earth permanent-magnet electric machine is handed over, the test of d-axis reactance parameter mainly contains direct load method, direct current attenuation method and various discrimination method, but all exist a lot of deficiencies, have the difficulty of more trouble of test volume and the examination of merit angular measurement as direct load method; Direct current attenuation method then needs to use computer sampling and System Discrimination technology, and process is also complicated.Simultaneously, said method only is confined to utilize on the basis that the limited components and parts in laboratory build, and does not relate to repeatability and precision, and the testing tool that is specifically applied on the actual engineering does not appear in the newspapers.

Summary of the invention

At the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is based on the magneto reactance test philosophy of voltage integration, provide a kind of simple to operate, measuring accuracy is high, measurement range is big, adaptable reactance parameter of permanent magnet motor proving installation.

Realization principle of the present invention is as follows:

1, voltage integration ultimate principle: to the measurement of permagnetic synchronous motor reactance parameter, just to the measurement of inductance.When the electric current that flows through in the inductance was I, the magnetic linkage of generation was Ψ, and then inductance is:

$L=\frac{\mathrm{\ψ}}{I}...\left(1\right)$

In order to measure the magnetic linkage in the inductance, inductance can be passed through the resistance R short circuit, and to resistance both end voltage integration, then the magnetic linkage in the inductance is:

$\mathrm{\ψ}={\∫}_0^{\∞}\mathrm{udt}={\∫}_0^{\∞}\mathrm{Ridt}...\left(2\right)$

So

$L=\left({\∫}_0^{\∞}\mathrm{udt}\right)/I_0...\left(3\right)$

Here I ₀Be the electric current initial value, u is an ohmically magnitude of voltage in the loop.The measurement of inductance just is converted into the integration to voltage like this.The circuit theory of voltage integration as shown in Figure 1.

Before the measurement, switch S is closed, regulate R ₂, R ₂And R ₄Make bridge balance, the integrator reading is zero, at this moment satisfies:

$\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="R\; R"\; filenames="A20051004654400103.png,A20051004654400131.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}}{R_{}}=\frac{R_3}{R_4}---\left(4\right)$

R is the resistance of inductance self.With switch opens, electric bridge constitutes a direct current surge damping circuit then, and the direct current evanescent voltage with voltage integrating meter device integration two ends obtains reading Ψ, and Ψ satisfies following relation:

${\&Integral;}_0^{\&infin;}i(R+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="R"\; filenames="A20051004654400103.png,A20051004654400131.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}}_2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="R"\; filenames="A20051004654400103.png,A20051004654400131.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}}_3+R_4)\mathrm{dt}=L{I}_0...\left(5\right)$

So

$L=\frac{(R+R_2+R_3+R_4)\mathrm{\&Psi;}}{(R_2+R_4)I_0}...\left(6\right)$

2, friendship, direct-axis synchronous reactance X _q, X _dMeasuring principle: measure that permagnetic synchronous motor is handed over, during the d-axis parameter, the connection method of its armature winding such as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3.Under the dq0 coordinate system, derive through theory:

$X=\frac{{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_1\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="A20051004654400103.png,A20051004654400131.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}{2}...\left(7\right)$

ω in the formula ₁---the electric angle frequency the during actual motion of permagnetic synchronous motor; When measuring d-axis reactance, X is the d-axis reactance value, and when measuring quadrature axis reactance, X is the quadrature axis reactance value.

Apparatus of the present invention comprise digital fluxmeter, noninductive resistance, rectifier bridge, slip variable rheostat, air switch, reometer.Noninductive resistance is formed network, the noninductive resistance of wherein per four equal resistances is formed a resistor network and is used as measurement shelves, and the size of measuring shelves is identical with the noninductive resistance resistance, and for example, the resistor network of four 0.1 Ω noninductive resistance compositions is measured shelves as 0.1 Ω.When being no more than 2.74 Ω by the stator resistance resistance of measured motor, the measurement shelves (i.e. 0.1 Ω shelves, 0.5 Ω shelves, 2 Ω shelves) that utilize three resistor networks to form are measured, and the different modes of the resistance in every grade by air switch makes up (being that S4, S3, S2, S1 mate) and realize.

In 0.1 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network, air switch S ₁One end and R ₁One end, R ₂One end is connected, the other end and 0.1 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network input end, R ₄One end, S ₂One end links to each other, S ₂The other end and R ₃One end, out2 links to each other, S ₃One end and R ₄The other end, S ₄One end links to each other, S ₃The other end and R ₂The other end links to each other, S ₄The other end and R ₃The other end, R ₁The other end, out1 link to each other.

