CN1708325A

CN1708325A - Needle apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN1708325A
Application number: CN 200380102520
Authority: CN
Inventors: M·E·威森; D·B·布雷斯迪
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-10-07
Filing date: 2003-10-07
Publication date: 2005-12-14
Anticipated expiration: 2023-10-07
Also published as: ZA200503541B; CN100473429C; AU2002951827A0

Abstract

A needle apparatus having a thin walled sleeve (28) and a tubular needle (14) closely engaged by the sleeve (28). The needle (12) has a sharp point (14) which initially extends from the sleeve (28). The needle (12) and sleeve (28) are mounted to a hub and are longitudinally moveable relative to one another. The needle (14) is arranged to pierce tissue and the sleeve (28) enters the incision formed by the needle. The needle (12) may then be withdrawn from the tissue by applying traction to the hub. The sleeve (28) is retained in place in the tissue as a result of pressure applied radially by surrounding tissue.

Description

Needle apparatus

Summary of the invention

The present invention relates to needle apparatus.

Brief summary of the invention

According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of needle apparatus is provided, it is characterized in that one has near-end and vertical thin wall casing, one has near-end and vertical tubulose syringe needle, there is a sharp tip on the top of described syringe needle, described syringe needle and described sleeve pipe are combined closely, described syringe needle and sleeve pipe can vertically relatively move between the primary importance and the second position, described primary importance is meant the position that syringe needle stretches out from sleeve pipe, the described second position is meant the position of sharp tip in sleeve pipe, described apparatus further comprises hub, syringe needle is installed in the described hub regularly, the near-end and the hub of syringe needle are adjacent, and syringe needle stretches out from hub, and the top of syringe needle is positioned at the outside of hub, described sleeve pipe has a near-end that is arranged in hub, and this sleeve pipe is installed on the hub in the mode of hub longitudinal sliding motion relatively, and described sleeve pipe stretches out from hub, and this telescopic top is positioned at the outside of hub; Described needle apparatus has following layout, that is, when described sleeve pipe and syringe needle are positioned at relative primary importance (relative first position), described needle apparatus piercing tissue; And after tissue is pierced, the withdrawal from tissue of described syringe needle, the while, the result was that sleeve pipe is retained in the original position in the tissue owing to the pressure of the radial effect of surrounding tissue.

Description of drawings

With reference now to accompanying drawing,, the present invention will be described for the mode by embodiment, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional drawing according to first embodiment of needle apparatus of the present invention, and described needle apparatus is in standby primary importance;

Fig. 2 is the view that is similar to Fig. 1, and described needle apparatus is in the second position;

Fig. 3 is that described needle apparatus is in standby primary importance according to the longitudinal sectional drawing of second embodiment of needle apparatus of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the view that is similar to Fig. 3, and described needle apparatus is in the second position;

Fig. 5 is the view that is similar to Fig. 4, and described needle apparatus has one and the isolating catheter guidance part of other parts.

The specific embodiment

What attached Fig. 1 and 2 showed is needle apparatus 10, comprises the syringe needle 12 at the top 14 that has sharp tip.Syringe needle 12 also has a near-end 16.

Syringe needle 12 is installed in the hub 18, and described hub 18 closes on the near-end 16 of pin 12.As described below, syringe needle 12 is fixed on the hub 18 so that movement therewith.Hub 18 is made up of two parts.There is a centre bore 21 longitudinally in the first 20 of hub 18, and described centre bore 21 is admitted the part of syringe needle 12 near near-end 16.The second portion 22 of hub 18 is installed in around the syringe needle 12 by centre bore 23.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the cross section of second portion 22 U type normally.Opening of U type and first 20 engage and form a cavity 24.

In addition, described first 20 is formed with instrument 26, and this instrument 26 is used to be connected to pipe, container, blood vacuum conveying system or syringe.As shown in FIG., the first 20 of hub 18 is formed with by interior Rule (Luer) conical surface 26.

