CN1701487A - Carbon brush for electric machine - Google Patents
Carbon brush for electric machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1701487A CN1701487A CNA2004800011123A CN200480001112A CN1701487A CN 1701487 A CN1701487 A CN 1701487A CN A2004800011123 A CNA2004800011123 A CN A2004800011123A CN 200480001112 A CN200480001112 A CN 200480001112A CN 1701487 A CN1701487 A CN 1701487A
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- carbon brush
- electric machine
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
- H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/12—Manufacture of brushes
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
An electromechanical carbon brush 1 applied against a conductive rotating body 2 has a brush base material which is a material made of an aggregate including carbon as at least one (1) ingredient and of a binder, the electromechanical carbon brush 1 containing 0.2 to 10 % by weight of a water-soluble lubricant, 0.2 to 3 % by weight of fluorine denatured silicone oil or 0.2 to 10 % by weight of the water-soluble lubricant and a metallic compound, relative to the brush base material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to carbon brush for electric machine, especially relate to the carbon brush for electric machine that miniature motor uses.
Background technology
Motor is to miniaturization, high capacity, high outputization development.For example, the motor of electric dust collector use requires more small-sized and attraction is strong.Therefore, dwindle motor the fan external diameter, make it in down rotation of ultrahigh speed (30, more than the 000rpm).The motor of such ultrahigh speed rotation becomes important problem by keeping carbon brush for electric machine (below, claim carbon brush) with keeping to electrically contact normally as the good sliding mode of the commutator of conductivity rotary body.
In the past, to utilize the so-called resin-bonding of synthetic resin bonding powdered graphite be carbon brush in view of such problem is often used.The carbon brush that this resin-bonding is utilizes powdered graphite that good slip is arranged, and utilizes resin that well secured property is arranged simultaneously, guarantees to electrically contact normally.
In addition, electric dust collector etc. in order to improve attraction (suction power), can improve the current density of carbon brush by the input power of increasing motor.Yet, adopting the occasion of this method, the carbon brush of resin-bonding system particularly is owing to use the temperature that causes carbon brush to rise for a long time or because the increase of carbon brush abrasion might cause rectification bad.
In addition, must consider that input power limits this background, further require to obtain the more motor of high-output power certain input power.
Be conceived to such situation, strong expectation is guaranteed stable rectification, can be given the carbon brush of high efficiency (with respect to the power output of input power) to motor simultaneously.
As this way to solve the problem, the spy opens 2002-56944 communique (below, claim Patent Document 1), discloses the method that the metal of implementing copper facing etc. on the carbon brush surface partly reduces carbon brush resistivity.This method is by reducing the apparent intrinsic resistance of carbon brush, and the temperature that can suppress carbon brush rises, stablizes rectification, reduces the abrasion of carbon brush, and can obtain higher motor efficiency.
In addition, No. 6068926 communique of United States Patent (USP) (below, claim Patent Document 2), disclose by in the pore of carbon brush, flooding silicone oil, improve the method for carbon brush abrasion characteristic.This method is by improving the sliding of carbon brush and commutator, and the temperature that can suppress carbon brush rises, reduces the abrasion of carbon brush.
The disclosed technology of these communiques, the abrasion that suppresses carbon brush, the long lifetime of carbon brush wait in expectation.Yet, though the method rectification shown in the Patent Document 1 is stable, the temperature of carbon brush rises and the carbon brush abrasion reduces, thereby partly reduce resistivity owing to implement metal lining on the carbon brush surface, so further being improved, motor efficiency is restricted.That is, owing to the metal deposition effect of being implemented around carbon brush rests on the stable motor efficiency and the raising in carbon brush life-span that produces of rectification.
In addition, the method shown in the Patent Document 2 though the temperature of carbon brush rises and the carbon brush abrasion reduces, because silicone oil is in the pore that emulsion is immersed in carbon brush, so be difficult to make silicone oil to be immersed in equably in the pore of carbon brush, produces inhomogeneous.The result can not guarantee the good sliding of carbon brush and commutator, might can not guarantee stable rectification.
The present invention is the invention of finishing in view of above-mentioned situation, its objective is provide guarantee more stable rectification, can obtain for motor high efficiency, long-life, reduction temperature, suppress slip sound, reduce the carbon brush for electric machine of commutator abrasion.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, carbon brush for electric machine of the present invention is the carbon brush for electric machine that can contact with the conductivity rotary body, it is characterized in that, with contain carbon containing at least as the raw material of a kind of aggregate of composition and adhesive as the carbon brush base material, contain soluble oil in the carbon brush for electric machine, the content of soluble oil is 0.2～10 weight % with respect to the carbon brush base material.
Utilize this formation, high efficiency, long-life, the reduction temperature that can give motor, the carbon brush for electric machine that suppresses slip sound, the abrasion of minimizing commutator are provided, achieve the above object.
There is the gap that is called " pore " in carbon brush base material by aggregate and adhesive constitute, and so-called here dipping means soluble oil is present in this pore, thereby is present in this material.
In addition, the size of existing pore or volume are according to kind, the manufacture method of carbon brush and the difference of creating conditions etc. and difference.And pore is present in the carbon brush integral body, exists from the carbon brush surface open pore that links to each other to inside and in the inner isolated hole of holding one's breath that exists of carbon brush.Below, when singly mentioning " pore ", mean open pore.