In 0.5 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network, S ₅One end and R ₅One end, R ₆One end links to each other, S ₅The other end and S ₆One end, R ₈One end, 0.5 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network input end are connected S ₆The other end and out4, R ₇One end links to each other, S ₇One end and R ₈The other end links to each other, S ₇The other end and R ₅The other end, R ₇The other end, out3 link to each other R ₆The other end links to each other with out5.

In 2 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network, air switch S ₈One end and 2 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network input ends, R ₁₂One end, S ₉One end is connected, S ₈The other end and R ₁₀One end, R ₉One end links to each other, S ₉The other end and output out7, R ₁₁One end is connected, S ₁₀One end and R ₁₂The other end, S ₁₁One end links to each other, S ₁₀The other end and R ₁₀The other end connects, S ₁₁The other end and R ₉The other end, R ₁₁The other end, output out6 link to each other.

During measurement, can select different output (out1 or out2), regulate the balance of electric bridge in the slip variable rheostat implement device again, calculate inductance value according to formula (6) then.When the stator resistance resistance surpassed 2.74 Ω, the balance of electric bridge was then directly used 30 Ω slip variable rheostats and 1 Ω vernier rheostat instead in the implement device.Simultaneously, convenient in order to calculate with adjustment, make R ₃And R ₄Have identical temperature coefficient and resistance.Because different motor stator resistance differences, so adopt a plurality of resistor network steppings to measure, each resistor network is measured one grade, and the switching between each grade realizes by Gear-shift switch.In test process, an existing decision d-axis (when surveying the d-axis parameter) or friendship axle (during test cross axle parameter) saturated Constant Direct Current electric current I1, friendship axle (when surveying the d-axis parameter) or d-axis (during test cross axle parameter) Constant Direct Current electric current I2 that one consideration cross saturation is arranged again, these DC current can regulated at will, therefore, it can record the motor rule that parameter changes under any working condition (friendship, direct-axis current arbitrarily), and is as Figure 12, shown in Figure 13.

Compare advantage such as that the present invention has is simple to operate, measuring accuracy is high, test specification is big, and adaptability is strong with original reactance parameter of permanent magnet motor method of testing.Simultaneously, consider saturated and cross saturation factor, with motor and in good shape the combining of actual motion.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is voltage integration reactance parameter of permanent magnet motor test philosophy figure;

Fig. 2 is an armature connection layout of judging when measuring the quadrature axis reactance parameter that the synthetic mmf axis direction of armature overlaps with the rotor d-axis;

Fig. 3 is an armature connection layout of judging when measuring the d-axis reactance parameter that the synthetic mmf axis direction of armature overlaps with the rotor d-axis;

Fig. 4 is the front view of apparatus of the present invention structure;

Fig. 5 is the right view of apparatus of the present invention structure;

Fig. 6 is the left view of apparatus of the present invention structure;

Fig. 7 is the resistor network wiring diagram;

Fig. 8 is a resistor network stepping schematic diagram;

Fig. 9 is the circuit wiring diagram when measuring the d-axis reactance parameter;

Figure 10 is the circuit wiring diagram when measuring the quadrature axis reactance parameter;

Figure 11 is the process flow diagram of expression method of testing;

Figure 12 be take into account hand over shaft current to the d-axis reactance parameter influence after the d-axis reactance parameter Changing Pattern of measured certain model machine;

Figure 13 be take into account direct-axis current to the quadrature axis reactance parameter influence after the quadrature axis reactance parameter Changing Pattern of measured certain model machine;

Wherein, Table I is a power supply voltage table in straight (or friendship) axle loop, and Table II is a reometer in straight (or friendship) axle loop, and Table III is a reometer in straight (or friendship) axle coupling circuit, Table IV is for handing over reometer in (or straight) axle surge damping circuit, and Table V is a digital voltmeter in straight (or friendship) axle surge damping circuit.

Embodiment

The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Apparatus of the present invention comprise fluxmeter, integrator, noninductive resistance, rectifier bridge, slip variable rheostat, air switch, reometer.

