CN1699309A - Process for preparing pentane from light C5 distillate - Google Patents
Process for preparing pentane from light C5 distillate Download PDFInfo
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- CN1699309A CN1699309A CN 200410018519 CN200410018519A CN1699309A CN 1699309 A CN1699309 A CN 1699309A CN 200410018519 CN200410018519 CN 200410018519 CN 200410018519 A CN200410018519 A CN 200410018519A CN 1699309 A CN1699309 A CN 1699309A
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Abstract
Disclosed is a process for preparing pentane from light C5 distillate which comprises the steps of, subjecting light C5 distillate to hydrogenation reaction through catalyst fixed bed, the reaction pressure being 1.0-3.0 MPa, the reaction temperature being 15-35 deg. C, the mol ratio of hydrogen and total amount of unsaturated hydrocarbons in the C5 distillate being 1-5, the liquid hourly space velocity of the material being 1.0-5.0hr-1, the catalyst being loading type using Ni as active component, and using the mixture of Al2O3 and SiO2 as the carrier, passing particulate clay fixed bed at 150-170 deg. C so as to remove the residual unsaturated hydrocarbons, the liquid hourly space velocity of the material being 1.0-5.0hr-1, then removing light distillate through distillation segregation, the tower still temperature being 90-100 deg. C, the tower top temperature being 55-60 deg. C, the absolute pressure in the tower being 0.50-0.60 MPa, the reflux ratio being 2.5-3.5.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of is the method for feedstock production pentane with the lightweight C 5 fraction, and particularly the lightweight C 5 fraction is through hydrogenation with remove the method that unsaturated hydrocarbons prepares pentane.
Background technology
Pentane is generally the mixture of iso-pentane and Skellysolve A, and it is a kind of ideal polystyrene material whipping agent, can be used for replacement fluorine Lyons, because of there is not any destruction in pentane to atmospheric ozone layer.Pentane can also be used as molecular sieve desorbing agent, industrial solvent, extraction agent and industrial chemicals etc. simultaneously, and is very extensive in the chemical field purposes.
In the prior art, pentane utilizes usually and contains C
4～C
6The lighter hydrocarbons of saturated alkane are refining to form, and these lighter hydrocarbons comprise condensate oil, light naphthar and straight-run spirit etc.But because condensate oil and light naphthar are formed complexity, the rectifying separation difficulty, and also residual unsaturated hydrocarbons is more in the finished product.When with straight-run spirit being raw material when separating pentane, because general straight-run spirit hydrogenation and not exclusively, can only produce bromine index equally and be about 100 pentane product, this will influence its use properties.
On the other hand, we know a considerable amount of C 5 fractions of by-product in the process of naphtha steam cracking system ethene, the comprehensive utilization of carbon current 5 distillate most worthy is to separate m-pentadiene, isoprene and the cyclopentadiene of obtaining wherein by the method for physics, and these three kinds of diolefins are very extensive in the field of fine chemical purposes.The composition of C 5 fraction cut is quite complicated, carbon five feed separation that must earlier a part be contained carbon four lighter hydrocarbons before the separation of carrying out diolefin are come out, this part material accounts for 30% of C 5 fraction material total amount, be commonly called the lightweight C 5 fraction, the lightweight C 5 fraction mainly as fuel, is not generally made chemical utilization at present.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method for preparing pentane, the technical problem that it will solve is to utilize existing lightweight C 5 fraction as raw material, prepare pentane by comparatively simple technological process, can improve the utility value of lightweight C 5 fraction first, second can obtain the more good pentane product of quality.
Below be the technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above:
A kind ofly prepare the method for pentane by the lightweight C 5 fraction, this method may further comprise the steps successively:
1) lightweight C 5 fraction material in the presence of hydrogen by the catalyst fixed bed hydrogenation reaction of carrying out, reaction pressure is 1.0～3.0MPa, temperature of reaction is 15～35 ℃, and the mol ratio of unsaturated hydrocarbons total amount is 1～5 in hydrogen and the C 5 fraction material, and the liquid hourly space velocity of reaction mass is 1.0～5.0hr
-1, catalyzer be a kind of be active constituent, Al with Ni
2O
3With SiO
2Mixture be the loaded catalyst of carrier, Ni content is 30～55wt% in the catalyzer;
2) hydrogenation products under 150～170 ℃ temperature by the granular carclazyte fixed bed to remove remaining unsaturated hydrocarbons, the liquid hourly space velocity of material is 1.0～5.0hr
-1
3) hydrogenation products again through rectifying separation to remove light fraction, tower still temperature is 90～100 ℃, tower top temperature is 55～60 ℃, absolute pressure is 0.50～0.60MPa in the tower, reflux ratio is 2.5～3.5.