And, because soluble oil is the aqueous solution, so the size that can make soluble oil directly be molecular level is immersed in the pore of carbon brush.In addition, soluble oil has the surface activity effect, and surface tension utilizes capillarity to be impregnated in the inner fine pores after reducing easily.Therefore, soluble oil also can be impregnated in the fine pores of carbon brush, and not only the carbon brush surface part but also evenly be impregnated in the pore of inside.Like this, by soluble oil is immersed in the carbon brush pore equably, estimation acts on the sliding surface of rotary body whole for a long time, equably by soluble oil, realize that the mechanical resistance on the sliding surface reduces, is good sliding, can realize raising, long-life, reduction temperature, inhibition slip sound, the abrasion of minimizing commutator of motor efficiency.Here, if soluble oil with respect to the pickup less than 0.2 weight % of carbon brush, does not then present the effect of soluble oil, the efficient of motor reduces when surpassing 10 weight %.Soluble oil with respect to the pickup of carbon brush when 0.2～3 weight %, even also obtain equal effect, so economy and more preferably owing to reduce content.
Soluble oil is a soluble material with greasy property in water, being applicable to the preferred soluble oil of carbon brush for electric machine of the present invention, is polyethylene glycol or derivatives thereof, polyvinyl alcohol, PVP, water-soluble silicon oil or these mixture.As polyethyleneglycol derivative, can enumerate macrogol ester, polyglycol ether etc.
In addition, in these soluble oils, water-soluble silicon oil high-temperature stability height, thereby more preferably.
In addition, carbon brush for electric machine of the present invention as the material that contains in the carbon brush for electric machine, can substitute above-mentioned soluble oil with the fluorine modified silicon oil.This occasion, the amount of fluorine modified silicon oil is preferably 0.2～3 weight % with respect to the carbon brush base material.
Utilize this formation, high efficiency, long-life, the reduction temperature that can give for motor, the carbon brush for electric machine that suppresses slip sound, the abrasion of minimizing commutator can be provided, achieve the above object.
The surface tension on fluorine modified silicon oil and carbon brush surface is little, utilizes capillarity to be impregnated in the inner fine pore easily, so even dipping also can make carbon brush contain this silicone oil.Therefore, the fluorine modified silicon oil can be impregnated in the fine pore of carbon brush, in addition the pore on carbon brush surface but also be impregnated into equably in the inner pore not only.Like this, be impregnated into equably in the carbon brush pore by the fluorine modified silicon oil, because the fluorine modified silicon oil acts on whole with the sliding surface of rotary body for a long time, equably, reduce mechanical resistance on the sliding surface, realize good sliding that estimation can improve the efficient to motor.Here, if the fluorine modified silicon oil with respect to the pickup less than 0.2 weight % of carbon brush, then can not present the effect of fluorine modified silicon oil, when surpassing 3 weight %, the efficient of motor reduces.
In addition, carbon brush for electric machine of the present invention as the material that contains in the carbon brush for electric machine, replaces above-mentioned substance, also can be the formation that contains soluble oil and metallic compound.This occasion, the content of soluble oil is 0.2～10 weight % with respect to the carbon brush base material, the content of metallic compound is preferably 0.05～10 weight % with respect to the carbon brush base material, when 0.1～4 weight %, even minimizing content also obtains equal effect, so good economy performance and more preferably.
This formation, soluble oil and metallic compound by with the same surface that is immersed in carbon brush equably of above-mentioned formation and inner fine pores in, estimate more to reduce carbon brush or commutator abrasion, reduce temperature and slip sound, further improve the efficient of motor.
Here, when soluble oil and metallic compound break away from above-mentioned scope with respect to the pickup of carbon brush, do not present the effect of utilizing these materials to improve motor efficiencies.
In addition, carbon brush for electric machine preferred adhesive of the present invention is made of synthetic resin.
There is the fine tendency of pore in this adhesive by the carbon brush of the resin-bonding system that synthetic resin constitutes, but such carbon brush is flooded soluble oil, fluorine modified silicon oil, soluble oil and metallic compound equably, then achieves the above object.
In addition, carbon brush for electric machine of the present invention, its adhesive also can be the carbide or the Carbonization of Pitch things of synthetic resin.The concrete example of this occasion as synthetic resin, can be enumerated epoxy resin, phenolic resins, mylar, vinyl ester resin, furane resins, polyamide, polyimide resin or these mixture.In addition, pitch can be enumerated carbobitumen, oil is pitch or these mixture.
In addition, carbon brush for electric machine of the present invention can use at least a portion on this carbon brush surface of removing the face that carbon brush for electric machine contacts with the conductivity rotary body to form the carbon brush of good conductive metal tunicle.
By using the carbon brush that forms the metal tunicle in this wise, can further improve efficient to motor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the simple oblique view that constitutes of motor that the embodiment of the present invention carbon brush is used in expression.
Fig. 2 is the figure of the water-soluble silicon oil chemical constitution of expression embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the figure of the fluorine modified silicon oil chemical constitution of expression embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below, embodiment of the present invention limit is described with reference to the accompanying drawing limit.
