CN1699737B - Apparatus and method for inhibiting diesel engine emission - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for inhibiting diesel engine emission Download PDFInfo
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- CN1699737B CN1699737B CN 200410045858 CN200410045858A CN1699737B CN 1699737 B CN1699737 B CN 1699737B CN 200410045858 CN200410045858 CN 200410045858 CN 200410045858 A CN200410045858 A CN 200410045858A CN 1699737 B CN1699737 B CN 1699737B
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Abstract
Disclosed is a method for controlling the time of spraying fuel in the compressed ignition engine (10) in at least one gas tank which comprises: monitoring the parameters which represent the operating speed of the motor (10) that under control and corresponding to the baffler notch (70), and monitoring the actual operating speed parameter of the motor (10). When the controlled motor's speed exceeds the actual speed, the fuel spraying timing will be advanced so as to reduce the blow-down.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to the electronic fuel control system that is used for compression ignition engine, specifically, relates to a kind of fuel injection control apparatus that the compression ignition diesel engine discharging produces that suppresses.
Background technique
As everyone knows, DENG can produce black smoke or discharge a large amount of particulates the instantaneous of accelerating period or load increase.A reason of this phenomenon is, quickening and load increases in the instantaneous engine operation mode, and the burning that is associated with the burning of fuel in being ejected into compression cylinder is slower.
The basic combustion process of DENG comprises the diffusion types burning of liquid fuel.When liquid fuel jet was in the high temperature cylinder air of compression, this liquid fuel evaporated and mixes with ambient air, forms a kind of inflammable mixture.This is a lasting process, is injected in the cylinder along with fuel and is carrying out always.The initial mixture that forms can burn, and mixes the local temperature that raises before at the fuel of later volatilization fully with air.As a result, later burnt fuel is not having to run into high temperature under the situation of enough air.Under such condition, the pyrolysis of fuel can take place and form coal smoke thus.When the burning in the cylinder continued, quite a few of coal smoke can be owing to burning under the available air that after this is exposed in the cylinder.Coal smoke burns away in motor, fully lowers the temperature of cylinder up to the power stroke volumetric expansion, finishes this chemical reaction thus.Remaining any unburned coal smoke all is discharged out motor as flue dust or particulate in the cylinder when outlet valve is opened at the moment.
Therefore in engine with compression and combustion, there are two opposite mechanism in the generation of coal smoke: coal smoke forms and the coal smoke after-flame.In the typical combustion engine under the typical run condition, coal smoke after-flame mechanism is enough to reduce by coal smoke and forms the discharging that causes.But, increasing in the motor of running under the transient conditions in some acceleration or load, coal smoke after-flame mechanism is not enough to reduce the generation of soot emissions, below will be to this further discussion.The later burning of burner oil causes motor quickening or loading to increase running under the transient conditions.Like this, before opening outlet valve, there is not time enough to be used for coal smoke after-flame process.Therefore, the discharge of volume of smoke and particulate increases in the large-sized diesel motor that moves under the transient conditions very general in acceleration or load.
The compression ignition engine of existing technology typically has fixing injection timing through an automatic control regulator and the mechanical linkage that starts a series of transport of fuel devices simultaneously.The fuel injection beginning time is confirmed in advance usually at any given engine running point, and can not revise usually to adapt to the condition of variation.Fuel delivery system can comprise pump line nozzle (pump-line-nozzle) configuration or unit injection configuration.A kind of electronic fuel injection system that is used for big displacement volume DENG is disclosed in U.S. Pat 5,394, in 851.The 10 typical compressed igniting DENGs that briefly show are used in combination among the existing technology of this fuel injection system and Fig. 1.Motor 10 can be any large-sized diesel motor.Such motor can comprise turbosupercharger (turbo charger) 12 and a series of complete power pack 14.For example, the motor of 12 cylinders can have 12 such power pack, and the motor of 16 cylinders has 16 such power pack.Motor 10 also comprises air intlet total pipeline 16, is used for to each power pack 14 fuel supply pipe 18 of fuel, the intake pipe 20 that is used for cooled engine, lubricating pump 22 and water pump 24 being provided, and all is existing technology.Intercooler (intercooler) 26 that is connected to turbosupercharger 12 helped this air of cooling before pressurized air gets into each firing chamber in the power pack 14.Motor can be the V-arrangement type, and this also is an existing technology.
