CN1697579A - Lighting apparatus - Google Patents

Lighting apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1697579A
CN1697579A CN 200510072940 CN200510072940A CN1697579A CN 1697579 A CN1697579 A CN 1697579A CN 200510072940 CN200510072940 CN 200510072940 CN 200510072940 A CN200510072940 A CN 200510072940A CN 1697579 A CN1697579 A CN 1697579A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
luminous
compensating member
brightness
shaped groove
luminous component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN 200510072940
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
别芝范之
石川明幸
竹内范仁
户枝稔
吉田干雄
小池秀儿
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Industries Corp
Original Assignee
Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Ltd filed Critical Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Ltd
Publication of CN1697579A publication Critical patent/CN1697579A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Abstract

A luminescent panel has a light emitting portion for emitting isotropic light and a non-light emitting portion. A brightness compensating member has an incident portion and a light exit portion. The incident portion includes at least one inclined surface that is inclined relative to the light exit portion. The inclined surface is arranged to correspond to the non-light emitting portion. The inclined surface is configured so that the brightness of a section of the brightness compensating member that corresponds to the light emitting portion is substantially equal to the brightness of a section of the brightness compensating member that corresponds to the non-light emitting portion. Therefore, a substantially uniform brightness is obtained from the light exit portion.

Description

Lighting apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to lighting apparatus.Particularly, the present invention relates to have the lighting apparatus of a plurality of luminous plaques, wherein each plate comprises that all electroluminescent cell (EL) for example etc. is used to launch the luminous component of isotropism light and the non-luminous component that is provided with around luminous component (EL element), and this plate is arranged so that non-luminous component is close to each other.
The present invention also relates to have the lighting apparatus of a luminous plaque, wherein this luminous plaque comprises that EL element etc. for example is used to launch the luminous component and the non-luminous component of isotropism light.
Background technology
Traditionally, proposed to have the lighting apparatus of the EL element on the transparent substrates of being arranged on.Also proposed a kind of with the lighting apparatus of this lighting apparatus as backlight liquid crystal display.The large tracts of land EL element there is demand.Yet EL element is extremely thin, and the thickness of EL layer is tens to the hundreds of nanometer.Therefore, be difficult to be formed uniformly and have large-area EL layer.This trial causes output to reduce.
Also propose a kind of by forming the EL display in conjunction with display panel.The EL display does not make the luminous component variation, and makes the joint of display panel be difficult to discover (for example, referring to Japanese pending application publication No.2002-297065).In this EL display, luminescent layer 60a, 60b leave by protective layer 61a, 61b branch, as shown in Figure 16.Closely plate 62a, 62b tilt at the upper and lower surface place.Narrow space between a pair of protective layer 61a, the 61b that face of adhesive 63 filling tight plate 62a, 62b.Adhesive 63 is also filled the space up and down that is positioned at above and below, narrow space.Therefore, closely plate 62a, 62b are bonded to each other, and make the pel spacing (distance between adjacent a pair of luminescent layer 60a, the 60b) of the junction between tight plate 62a, the 62b equal the pel spacing (distance between the distance between each phase adjacency pair of luminescent layer 60a and each phase adjacency pair of luminescent layer 60b) in each of tight plate 62a, 62b.Closely plate 62a, 62b adhere on the protection substrate 64 with adhesive 63.In order to reduce optical defect, will have adhesive near the optical signature of the refractive index of the glass in the visible wavelength region as adhesive 63.For example, ultraviolet curing adhesive or polymeric binder are used as adhesive 63.
In typical organic EL, the interface of some light between the transparent substrates of air and light acquisition side (light extracting side) of the luminous element emission from luminescent layer reflects fully.Fan She light can not effectively be used fully.Many organic ELs (for example, referring to Japanese pending application publication No.2003-347052) that are designed to reduce this shortcoming have been proposed.In the organic EL of this publication, anode 66, hole transport layer 67, luminescent layer 68 and transparent cathode 69 are layered on the substrate 65, as shown in Figure 17.Unshowned diaphragm forms on anode 69.Angle of light changes plate 70 usefulness optical adhesives and adheres on the diaphragm.V-shaped groove 71 forms on the surface of the angle of faces substrate 65 change plate 70.If there is not V-shaped groove 71, then some light by luminescent layer 68 emissions are reflected by luminescent layer surface (light leaves the surface) fully, and collect (trap) in EL element.Yet, because the EL element of Figure 17 has V-shaped groove 71, thus reflect at the interface place between each V-shaped groove 71 and air fully about the light of light-emitting area (light leaves the surface) 70a inclination, thus the angle of light changes.Then light escape in the air.This has improved light and has obtained efficient.
And, proposed to improve the organic EL plate (for example, referring to Japanese pending application publication No.2003-282255) of light utilization efficiency to get a distinct image.Organic EL plate of this publication has had the organic EL of pixel effect.Organic EL forms with matrix, and forms the film on first transparent substrates.Second transparent substrates is positioned on organic EL film.Second transparent substrates is fixed on organic EL film with adhesive layer.On facing the surface of first transparent substrates, except part, form V-shaped groove with lattice corresponding to pixel.Reflectance coating forms on each inclined surface of V-shaped groove.From each organic EL and on second transparent substrates incident and the light that advances towards transparent substrates one side and leave second transparent substrates by one of them reflection of reflectance coating.
The joint of disclosed EL display between tight plate 62a, 62b do not have pixel in Japanese publication publication No.2002-297065.Thereby this joint is not have luminous part.Therefore, equal needn't be from the zone emission corresponding to adhesive 63 from the light corresponding to the brightness of the light of the zone of luminescent layer 60a, 60b emission in brightness.Therefore, for the method that tight plate 62a, 62b are bonded to each other, described publication does not have optical problem.Yet when being applied to the plate in the lighting apparatus that acts on backlight liquid crystal display, this method has following defective.For example, the interface of the light of the emission of the edge towards tight plate 62a, 62b between the inclined side edge of adhesive 63 and tight plate 62a, 62b is reflected, is absorbed or disperseed from luminescent layer 60a, 60b.Equally, the light that passes adhesive 63 is absorbed by adhesive 63 or disperses.As a result, leave the brightness of light of this equipment less than the brightness of leaving the light of this equipment by other zone by the zone of adhesive 63.As a result, closely the border between plate 62a, the 62b thickens.Equally, if crack during the edge of tight plate 62a, 62b that tilts, then crackle will influence this equipment, therefore can not use tight plate 62a, the 62b with crackle.This has just reduced output.
Japan publication publication No.2003-347052 and No.2003-282255 do not have openly or advise the technology of the screen size of any increase organic EL.The purpose of these publications is the light that obtains by the luminescent layer emission, but traditionally can not be obtained owing to reflect (for example, leaving the face place at light) fully.Yet these publications are not open or advise any by making from corresponding to the brightness of the light of the zone emission of the non-luminous component of organic EL and the technology of the identical acquisition lighting apparatus of brightness of the luminous component of EL element.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of lighting apparatus with luminous plaque of a plurality of emission isotropism light, this equipment needn't cut luminous plaque, and uses the light from luminous component effectively, thereby prevents to thicken towards the zone of the non-luminous component between the luminous plaque.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of like this lighting apparatus with luminous plaque, wherein luminous plaque has luminous component and non-luminous component, this luminous component emission isotropism light, this equipment leaves part emission light from light, light leaves the area of the area of part greater than luminous component, in described equipment, the brightness of leaving the zone of part corresponding to the light of luminous component is substantially equal to the brightness of leaving the zone of part corresponding to the light of non-luminous component.
In order to obtain above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of lighting apparatus.Luminous plaque has luminous component and the non-luminous component that is used to launch isotropism light.Brightness compensating member has incident portion (light incident thereon) and light leaves part (light leaves by it).This incident portion comprises that at least one leaves the inclined-plane that part tilts about light.This inclined-plane is set to corresponding to non-luminous component.This inclined-plane is configured so that the brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of luminous component is substantially equal to the brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of non-luminous component.