Fig. 1 represents to use the simple formation of motor of the carbon brush of embodiment of the present invention.
With regard to carbon brush 1, contact with the following 1a of carbon brush 1 as the rotary body 2 of the commutator of motor, slide in this contact portion.
Carbon brush 1 at least carbon containing as the raw material of the aggregate of a kind of composition and adhesive formation as base material.This base material has pore as described above, and the present embodiment is all flooded soluble oil, fluorine modified silicon oil or soluble oil metallizing thing in the pore of carbon brush base material.
It also can be the carbon brush base material that the pore of carbon brush 1 for example has the following spilehole radius of average pore radius 1 first that mercury penetration method obtains.
Base material as carbon brush 1, can use the carbon brush that is called the carbon graphite that CG (carbon graphite) is, the carbon brush of the calcium carbide China ink matter that is called EG (calcium carbide China ink) and is, resin-bonding as the synthetic resin of not carbonization of adhesive is a carbon brush, and it is brush etc. that the part of aggregate is used the metal of metal dusts such as copper powder, iron powder, silver powder.Most preferably resin-bonding is a carbon brush.
Below be that the manufacture method of carbon brush base material describes to this resin-bonding.
At first, with respect to aggregate 100 weight portion mixed adhesivers 10～40 weight portions conduct ratio that is mixed roughly, carry out these aggregates and adhesive mixing.
As this aggregate, can use Delanium, native graphite, expanded graphite etc.Wherein, Delanium that the crystallinity of preferred especially graphite is not too flourishing or the preferred natural graphite formation of mixing with Delanium.
In addition, use synthetic resin as adhesive, can use any of thermoset synthetic resin or thermoplasticity synthetic resin, also can use these mixture, as the synthetic resin of suitable use, can enumerate epoxy resin, phenolic resins, mylar, vinylester resin, furane resins, polyamide, polyimide resin.
Can add the organic solvent of alcohols, acetone etc. when in addition, mixing as required in right amount.Can also in the part of aggregate, add additive as required, for example, solid lubricant, tunicle conditioning agent.The tunicle conditioning agent that for example, can add the solid lubricant of molybdenum bisuphide, tungsten disulfide etc. or aluminium oxide, silica, carborundum etc.
Then, pulverize mixing piece, adjusting becomes the powder that moulding is used.Then, this powder processing and forming is become carbon brush base material shape.And (general, 100～300 ℃) implements heat treatment to formed body under the temperature of resin solidification, makes resin solidification.
In addition, carbon brush 1 is in the stage of carbon brush base material, also can the side 1b the 1a below carbon brush 1 and above the metal tunicle of the good conductivity of formation on whole faces of 1a or the part.As the material of this tunicle, can enumerate nickel, copper and silver.In addition, the thickness of this tunicle approximately is 3～100 μ m.But also be not limited thereto.
In addition, the formation of this metal tunicle can adopt known method such as plating, chemical plating to carry out.
As making soluble oil, fluorine modified silicon oil or soluble oil metallizing thing all be contained in method in the carbon brush, can adopt the method that in the way of making carbon brush, aggregate or adhesive and these materials is mixed together, or the method for in advance the carbon brush base material of making being flooded these materials.
Below, the formation of preferred water-soluble silicon oil among the dipping soluble oil in the carbon brush base material is described.
Fig. 2 represents the structural formula of water-soluble poly siloxanes.
This water-soluble silicon oil is the structure that 1 methyl substituted in the methyl with the formed main chain combination of SiO becomes the functional group that alkyl is connected with polyalkylene oxide.This silicone oil utilizes the x of Fig. 2 and the value of y (natural number) to change mean molecule quantity, and kinematic viscosity also changes thereupon.In the present embodiment, preferably have 10～20000mm
2The water-soluble silicon oil of the kinematic viscosity of/s (20 ℃).More preferably use 10～1000mm is arranged
2The water-soluble silicon oil of the kinematic viscosity of/s.
For water-soluble silicon oil is flooded, at first regulate the aqueous solution (the silicone oil aqueous solution) of the water-soluble silicon oil that Fig. 2 represents on the carbon brush base material.Because water-soluble silicon oil easily mixes with the water capacity, use stirring rod just can regulate the silicone oil aqueous solution with the simple operations that hand stirs so adopt.The amount of water-soluble silicon oil in the aqueous solution can suitably be determined according to the kind of desired impregnation rate, immersion condition, selected base material etc.
The silicone oil aqueous solution of regulating utilizes capillarity to be impregnated in the inner fine pore, is impregnated into equably in the pore of carbon brush base material.Therefore, dipping can be undertaken by flood the carbon brush base material simply in the silicone oil aqueous solution.But also can and be used as general dipping method known vacuum degassing or pressurized operation.
The dipping of the silicone oil aqueous solution can carry out under the room temperature about 20～30 ℃.Also can flood as required at 60～80 ℃ high temperature.In addition, dip time can suitably determine according to the condition of silicone oil viscosity in aqueous solution, temperature, carbon brush base material etc., for example is about 10～60 minutes.