Sleeve pipe 28 be installed in pin 12 around.Will illustrate that below sleeve pipe 28 is arranged to be used for travel longitudinally with respect to hub 18 and syringe needle 12.Sleeve pipe 28 can be made by softish material such as plastic material, or is made as metal material by hard relatively material.As shown in the figure, sleeve pipe 28 has a top 30, and the top 14 of described top 30 and syringe needle 12 is close.In addition, the centre bore 23 that described sleeve pipe 28 passes hub 18 second portions 22 extends into cavity 24, ends at near-end 32.

Sleeve pipe 28 is formed with an outward extending ridge 34 in side near near-end 32 parts.The ridge 34 that shows among the embodiment is discs, but ridge 34 can be a lot of shapes.In fact, ridge 34 can be the Any shape that has radially extension or side extended surface.

Further, the top of hub 18 firsts 20 is equipped with some resilient finger pieces 36, the periphery of cavity 24 shown in extending into.Under the situation shown in Fig. 1, finger piece 36 extends around ridge 34 and has exceeded ridge 34.It is contemplated that, only can be provided with a single finger piece 36.In addition, in position shown in Fig. 1, described finger piece 36 or each finger piece 36 can engage with the adjacent side of ridge 34, to help to keep sleeve pipe 28 location.

As shown in the figure, syringe needle 12 inwardly is partial to away from first 20 in the top of finger piece 36.The outer distance of finger piece between their top is shorter than the side length of ridge 34.

Be provided with an obstructing part 38 in first 20, described obstructing part extends around syringe needle 12.Obstructing part 38 stops ridge 34 to move to near-end from syringe needle 12 tops 14.

The size of sleeve pipe 28 to make its relatively syringe needle 14 move axially, simultaneously hub 18 second portion 22 that is arranged in cavity 24 moves axially relatively.

Further, in position shown in Figure 1, sleeve pipe 28 is non-locking, except slight pressure and the frictional engagement of hub 18 in hole 23 that finger piece 36 is applied, stops its motion with respect to hub 18 without any actual means.

Sleeve pipe 28 inner surfacies are smooth, and frictional force is very low.Can by between pin 12 and sleeve pipe 28, lay one deck lubricant film for example silicone oil further reduce friction.

Sleeve pipe 28 also has an outer surface, and it preferably also is slick.Yet, carry out the precise and tiny processing of asymmetric feature by outer surface, for example by chemical attack, or by form a lot of very little ridge or otch on vertical angle of sleeve pipe 28, sleeve pipe is bigger than the resistance of motion endways in the near-end motion like this.

In the use, needle apparatus 10 is in position shown in Figure 1 at first, and wherein the top 14 of syringe needle is outstanding from sleeve pipe 28.The top 14 of needle apparatus 12 is inserted into otch of formation in the living tissue.Sleeve pipe 28 enters in the otch then.

On this site, sleeve pipe 28 bears the elastic pressure of surrounding tissue.This pressure is subjected to the prevention of telescopic compressive resistance, so the resistance of motion between sleeve pipe 28 and pin 12 does not significantly increase because of the pressure between syringe needle 12 and the sleeve pipe 28 in the tissue.

With hands hub 18 is moved away from the top 30 of sleeve pipe 28 then.Sleeve pipe 28 remains in the otch by the elastic pressure that comes self-organizing, and syringe needle is recovered to position as shown in Figure 2 with hub 18 simultaneously.When this motion took place, finger piece 36 was with respect to ridge 34 lengthwise movements, caused finger piece 36 shifted laterallys and was pressed on the ridge 34.When finger piece 36 moved to respect to ridge 34 immediate positions, they made their top and the surface engagement near end of ridge 34, as shown in Figure 2 inwardly towards syringe needle 12 motions.This has stoped the withdrawal of sleeve pipe 28 with respect to syringe needle 12.