Above-mentioned steps 1 described reaction pressure is preferably 1.0～2.0MPa; Temperature of reaction is preferably 20～30 ℃; The mol ratio of unsaturated hydrocarbons total amount is preferably 1～3 in hydrogen and the C 5 fraction material; The liquid hourly space velocity of reaction mass is preferably 3.0～5.0hr
-1
The granularity of above-mentioned steps 2 described granular carclazytes is generally 20～60 orders, acidity is generally less than and equals 2.5KOHmg/g, and granular carclazyte fixed bed tamped density is generally 0.65～0.70g/ml.
The hydrogenation catalyst that step 1 adopts adopts coprecipitation method to prepare usually, and after by certain weight ratio aluminium silicate salt and nickel salt being mixed earlier, thermal dehydration is made the material of certain viscosity.After extrusion is shaped, dries, in air, carry out roasting again, make nickel salt resolve into nickel oxide, form molecular sieve, again nickel oxide is reduced to metallic nickel at last.The catalyzer of hydrogenation inactivation can use the way of this area routine to regenerate.
When hydrogenation, be paid attention to hydrogenation reaction heat, too high to prevent reaction bed temperature, otherwise the easy polymerization coking of diolefin in the raw material and alkynes causes life of catalyst to shorten.Shifting out of hydrogenation reaction heat can be taked multiple measure, as feeds cold hydrogen, enters reactor after using behind the hydrogenation material and raw material mixing, and also can shift out reaction heat by using different interchanger.
Still have micro-unsaturated hydrocarbons to exist behind the lightweight carbon Five Classics hydrogenation, its bromine index is about 200ppm.The effect of step 2 is the unsaturated hydrocarbons in the hydrogenation material to be adsorbed with granular carclazyte remove, and the bromine index of material can be reduced to below the 20ppm from 200ppm.
At last, the rectifying separation process by step 3 removes the light fraction in the material, and this light fraction is mainly carbon fourth class light hydrocarbon material.Because the boiling-point difference of light fraction and pentane is very big, the rectifying separation process is very easy.
The contriver is by discovering, though lightweight C 5 fraction composition is very complicated, comparatively simple through forming behind the full hydrogenation, carbon four wherein changes into butane, and chain carbon five and straight chain carbon five hydrogenation respectively are iso-pentane and Skellysolve A.After butane is separated, can obtain the mixture of iso-pentane and Skellysolve A, compare with existing general pentane product, this pentane is the not last running of carbon containing more than six substantially, carbon six content are less than 0.01%, and bromine index≤20 are the good whipping agents that are used for the polystyrene plastic foaming.
The invention has the advantages that and utilize existing lightweight C 5 fraction that improved the economic use value of lightweight C 5 fraction, in addition, the pentane product quality that makes is more good as raw material.
Below will the invention will be further described by specific embodiment.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the process flow sheet of the embodiment of the invention.
Each mark is defined as in the accompanying drawing:
The 1--hydrogenator; The 2--gas-liquid separator; The 3--adsorptive reactor; The 4--rectifying tower; S1--lightweight C 5 fraction material; S2--hydrogenation products material; S3--removes the hydrogenation material of unsaturated hydrocarbons; S4-light fraction material; S4-pentane product.
Embodiment
In an embodiment, the definition of hydrogenation conversion and bromine index is respectively:
The milligram number of the bromine of bromine index=100 gram supplies consumptions
Wherein, unsaturated hydrocarbons content records by gas chromatography in the material, and bromine index adopts chemical titration, the bromine index direct reaction content of unsaturated link(age) in the product.
[embodiment 1～17]
The technical process of preparation process as shown in drawings.
Wherein hydrogenator 1 is a stainless steel tubular type reactor, comprises the reaction tubes of a φ 25mm * 1000mm, filling 100ml catalyzer in the reaction tubes, and catalyzer is active constituent, Al with Ni
2O
3With SiO
2Mixture be carrier, Ni content is 30～55wt%.Reactor bottom filling inert ceramic balls.