After carbon brush flooded certain hour, take out carbon brush, by the moisture of the silicone oil aqueous solution that under the temperature more than 100 ℃, carries out drying, remove being immersed in the carbon brush.The removing of timetable open fire branch that the weight of carbon brush drying reaches constant weight reaches terminal point, finishes dry.The weight that remains in the water-soluble silicon oil in the carbon brush base material is the weight of dipping.The weight of the water-soluble silicon oil that floods in the present embodiment is 0.2～10 weight % with respect to the carbon brush base material.
The installation lead-in wire 3 that on the carbon brush that floods water-soluble silicon oil like this, suits etc.
Below, the scheme of flooding the fluorine modified silicon oil on the carbon brush base material is described.
Fig. 3 represents the structural formula of fluorine modified silicon oil.
A methyl in the methyl that the main chain that this fluorine modified silicon oil is with SiO forms combines is replaced as (CH
2)
2With CF
3The structure of the functional group that links.This silicone oil utilizes the value of the x (natural number) of Fig. 3 to change mean molecule quantity, and kinematic viscosity also changes thereupon.In the present embodiment, preferred 10～20000mm
2The fluorine modified silicon oil of/s (20 ℃) kinematic viscosity.More preferably use 10～1000mm is arranged
2The fluorine modified silicon oil of/s kinematic viscosity.
The surface tension on fluorine modified silicon oil and carbon brush surface is little, utilizes capillarity to be impregnated in the inner fine pore, is immersed in equably in the pore of carbon brush base material.Therefore, dipping can be by flooding the carbon brush base material in the fluorine modified silicon oil simply.But also can and be used as known vacuum degassing of general dipping method or pressurized operation.
In addition, the dipping of fluorine modified silicon oil can carry out under the room temperature about 20～30 ℃.The high temperature that also can become 60～80 ℃ as required floods.In addition, dip time can suitably determine according to the condition of the viscosity of fluorine modified silicon oil, temperature, carbon brush base material etc., for example is about 10～60 minutes.
After carbon brush flooded certain hour, take out carbon brush, use soft cloth wiping etc. to remove and be bonded at the lip-deep fluorine modified silicon oil of carbon brush.The weight that remains in the fluorine modified silicon oil on the carbon brush base material is the weight of dipping.
The weight of the fluorine modified silicon oil that floods in the present embodiment is 0.2～3 weight % with respect to the carbon brush base material.
Lead-in wire 3 etc. is installed on the carbon brush that floods the fluorine modified silicon oil in this wise aptly.
In addition, the occasion to the mixture of dipping soluble oil metallizing thing on the carbon brush base material describes.
This metallic compound is the metallic compound in water soluble or the organic solvent, preferably metal complex, chelate preferably again.The metal species of above-mentioned metallic compound is 3～14 families in the long period type periodic table of elements and the metal in 3～5 cycles, preferably Al, Ti, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, Sn preferably, more preferably Fe, Cu, Zn, Ag.
As the metallic compound that uses in the present embodiment, it both can be the metallic compound of ionic bond, it also can be the metallic compound of covalent bond, can enumerate the inorganic salts of the sulfate, nitrate, hydrochloride etc. of above-mentioned metal species, the acylate of the acetate of above-mentioned metal species, oxalates, benzoate, benzene sulfonate etc., above-mentioned metal species is the metal complex or the chelate of central atom, but does not have particular determination, can use commercially available metallic compound.The ligand of complex compound or chelate is suitable for oxime compound of ketonic compound, dimethyl glyoxime (dmg) of the amine compound, acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione (acac) etc. that are ethylenediamine (en), diethylenetriamines (dien), trien (trien), ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (edta), bipyridine (bpy), three pyridines (terpy) etc. etc. etc.
The mixture of soluble oil metallizing thing preferably has 10～20000mm in the present embodiment
2/ s (20 ℃) kinematic viscosity, more preferably using has 10～1000mm
2The mixture of the soluble oil metallizing thing of/s kinematic viscosity.
The mixture of soluble oil metallizing thing is also same with above-mentioned embodiment, and surface tension is little, utilizes capillarity to be impregnated in the inner fine pore, is immersed in equably in the pore of carbon brush base material.Therefore, dipping is only undertaken by dipping carbon brush base material in the mixture of soluble oil metallizing thing simply.But also can and be used as known vacuum degassing of general dipping method or pressurized operation.
And the mixture of soluble oil metallizing thing can flood under the room temperature about 20 ℃～30 ℃, more preferably floods under 40 ℃～60 ℃ high temperature.In addition, dip time can suitably determine according to the condition of the viscosity of the mixture of soluble oil metallizing thing, temperature, carbon brush base material etc., for example is about 10～60 minutes.
After carbon brush flooded certain hour, at 100 ℃ of dry carbon brush.The weight that remains in the mixture of the soluble oil metallizing thing on the carbon brush base material is the weight of dipping.
This occasion, the content of soluble oil is 0.2～10 weight % with respect to the carbon brush base material, the content of metallic compound is 0.05～10 weight % with respect to the carbon brush base material.
This formation, material as dipping, by using these two kinds of materials of soluble oil metallizing thing to present synergy, estimate that the raising, long-life, the reduction of temperature, the inhibition of slip sound, the reduction of commutator abrasion to motor efficiency is significant.
Below, be described more specifically the present invention by embodiment.
Make the carbon brush base material of the resin-bonding system of each embodiment use at first, as follows.