Use although be highly suitable for it, the system of Fig. 1 neither distinguishes also not fit into and quickens and load increases instantaneous operation mode, and because the effect of the later burning of discussing here these operation modes when producing discharging.In such system, the fuel injection timing of DENG is defined as the best time of suitable steady state running usually to each operating condition (speed and load).When motor experience load increased instantaneous or quickens, injection timing still was arranged on the momentary value that steady-state condition requires.Operate under the steady-state condition, time enough is arranged usually in combustion cylinders through above-mentioned coal smoke after-flame process control particulate or soot emissions.But, increasing or quicken instantaneously at load, motor needs more fuel, so the endurance that fuel sprays becomes longer.The institute that when this injection duration finishes, gets into cylinder adds the burning of fuel, and opening at outlet valve does not have chien shih coal smoke after-flame when enough before.Consequently, increased the discharging of volume of smoke or particulate at the exhaust phase of engine cycles.All the more so for present low emission DENG, this low emission DENG adopts the fuel injection timing that postpones in the steady state operation process, to reduce the discharging of x nitrogen oxides.
The normal acceleration of DENG (the medium speed's motor that for example is used for locomotive) produces the transient conditions different with steady-state condition, and increases the generation and the particle emission of coal smoke.Such motor is because the switching of large-scale assistant load also faces violent changing load, for example compressor load in locomotive application or fan load and " hotel " power source loads (producing the alternator of 110V60HZ) of being used for passenger train.Driving such load or cutting off such load under any circumstance to cause the load of 500 horsepowers of levels instantaneous.As stated, the later burning of injected fuel is very general in such acceleration and the instantaneous DENG operation mode of load increase.Later burning stops the coal smoke that is produced to carry out suitable burning, and causes motor to increase the discharge of flue dust and particulate.
Therefore, expectation suppresses compression ignition engine discharges and particle emission at the flue dust that quickens and load increases in the instantaneous operation mode process, and in the steady-state mode process, also keeps intrinsic running.Discharge the variation of system monitoring throttle valve position, quicken and the instantaneous pattern of load increase to determine whether to exist.For example, U.S. Pat 6,325,044 discloses a kind of like this system, combines as a reference here.
Summary of the invention
Whether embodiments of the invention exist acceleration or load to increase instantaneous according to the variation detection of condition rather than throttle valve position.
One aspect of the present invention is a kind of method of fuel injection timing of the DENG that is used for being controlled at railway locomotive; This railway locomotive can be operated through the discontinuous throttle valve recess of engine running speed and power; And the instantaneous operation mode of experience load, wherein be applied to the load increase of motor and do not increase in the engine throttle recess.This method comprises: the monitoring expression is corresponding to the parameter of the engine running speed of ordering of engine throttle recess; Send the data of representing the engine running speed of being ordered; The parameter of the engine running speed that the monitoring expression is actual; Send the data of representing the real engine running speed; In response to representing data that ordered and engine running speed reality, detect the engine speed of being ordered when to surpass actual velocity, to set up the instantaneous pattern of load; And, come the fuel injection timing of motor in advance according to predetermined regularly plan, to reduce engine emission in response to the instantaneous pattern of detection load.
Another aspect of the present invention is a kind of method of fuel injection timing of the DENG that is used for being controlled at railway locomotive; This railway locomotive can be operated through the discontinuous recess of engine running speed and power, and experience wherein increases the instantaneous operation mode of motor of motor recess.This method comprises: the monitoring expression is corresponding to the parameter of the engine running speed of being ordered of engine throttle recess, and the data of the running speed of being ordered are represented in transmission; The parameter of the engine running speed that the monitoring expression is actual; Send the data of representing the real engine running speed; In response to representing data that ordered and engine running speed reality, detect the engine speed of being ordered when to surpass actual engine speed, to set up the instantaneous pattern of motor; During the instantaneous pattern of motor, when the increase of its responding engine throttle valve position, the parameter of monitoring expression engine running is to detect the variation of engine running during the instantaneous pattern of this motor; Send the data of representing engine running to change; And, plan the fuel injection timing of motor in advance according to predetermined timing, to reduce engine emission in response to instantaneous pattern of detection of engine and the engine running variation that detects during the instantaneous pattern of motor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of common V font diesel locomotive motor;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that suppresses the method for diesel engine emissions in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic block diagram of fuel injection timing control system in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic block diagram of fuel injection timing control system in another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 be in an embodiment of the present invention injection timing and the burning between the relation diagrammatic representation.