And, the invention provides a kind of lighting apparatus that comprises a plurality of luminous plaques.Each luminous plaque all has luminous component that is used to launch isotropism light and the non-luminous component that is provided with around luminous component.This luminous plaque is arranged so that non-luminous component is close to each other.Brightness compensating member is made by transparent panel, and is arranged on the side of light by its luminous plaque that leaves, thereby corresponding to luminous plaque.Has the V-shaped groove that extends along non-luminous component towards the surface of the brightness compensating member of luminous plaque.This V-shaped groove forms the brightness that makes corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of luminous component and is substantially equal to brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of non-luminous component.
And, the invention provides a kind of lighting apparatus that comprises the luminous plaque of a plurality of adjacency, wherein each luminous plaque all has luminous component and the auxiliary electrode that is used to launch isotropism light.The top formation auxiliary electrode of each luminous plaque the zone form non-luminous component.Brightness compensating member is made by transparent panel, and is arranged on light by its luminous plaque that leaves one side, thereby corresponding to luminous plaque.The surface of facing the brightness compensating member of luminous plaque has V-shaped groove, and this V-shaped groove is corresponding to non-luminous component.V-shaped groove forms the brightness that makes corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of luminous component and is substantially equal to brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of non-luminous component.
And, the invention provides a kind of lighting apparatus that comprises a plurality of luminous plaques, wherein each luminous plaque all has luminous component that is used to launch isotropism light and the non-luminous component that is provided with around luminous component.Luminous plaque is arranged so that non-luminous component is close to each other.Brightness compensating member is made by transparent panel, and is arranged on light by its luminous plaque that leaves one side, thereby corresponding to luminous plaque.The surface of facing the brightness compensating member of luminous plaque has the V-shaped groove that extends along non-luminous component.V-shaped groove forms the brightness that makes corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of non-luminous component to be increased, near by the brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of luminous component.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by principle of the present invention is described with example, according to following description, other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent.
Description of drawings
Referring to following description and accompanying drawing to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, can understand the present invention and purpose and advantage better, wherein in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 (a) illustrates the fragmentary cross-sectional view that is provided with according to the LCD of the lighting apparatus of the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 1 (b) is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of the luminous plaque shown in Fig. 1 (a);
Fig. 2 is the diagram that the operation of lighting apparatus shown in Fig. 1 (a) is shown;
Fig. 3 is the partial plan that lighting apparatus shown in Fig. 1 (a) is shown;
Fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are used for obtaining the visual angle of the V-shaped groove of lighting apparatus shown in Fig. 1 (a) and the diagram of the relational expression between the drift angle;
Fig. 5 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view that the LCD that is provided with lighting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown;
Fig. 6 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view that the LCD of the lighting apparatus that is provided with a third embodiment in accordance with the invention is shown;
Fig. 7 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view that the LCD of the lighting apparatus that is provided with another a third embodiment in accordance with the invention is shown;
Fig. 8 (a), 8 (b) and 8 (c) are the diagrams between the thickness of the drift angle of visual angle that V-shaped groove is shown, drift angle, second V-shaped groove and brightness compensating member;
Fig. 9 is the plane graph that the lighting apparatus of a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention is shown;
Figure 10 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view that lighting apparatus shown in Fig. 9 is shown;
Figure 11 is the diagram of the relation of visual angle, inclined-plane and thickness that the brightness compensating member of lighting apparatus shown in Fig. 9 is shown;
Figure 12 is the plane graph that luminous plaque according to a fifth embodiment of the invention is shown;
Figure 13 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view that lighting apparatus shown in Figure 12 is shown;
Figure 14 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view that lighting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown;
Figure 15 (a) is the fragmentary cross-sectional view that lighting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown;
Figure 15 (b) is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of luminous plaque shown in Figure 15 (a);
Figure 16 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view that prior art EL display is shown;
Figure 17 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view that another prior art EL display is shown.
Embodiment
Now will be referring to Fig. 1 (a) to the lighting apparatus 12 of 4 (b) description according to the first embodiment of the present invention.Lighting apparatus 12 is backlight as LCD 10.In profile, omitted dash area.
Shown in Fig. 1 (a), on LCD 10 comprises transmissible liquid crystal board 11 and is positioned at liquid crystal board 11 back sides or at the lip-deep lighting apparatus 12 of the side relative with display surface.Lighting apparatus 12 has luminous plaque 13.Each luminous plaque 13 all comprises the luminous component 14 of emission isotropism light and the non-luminous component 15 that is provided with around luminous component 14.Luminous plaque 13 is arranged so that non-luminous component 15 is arranged close to each other.Determine the quantity of luminous plaque 13 according to the size of the size of each luminous plaque 13 and lighting apparatus 12.Luminous plaque 13 is arranged in delegation or multirow.In this embodiment, luminous plaque 13 is arranged in multirow, as shown in Figure 3.In this manual, " emission isotropism light " is meant that the light by 14 emissions of each luminous component equates along each direction intensity.
As shown in Fig. 1 (b), each luminous plaque 13 all comprises transparent substrates 16 and the electroluminescent cell (EL element) that is arranged on the substrate 16, and this EL element is served as luminous component 14.In this embodiment, glass substrate as transparent substrates 16, is used as EL element with organic EL.Each organic EL comprises first electrode 17, organic EL layer 18 and second electrode 19, they with this sequential cascade on transparent substrates 16.Each organic EL is coated with diaphragm 20, thereby organic EL layer 18 is not influenced unfriendly by water (water vapour) and oxygen.In this embodiment, each first electrode 17 forms anode, and each second electrode 19 forms negative electrode.Each organic EL is " bottom emissive type ", and wherein the light from organic EL layer 18 obtains by transparent substrates 16.Therefore, first electrode 17 belongs to the transmittance type, and second electrode 19 belongs to the light reflection-type.Each of first electrode 17, organic EL layer 18, second electrode 19 and diaphragm 20 all has material and the structure that is used in the known organic EL.Can use the only organic EL in the part of visible-range of emission spectrum.
The EL element or the luminous component 14 that form on each transparent substrates 16 need have terminal electrode and connecting line (all not shown), and wherein this connecting line is used for for example external drive circuit connection anode and negative electrode.The EL element setting on each transparent substrates 16 of terminal electrode and connecting line wherein forms EL element on this transparent substrates 16.Even because EL emission light does not have light to leave from described zone, so this zone is referred to as non-luminous component 15 yet.
As shown in Fig. 1 (a), the transparent substrates 16 usefulness adhesives 22 of luminous plaque 13 are connected on the brightness compensating member of being made by transparent panel 21.That is to say that brightness compensating member 21 is positioned on the side of the luminous plaque 13 that light leaves and corresponding to the position of luminous plaque 13." transparent " is meant has radioparent characteristic to the light by the wavelength of luminous component 14 emission, generally speaking, is meant that to visible light transmittance be 70% or more characteristic.Adhesive 22 is ultraviolet curing adhesive or the polymeric binders that have with brightness compensating member 21 same or analogous refractive indexes.Have " similar refractive index " and be meant that the difference of the refractive index between the adhesive 22 and brightness compensating member 21 wherein is not more than the state of a few percent.
Brightness compensating member 21 can be made by any material transparent and that be easy to machining.For example, can use acrylic resin, glass, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or Merlon.In this embodiment, brightness compensating member 21 is by making with the glassy phase of making transparent substrates 16 glass together.
Can be by using mould or making brightness compensating member 21 by the surface of the tabular substrate of machining.
V-shaped groove 23 forms on the surface of the brightness compensating member 21 of facing luminous plaque 13.Each V-shaped groove 23 is in the position corresponding to the zone between the non-luminous component 15 of non-luminous component 15 and adjacent a pair of luminous plaque 13.V-shaped groove 23 is configured so that to be substantially equal to by the brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component 15 by the brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous component 14.In other words, V-shaped groove 23 is configured so that to increase by the brightness of the light that leaves corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component 15, near the brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous component 14.Lighting apparatus 12 is as in the present embodiment backlight of LCD 10 therein, and the state of " being substantially equal to brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component 15 corresponding to the brightness in the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous component 14 " is meant by being not less than 0.8 corresponding to the brightness in the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous component 14 and ratio corresponding to the brightness in the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component 15.As under the situation of general lighting equipment, the state of brightness about equally is meant that brighteness ratio is not less than 0.5 state at lighting apparatus 12.