With respect to Delanium powder (average grain diameter 100 μ m, ash content 5 weight % are following) 100 weight portions, blending epoxy 30 weight portions, mixing at normal temperatures official hour (30～120 minutes) makes the Delanium powder mix equably with resin.
This mixture is ground into makes the moulding powder that the carbon brush moulding is used below 40 orders.Use mould this moulding powder to be shaped to the shape (size: after 5.5 * 6 * 25mm), use commercially available drier to implement 150 ℃ heat treatment, make resin solidification of carbon brush.
The bulk density of this carbon brush base material is 1.45g/cm
3, resistivity is 700 μ Ω .m.The accumulation pore volume of this carbon brush base material is 212mm
3/ g, average pore radius are 0.76 μ m.Moreover the porosity adopts mercury penetration method (mercury porosimeter FISONS Instrument corporate system, MAPO120 and PO2000 type) to obtain.
Embodiment 1
In the embodiment, the resin-bonding that will have the water-soluble silicon oil of chemical constitution shown in Figure 2 to be immersed in as above-mentioned manufacturing is in the pore of carbon brush base material.Moreover the kinematic viscosity of the water-soluble silicon oil of use under 20 ℃ is 100mm
2/ s.
In the dipping operation, water-soluble silicon oil is dissolved in forms the silicone oil aqueous solution in the water of ormal weight, the carbon brush base material is flooded official hour in this aqueous solution.
In order to make the different multiple carbon brush of silicone oil impregnation rate in the carbon brush base material, preparation utilizes the different adjustment impregnation rate of silicone oil concentration with the silicone oil aqueous solution of silicone oil concentration adjustment to the 1～80 weight % of the silicone oil aqueous solution.In addition, in the silicone oil aqueous solution, flood the time set of carbon brush base material in the roughly saturated moment of weight increase.This dip time is different and different according to the concentration of silicone oil, is 15～30 minutes.Moreover any occasion of the temperature of the silicone oil aqueous solution all is set in 60 ℃.
After this dipping end of job, from the silicone oil aqueous solution, behind the taking-up carbon brush base material, the carbon brush that is impregnated with the silicone oil aqueous solution is put into the drier that remains on 120 ℃, the only dry moisture of removing with the silicone oil dipping.
Make the dipping water-soluble silicon oil carbon brush (4 kinds) that impregnation rate is respectively 0.2 weight %, 1.2 weight %, 2.7 weight %, 4.0 weight % by above.Moreover impregnation rate (weight %)=(by the weight of the carbon brush before the weight/dipping that floods the part that increases) * 100 is values that percentage is represented.
The efficient of the motor when obtaining the carbon brush that uses these 4 kinds dipping water-soluble silicon oils and carbon brush base material.
The mensuration of motor efficiency, at first lead-in wire is installed on these carbon brush after, use the spring pressure of 35kPa to be fixed on the motor of test usefulness.Under certain conditions, each carbon brush is measured suction power P (W).Moreover, motor is imported the electric power of about 1000W under voltage 100V, 60Hz.This moment, the rotation number of motor was about 32000rpm.
The efficient of motor adopts (1) formula to calculate.
η＝(P/I)×100?????????????(1)
In the formula, η is the efficient (%) of motor, and P sucks power (W), and I is input power (W).
Measure the efficient (η) of the motor that obtains thus, the result of the test of each motor efficiency of the occasion of the carbon brush of the occasion of using the carbon brush that does not flood water-soluble silicon oil, the above-mentioned 4 kinds of water-soluble silicon oils of use dipping is shown in table 1.
Table 1
| The impregnation rate of water-soluble silicon oil (weight %) | The efficiency eta of motor (%) |
| ??0 | ??40.2 |
| ??0.2 | ??40.3 |
| ??1.2 | ??40.4 |
| ??2.7 | ??40.3 |
| ??4.0 | ??39.8 |
As shown in table 1, the occasion of impregnation rate 1.2 weight %, the efficient of motor is 40.4%, compares with the motor efficiency 40.2% of the carbon brush that does not flood water-soluble silicon oil (not flooding carbon brush) and demonstrates high 0.2% value.In addition, the occasion of impregnation rate 0.2 weight % and 2.7 weight %, the efficient of motor is 40.3%, shows the value than the efficient high 0.1% of the motor that does not flood carbon brush.In addition, the occasion of impregnation rate 4.0 weight %, as shown in table 1, become the result who reduces motor efficiency.
Motor efficiency improves 0.1～0.2%, and this miniature motor field in uses such as electric dust collectors becomes significant effect.Therefore, the raising of this motor efficiency has sizable meaning, is be evaluated as the high motor of value.Particularly since the specification of motor etc. under the situation that input power is restricted, consider by increasing input power, in the time of can not improving power output, like this, necessarily requiring the higher carbon brush of motor efficiency.
In addition, the copper tunicles of the chemical plating formation thickness 10 μ m of copper are all adopted on the surface except around the part that contact with the rotating part of carbon brush of the carbon brush base material made of present embodiment.