Can find that this pin has only moved quite short distance, as 2 to 3 millimeters.But under situation shown in Figure 2, top 14 is positioned at sleeve pipe 28, and is therefore very safe.In addition, sleeve pipe 28 can be used for carrying out the liquid transfer from the living tissue of its insertion or in the living tissue of its insertion.It should be noted that syringe needle 12 all remains in the liquid fluid path in all.In case liquid shifts and finishes, and by further twitch hub 18, sleeve pipe 28 is extracted out from living tissue.Just can handle needle apparatus 10 safely then.

Accompanying drawing 3,4 and 5 has shown needle apparatus 40, described needle apparatus 40 aspect a lot of and needle apparatus 10 similar.The identical identical part of Reference numeral representative.

In the needle apparatus 40, additionally be provided with oversheath 50, it can be softish sleeve pipe or conduit form.The outer surface precision-fit of oversheath 50 and sleeve pipe 28.Oversheath 50 can be with respect to sleeve pipe 28 longitudinal sliding motions, and the resistance of this lengthwise movement is greater than the resistance of sleeve pipe 28 lengthwise movement from primary importance shown in Figure 3 to the second position shown in Figure 4 on syringe needle 12.Trocar sheath 50 is installed on the hub 54.Oversheath 50 is preferably softish plastic tube.

Sheath 50 has a top 52.Further, sheath 50 preferably be provided with a thickness towards the top 52 walls that diminish gradually.As shown in Figure 3, under the original state of needle apparatus 40, the top 52 of sheath 50 and the top 30 of sleeve pipe 28 are approaching.

Organizational stress may not can be delivered to sleeve pipe 28 by sheath 50 significantly.Sheath 50 can be assemblied on the sleeve pipe 28 securely, but operator can be easy to sleeve pipe 28 and syringe needle 12 are pulled out from sheath 50.

The shoulder that the wall thickness that diminishes gradually makes the opening of sleeve pipe 28 and sheath 50 form minimizes.This has reduced the syringe needle of above describing 12 and has entered living tissue obstacle.

Sheath 50 critically is assemblied on the outer surface of sleeve pipe 28.Precision-fit between sheath 50 and the sleeve pipe 28 and the degree of holding do not change significantly because of organizational stress.Extracting sheath 50 out needed force rate from sleeve pipe 28, that syringe needle 12 is moved the power that needs from sleeve pipe 28 to near-end is much bigger, thereby makes it can reach the second position.When drawing hub 18 when using conventional action to extract syringe needle 12 out from tissue, this situation has just taken place.In the initial motion of hub 18, syringe needle 12 and sleeve pipe 28, because and the existence of frictional force closely between the sheath 50, sleeve pipe 28 can not move; In this little trick process, sheath 28 is maintained by the frictional force that surrounding tissue acts on sheath 50 outer surfaces.Then, when needs were extracted syringe needle 12 out from sheath 50, operator applied a stronger pull strength, came to take out sheath 50 with this from blood vessel.

Therefore, the initial withdrawal of syringe needle 12 causes needle apparatus to move to the second position shown in Figure 4, and Fig. 4 middle sleeve 12 is projected into beyond the needle tip 14.

Among Fig. 4, syringe needle 12 moves to most proximal end with respect to sleeve pipe 28 and sheath 50.By the radial pressure of surrounding tissue, sheath 50 is held in position.As optional, by compressing hub 54 or for example use that adhesive tape is bundled in hub 54 on the skin, can be with respect to sheath 50 shrink sleeve 28 manually.

In position shown in Figure 4, what sheath 50 can safety enters into vein or tremulous pulse, and can not puncture the antetheca of vein or tremulous pulse.

What Fig. 5 showed is the 3rd position, and needle apparatus 10 is extracted out from sheath 50 among the figure, and sheath 50 can remain on the original position in the blood vessel simultaneously.