Hydrogenation material S2 enters a gas-liquid separator 2 by the hydrogenator bottom, and liquid phase material advances adsorptive reactor 3, removes unsaturated hydrocarbons after the absorption of granular carclazyte.The unreacting hydrogen of being told by gas-liquid separator enters wet gas meter metering back emptying after the variable valve decompression, or compression back Returning reacting system.
The hydrogenation material S3 that removes unsaturated hydrocarbons enters rectifying tower 4 and carries out rectifying separation to remove light fraction, and cat head light fraction material S4 discharges out-of-bounds, obtains product pentane S5 at the bottom of the tower.Control tower still temperature is 90～100 ℃, and tower top temperature is 55～60 ℃, and absolute pressure is 0.50～0.60MPa in the tower, and reflux ratio is 2.5～3.5.
Before charging, earlier use nitrogen replacement, drive the oxygen in the hydrogenator out of, temperature is risen to 430 ℃ again, catalyzer is to activate 5 hours under the condition of 2.0MPa at hydrogen pressure, reacts after the cooling.
In each embodiment, for ease of experiment, material adopts identical liquid hourly space velocity in hydrogenator and adsorptive reactor, and other concrete reaction conditions sees Table 2.
The product pentane is measured hydrogenation conversion and bromine index respectively by gas-chromatography and chemical process, the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 1.
| Component | Content (wt%) |
| The butadiene such as isobutene-1; 3 trans-2-butenes-2 cis-butene-2 3-methyl butene-1 isopentane pentadiene-total the C6 of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae pentone crotonylene amylene-1 2-methyl butene-1 pentane isoprene trans amylene-2 cis amylene-2 2-methyl butene-2 trans pentadiene cyclopentadiene cis pentadiene cyclopentene other C5 of pentamethylene | ????2.66 ????8.31 ????4.04 ????4.65 ????5.518 ????25.556 ????15.325 ????0.0053 ????5.851 ????10.319 ????7.252 ????1.059 ????6.123 ????0.129 ????0.055 ????0.022 ????0.011 ????0.184 ????0.004 ????0.004 ????0.001 ????0.192 ????0.006 |
Table 2.
| Hydrogenation pressure (MPa) | Hydrogenation temperature (℃) | ?H 2/ unsaturated hydrocarbons (mol ratio) | Liquid hourly space velocity (hr -1) | Adsorption temp (℃) | |
| | ????2.0 | ????15 | ????2 | ????4.0 | ????170 |
| | ????2.0 | ????20 | ????2 | ????4.0 | ????160 |
| | ????2.0 | ????25 | ????2 | ????4.0 | ????150 |
| | ????2.0 | ????35 | ????2 | ????4.0 | ????170 |
| | ????1.0 | ????30 | ????2 | ????4.0 | ????170 |
| Embodiment 6 | ????1.5 | ????30 | ????2 | ????4.0 | ????170 |
| Embodiment 7 | ????2.5 | ????30 | ????2 | ????4.0 | ????170 |
| Embodiment 8 | ????3.0 | ????30 | ????1 | ????4.0 | ????170 |
| Embodiment 9 | ????2.0 | ????30 | ????3 | ????4.0 | ????170 |
| Embodiment 10 | ????2.0 | ????30 | ????4 | ????4.0 | ????170 |
| Embodiment 11 | ????2.0 | ????30 | ????5 | ????5.0 | ????170 |
| Embodiment 12 | ????2.0 | ????30 | ????2 | ????3.0 | ????170 |
| Embodiment 13 | ????2.0 | ????30 | ????2 | ????2.0 | ????170 |
| Embodiment 14 | ????2.0 | ????30 | ????2 | ????1.0 | ????170 |
| Embodiment 15 | ????2.0 | ????30 | ????2 | ????4.0 | ????170 |
| Embodiment 16 | ????2.0 | ????30 | ????2 | ????4.0 | ????170 |
| Embodiment 17 | ????2.0 | ????30 | ????2 | ????4.0 | ????170 |
Table 3.