On the carbon brush base material that forms this copper tunicle, adopt the same water-soluble silicon oil of method dipping of above-mentioned (present embodiment).Water-soluble silicon oil becomes carbon brush than no above-mentioned copper tunicle with respect to the impregnation rate of the carbon brush base material that forms the copper tunicle and hangs down about 20% value as a result.Yet form the occasion of the carbon brush base material of copper tunicle, adopt the method that prolongs dip time or change dipping temperature, can obtain and the equal impregnation rate of carbon brush occasion of not having the copper tunicle.
Such carbon brush utilizes the effect of good conductive metal tunicle on the carbon brush surface, promptly rises, can keep chronically in the temperature that can suppress carbon brush to help above-mentioned effect aspect the stable rectification.
In the present embodiment 2, at first the carbon brush base material that embodiment 1 is made floods the fluorine modified silicon oil with chemical constitution shown in Figure 3.Here, the kinematic viscosity of fluorine modified silicon oil is 100mm
2/ s.
The dipping of fluorine modified silicon oil is at the dipping that the carbon brush base material is carried out certain hour under 25 ℃ the room temperature in the fluorine modified silicon oil.Take out carbon brush then, remove with soft cloth wiping etc. and be bonded at the lip-deep fluorine modified silicon oil of carbon brush.
The time of carbon brush base material is flooded in change in the fluorine modified silicon oil, make the carbon brush with embodiment 1 identical impregnation rate, and promptly impregnation rate is respectively the carbon brush (4 kinds) of the dipping fluorine modified silicon oil of 0.2 weight %, 1.2 weight %, 2.7 weight %, 4.0 weight %.Moreover the method that impregnation rate adopts and embodiment 1 occasion is same is obtained.
Motor efficiency during to the carbon brush that uses this dipping fluorine modified silicon oil of 4 kinds and carbon brush base material similarly to Example 1, (1) formula of employing is calculated.
The result of the test of the efficient (η) of the motor the when carbon brush of the carbon brush of fluorine modified silicon oil and 4 kinds of dipping fluorine modified silicon oils are not flooded in the use that obtains thus is shown in table 2.
Table 2
| The impregnation rate of fluorine modified silicon oil (weight %) | Motor efficiency η (%) |
| ??0 | ??40.2 |
| ??0.2 | ??40.4 |
| ??1.2 | ??40.7 |
| ??2.7 | ??40.5 |
| ??4.0 | ??39.7 |
As shown in table 2, the occasion of impregnation rate 0.2 weight %, the efficient of motor is 40.4%, the occasion of impregnation rate 1.2 weight %, the efficient of motor is 40.7%, the occasion of impregnation rate 2.7 weight %, the efficient of motor is 40.5%.That is, demonstrate value than the efficient 40.2% high 0.2%～0.5% of the motor that does not flood carbon brush.The occasion of impregnation rate 1.2 weight %, the efficient of motor increases so significantly.In addition, the occasion of impregnation rate 4.0 weight %, the result who reduces motor efficiency that becomes as shown in table 2.
Embodiment 3
To the carbon brush base material of making of embodiment 1, dipping has the water-soluble silicon oil of chemical constitution and the mixture of metal complex Cu (edta) as shown in Figure 2.Here, the kinematic viscosity of this water-soluble silicon oil and metal complex is 100mm
2/ s.
The dipping of this water-soluble silicon oil metallizing thing carries out the carbon brush base material to flood in 15 minutes under 50 ℃ liquid temperature in this mixture.After from this mixture, taking out the carbon brush base material then, this carbon brush is put into the drier that remains on 100 ℃, remove moisture with this water-soluble silicon oil metallizing thing dipping.
The impregnation rate of this water-soluble silicon oil metallizing thing carbon brush that obtains each as shown in table 3.Moreover the method that impregnation rate adopts and embodiment 1 occasion is same is obtained.
The efficient (η) of the motor the when carbon brush of these water-soluble silicon oil metallizing things of use dipping and carbon brush base material adopts (1) formula to calculate similarly to Example 1.In addition, the temperature of the abrasion amount (mm/100h) of measuring per 100 hours carbon brush respectively, carbon brush retainer peripheral end (℃), the slip sound (dB) of carbon brush (using ONO SOKKI system sound level meter) and per 100 hours commutator abrasion amount the results are shown in table 3.
The mensuration of motor efficiency at first after on these carbon brush lead-in wire being installed, adopts the spring pressure of 41kPa to be fixed on the motor of test usefulness.Under certain conditions each carbon brush is measured and sucked power P (W).In addition, motor is imported the electric power of about 1550W under voltage 230V, 60Hz.At this moment, the motor rotation number is about 34000rpm.
As shown in table 3, in sample sequence number (2)～(4), (6)～(17), the efficient of motor is respectively 41.4%～41.9%, demonstrate value, show effect significantly than the motor efficiency 41.0% high 0.4～0.9% of the carbon brush that does not flood water-soluble silicon oil and metallic compound (not flooding carbon brush).In addition, per 100 hours carbon brush abrasion amount, sample sequence number (2)～(4), (6)～(17) they are the value of 3.8～7 (mm/100h), reduce significantly than 10 (mm/100h) that do not flood carbon brush.In addition, temperature is suppressed to below 100 ℃.In addition, about slip sound, sample sequence number (2)～(4), (6)～(17) are lower than the 110dB that does not flood carbon brush.