The inclined-plane 23b of each V-shaped groove 23 is by optical polish, perhaps by minute surface fine finishining.The width A of the openend of V-shaped groove 23 2Width W than the space between the luminous component 14 of corresponding a pair of luminous plaque 13 is wide.That is to say that luminous plaque 13 adheres on the brightness compensating member 21, make that the end of each luminous component 14 is arranged in corresponding V-shaped groove 23 when luminous plaque 13 1 sides are watched brightness compensating member 21.Owing to allow the error in the limit when brightness compensating member 21 carried out machining, with the width A of the openend of each V-shaped groove 23 2Than being to make the width A of openend corresponding to the wide degree set of the width W between the luminous component 14 of two luminous plaques 13 2Narrow unlike width W.
Each V-shaped groove 23 forms and makes the degree of depth A of V-shaped groove 23 1, V-shaped groove 23 the width A of openend 2, the apex angle of V-shaped groove 23, the refractive index N of air 1, brightness compensating member 21 refractive index N 2, and the view angle theta of brightness compensating member 21 satisfy following two expression formulas.
A 1＝A 2/{2tan(α/2)} (1)
θ＝arcsin[(N 2/N 1)sin{90-α/2-arcsin(N 1/N 2)}] (2)
" visual angle " is meant the angle that the normal vector (this normal vector is perpendicular to luminous plaque 13) by the plane of the direction of the most close luminous plaque 13 the non-luminous component 15 sightless directions of each adjacent luminous plaque 13 when brightness compensating member 21 1 sidelights are seen lighting apparatus 12 and the brightness compensating member except V-shaped groove 23 21 limits.Determine the width A of the openend of each V-shaped groove 23 according to the width of each non-luminous component 15 of luminous plaque 13 2The refractive index N of air 1Can not change.Equally, the refractive index N of brightness compensating member 21 2Can not change significantly.Therefore, the degree of depth A of the drift angle of V-shaped groove 23 and V-shaped groove 23 1Roughly according to being the thickness of brightness compensating member 21 to be reduced or giving higher priority with the increase of view angle theta determines.
The operation of the lighting apparatus 12 of configuration as mentioned above below will be described.
When voltage being imposed on first electrode 17 and second electrode 19 by the drive control apparatus (not shown), the luminous component 14 emission light of each luminous plaque 13.Light by luminous component 14 emissions is incident on the brightness compensating member 21 by transparent substrates 16 and adhesive 22.Because the isotropic characteristics of luminous component 14, advancing on the incline direction at the edge of corresponding luminous plaque 13 by transparent substrates 16 by the part of the light of each luminous component 14 emission.Then, as shown in Figure 2, the part that is incident on the light on the brightness compensating member 21 with incline direction is in the reflection of 23b place, the inclined-plane of each V-shaped groove 23, and leaves at the light perpendicular to brightness compensating member 21 on the direction on surface and advance.
Therefore, the brightness that obtains from each zone corresponding to the lighting apparatus 12 of the non-luminous component 15 of adjacent a pair of luminous plaque 13 is with identical from the brightness corresponding to the zone acquisition of the lighting apparatus 12 of luminous component 14.Therefore, prevent to become dim corresponding to the zone of the lighting apparatus 12 of the non-luminous component 15 between luminous plaque 13.Light by brightness compensating member 21 leaves the illumination light that the light that leaves towards liquid crystal board 11 on the surface is used as lighting apparatus 12 effectively.The user of LCD 10 can see the thing that is presented on the liquid crystal board 11 with the illumination light of lighting apparatus 12.
Referring to Fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the step that obtains expression formula (1), (2) will be described now, expression formula defines the relation between the apex angle of the view angle theta of brightness compensating member 21 and V-shaped groove 23.The straight line of the direction of light of leaving from brightness compensating member 21 after view angle theta is left the straight line on surface by the light perpendicular to brightness compensating member 21 and arrived at an inclined-plane 23b of a V-shaped groove 23 from the outside of brightness compensating member 21 with 90 degree incidence angles limits.As shown in Fig. 4 (a), as the degree of depth A of each V-shaped groove 23 1Expression, the width A of the openend of each V-shaped groove 23 2And the drift angle of each V-shaped groove 23 satisfies following expression when representing with α.
tan(α/2)＝(A 2/2)/A 1 (3)
As shown in Fig. 4 (b), with respect to being incident on light on each inclined-plane 23b of each V-shaped groove 23, if to the incidence angle θ of the inclined-plane 23b of V-shaped groove 23 from the outside with 90 degree incidence angles 1Be 90 degree, refraction angle θ 2Expression is represented with γ 1 to the incidence angle of air layer from the light that brightness compensating member 21 is left, then because the snell law satisfies following formula.
N 1sinθ＝N 2sin(γ1) (4)
N 2sin(θ2)＝N 1sin(θ1)＝N 1 (5)
θ2+γ1+α/2＝90 (6)
Therefore, obtain the expression formula (1) of the degree of depth A1 of each V-shaped groove 23 of qualification according to expression formula (3).Obtain to limit the expression formula (2) of view angle theta according to expression formula (4) to (6).
A 1＝(A 2/2){tan(α/2)}＝A 2/{2tan(α/2} (1)
θ＝arcsin[(N 2/N 1)sin{90-α/2-arcsin(N 1/N 2)}] (2)
For example, if at the width A of the openend of each V-shaped groove 23 2During for 2.2mm apex angle is set at 12.5 degree, then view angle theta is about 82 degree, and the degree of depth A of each V-shaped groove 23 1Be 10.0mm.And, if at the width A of the openend of each V-shaped groove 23 2During for 2.2mm apex angle is set at 40 degree, then view angle theta is about 44 degree, and the degree of depth A of each V-shaped groove 23 1Be 3.0mm.Therefore, satisfy the brightness compensating member 21 of expression formula (1) and (2), be easy to suitably determine the apex angle of V-shaped groove 23 and the degree of depth A of V-shaped groove 23 according to the thickness minimizing that gives brightness compensating member 21 or the increase higher priority of view angle theta by formation 1
Present embodiment provides following advantage.
(1) with luminous plaque 13 aligned with each other and combination.Like this, compare, can illuminate big face with the situation of using single luminous plaque.
(2) lighting apparatus 12 comprises each luminous plaque that all has luminous component 14 13 and the non-luminous component 15 that is provided with around luminous component 14, wherein luminous component 14 emission isotropism light.Luminous plaque 13 is arranged so that non-luminous component 15 is close to each other.Brightness compensating member 21 is positioned on the side of the luminous plaque 13 that light leaves and corresponding to the position of luminous plaque 13.V-shaped groove 23 forms on the surface of the brightness compensating member 21 of facing luminous plaque 13.Each V-shaped groove 23 is in the position corresponding to the zone between the non-luminous component 15 of non-luminous component 15 and adjacent a pair of luminous plaque 13.V-shaped groove 23 is configured so that to be substantially equal to by the brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component 15 by the brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous component 14.Therefore, luminous plaque 13 does not need to carry out machining, and effectively uses the light from luminous component 14, thereby prevents to become dim corresponding to the lighting apparatus 12 of the non-luminous component 15 between the luminous plaque 13.
(3) the width A of the openend of each V-shaped groove 23 2Width W than the space between the luminous component 14 of corresponding a pair of luminous plaque 13 is wide.Therefore, even the width A of the openend of each V-shaped groove 23 2Not the width W that accurately equals the space between the luminous component 14 of corresponding luminous plaque 13, in range of allowable error, V-shaped groove 23 is carried out machining and can prevent non-luminous component 15 as seen yet.In other words, linear dim part does not appear on the lighting apparatus 12.
(4) the inclined-plane 23b of each V-shaped groove 23 or by optical polish, perhaps by minute surface fine finishining.Therefore, do not compared, reduced because the decay that scattering and absorption cause by optical polish or the accurately machined situation of minute surface with the inclined-plane 23b of each V-shaped groove 23.Like this, increased the amount of leaving the light that side leaves by V-shaped groove 23 reflection and the light by brightness compensating member 21.That is to say, effectively use light by luminous component 14 emissions.