Apparatus of the present invention adopt case structure, as Fig. 4～shown in Figure 6.Resistor network stepping schematic diagram as shown in Figure 8.Wherein finely tuning the rheochord resistance is 1 Ω, and electric current is 20A, and slip variable rheostat resistance is 30 Ω, and electric current is 10A

During test, according to selected Non-Inductance Resistors Network test shelves and air switch by the stator resistance value of measured motor, and the Non-Inductance Resistors Network input end linked to each other with slip variable rheostat one end, simultaneously the Non-Inductance Resistors Network output terminal of the slip variable rheostat other end with selected test shelves is connected.Wherein in 0.1 Ω, 0.5 Ω, the 2 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network, by to air switch S ₁～S ₁₁Logical combination can obtain different output resistances, see table 1 for details.

Table 1

Sequence number	The stator resistance scope	??R 2Value	Slip variable rheostat working range	??S 4		??S 3		??S 2		??S 1	The test shelves		Output outx
														??1	??0.02≤R 1≤0.024	??0.025	??0.1≤R 2′≤0.6	??1		??1		??1		??1	??0.1Ω		??1
??2	??0.025≤R 1≤0.032	??0.033	??0.1≤R 2′≤1.056	??1		??0		??1		??1	??0.1Ω		??1
														??3	??0.033≤R 1≤0.04	??0.05	??0.097≤R 2′≤0.2	??0		??0		??1		??1	??0.1Ω		??1
??4	??0.05≤R 1≤0.074	??0.075	??0.15≤R 2′≤5.55	??0		??1		??1		??0	??0.1Ω		??1
														??5	??0.075≤R 1≤0.14	??0.15	??0.15≤R 2′≤2.10	??1		??0		??0		??1	??0.1Ω		??2
??6	??0.15≤R 1≤0.19	??0.20	??0.60≤R 2′≤3.80	??0		??0		??0		??1	??0.1Ω		??2
														??7	??0.20≤R 1≤0.29	??0.30	??0.60≤R 2′≤8.70	??0		??1		??0		??0	??0.1Ω		??1
??8	??0.30≤R 1≤0.39	??0.40	??1.20≤R 2′≤15.60	??0		??1		??0		??0	??0.1Ω		??2
														Sequence number	The stator resistance scope	??R 2Value	Slip variable rheostat working range	?????S 7			???S 6		????S 5		The test shelves		Output outx
??9	??0.40≤R 1≤0.49	??0.50	??2.00≤R 2′≤24.5	?????0			???0		????1		??0.5Ω		??3
														??10	??0.50≤R 1≤0.73	??0.75	??1.50≤R 2′≤30	?????1			???0		????1		??0.5Ω		??4
??11	??0.75≤R 1≤1.20	??1.25	??1.875≤R 2′≤30	?????1			???1		????0		??0.5Ω		??5
														Sequence number	The stator resistance scope	??R 2Value	Slip variable rheostat working range	??S 11		??S 10		??S 9		??S 8	The test shelves		Output outx
??12	??1.25≤R 1≤1.43	??1.50	??7.5≤R 2′≤30	??0		??1		??1		??0	??2Ω		??6
														??13	??1.50≤R 1≤2.73	??3.00	??3.00≤R 2′≤30	??1		??0		??0		??1	??2Ω		??7
??14	??2.74≤R 1≤30	??0	??2.74≤R 2′≤30	Use the slip variable rheostat
														Sequence number	The stator resistance scope	??R 2Value	Slip variable rheostat working range	??S 4	??S 3		??S 2	??S 1		The test shelves		Output outx
??1	??0.02≤R 1≤0.024	??0.025	??0.1≤R 2′≤0.6	??1	??1		??1	??1		??0.1Ω		??1
														??2	??0.025≤R 1≤0.032	??0.033	??0.1≤R 2′≤1.056	??1	??0		??1	??1		??0.1Ω		??1
??3	??0.033≤R 1≤0.04	??0.05	??0.097≤R 2′≤0.2	??0	??0		??1	??1		??0.1Ω		??1
														??4	??0.05≤R 1≤0.074	??0.075	??0.15≤R 2′≤5.55	??0	??1		??1	??0		??0.1Ω		??1
??5	??0.075≤R 1≤0.14	??0.15	??0.15≤R 2′≤2.10	??1	??0		??0	??1		??0.1Ω		??2
														??6	??0.15≤R 1≤0.19	??0.20	??0.60≤R 2′≤3.80	??0	??0		??0	??1		??0.1Ω		??2
??7	??0.20≤R 1≤0.29	??0.30	??0.60≤R 2′≤8.70	??0	??1		??0	??0		??0.1Ω		??1