As shown in Figure 5, Rule (Luer) tapered portion 26 may further include and allows blood to enter the air permeable disc 13 of Rule (Luer) tapered portion 26, thereby reflects the pressure that (flash back) can confirm syringe needle in the blood vessel.Be subjected to the restriction of the orifice size of its constituent material by coiling 13 blood flow.

In the position that shows in Fig. 5, sheath 50 can adopt a lot of distinct methods to use.For example, it can form one and is used for inculcating the built-in conduit of liquid to blood vessel.Yet sheath 50 can also be used as guide (guide), is used for being directed to blood vessel such as seal wire (guide wire) and the so longer apparatus of central venous catheter.For example, the purpose in order to infuse in vein in long-time can be inserted into subclavian vein with central venous catheter.Therefore, described sheath has the shape and the function of guide sheath, can adopt any method easily to be shaped.

Preferably be provided with a hub and sheath, they can cut by the weakened part of longitudinally guiding being peeled off or passing through, or be divided into two parts by the combination of these two kinds of methods, so (long intravenous catheter) screws by after them at long venous duct, they can be taken out.

For big apparatus is directed in the blood vessel, sheath 50 has been carried out special change, Here it is, and sheath 50 can progressively attenuate, so proximal openings is bigger than top end opening.When in vein or tremulous pulse, sheath 50 can be as the port that inserts conduit, seal wire or endoscope apparatus.

Sleeve pipe 28 also can be tapered, and its external diameter can be tapered at least, and the near-end of it and sheath 50 forms a kind of very accurate cooperation like this.Like this, in the second position as shown in Figure 4, have the hub 18 of incidental syringe needle 12 and sleeve pipe 28, when from sheath shown in Fig. 5 50 and tissue, withdrawing, for operator provide a suitable openings by the big vein apparatus of sheath 50 guiding.

Make up the tubulose syringe needle that has trocar sheath according to the present invention, when such syringe needle is partly or entirely withdrawn from biological tissue, can produce the effect of automatic encapsulation syringe needle 12 sharp tip, thereby prevent by needle sting.

A key character of the present invention is that the operator that use this invention are not had unusual or special requirement.Start the work of apparatus of the present invention without any need for trigger.Yet for some purpose, when the automatic casing syringe needle when the primary importance of puncture tissue moves to the safe second position, may need to allow operator to carry out some controls.If desired, can provide these control by little change to principle, for example by be provided on one or more finger pieces 36 be shaped, the outside outward extending button by hub 18.Like this, can provide to allow to make operator can prevent movement to the means of the second position, can prevent described motion by the finger tip pressing button.When syringe needle was used for entering veins beneath the skin, described control was suitable.

A key character of the present invention is, in the process that syringe needle takes out from living tissue, syringe needle 12 moves to Fig. 2 and position shown in Figure 4, and after this it just can not puncture tissue once more.But, can reuse needle apparatus 10 by cutting off sleeve pipe 28.For the attempt that prevents that these from reusing, syringe needle 12 can comprise one or more holes or slit or be made into C cross section tubular construction, and under sleeve pipe 28 excalation situations at least, syringe needle can not provide the path of leak of liquid on the whole like this.

Modifications and variations apparent to those skilled in the art all are to be within the scope of the present invention.For example, described finger piece or each finger piece 36 can be positioned at the outside of hub 18 as ridge 34.

In addition, the near-end of sleeve pipe 28 is by making than that part of harder material that enters tissue along with syringe needle 12.The end of the near-end that this is harder can reach the outside of hub 18.

A kind of method of doing like this is to form an extension forward at the edge, and encloses telescopic soft on described extension.Extension forward can be made by the material harder than sleeve pipe.Edge and the length that the free travel of extension should be enough forward so that when described syringe needle is withdrawn, can be taken extension forward to the positive end of needle tip 14 from organize.Then, employed needle tip 14 can be encapsulated by quite hard pipe, and the sleeve pipe soft waves outside it.