(5) each V-shaped groove 23 forms and makes the degree of depth A of V-shaped groove 23 1, V-shaped groove 23 the width A of openend 2, the apex angle of V-shaped groove 23, the refractive index N of air 1, brightness compensating member 21 refractive index N 2, and view angle theta satisfy following two expression formulas.
A 1＝A 2/{2tan(α/2)} (1)
θ＝arcsin[(N 2/N 1)sin{90-α/2-arcsin(N 1/N 2)}] (2)
Therefore, be easy to suitably determine the apex angle of V-shaped groove 23 and the degree of depth A of V-shaped groove 23 according to the thickness minimizing that gives brightness compensating member 21 or the increase higher priority of view angle theta 1
(6) luminous plaque 13 utilizes adhesive 22 to adhere on the brightness compensating member 21.Therefore, compare near the liquid or the structure of gel between luminous plaque 13 and brightness compensating member 21 of transparent substrates 16 and brightness compensating member 21, be convenient to assemble luminous plaque 13 and brightness compensating member with refractive index.
(7) luminous component 14 is formed by EL element.Therefore, be easy to form or be easy to obtain launch the luminous component 14 of isotropism light.
(8) luminous component 14 is formed by organic EL.Therefore, compare, with low voltage driven for emitting lights part with the situation of using inorganic EL element.
(9) lighting apparatus 12 is used as the backlight of LCD 10.Therefore reduced the irregularity in brightness in the big screen LCD 10.
To the second embodiment of the present invention be described referring to Fig. 5 now.The difference of the lighting apparatus of present embodiment and first embodiment is that the equipment 12 of present embodiment is suitable for being used in the colour liquid crystal display device.Particularly, the lighting apparatus 12 of second embodiment and the difference of first embodiment are, luminous component 14 emission white lights, and the light of same color leaves the surface from the overall optical of brightness compensating member 21 and leaves.Represent the parts similar or identical with similar or same reference numerals, and omit detailed description thereof with the corresponding component of first embodiment.Fig. 5 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view that LCD 10 is shown.
The organic EL layer 18 (referring to Fig. 1 (b)) that forms the organic EL of luminous component 14 is configured to launch white light.Also can be with one of them of a kind of conventional construction as the structure that is used to launch white light.Such structure comprises: the individual layer two dimension is divided into the structure of small part, and each small part red-emitting, green glow or blue light respectively wherein, thus this layer is launched white light generally; Wherein distinguish the folded layer by layer of red-emitting, green glow or blue light, thereby stacked layer is launched white light on the whole; And wherein redness, green and blue pigment are dispersed in main body (host molecule) or the polymer molecule.
On the surface in the face of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous plaque 13, diffusion part 24 is arranged on the surface of the brightness compensating member 21 that forms V-shaped groove 23 in the zone except V-shaped groove 23, and diffusion disk 25 usefulness adhesives 22 and brightness compensating member 21 optics are integrated.Each diffusion disk 25 all has the diffusing surface 25a in the face of corresponding luminous plaque 13.Diffusion disk 25 forms diffusion part 24.The integrated state of each diffusion disk 25 and brightness compensating member 21 optics is meant that the minimum air is present in the state between diffusion disk 25 and the brightness compensating member 21, or the refractive index of the material that uses in adhesive 22 or the adhesive equal brightness compensating member refractive index or with the difference of the refractive index of brightness compensating member within a few percent.Brightness compensating member 21 is arranged so that the space is present between each diffusion part 24 and the corresponding luminous plaque 13.In the present embodiment, another diffusion part (diffusion disk 25) adheres to surface (surface of transparent substrates 16) in the face of each luminous plaque 13 of brightness compensating member 21 with adhesive 22.The diffusing surface 25a of the diffusion disk 25 on each luminous plaque 13 is in the face of brightness compensating member 21.Brightness compensating member 21 is arranged so that diffusion part 24 is placed on the diffusion disk 25 on the luminous plaque 13.
The operation of the lighting apparatus 12 of structure as mentioned above will be described below.When driven for emitting lights part 14, luminous component 14 emission white lights.White light leaves from lighting apparatus 12 by diffusion disk 25 and brightness compensating member 21.Believe that the direct linear travel by luminous component 14 emissions has different colours (wavelength) to the light of brightness compensating member 21 and the light that in an inclined direction advances.Therefore, transparent substrates 16, adhesive 22 and the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous plaque 13 by the refractive index and first embodiment in the material of same or similar (in a few percent) make, different by each inclined-plane 23b reflection of each V-shaped groove 23 and the color of leaving light by brightness compensating member 21 with color by the part left corresponding to the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous component 14.As a result, corresponding to the color in the zone in the space between the non-luminous component 15 of the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component 15 and every pair of adjacent luminous plaque 13 and other regional color by brightness compensating member 21.Therefore, if lighting apparatus 12 is used as the backlight of colour liquid crystal display device 10, then be presented at the image section color fault on the LCD.
Yet in a second embodiment, diffusion part 24 is arranged on the zone in the face of the surface of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous plaque 13 except V-shaped groove 23.Between each diffusion part 24 and corresponding luminous plaque 13, there is the space.Therefore, the light that leaves each luminous plaque 13 is incident on the brightness compensating member 21 by air layer.Because the refractive index of air is 1.0, the refractive index of transparent substrates 16 is 1.5, thus because the Snell law, at the refraction angle of air layer greater than the incidence angle of light from luminous plaque 13 to air layer.Like this, be incident on hardly on the brightness compensating member 21 with the light that big incidence angle is incident on the air layer from luminous plaque 13, and the light of launching forward from each luminous plaque 13, (promptly along the light of launching on the direction of the thickness of brightness compensating member 21) easily is incident on the brightness compensating member 21.The light of launching forward from luminous plaque 13 has multiple color, and is equal to each other corresponding to the brightness of the optical device of different colours respectively.Because this light is in the 24 places diffusion of diffusion part, be incident on the brightness compensating member 21, so become and equate by color corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous component 14 by the color of the light of the V-shaped groove reflection color of the zone in the space between the non-luminous component 15 of the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component 15 and luminous plaque 13 (that is, corresponding to).
Except the advantage (1) to (5) of first embodiment and (7) to (9), second embodiment has the following advantages.
(10) organic EL layer 18 is configured to launch white light.Therefore, when as backlight liquid crystal display, lighting apparatus 12 can be applicable to use the full-color display of colour filter.
(11) on the surface in the face of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous plaque 13, diffusion part 24 is arranged in the zone except V-shaped groove 23.Brightness compensating member 21 is arranged so that between each diffusion part 24 and corresponding luminous plaque 13 and has the space.Therefore, if different to the color of light that light leaves the surface from luminous component 14 with the color of the light that in an inclined direction advances by transparent substrates 16 direct linear travel, then the light that reflects by V-shaped groove 23 or by the light that leaves corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component with identical by the light color that leaves corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous component 14.As a result, as under the situation backlight of colour liquid crystal display device 10, prevent that the image on the LCD from showing part color fault at lighting apparatus 12.
(12) diffusion part 24 has diffusion disk 25, and the surface optical of this diffusion disk and the brightness compensating member 21 on a side that forms V-shaped groove 23 is integrated.Diffusing surface 25a is in the face of luminous plaque 13.Therefore, the lip-deep situation that is formed directly into the luminous plaque 13 of brightness compensating member 21 with diffusion part 24 is compared, and is easy to form diffusion part 24.
(13) diffusion disk 25 is connected on the luminous plaque 13.The diffusing surface 25a of the diffusion disk 25 on each luminous plaque 13 (serving as the diffusion part) is in the face of brightness compensating member 21.Therefore, compare with the situation that diffusion disk 25 is not arranged on the luminous plaque 13, the brightness of the light that leaves from luminous plaque 13 increases, and is incident on the brightness compensating member 21.
To the third embodiment of the present invention be described referring to Fig. 6 to 8 (c) now.The difference of the 3rd embodiment and first embodiment is that brightness compensating member 21 has the structure that is used to reduce its thickness.Other structure is identical with first embodiment.Represent the parts similar or identical with similar or same reference numerals, and omit detailed description thereof with the corresponding component of first embodiment.Fig. 6 and 7 is fragmentary cross-sectional views that LCD 10 is shown.