??8	??0.30≤R 1≤0.39	??0.40	??1.20≤R 2′≤15.60	??0	??1	??0	??0	??0.1Ω	??2
										??9	??0.40≤R 1≤0.49	??0.50	??2.00≤R 2′≤24.5	??0	??0	??0	??1	??0.1Ω	??1
??10	??0.50≤R 1≤0.73	??0.75	??1.50≤R 2′≤30	??1	??0	??0	??1	??0.5Ω	??2
										??11	??0.75≤R 1≤1.20	??1.25	??1.875≤R 2′≤30	??1	??0	??1	??0	??0.5Ω	??3
??12	??1.25≤R 1≤2.73	??1.50	??7.5≤R 2′≤30	??0	??1	??1	??0	??2Ω	??1
										??13	??1.50≤R 1≤2.73	??3.00	??3.00≤R 2′≤30	??1	??0	??0	??1	??2Ω	??2
??14	??2.74≤R 1≤30	??0	??2.74≤R 2′≤30	Use the slip variable rheostat

Annotate: if x=1, then outx is expressed as out1, and the like.

For example the motor stator direct current resistance is 0.18 Ω, should at first in the gear selecting binding post, choose 0.1 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network, then the Non-Inductance Resistors Network input terminal is connected with slip variable rheostat one end, simultaneously 0.1 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network lead-out terminal out2 is connected (the tested motor stator winding of slip variable rheostat one termination with the slip variable rheostat other end, another termination power cathode), at last with this grade air switch (S ₄S ₃S ₂S ₁) getting to 0001, S promptly closes ₄

For example the motor stator direct current resistance is 0.29 Ω, should at first in the gear selecting binding post, choose 0.1 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network, then the Non-Inductance Resistors Network input terminal is connected with slip variable rheostat one end, simultaneously 0.1 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network lead-out terminal out1 is connected (the tested motor stator winding of slip variable rheostat one termination with the slip variable rheostat other end, another termination power cathode), at last with this grade air switch (S ₄S ₃S ₂S ₁) getting to 0100, S promptly closes ₃

For example the motor stator direct current resistance is 0.45 Ω, should at first in the gear selecting binding post, choose 0.5 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network, then the Non-Inductance Resistors Network input terminal is connected with slip variable rheostat one end, simultaneously 0.5 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network lead-out terminal out3 is connected (the tested motor stator winding of slip variable rheostat one termination with the slip variable rheostat other end, another termination power cathode), at last with this grade air switch (S ₇S ₆S ₅) getting to 001, S promptly closes ₅

For example the motor stator direct current resistance is 0.62 Ω, should at first in the gear selecting binding post, choose 0.5 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network, then the Non-Inductance Resistors Network input terminal is connected with slip variable rheostat one end, simultaneously 0.5 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network lead-out terminal out4 is connected (the tested motor stator winding of slip variable rheostat one termination with the slip variable rheostat other end, another termination power cathode), at last with this grade air switch (S ₇S ₆S ₅) getting to 101, S promptly closes ₇, S ₅

For example the motor stator direct current resistance is 1.12 Ω, should at first in the gear selecting binding post, choose 0.5 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network, then the Non-Inductance Resistors Network input terminal is connected with slip variable rheostat one end, simultaneously 0.5 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network lead-out terminal out5 is connected (the tested motor stator winding of slip variable rheostat one termination with the slip variable rheostat other end, another termination power cathode), at last with this grade air switch (S ₇S ₆S ₅) getting to 110, S promptly closes ₇, S ₆

For example the motor stator direct current resistance is 1.32 Ω, should at first in the gear selecting binding post, choose 2 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network, then the Non-Inductance Resistors Network input terminal is connected with slip variable rheostat one end, simultaneously 2 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network lead-out terminal out6 are connected (the tested motor stator winding of slip variable rheostat one termination with the slip variable rheostat other end, another termination power cathode), at last with this grade air switch (S ₁₁S ₁₀S ₉S ₈) getting to 0110, S promptly closes ₁₀, S ₉