Relevant per 100 hours commutator abrasion amount, sample sequence number (2)～(4), (6)～(17) are the value of 0.04～0.08 (mm/100h), reduce significantly than 0.12 (mm/100h) that does not flood carbon brush.
Table 3
| The sample sequence number | The impregnation rate of water-soluble silicon oil (weight %) | The impregnation rate of metallic compound (weight %) | Motor is remitted rate η (%) | Per 100 hours carbon brush abrasion amount (mm/100h) | Temperature (℃) | Slip sound (dB) | Per 100 hours commutator abrasion amount (mm/100h) |
| ??(1) | ??0 | ??0 | ??41.0 | ??10 | ??95 | ??110 | ??0.12 |
| ??(2) | ??3 | ??0 | ??41.7 | ??5 | ??100 | ??107 | ??0.06 |
| ??(3) | ??5 | ??0 | ??41.6 | ??6 | ??100 | ??106 | ??0.06 |
| ??(4) | ??10 | ??0 | ??41.4 | ??7 | ??100 | ??107 | ??0.07 |
| ??(5) | ??12 | ??0 | ??41.0 | ??10 | ??100 | ??110 | ??0.11 |
| ??(6) | ??2.95 | ??0.05 | ??41.7 | ??4.8 | ??99 | ??106 | ??0.05 |
| ??(7) | ??2.9 | ??0.1 | ??41.8 | ??4.8 | ??98 | ??106 | ??0.05 |
| ??(8) | ??2.84 | ??0.16 | ??41.9 | ??4.3 | ??96 | ??106 | ??0.05 |
| ??(9) | ??2.68 | ??0.32 | ??41.8 | ??3.8 | ??94 | ??105 | ??0.04 |
| ??(10) | ??2.52 | ??0.48 | ??41.8 | ??3.8 | ??96 | ??106 | ??0.05 |
| ??(11) | ??2.04 | ??0.96 | ??41.7 | ??4 | ??98 | ??107 | ??0.05 |
| ??(12) | ??1.0 | ??2.0 | ??41.7 | ??5 | ??99 | ??107 | ??0.06 |
| ??(13) | ??1.0 | ??4.0 | ??41.7 | ??6 | ??100 | ??109 | ??0.06 |
| ??(14) | ??0.8 | ??5.0 | ??41.7 | ??6 | ??100 | ??109 | ??0.07 |
| ??(15) | ??0.8 | ??8.0 | ??41.7 | ??7 | ??100 | ??109 | ??0.08 |
| ??(16) | ??0.5 | ??10.0 | ??41.7 | ??7 | ??100 | ??109 | ??0.08 |
| ??(17) | ??10 | ??10.0 | ??41.5 | ??7 | ??100 | ??108 | ??0.08 |
| ??(18) | ??0.5 | ??12.0 | ??41.5 | ??10 | ??100 | ??110 | ??0.12 |
The possibility of utilizing on the industry
Electric dust collectors etc. load the motor machine of motor, and because of the conditional occasion of the input powers such as specification of motor, the special requirement motor efficiency is high. The present invention can be used for such motor. In addition, the life-span of carbon brush is long, can reduce slip sound, and is also useful economically, can shorten carbon brush, helps the miniaturization of motor.
Claims (8)
1. carbon brush for electric machine, it is the carbon brush for electric machine that can contact with the conductivity rotary body, be characterised in that, with the raw material formed as a kind of aggregate and adhesive of composition by carbon containing at least as the carbon brush base material,
Contain soluble oil in the above-mentioned carbon brush for electric machine,
The content of above-mentioned soluble oil is 0.2～10 weight % with respect to above-mentioned carbon brush base material.
2. the described carbon brush for electric machine of claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned soluble oil is any in polyethylene glycol or derivatives thereof, polyvinyl alcohol, PVP, the water-soluble silicon oil, or these mixture.
3. carbon brush for electric machine, it is the carbon brush for electric machine that can contact with the conductivity rotary body, be characterised in that, with the raw material formed as a kind of aggregate and adhesive of composition by carbon containing at least as the carbon brush base material, contain the fluorine modified silicon oil in the above-mentioned carbon brush for electric machine, the content of fluorine modified silicon oil is 0.2～3 weight % with respect to above-mentioned carbon brush base material.
4. the described carbon brush for electric machine of any one of claim 1～3 is characterized in that, contains metallic compound.
5. the described carbon brush for electric machine of claim 4 is characterized in that, the content of metallic compound is 0.05～10 weight % with respect to above-mentioned carbon brush base material.
6. the described carbon brush for electric machine of any one of claim 1～5 is characterized in that, above-mentioned adhesive is made of synthetic resin.
7. the described carbon brush for electric machine of any one of claim 1～5 is characterized in that, above-mentioned adhesive is made of the carbide or the Carbonization of Pitch thing of synthetic resin.