Wherein the 20-DD-131996 parts list is following:
Embodiment
Fig. 2 utilizes here the electronic fuel-injection system timing system of further discussing to suppress to quicken or load increases the flow chart of the exemplary method of the diesel engine emissions during instantaneous.DENG can be the motor of medium speed, big discharge amount, for example is used for the motor of engine or sea lift vessel.As previously mentioned, DENG often experiences frequent acceleration and/or load increase transient conditions.Can directly select input to require to change the engine speed and/or the loading condiction of this motor through the engine RPM of expectation with the throttling that the horsepower level limits engine operator.Can be by the operator or start the order that increases engine speed and/or load through a series of engine sensors and actuator automatically.For example; When the operator hopes to increase engine speed and/or power; Represent desired gather way and/or the proper signal of power can order fuel injection systems to be unified by this engine-driven load device, in cylinder, reach this engine speed and/or power through spraying more fuel.As stated, quicken or load increase instantaneous during, motor needs more fuel when spraying at every turn, so the endurance that fuel sprays becomes longer.Thus, in fixing injection zero-time later burning takes place, and cause the discharging of more much amount flue dust or particulate.
With reference to figure 2, quicken and/or load increase reduce the discharging of diesel oil transmitter during instantaneous method since the engine running shown in 42.Engine running 42 can be the running with DENG of big cylinder discharge amount, the motor that is generally used for engine 10 for example shown in Figure 1.During engine running 42, the operator can come order engine speed and/or changing load through the position that changes throttle valve or recess selector (notch selector).Perhaps, desired speed can remain unchanged (throttle valve is static), but can be by for example compressor generation of auxiliary source to the order of engine load variation.
The engine's throttling valve position changes and/or engine speed with the throttle valve position that changes detection or engine speed detection step 44 detection DENG.Acceleration or load increase instantaneous operation mode and can occur under the multiple situation.In first kind of technology, the position and the variation of monitoring throttle valve.If throttle valve is moved by the operator, then detecting position and the amount that moves and using it for definite acceleration or load increases instantaneous pattern.
In second kind of technology, actual engine speed and desired engine speed are compared, with speed and/or the load of judging that whether auxiliary device has ordered increases motor.In this second technology, need not move throttle valve and produce the difference between institute's command speed and the actual velocity.The speed that the location recognition of throttle valve is ordered, but do not monitor moving of this throttle valve.
Detecting that throttle valve changes and/or during institute's command speed and actual velocity poor, at the definite operation mode of step 46.In first kind of technology, operation mode determination step 46 is through detecting the direction that throttle valve moves, and will speed up or load instantaneous operation mode of increase and deceleration or load reduce instantaneous operation mode and make a distinction.The intensity of variation of throttle valve position also is used for confirming to quicken or the instantaneous operation mode of load increase.
Under second kind of technology, the one or more operating parameters through monitoring engine detect and quicken or load increases instantaneous pattern.This operating parameters can be that the RPM of fuel firing rate, time per unit changes or the like.For example, if fuel firing rate increases sharply, explain that then current is that acceleration or load increase instantaneous.Be appreciated that existing sensing device can be used for the monitoring engine operating parameters.