For example the motor stator direct current resistance is 2.13 Ω, should at first in the gear selecting binding post, choose 2 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network, then the Non-Inductance Resistors Network input terminal is connected with slip variable rheostat one end, simultaneously 2 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network lead-out terminal out7 are connected (the tested motor stator winding of slip variable rheostat one termination with the slip variable rheostat other end, another termination power cathode), at last with this grade air switch (S ₁₁S ₁₀S ₉S ₈) getting to 1001, S promptly closes ₁₁, S ₈

When testing reactance parameter of permanent magnet motor, at first be the judgement 01 that rotor d-axis or friendship axle and the synthetic mmf axis direction of armature overlap.Specific as follows: during the test quadrature axis reactance, B, the series connection of C two-phase armature winding with tested magneto, receive galvanometric two ends respectively with the A phase winding, rotary electric machine rotor slowly, up to the galvanometer pointer till rotary rotor moment deflects hardly, at this moment can think that the synthetic mmf direction of the armature winding that inserts overlaps with the rotor d-axis, as shown in Figure 7; During the test d-axis reactance, with the B of tested magneto, C two-phase armature winding is received galvanometric two ends respectively, and the A phase winding is unsettled.At this moment rotary electric machine rotor slowly till rotary rotor moment deflects hardly, can think that the synthetic mmf direction of the armature winding that inserts overlaps with the rotor d-axis, as shown in Figure 8 up to the galvanometer pointer.

The test process process flow diagram as shown in figure 11.After determining good rotor shaft position, select after the rheostatic working range circuit to be connected according to tested motor stator resistance, as Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10, be in closure state 02 before the switch S action; Energized feeds electric current, regulates the slip variable rheostat and makes voltage table be designated as zero, observes integrator value and whether changes 03; If reach balance, then press the reset key of integrator, cut-off switch S, the reading 04 of record integrator this moment; The reactance parameter value 05 of getting it right and answering according to reader.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of device based on the voltage integration testing reactance parameter of permanent magnet motor, it is characterized in that this device comprises digital fluxmeter, noninductive resistance, slip variable rheostat, air switch, reometer, it is characterized in that noninductive resistance composition network, the numeral fluxmeter is used for the magnetic flux of metering circuit, reometer is used to measure electric current, and the resistance in every grade is by the different modes combination of air switch:

In 0.1 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network, air switch S ₁One end and R ₁One end, R ₂One end is connected, the other end and 0.1 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network input end, R ₄One end, S ₂One end links to each other, S ₂The other end and R ₃One end, out2 links to each other, S ₃One end and R ₄The other end, S ₄One end links to each other, S ₃The other end and R ₂The other end links to each other, S ₄The other end and R ₃The other end, R ₁The other end, out1 link to each other;

In 0.5 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network, S ₅One end and R ₅One end, R ₆One end links to each other, S ₅The other end and S ₆One end, R ₈One end, 0.5 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network input end are connected S ₆The other end and out4, R ₇One end links to each other, S ₇One end and R ₈The other end links to each other, S ₇The other end and R ₅The other end, R ₇The other end, out3 link to each other R ₆The other end links to each other with out5;

In 2 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network, air switch S ₈One end and 2 Ω shelves Non-Inductance Resistors Network input ends, R ₁₂One end, S ₉One end is connected, S ₈The other end and R ₁₀One end, R ₉One end links to each other, S ₉The other end and output out7, R ₁₁One end is connected, S ₁₀One end and R ₁₂The other end, S ₁₁One end links to each other, S ₁₀The other end and R ₁₀The other end connects, S ₁₁The other end and R ₉The other end, R ₁₁The other end, output out6 link to each other.

2, a kind of device as claimed in claim 1 based on the voltage integration testing reactance parameter of permanent magnet motor, it is characterized in that described resistor network is made up of as one the noninductive resistance of four equal resistances measures shelves, and it is identical with the noninductive resistance resistance to measure the size of shelves.

3, a kind of device as claimed in claim 1 based on the voltage integration testing reactance parameter of permanent magnet motor, when it is characterized in that using this proving installation testing reactance parameter of permanent magnet motor, at first be the judgement that rotor d-axis or friendship axle and the synthetic mmf axis direction of armature overlap; After determining good rotor shaft position, select after the rheostatic working range circuit to be connected according to tested motor stator resistance, be in closure state before the switch S action; Whether energized feeds electric current, regulates the slip variable rheostat and makes voltage table be designated as zero, observe integrator value and change; If reach balance, then press the reset key of integrator, cut-off switch S, the reading of record integrator this moment; The reactance parameter value of getting it right and answering according to reader.

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