8. the described carbon brush for electric machine of any one of claim 1～7, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned carbon brush for electric machine except with face that above-mentioned conductivity rotatory contacts at least a portion on this carbon brush surface on form the metal tunicle of good conductivity.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003312561 | 2003-09-04 | ||
| JP312561/2003 | 2003-09-04 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1701487A true CN1701487A (en) | 2005-11-23 |
| CN100388600C CN100388600C (en) | 2008-05-14 |
Family
ID=34269741
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004800011123A Expired - Fee Related CN100388600C (en) | 2003-09-04 | 2004-09-06 | Carbon brush for electric machine |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1662640B1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101011999B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100388600C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005025035A1 (en) |
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| CN102468587A (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-05-23 | 苏州东豪碳素有限公司 | Series-excitation AC (Alternating Current) motor brush for soybean milk maker/juice extractor |
| CN102870319A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2013-01-09 | 东洋炭素株式会社 | Carbon brush |
| CN102904144A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-01-30 | 海门市通达碳业有限公司 | Production process of nontoxic electric brush |
| CN105340139A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2016-02-17 | 潘瑞克有限公司 | Device for diverting earth currents, more particularly in wind turbines |
| CN105470778A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2016-04-06 | 苏州东南碳制品有限公司 | Electric brush for washer motor and preparation method thereof |
| CN105594106A (en) * | 2013-10-02 | 2016-05-18 | 东洋炭素株式会社 | Metal-carbonaceous brush and method for producing same |
| CN106549283A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-29 | 湖南大学 | A kind of friction film has resin type electrical carbon material of self-regeneration function and preparation method thereof |
| CN107431323A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2017-12-01 | 申克霍夫曼碳科技股份公司 | Carbon composite is used to manufacture the purposes of electrical contact element and the purposes of contact element for petrolift |
| CN116505341A (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-07-28 | 湖北东南佳新材料有限公司 | Wear-resistant carbon brush material and preparation method thereof |
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| US2859139A (en) * | 1954-12-07 | 1958-11-04 | Union Carbide Corp | Method of making a silica containing carbon brush and resulting article |
| US2819989A (en) | 1956-06-26 | 1958-01-14 | Stackpole Carbon Co | Dynamoelectric brush |
| JPH05182733A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1993-07-23 | Toutan Kako Kk | Carbon brush for electric machine |
| DE4204680C1 (en) * | 1992-02-17 | 1993-04-29 | Technisch Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft Thiede Und Partner Mbh, O-1530 Teltow, De | Mfg. method for commutators and brushes for electric motors and machines - impregnating basic material with micro particles of powdered or granulated graphite and plastic mixture to reduce friction of brushes on commutator ring |
| DE4330547C2 (en) | 1993-09-09 | 2002-01-24 | Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh | Carbon brush and method for impregnating one |
| JP4533513B2 (en) | 2000-08-09 | 2010-09-01 | 東炭化工株式会社 | Carbon brush for electric machine |
| JP2003175469A (en) | 2001-12-10 | 2003-06-24 | Fujitsu Amd Semiconductor Kk | Conditioning disc, manufacturing method therefor, and polisher |
| JP3719517B2 (en) * | 2002-10-28 | 2005-11-24 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Graphite brush and motor equipped with graphite brush |
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2004
- 2004-09-06 CN CNB2004800011123A patent/CN100388600C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-06 KR KR1020057006764A patent/KR101011999B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-09-06 EP EP04772954.6A patent/EP1662640B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-09-06 WO PCT/JP2004/013272 patent/WO2005025035A1/en active Application Filing
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| CN102870319A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2013-01-09 | 东洋炭素株式会社 | Carbon brush |
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| CN102468587B (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2013-11-27 | 苏州东豪碳素有限公司 | Series-excitation AC (Alternating Current) motor brush for soybemilk maker/juice extractor |
| CN102468587A (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-05-23 | 苏州东豪碳素有限公司 | Series-excitation AC (Alternating Current) motor brush for soybean milk maker/juice extractor |
| CN102904144A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-01-30 | 海门市通达碳业有限公司 | Production process of nontoxic electric brush |
| US10109969B2 (en) | 2013-06-25 | 2018-10-23 | Pantrac Gmbh | Device discharging ground currents, particularly in wind turbines |
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| CN105594106A (en) * | 2013-10-02 | 2016-05-18 | 东洋炭素株式会社 | Metal-carbonaceous brush and method for producing same |
| CN105470778A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2016-04-06 | 苏州东南碳制品有限公司 | Electric brush for washer motor and preparation method thereof |
| CN107431323A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2017-12-01 | 申克霍夫曼碳科技股份公司 | Carbon composite is used to manufacture the purposes of electrical contact element and the purposes of contact element for petrolift |
| CN106549283A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-29 | 湖南大学 | A kind of friction film has resin type electrical carbon material of self-regeneration function and preparation method thereof |
| CN106549283B (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2019-03-15 | 湖南大学 | A kind of friction film has the resin type electrical carbon material and preparation method thereof of self-regeneration function |
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| CN116505341B (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-11-28 | 湖北东南佳新材料有限公司 | Wear-resistant carbon brush material and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1662640A1 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
| WO2005025035A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
| EP1662640B1 (en) | 2016-08-24 |
| KR101011999B1 (en) | 2011-01-31 |
| EP1662640A4 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
| KR20060113346A (en) | 2006-11-02 |
| CN100388600C (en) | 2008-05-14 |
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Assignee: Shanghai Toyo Tanso Co., Ltd. Assignor: Totankako Co., Ltd. Contract record no.: 2010990000292 Denomination of invention: Carbon brush for electric machine Granted publication date: 20080514 License type: Common License Open date: 20051123 Record date: 20100521 |
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