As shown in Fig. 6 and 7, brightness compensating member 21 has second V-shaped groove 26.Each second V-shaped groove 26 all forms in the above in the zone of brightness compensating member 21 of V-shaped groove 23 and forms.Particularly, each second V-shaped groove 26 all with in the face of forming on the surperficial facing surfaces of luminous plaque 13, and in the face of corresponding first V-shaped groove 23.As shown in Fig. 6 and 7, be referred to as illusion plane P 1 perpendicular to each luminous plaque 13 and the plane that is parallel to V-shaped groove 23 and comprises the deepest part 23a of V-shaped groove 23.Each second V-shaped groove 26 can form and make its deepest part 26a be arranged in as shown in Figure 6 corresponding illusion plane P 1, or makes deepest part 26a not be arranged in corresponding illusion plane P 1 as shown in Figure 7.
With the first embodiment identical construction in, wherein each V-shaped groove 23 forms a luminous plaque 13 in the face of brightness compensating member 21, the degree of depth A of V-shaped groove 23 1Or the thickness of brightness compensating member 21 increases along with the increase of view angle theta, although the increase degree depends on the width A of the openend of V-shaped groove 23 2Refractive index N with brightness compensating member 21 2As a result, even the thickness of luminous plaque 13 reduces, the thickness of whole lighting apparatus 12 also increases.For example, if with the refractive index N of brightness compensating member 21 2Be set at 1.492, the width A of openend 2Be set at 2.2mm, then be about the degree of depth A of 82 V-shaped grooves 23 when spending when view angle theta 1Be 10mm.
In the 3rd embodiment, because second V-shaped groove 26 is formed on the surface with the surperficial relative brightness compensating member 21 of top formation V-shaped groove 23, so for same view angle, the degree of depth A of V-shaped groove 23 1Can reduce.Correspondingly, the thickness of brightness compensating member 21 reduces.For the brightness compensating member 21 of same thickness, the visual angle can increase.
Referring to Fig. 8 (a), 8 (b) and 8 (c), now explanation is used to calculate the step of the view angle theta and the expression formula of the thickness of setting brightness compensating member 21.As shown in Fig. 8 (a) and 8 (c), the expression formula that is used for brightness compensating member 21 downsides is identical with first embodiment, and satisfies expression formula (3), (5) and (6).Yet in expression formula (6), γ 1 expression is incident on the angle that the normal of the lower surface of light on the inclined-plane 23b of V-shaped groove 23 and brightness compensating member 21 limits with 90 degree incidence angles by the outside from brightness compensating member 21.
tan(α/2)＝(A 2/2)/A 1 (3)
N 2sin(θ2)＝N 1sin(θ1)＝N 1 (5)
θ2+γ1+α/2＝90 (6)
Upper surface about brightness compensating member 21, represent that with θ 3 drift angle of each second V-shaped groove 26 is represented with β, and the refraction angle is represented with θ 4 if be incident on the incidence angle of the light on the air layer at the inclined-plane of each V-shaped groove 26 26b, then because the Snell law satisfies following formula.
N 1sin(θ4)＝N 2sin(θ3) (7)
Referring to Fig. 8 (a) and 8 (b), the width B 2 of the openend of incidence angle θ 3, angle γ 1, the depth B 1 of leaving angle θ 4, view angle theta, apex angle ss, each second V-shaped groove 26 and each V-shaped groove 26 satisfies following formula.
θ3＝γ1+(90-β/2) (8)
θ＝θ4-(90-β/2) (9)
tan(90-β/2)＝B 1/(B 2/2)＝2B1/B 2 (10)
The apex angle ss of each V-shaped groove 26 is defined as the feasible following formula that satisfies.
tan(γ/1)＝(B 2-A 2)/(2C) (11)
C＝A 1+AB+B 1 (12)
Therefore, for example,, then determine the degree of depth A of each V-shaped groove 23 according to expression formula (3), (5) and (6) in case determine the apex angle of V-shaped groove 23 1, refraction angle 2 and angle 1.If determine view angle theta, then obtain the apex angle ss of V-shaped groove 26 according to expression formula (7), (8) and (9).Then, obtain the thickness C of brightness compensating member 21 according to expression formula (10), (11) and (12).
As mentioned above, by the V-shaped groove 23 and second V-shaped groove 26 are set in brightness compensating member 21, for the brightness compensating member 21 of same thickness, view angle theta can increase, and for same view angle θ, the thickness of brightness compensating member 21 can reduce.In described structure, if the radius of curvature of each drift angle of the V-shaped groove 23 and second V-shaped groove 26 is greater than 0.05mm, the formation V-shaped groove 23 and second V-shaped groove 26 make the deepest part 26a of each second V-shaped groove 26 be present on the corresponding illusion plane P 1 can cause defective.Reason is as follows.Under the situation of radius of curvature greater than 0.05mm of each drift angle of the V-shaped groove 23 and second V-shaped groove 26, flat forms at each place of deepest part 23a, 26a.Therefore, when the light from lighting apparatus 12 leaves sidelight and sees brightness compensating member 21, because deepest part 23a, 26a aim at, so dim line appears at the part place corresponding to the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component 15.Yet, if as shown in Figure 7, when the light from lighting apparatus 12 left side and watches brightness compensating member, deepest part 23a, the 26a of the V-shaped groove 23 and second V-shaped groove 26 do not aim at, and then An Dan line does not appear at the part place corresponding to the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component 15.
Except the advantage (1) of first embodiment to (9), the 3rd embodiment has the following advantages.
(14) each second V-shaped groove 26 forms in the above in the zone of brightness compensating member 21 of V-shaped groove 23 and forms.Particularly, each second V-shaped groove 26 with in the face of forming on the surperficial facing surfaces of luminous plaque 13.Compare with the structure that does not have second V-shaped groove 26,, can reduce the thickness of brightness compensating member 21 for same view angle.
(15) in the embodiment shown in Fig. 7, the deepest part 26a of each second V-shaped groove 26 is perpendicular to each luminous plaque 13, is parallel to V-shaped groove 23 and comprises on the illusion plane P 1 of deepest part 23a of corresponding V-shaped groove 23.Therefore, though the radius of curvature of each drift angle of the V-shaped groove 23 and second V-shaped groove 26 greater than 0.05mm, when the light from luminaire 12 left side and watches luminance compensation element 21, each deepest part 23a and corresponding deepest part 26a did not aim at.Therefore, An Dan line does not appear at the part place corresponding to the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component 15.
To the fourth embodiment of the present invention be described referring to Fig. 9 to 11 now.The difference of the embodiment of present embodiment and front is, a luminous plaque 13 only is set, rather than a plurality of luminous plaque 13.Other structure is identical with the second and the 3rd embodiment.Represent similar or identical parts of corresponding component with the embodiment of front with similar or same reference numerals, and omit detailed description thereof.Fig. 9 is the plane graph that lighting apparatus is shown, and Figure 10 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view that lighting apparatus is shown.
As shown in Figure 9, lighting apparatus 12 comprises single luminous plaque 13 and brightness compensating member 21.With identical among first embodiment, organic electroluminescent (EL) element that luminous plaque 13 comprises transparent substrates 16 and forms on transparent substrates 16, this EL element is served as planar light emitting.Luminous plaque 13 further comprises the luminous component 14 and the non-luminous component 15 of emission isotropism light.That is to say that luminous component 14 is formed by organic EL.In the present embodiment, non-luminous component 15 is corresponding to around the part of luminous component 14 or the peripheral part of luminous plaque 13.As shown in Figure 10, when when the top is seen, brightness compensating member 21 is set to cover luminous component 14 and non-luminous component 15.Brightness compensating member 21 comprises that incident portion 29 and light leave (exit) part 30.Incident portion 29 comprises about light leaves the single inclined-plane 27 that part 30 tilts.Inclined-plane 27 is arranged in the part that non-photo-emission part corresponding to luminous plaque 13 divides 15 brightness compensating member 21.In the present embodiment, inclined-plane 27 is arranged in the peripheral part of brightness compensating member 21.Inclined-plane 27 is configured so that the brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous component 14 is substantially equal to the brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component 15.