This device is very useful in the insulin syringe that for example diabetics uses.Hard proximal sleeve or extension on the ridge 34 can be made of metal, and enough thin so that can penetrate tissue, perhaps bigger diameter be so that can rest on skin surface.

Claims

1. needle apparatus, it is characterized in that one has near-end and vertical thin wall casing, one has near-end and vertical tubulose syringe needle, there is a sharp tip on the top of described syringe needle, described syringe needle and described sleeve pipe are combined closely, described syringe needle and sleeve pipe can vertically move relative to each other in the primary importance and the second position, described primary importance is meant the position that syringe needle stretches out from sleeve pipe, the described second position be meant sharp tip be positioned at sleeve pipe with the position, described apparatus further comprises hub, syringe needle is installed in the described hub regularly, the near-end of syringe needle is near hub, so syringe needle extends out the outside that its top is positioned at hub from hub, described sleeve pipe has a near-end that is arranged in hub and is installed on the hub in the mode of hub longitudinal sliding motion relatively, described sleeve pipe extends out from hub, this telescopic top is positioned at the outside of hub, when described sleeve pipe is positioned at relative primary importance with syringe needle, described needle apparatus is used for piercing tissue, and after tissue is pierced, described syringe needle can be in withdrawal from tissue, because the pressure of surrounding tissue radial effect is retained in the tissue sleeve pipe original position.

2. needle apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that not having at relative sleeve pipe described in the primary importance locked, is in latched position at sleeve pipe described in the second position relatively simultaneously.

3. needle apparatus according to claim 2 is characterized in that sleeve pipe is provided with the ridge that extends laterally and at the instrument of second position positive engagement ridge, thereby stops sleeve pipe to its near-end motion.

4. needle apparatus according to claim 3 is characterized in that described ridge is positioned in the hub.

5. according to claim 3 or 4 described needle apparatus, it is characterized in that described ridge is a dish type.

6. according to each described needle apparatus of claim 2 to 5, it is characterized in that being provided with at least one finger piece and engage with ridge, stop sleeve pipe to its near-end motion with this in the second position.

7. needle apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that described finger piece or each finger piece are positioned in the described hub.

8. according to the described needle apparatus of aforementioned each claim, it is characterized in that described syringe needle is retained in the fluid path of described apparatus always.

9. according to the described needle apparatus of aforementioned each claim, it is characterized in that moving a short distance at described syringe needle between first and second positions.

10. according to the described needle apparatus of aforementioned each claim, it is characterized in that acting directly on the sleeve pipe from the pressure of surrounding tissue.

11. according to each described needle apparatus in the claim 1 to 9, be provided with the catheter guidance device when it is characterized in that beginning around telescopic, described catheter guidance device comprises the sheath that enters tissue with sleeve pipe simultaneously.

12. needle apparatus according to claim 11, it is characterized in that tissue applies radial pressure to sleeve pipe indirectly by filament, so that when sleeve movement during to the relative second position sleeve pipe can from filament, withdraw, the catheter guidance device is stayed in the tissue location.

13. needle apparatus according to claim 12 is characterized in that described catheter guidance device also has one to invest telescopic hub, when described sleeve movement, described hub is because of its structure or because of attached on the skin, and it can not manually be moved.

14. according to the described needle apparatus of aforementioned each claim, it is characterized in that described needle apparatus has such structure, promptly, after tissue is pierced, by operator hub is simply drawn along proximal direction, sleeve pipe can be moved to the relative second position with syringe needle from relative primary importance.

15. according to the described needle apparatus of aforementioned each claim, it is characterized in that when syringe needle is in relative primary importance with sleeve pipe, tissue is pierced through by the sharp tip of syringe needle, sleeve pipe enters tissue then, by operator hub is simply drawn along proximal direction, the withdrawal from tissue subsequently of described syringe needle reaches the relative second position up to syringe needle and sleeve pipe.