| Diolefin and alkynes hydrogenation conversion (%) | Monoolefin hydrogenation transformation efficiency (%) | Hydrogenation products (S2) bromine index (mg/100g) | Product pentane bromine index (mg/100g) | Product pentane purity (%) | |
| | ????100 | ????97.30 | ????200 | ????15 | ????≥99 |
| | ????100 | ????97.35 | ????190 | ????16 | ????≥99 |
| | ????100 | ????97.47 | ????180 | ????18 | ????≥99 |
| | ????100 | ????97.30 | ????150 | ????13 | ????≥99 |
| | ????100 | ????97.56 | ????200 | ????10 | ????≥99 |
| Embodiment 6 | ????100 | ????97.78 | ????160 | ????15 | ????≥99 |
| Embodiment 7 | ????100 | ????97.80 | ????140 | ????18 | ????≥99 |
| Embodiment 8 | ????100 | ????97.90 | ????120 | ????19 | ????≥99 |
| Embodiment 9 | ????100 | ????97.98 | ????110 | ????17 | ????≥99 |
| Embodiment 10 | ????100 | ????97.88 | ????200 | ????15 | ????≥99 |
| Embodiment 11 | ????100 | ????97.12 | ????200 | ????14 | ????≥99 |
| Embodiment 12 | ????100 | ????97.89 | ????110 | ????19 | ????≥99 |
| Embodiment 13 | ????100 | ????97.80 | ????100 | ????17 | ????≥99 |
| Embodiment 14 | ????100 | ????97.98 | ????110 | ????19 | ????≥99 |
| Embodiment 15 | ????100 | ????97.89 | ????120 | ????18 | ????≥99 |
| Embodiment 16 | ????100 | ????97.85 | ????100 | ????13 | ????≥99 |
| Embodiment 17 | ????100 | ????97.67 | ????100 | ????16 | ????≥99 |
Claims (6)
1, a kind ofly prepare the method for pentane by the lightweight C 5 fraction, this method may further comprise the steps successively:
1) lightweight C 5 fraction material in the presence of hydrogen by the catalyst fixed bed hydrogenation reaction of carrying out, reaction pressure is 1.0～3.0MPa, temperature of reaction is 15～35 ℃, and the mol ratio of unsaturated hydrocarbons total amount is 1～5 in hydrogen and the C 5 fraction material, and the liquid hourly space velocity of reaction mass is 1.0～5.0hr
-1, catalyzer be a kind of be active constituent, Al with Ni
2O
3With SiO
2Mixture be the loaded catalyst of carrier, Ni content is 3 0～55wt% in the catalyzer;
2) hydrogenation products under 150～170 ℃ temperature by the granular carclazyte fixed bed to remove remaining unsaturated hydrocarbons, the liquid hourly space velocity of material is 1.0～5.0hr
-1
3) hydrogenation products again through rectifying separation to remove light fraction, tower still temperature is 90～100 ℃, tower top temperature is 55～60 ℃, absolute pressure is 0.50～0.60MPa in the tower, reflux ratio is 2.5～3.5.
2, the method for preparing pentane according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described reaction pressure of step 1 is 1.0～2.0MPa.
3, the method for preparing pentane according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described temperature of reaction of step 1 is 20～30 ℃.
4, the method for preparing pentane according to claim 1, the mol ratio that it is characterized in that unsaturated hydrocarbons total amount in described hydrogen of step 1 and the C 5 fraction material is 1～3.
5, the method for preparing pentane according to claim 1, the liquid hourly space velocity that it is characterized in that the described reaction mass of step 1 is 3.0～5.0hr
-1
6, the method for preparing pentane according to claim 1, the granularity that it is characterized in that the described granular carclazyte of step 2 is 20～60 orders, acidity≤2.5KOHmg/g, granular carclazyte fixed bed tamped density is 0.65～0.70g/ml.
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| CN101823931A (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2010-09-08 | 天津大学 | Method for deeply processing C5 raffinate raw material separated from diolefin |
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| CN102775264A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-11-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Preparation of pentane through hydrogenation of lightweight C5 fraction |
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| CN104557392B (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2017-07-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of production method of pentane |
| CN109305877A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2019-02-05 | 抚顺伊科思新材料有限公司 | Thick light dydrocarbon produces high alkene light dydrocarbon, pentane, isopentane and pentamethylene method |
| CN111099951A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-05-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Comprehensive utilization method of light carbon five |
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