Inclined-plane 27 or by optical polish or by minute surface fine finishining.As shown in Figure 11, in the time of on projecting luminous plaque 13, the width A on inclined-plane 27 is wideer than the width of non-luminous component 15.
With identical among second embodiment, luminous component 14 is formed by organic EL, comprises the organic EL layer 18 that is used to launch white light.
On the surface in the face of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous plaque 13, diffusion part 24 is arranged in the zone except inclined-plane 27.By diffusion disk 25 is connected on the brightness compensating member 21, form diffusion part 24.Diffusion disk 25 also is connected on the surface in the face of the brightness compensating member 21 of transparent substrates 16.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of view angle theta, inclined-plane 27 and thickness C that brightness compensating member is shown.For the ease of illustrating, omit diffusion part 24 and other parts.Inclined-plane 27 form make from the inclined-plane 27 far-end (a end) from luminous plaque 13 inclined-plane 27 farthest to luminous plaque 13 apart from a 1, when projecting luminous plaque 13 inclined-plane 27 width A, by inclined-plane 27 and the angle d, the air refraction N that limit perpendicular to the plane P 2 of luminous plaque 13 1, brightness compensating member refractive index N 2, and view angle theta satisfy following two expression formulas.
a 1＝A/tand (21)
θ＝arcsin[(N 2/N 1)sin{90-d-arcsin(N 1/N 2)}] (22)
The light that second inclined-plane 28 is arranged on brightness compensating member 21 leaves on the part 30.Second inclined-plane 28 tilts about incident portion 29.Second inclined-plane 28 forms corresponding to inclined-plane 27.
In inclined-plane 27 is arranged on structure on the incident portion 29 of brightness compensating member 21, from the inclined-plane 27 far-end to luminous plaque 13 apart from a 1, that is, the thickness C of brightness compensating member 21 increases along with the increase of view angle theta.The increase degree depends on the projection width A and the refractive index N of brightness compensating member 21 2As a result, even reduce the thickness of luminous plaque 13, the thickness of whole lighting apparatus 12 also increases.For example, if the refractive index N of brightness compensating member 21 2Be 1.492, projection width A is 2.2mm, then is about 82 when spending when view angle theta, apart from a 1To be 10mm.
In the present embodiment, second inclined-plane 28 light that is arranged on brightness compensating member 21 leaves on the part 30.Therefore, compare with the situation that does not form second inclined-plane 28, apart from a 1Can reduce, for same view angle θ, the thickness C of brightness compensating member 21 can reduce.For the same thickness C of brightness compensating member 21, can increase view angle theta.
Referring to Figure 11, now explanation is used to obtain to calculate the step of the view angle theta and the expression formula of the thickness C that brightness uncommon 21 is set.In the present embodiment, the degree of depth A of each V-shaped groove 23 1, each V-shaped groove 23 the width A of openend 21/2,1/2 the using apart from a respectively of the apex angle of each V-shaped groove 23 1, projection width A, by inclined-plane 27 and the angle d replacement that limits perpendicular to the plane of luminous plaque 13.Therefore, satisfy expression formula (23), (24), rather than the expression formula of first embodiment (3), (5).Yet in expression formula (24), γ 1 expression is by being incident on the angle that the normal of the lower surface of light on the inclined-plane 27 and brightness compensating member 21 limits from the outside of brightness compensating member 21 with the incidence angles of 90 degree.
tand＝A/α 1 (23)
θ2+γ1+d＝90 (24)
Upper surface about brightness compensating member 21, if be incident on the incidence angle of the light on the air layer represents with θ 3 on second inclined-plane 28, represent with b by second inclined-plane 28 with perpendicular to the angle that the plane P 2 of luminous plaque 13 limits, and light leaves angle (refraction angle) and represents with θ 4, then because the Snell law satisfies following formula.
N 1sin(θ4)＝N 2sin(θ3) (25)
Incidence angle θ 3, angle γ 1, leave angle θ 4, visual angle, angle b, distance b 1, be incident upon the width B that comprises second inclined-plane 28 on this plane of leaving the surface and satisfy following formula from the far-end on second inclined-plane 28 to the plane of leaving the surface that comprises brightness compensating member 21.
θ3＝γ1+(90-b) (26)
θ＝θ4-(90-b) (27)
tan(90-b)＝b 1/B (28)
Be defined as by second inclined-plane 28 with perpendicular to the angle b that the plane P 2 of luminous plaque 13 limits and make and satisfy following formula, promptly, the light that makes near-end 27b by inclined-plane 27 be incident on the brightness compensating member 21 leaves from the near-end on second inclined-plane 28, simultaneously predetermined angle γ 1.
tan(γ1)＝(B-A)/C (29)
C＝a 1+b 1 (30)
Except advantage (8) and (9) of first embodiment, the advantage of second embodiment (10) is outside (13), and the 4th embodiment has the following advantages.
(16) lighting apparatus 12 comprises luminous plaque 13 and brightness compensating member 21.Electroluminescence (EL) element that luminous plaque 13 comprises transparent substrates 16 and forms on transparent substrates 16.Luminous plaque 13 also comprises the luminous component 14 and the non-luminous component 15 of emission isotropism light.Brightness compensating member 21 comprises that incident portion 29 and light leave part 30.Incident portion 29 comprises about light leaves the single inclined-plane 27 that part 30 tilts.Inclined-plane 27 is arranged in the part of dividing 15 luminous plaque 13 corresponding to non-photo-emission part, makes brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous component 14 be substantially equal to the brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component 15.Therefore, light leaves part 30 and obtains roughly brightness uniformly, wherein leaves the area of the area of part 30 greater than luminous component 14 from this light.That is, because light reflected fully by inclined-plane 27, so be substantially equal to brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component 15 corresponding to the brightness in the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous component 14.Inclined-plane 27 is arranged on the part in the face of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous plaque 13.Particularly, inclined-plane 27 is arranged on the part corresponding to non-luminous component 15.
(17) diffusion part 24 forms on the part of the brightness compensating member except incident portion 29 21.Between diffusion part 24 and luminous plaque 13, there is the space.The light that sends to luminous plaque 13 front portions or have multiple color along the light of launching on the direction of the thickness of brightness compensating member 21, and be equal to each other corresponding to the brightness of the optical device of different colours respectively.Light is incident on the brightness compensating member 21 in the 24 places diffusion of diffusion part.Therefore, become by the color of the light of the inclined-plane 27 reflection color of the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component 15 (that is, corresponding to) and equate with color corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous component 14.
(18) the width A that is incident upon the inclined-plane 27 on the luminous plaque 13 is wideer than non-luminous component 15.If it is narrower than the width of non-luminous component 15 to be incident upon the width A on the inclined-plane 27 on the luminous plaque 13, then when the light from lighting apparatus 12 left side and watches brightness compensating member 21, non-luminous component 15 was visible.If make the width A that is incident upon the inclined-plane 27 on the luminous plaque 13 accurately equate, then will hide non-luminous component 15 with the width of the non-luminous component 15 of luminous plaque 13., machining is very difficult.Yet, in the present embodiment, owing to make the width A be incident upon the inclined-plane 27 on the luminous plaque 13 wideer than non-luminous component 15, so hide non-luminous component 15.That is to say, prevent of the line appearance of the part in dim zone as dimness.
(19) inclined-plane 27 forms feasible satisfy expression formula (21) and (22).Therefore, be easy to reduce or the increase higher priority of view angle theta according to the thickness that gives brightness compensating member 21, suitably determine the angle d that limits by inclined-plane 27 with perpendicular to the plane P 2 of luminous plaque 13 and from the inclined-plane 27 far-ends to luminous plaque 13 apart from a 1
(20) inclined-plane 27 is by optical polish or by minute surface fine finishining.Therefore, with inclined-plane 27 not only not by optical polish but also do not compared by the accurately machined situation of minute surface, reduced because scattering and absorb the decay that causes.Like this, increased the amount of leaving the light that part 30 leaves by inclined-plane 27 reflection and the light by brightness compensating member 21.Therefore, effectively use the light of launching by luminous component 14.