Quicken or the instantaneous pattern of load increase if detect, then flow process proceeds to step 48, visits instantaneous injection timing plan and controls fuel injection timing.If not only not detected acceleration but also do not detected load 46 increases instantaneously, then this method adopts steady state spray regularly to plan in step 52, also will further discuss below.In step 48; Instantaneous injection timing be intended for use in quicken or load increase instantaneous during; According to the transient conditions that is detected, shift to an earlier date fuel injection timing through adopting the instantaneous fuel injection timing plan relevant, to reach the minimizing flue dust and the particle emission of expectation with steady-state condition.Under different acceleration or load increase pattern, fuel injection timing or timing change can be different.The intensity of variation of fuel injection timing can depend on the instantaneous intensity of increase of quickening or load.For example, throttle valve being moved to recess 2 from recess 1 maybe be than throttle valve is directly moved to the Timing Advance that recess 8 needs still less from recess 1.Predetermined timing plan can comprise the value that depends on instantaneous mode intensity.Similarly, the size of engine running parameter can be used to select appropriate timing in advance.
In step 50, judge whether reached steady-state condition.If detect the steady state engine running in step 50, then adopt steady state spray regularly to plan in step 52, optimize running of motor steady state and performance thus.If do not reach steady-state condition in step 50, then system proceeds to step 48, and wherein system continues the fuel injection sequence that the instantaneous injection timing plan of use puts rules into practice, to keep the minimizing flue dust and the particle emission of expectation.In case adopt steady state spray regularly to plan in step 52, this method is returned step 44, throttle valve position changes and/or engine speed changes to monitor continuously.Throttle valve changes the variation of expression request speed and/or load.Engine speed changes representes that the assistant load that is switched on or switched off makes the engine speed of expectation change.
Fig. 3 is the schematic block diagram that is used to suppress the example system 60 of diesel engine emissions.System 60 can be used to realize that shown in Figure 2 being used to suppresses the method for diesel engine emissions.System 60 and motor 10 couplings, this motor can be a compression ignition engine, for example the motor among Fig. 1 10.A plurality of sensing devices that system 60 generally includes fuel supply device 62, transport of fuel mechanism 64, fuel injection timing control gear 66 and further discusses here.System 60 can be integrated in the fuel injection system, or with the realization of uniting of the existing fuel injection systems of motor 10.
The engine's throttling valve position with change sensing device 68 detect speed that expression selects to be ordered and/or load from a steady state transform to another, the position and the variation of engine throttle 70.Actual velocity sensing device 76 detects the motor real-world operation speed (engine RPM) relevant with the location of engine throttle 70.Real engine RPM is utilized with the timing generator (not shown) of motor machine crankshaft or camshaft coupling by actual velocity sensing device 76 and confirms.
The instantaneous detection device 72 of the acceleration or the increase of loading uses the input from engine's throttling valve position and mobile sensor device 68 to detect the instantaneous operation mode of increase that quickens or load.Instantaneous detection device 72 also can use from the input of actual engine speed sensing device 76 confirms whether motor has experienced the instantaneous operation mode of increase that quickens or load.For example, if the engine RPM of being ordered is higher than actual predetermined threshold value of engine RPM, then exists and quicken or the instantaneous operation mode of load increase.When this can occur in and not change the engine's throttling valve position and just connect auxiliary device (for example compressor).Continue current example, acceleration or load increase instantaneous detection device 72 and send appropriate signals to fuel injection timing control gear 66 then, adapt to the instantaneous operating condition of acceleration to shift to an earlier date injection timing.The degree that injection timing changes can depend on to be quickened or load increases instantaneous intensity, and can be with different instantaneous patterns difference.
With reference to figure 3, steady state definition and detection device 78 detect whether after instantaneous pattern, reach steady-state condition again.Can through with the engine speed of reality and/or load and the engine speed of being ordered and/or duty ratio, and confirm that its difference confirms steady-state condition under the boundary of being scheduled to.Perhaps, can confirm steady-state condition through the end that detects the scheduled time passage after acceleration or the instantaneous detection of load increase.In the present embodiment, steady state definition and detection device 78 comprise the timer of measuring lapse of time.This scheduled time can increase instantaneous intensity with acceleration or load and change.For example, after highly quickening, possibly need the more time to reach steady state.The technology that another kind is used to detect steady-state condition is, the variance ratio of monitoring transport of fuel, and the steady-state condition when detecting this variance ratio and being lower than a threshold value.In case detect the steady state operating condition, control gear 66 can utilize the look-up table that comprises the steady state spray timing data and carry out suitable fuel and spray, to reach the running of motor steady state and the performance of expectation.