(21) light of brightness compensating member 21 leaves part 30 and comprises single second inclined-plane 28 that tilts about incident portion 29 and second inclined-plane 28 that forms in the position corresponding to inclined-plane 27.Compare with the situation that does not have second inclined-plane 28,, can reduce the thickness of brightness compensating member 21 for same view angle θ.
To the fifth embodiment of the present invention be described referring to Figure 12 and Figure 13 now.The difference of the 5th embodiment and first to fourth embodiment is that the part that forms auxiliary electrode 31 above forms non-luminous component 35.Represent similar or identical parts of corresponding component with the embodiment of front with similar or same reference numerals, and omit detailed description thereof.Figure 12 is the plane graph that luminous plaque 13 is shown, and Figure 13 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view that luminous plaque 13 is shown.
Luminous component 14 is formed by organic electroluminescent device.Transparent first electrode 17 is arranged on the side of luminous component 14 at transparent substrates 16 places.Transparency electrode is made by tin indium oxide (ITO) or zinc oxide (ZnO) for instance.Because the resistance value of transparency electrode is not fully low, so increasing near the resistance value at the part place of bonder terminal (not shown) with in difference away from the resistance value at the part place of this terminal.Therefore, the current value by organic EL layer 18 alters a great deal.When the area of transparency electrode increased, the current value by organic EL layer 18 in different piece increased.Because the brightness of organic EL is influenced by current value, so brightness is with inhomogeneous.In order to suppress the inhomogeneities of brightness, auxiliary electrode 31 is arranged on transparent first electrode 17.
Auxiliary electrode 31 forms on transparent substrates 16.First electrode 17 forms and covers auxiliary electrode 31.Auxiliary electrode 31 is electrically connected on first electrode 17.Auxiliary electrode 31 has the resistance that is lower than first electrode 17, and is made by metal or alloy such as for example aluminium.Because auxiliary electrode 31 is opaque, form non-luminous component 35 corresponding to the part of the brightness compensating member 21 of auxiliary electrode 31.As shown in Figure 13, brightness compensating member 21 comprises V-shaped groove 34, and this V-shaped groove 34 comprises two inclined-planes 32,33 with different incline directions.V-shaped groove 34 is set to the non-luminous component 35 corresponding to auxiliary electrode 31.
Transparent auxiliary electrode 31 is made by the material that volume resistivity is lower than metal electrode.Therefore, if the area of luminous component 14 increases under the situation that does not form auxiliary electrode 31, then increase in the variation of different piece by the current density of the electric current of organic EL layer, this causes brightness irregularities.Yet in the present embodiment, auxiliary electrode 31 is set to be electrically connected to the state of transparency electrode 17.The variation that this has reduced the electric current answer to a riddle in the zones of different of luminous component 14 has suppressed the irregularity in brightness of whole luminous component 14.
Because auxiliary electrode 31 is opaque, auxiliary electrode 31 only is set prevents that the light corresponding to the brightness compensating member 31 of auxiliary electrode 31 from leaving the part dimness on surface.Yet, because brightness compensating member 21 has V-shaped groove 34 in the location corresponding to auxiliary electrode 31, so be substantially equal to brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of non-luminous component 35 corresponding to the brightness in the zone of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous component 14.
Therefore present embodiment has the following advantages.
(22) auxiliary electrode 31 is electrically connected to transparent first electrode 34.Compare with the situation that auxiliary electrode 31 is not set, this has reduced the brightness disproportionation evenness of whole lighting apparatus 12.
(23) brightness compensating member 21 comprises V-shaped groove 34, and this V-shaped groove 34 comprises two inclined-planes 32,33 with different incline directions.V-shaped groove 34 is set to the non-luminous component 35 corresponding to auxiliary electrode 31.Therefore, in the present embodiment, the non-luminous component 35 that makes auxiliary electrode 31 produce is difficult to perceive.
The present invention can be embodied as following form.
In a second embodiment, by diffusion disk 25 being connected on the surface in the face of the brightness compensating member 21 of luminous plaque 13, form diffusion part 24.Diffusion part 24 is arranged in the zone except that V-shaped groove 23.On the contrary, as shown in Figure 14, each can directly form on the surface of the brightness compensating member 21 of facing luminous plaque 13 in the diffusion part 24.And, diffusion part 24 can the 4th embodiment in disclosed mode be provided with.
In the second and the 4th embodiment, can remove the diffusion disk 25 on the luminous plaque 13.
In the second and the 4th embodiment, the brightness compensating member 21 that will have diffusion part 24 is placed on the luminous plaque 13.Replace this structure, brightness compensating member 21 also can be configured to and makes diffusion part 24 separate with luminous plaque 13 fully.
Transparent substrates 16 and brightness compensating member 21 need not made by glass, can be made by any transparent material yet.For example, transparent substrates 16 and transparent brightness compensating member 21 can be formed from a resin.
Wherein the structure of the 3rd embodiment that forms on brightness compensating member 21 of second V-shaped groove 26 can be applicable to the second and the 5th embodiment.That is to say that in the second and the 5th embodiment, second V-shaped groove 26 can form in the zone corresponding to the V-shaped groove 23,24 of brightness compensating member 21.
The organic EL that forms luminous component 14 does not need to have the structure by transparent substrates 16 emissions.On the contrary, as shown in Figure 15 (a), can use from the radiative top emission structure organic EL of a side relative with transparent substrates 16.In each luminous plaque 13, transparent substrates 16 is positioned on the side of the luminous component 14 relative with brightness compensating member 21.Organic EL has first electrode 17 and transparent second electrode 19.First electrode 17 or the transparency electrode, or opaque electrode.Transparent substrates 16 can replace with opaque substrate.If use the top emission structure organic EL, then because organic EL is faced brightness compensating member 21, so brightness compensating member 21 and luminous plaque 13 need fitted to be the feasible organic EL that do not damage.
Have with the 4th embodiment under the situation of lighting apparatus 12 of identical single luminous plaque 13, with identical among first embodiment, this equipment 12 can be configured to not have the diffusion part 24 or second V-shaped groove 26.
Be provided with in the structure of auxiliary electrode 31 as among the 5th embodiment, can changing the quantity and the position of auxiliary electrode 31 according to the factors such as area of for example luminous component 14.For example, a plurality of auxiliary electrodes 31 can be set.Alternatively, the embodiment of being cut apart by auxiliary electrode 31 with the wherein luminous component 14 of Figure 12 is different, and auxiliary electrode 31 can only extend to the middle body of luminous component 14.
In the 5th embodiment, auxiliary electrode 31 forms on transparent substrates 16.Yet auxiliary electrode 31 can form on transparent first electrode 17.That is to say that first electrode 17, auxiliary electrode 31, organic EL layer 18 and second electrode 19 can this order form on transparent substrates 16.
Luminous plaque 13 according to the lighting apparatus 12 of first to the 3rd embodiment can replace with each luminous plaque 13 that all have auxiliary electrode 31.In this case, because V-shaped groove 23 forms in the zone corresponding to the brightness compensating member 21 of the non-luminous component that is produced by auxiliary electrode 31, so can make this non-luminous component 35 be difficult to perceive.
In the 5th embodiment, V-shaped groove 34 can be only forms in the zone corresponding to the brightness compensating member 21 of the non-luminous component 35 that is formed by auxiliary electrode 31.Can change this structure.It also can be constructed to make inclined-plane 27 corresponding to the non-luminous component 15 that is positioned at corresponding to an end place of the luminous plaque 13 of the peripheral part of luminous component 14, and V-shaped groove 34 forms in the non-luminous component 35 that is produced by auxiliary electrode 31.On the inclined-plane corresponding to the brightness compensating member 21 of the position of non-luminous component 15 can be second inclined-plane 28.
Organic EL layer 18 does not need to be configured to make launches white light, also can be configured to launch monochromatic light for example ruddiness, green glow, blue light or gold-tinted etc., maybe can be configured to launch the light of these color combination.
Replace organic EL, can be with inorganic EL element as luminous component 14.
As long as luminous component 14 emission isotropism light can use the luminous component different with EL element.
Do not need lighting apparatus 12 as backlight, also can be used as the light source of other lighting apparatus or display.
Therefore, example of the present invention and embodiment are considered to illustrative and are nonrestrictive, and the present invention's details of being not limited to provide herein, also can make amendment to it in the scope of the scope of appended claims and equivalent.