Fig. 4 is the schematic block diagram that is used to suppress the example system 80 of diesel engine emissions.As shown in Figure 4, do not monitor the change in location of throttle valve.Engine throttle 70 provides the speed of being ordered, and actual engine speed sensing device 76 provides actual speed.As stated, if the speed of being ordered surpasses actual velocity one threshold value, then detect and quicken or the instantaneous pattern of load increase.Engine parameter sensor 90 provides one or more engine parameters to acceleration or the instantaneous detection device 72 of load increase.According to speed/actual difference of being ordered and engine parameter, quicken or whether load increases instantaneous detection device 72 and judge to exist and quicken or load increases instantaneous.Although illustrate as separate part, engine parameter sensor 90 can be corresponding to actual velocity sensing device 76, or a part or some other subtense angle of fuel system.
With reference to figure 5, embodiments of the invention with graphics mode be presented at the expression fuel injection timing and the burning between the relation 200 in.The action of single sparger is according to illustrating with the relevant crankangle of top dead center (TDC) of each piston.The action of sparger is by the line that is used for steady-state condition 203 with by being used to quicken or loading to increase by 204 representatives of the line of instantaneous pattern.Similarly, the heat that in cylinder, discharges illustrates according to the crankangle relevant with TDC, and is quickened or load to increase by 204 representatives of the line of instantaneous pattern with being used to by the line that is used for steady-state condition 207. Curve 204 and 208 represent that the embodiment of the invention provides early regularly, producing heat release early, and get rid of later burning, thereby get rid of coal smoke and particle emission about TDC.
In the running, control gear 66 receptions are from the input of above-mentioned various sensors.When control gear 66 confirmed that steady-state condition exists, control gear 66 indication transport of fuel mechanisms 64 followed line 203, and produce the heat release of following line 207.When control gear 66 confirmed to exist acceleration or load to increase instantaneous pattern, control gear 66 adjustment fuel injection timings for example produced the heat release of following line 208 so that follow line 204.Regularly do not having under the situation in advance, the fuel injection point fire is by line 202 representatives, and corresponding heat release illustrates with line 206.Through changing regularly, later burning, coal smoke generation and particle emission have been slowed down.Control gear 66 monitoring sensor input continuously increases existing and/or amplitude of instantaneous pattern to confirm any acceleration relevant with steady-state condition or load, and according to the operation mode correction fuel injection timing of detection and perception.When reaching and detect steady-state condition, control gear 66 turns back to fuel injection timing the steady-state condition of line 203 and 207 representatives.
Though reference example property embodiment has described the present invention, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that without departing from the present invention and can make various modifications, and replace its element with equivalent.In addition, under the situation that does not break away from base region of the present invention, can change in a large number so that particular case or material adapt to aim of the present invention.Therefore, the present invention is not defined as the disclosed specific embodiment that is used for embodiment of the present invention, but comprises all embodiments that fall in the accompanying claims scope.
Claims (19)
1. the method for the fuel injection timing of a DENG (10) that is used for being controlled at railway locomotive; This railway locomotive can be operated through the discontinuous throttle valve recess of engine running speed and power; And the instantaneous pattern of experience load; The load that wherein is applied to motor (10) increases and in engine throttle recess (70), does not increase, and said method comprises:
The monitoring expression is corresponding to the parameter of the engine running speed of being ordered of engine throttle recess (70);
Send the data of representing the engine running speed of being ordered;
The parameter of the running speed of monitoring expression real engine (10);
Send the data of representing the real engine running speed;
One or more operating parameters of motor are provided;
In response to representing data that ordered and engine running speed reality, detect the speed difference that the engine running speed of being ordered surpasses actual engine running speed; Set up the instantaneous pattern of load based on one or more operating parameters of said speed difference and motor; And
In response to setting up the instantaneous pattern of load, shift to an earlier date the fuel injection timing of motor (10) according to predetermined timing plan, to reduce engine emission;
Wherein the operating parameters of motor is that the fuel firing rate of motor or the RPM of time per unit change, and in addition wherein not for setting up the change in location of the instantaneous pattern monitoring engine throttle valve of load.
2. the method for claim 1 wherein selects said fuel injection timing in advance based on the size of engine running parameter.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein said predetermined timing plan comprises a plurality of timing plans.
4. the method for claim 1, the difference amplitude between engine running speed of wherein being ordered and the actual engine speed must be at a predetermined level is exceeded before the fuel injection timing in advance.
5. the method for claim 1, wherein the predetermined instant after the load that increases said motor (10) compares the engine speed of the engine speed of being ordered with reality.
6. the method for claim 1 wherein when actual engine running speed is increased to the speed of being ordered, reduces shifting to an earlier date of said fuel injection timing.
7. the method for claim 1, wherein one or more operating parameters of motor provide from the engine parameter sensor, and said engine parameter sensor is the part of the fuel system of locomotive.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, wherein one or more operating parameters of motor are the fuel firing rates of motor.
9. the method for the fuel injection timing of a DENG (10) that is used for being controlled at railway locomotive; This railway locomotive can be operated through the discontinuous throttle valve recess of engine running speed and power; And experience the instantaneous pattern of motor that wherein increases engine throttle recess (70), said method comprises:
The monitoring expression is corresponding to the parameter of the running speed of the motor of being ordered (10) of engine throttle recess (70);
Send the data of representing the running speed of being ordered;
The parameter of the real-world operation speed of monitoring expression motor (10);
Send the data of representing this real engine running speed;
In response to representing data that ordered and engine running speed reality, detect the engine speed of being ordered when to surpass actual engine speed, to set up the instantaneous pattern of motor;
During the instantaneous pattern of motor, when the increase of its responding engine throttle valve position, the parameter of the running of monitoring expression motor (10) is to detect the variation of engine running during the instantaneous pattern of this motor;
Send the data of representing engine running to change; And
Change in response to instantaneous pattern of detection of engine and the engine running that detects during the instantaneous pattern of motor, shift to an earlier date the fuel injection timing of motor (10) according to predetermined timing plan, to reduce engine emission;
The parameter of wherein representing the running of motor is that the fuel firing rate of motor or the RPM of time per unit change, in addition wherein not for setting up the change in location of the instantaneous pattern monitoring engine throttle valve of load.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein before setting up the instantaneous pattern of motor, the engine speed of being ordered surpasses actual engine speed one prearranging quatity.
11. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the predetermined instant after increasing the engine throttle recess compares engine speed of being ordered and actual engine speed.
12. method as claimed in claim 9 is wherein selected the degree in advance of said fuel injection timing based on the size of engine running parameter.
13. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said predetermined timing plan comprises a plurality of timing plans.
14. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said locomotive comprise engine controlling unit (66), the running of monitoring engine (10) comprising: the data that monitoring engine control gear (66) sends, and during the instantaneous pattern of motor, to change engine running.
15. method as claimed in claim 14, the numerical control of wherein being sent by engine controlling unit (66) is ejected into the fuel quantity of said motor (10).
16. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the running of monitoring engine (10) comprising: the increase of monitoring real engine running speed during the instantaneous pattern of motor.
17. method as claimed in claim 9 wherein when the real engine running speed is increased to the speed of being ordered, reduces shifting to an earlier date of said fuel injection timing.
18. method as claimed in claim 9 representes that wherein the parameter of engine running provides from the engine parameter sensor, said engine parameter sensor is the part of the fuel system of locomotive.
19. method as claimed in claim 18, the parameter of wherein representing engine running are the fuel firing rates of motor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200410045858 CN1699737B (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | Apparatus and method for inhibiting diesel engine emission |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200410045858 CN1699737B (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | Apparatus and method for inhibiting diesel engine emission |
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| CN1699737A CN1699737A (en) | 2005-11-23 |
| CN1699737B true CN1699737B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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| CN 200410045858 Expired - Fee Related CN1699737B (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | Apparatus and method for inhibiting diesel engine emission |
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Granted publication date: 20120704 |