Claims (28)

1. lighting apparatus comprises:
Luminous plaque has luminous component and the non-luminous component of launching isotropism light,
Described equipment is characterised in that:
Brightness compensating member has light incident incident portion and light thereon and leaves part by the light that it leaves, and wherein said incident portion comprises that at least one leaves the inclined-plane that part tilts with respect to light,
Wherein said inclined-plane is set to corresponding to non-luminous component, and is configured so that brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of luminous component is substantially equal to the brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of non-luminous component.
2. equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, luminous plaque comprises substrate and the planar light emitting that forms on described substrate, and
Above comprising, wherein said non-luminous component do not form the zone of the substrate of planar light emitting.
3. equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described non-luminous component is arranged in around the luminous component and the peripheral part of luminous plaque.
4. equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described luminous plaque is one of them of luminous plaque of a plurality of connections, and wherein non-luminous component is close to each other, and
Wherein said brightness compensating member is made by transparent panel, thereby and be set in the side of light by its luminous plaque that leaves corresponding to luminous plaque, and wherein the inclined-plane extends along the peripheral part of luminous plaque.
5. equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described brightness compensating member has transparent panel to form, and comprises V-shaped groove, described V-shaped groove forms corresponding to non-luminous component, and wherein limit in a pair of inclined-plane of V-shaped groove at least one form by this inclined-plane.
6. equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, one of them that described non-luminous component is a plurality of non-luminous components, these non-luminous components comprise the non-luminous component of the peripheral part that is arranged in luminous plaque and are not arranged in the non-luminous component of peripheral part
Wherein said inclined-plane is corresponding to the non-luminous component of the peripheral part that is arranged in described luminous plaque, and
Wherein said brightness compensating member comprises the V-shaped groove of the peripheral part that is not arranged in described luminous plaque, and wherein said V-shaped groove is limited by the function a pair of inclined-plane identical with described inclined-plane.
7. equipment according to claim 6 is characterized in that described luminous plaque has auxiliary electrode, and the wherein top zone that forms each luminous plaque of auxiliary electrode forms the non-luminous component of the peripheral part that is not arranged in luminous plaque.
8. equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described V-shaped groove is first V-shaped groove, and
Wherein said brightness compensating member comprises second V-shaped groove, and described second V-shaped groove is positioned on the side relative with described luminous plaque, and corresponding to first V-shaped groove.
9. equipment according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the deepest part of second V-shaped groove is from perpendicular to luminous plaque and comprise the illusion plane displacement of the deepest part of first V-shaped groove.
10. equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described luminous plaque comprises substrate and the planar light emitting that forms on described substrate, and
Wherein said planar light emitting has auxiliary electrode, and wherein said non-luminous component comprises the top zone that forms the planar light emitting of auxiliary electrode.
11. equipment according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described luminous plaque is one of them of luminous plaque of a plurality of connections, and
Wherein said brightness compensating member is made by transparent panel, thereby and is arranged on the side of light by its luminous plaque that leaves corresponding to luminous plaque.
12., it is characterized in that in the time of on projecting luminous plaque, the width on inclined-plane is greater than the width of non-luminous component according to arbitrary described equipment in the claim 1 to 10.
13. according to arbitrary described equipment in the claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that, from from luminous plaque inclined-plane one end farthest to luminous plaque apart from a 1, project the width A on the inclined-plane on the luminous plaque, by inclined-plane and the angle d, the refractive index N of air that limit perpendicular to the plane of luminous plaque 1, brightness compensating member refractive index N 2, and view angle theta satisfy following two expression formulas:
a 1＝A/tan?d (1)
θ＝arcsin[(N 2/N 1)sin{90-α/2-arcsin(N 1/N 2)}] (2)
14., it is characterized in that described inclined-plane or according to arbitrary described equipment in the claim 1 to 10 by optical polish, perhaps by minute surface fine finishining.
15., it is characterized in that described inclined-plane is first inclined-plane according to arbitrary described equipment in the claim 1 to 10, and wherein light leaves at least one second inclined-plane that partly comprises tilting about incident portion, described second inclined-plane is set to corresponding to first inclined-plane.
16. according to arbitrary described equipment in the claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that, luminous component emission white light, wherein diffusion partly is arranged on the surface of the brightness compensating member of facing luminous plaque except the inclined-plane, and wherein brightness compensating member is arranged so that partly and between the luminous plaque there is the space in diffusion.
17. equipment according to claim 16 is characterized in that, diffusion part is made by the diffusion disk with diffusing surface, and wherein said diffusion disk and brightness compensating member optics are integrated, make diffusing surface face luminous plaque.
18. equipment according to claim 16 is characterized in that, the diffusion part directly forms on the surface of the brightness compensating member of facing luminous plaque.
19. equipment according to claim 16 is characterized in that, the diffusion part forms on the surface of the luminous plaque of facing brightness compensating member, and wherein diffusion partly comprises the diffusing surface of facing brightness compensating member.
20. according to arbitrary described equipment in the claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that described brightness compensating member adheres on the luminous plaque with clear binder, the refractive index of described adhesive equal brightness compensating member refractive index or with its difference in the scope of a few percent.
21., it is characterized in that described planar light emitting is made by organic EL according to claim 2 or 10 described equipment.
22. according to arbitrary described equipment in the claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that, described lighting apparatus be used as backlight liquid crystal display.
23. equipment according to claim 22 is characterized in that, is not less than 0.8 corresponding to the brightness in the zone of the brightness compensating member of non-luminous component and ratio corresponding to the brightness in the zone of the brightness compensating member of luminous component.
24. a lighting apparatus comprises:
A plurality of luminous plaques, each all has the luminous component of emission isotropism light and the non-luminous component that is provided with around luminous component, and wherein said luminous plaque is arranged so that non-luminous component is close to each other,
Described equipment is characterised in that:
Brightness compensating member is made by transparent panel, thereby and be arranged on the side of light by its luminous plaque that leaves corresponding to luminous plaque,
Wherein the surface in the face of the brightness compensating member of luminous plaque has the V-shaped groove that extends along non-luminous component, and wherein said V-shaped groove is arranged so that the brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of luminous component is substantially equal to the brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of non-luminous component.
25. equipment according to claim 24 is characterized in that, the width of the openend of V-shaped groove is greater than the width in the space between every pair of adjacent luminous component.
26. according to claim 24 or 25 described equipment, it is characterized in that,
The degree of depth A of V-shaped groove 1, V-shaped groove the width A of openend 2, the apex angle of V-shaped groove, the refractive index N of air 1, brightness compensating member 21 refractive index N 2, and view angle theta satisfy following two expression formulas:
A 1＝A 2/{2tan(α/2)} (1)
θ＝arcsin[(N 2/N 1)sin{90-α/2-arcsin(N 1/N 2)}] (2)
27. a lighting apparatus comprises:
A plurality of continuous luminous plaques, wherein each luminous plaque all has luminous component and the auxiliary electrode that is used to launch isotropism light, and the wherein top zone that forms each luminous plaque of auxiliary electrode forms non-luminous component,
Described equipment is characterised in that,
Brightness compensating member is made by transparent panel, thereby and be arranged on light by its luminous plaque that leaves one side corresponding to luminous plaque,
The surface of wherein facing the brightness compensating member of luminous plaque has V-shaped groove, described V-shaped groove is set to corresponding to non-luminous component, and wherein said V-shaped groove forms the brightness that makes corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of luminous component and is substantially equal to brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of non-luminous component.
28. a lighting apparatus comprises:
A plurality of luminous plaques, wherein each luminous plaque all has luminous component that is used to launch isotropism light and the non-luminous component that is provided with around luminous component, and wherein said luminous plaque is arranged so that non-luminous component is close to each other,
Described equipment is characterised in that:
Brightness compensating member is made by transparent panel, thereby and be arranged on light by its luminous plaque that leaves one side corresponding to luminous plaque,
The surface of wherein facing the brightness compensating member of luminous plaque has the V-shaped groove that extends along non-luminous component, wherein said V-shaped groove forms the brightness that makes corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of non-luminous component to be increased, near the brightness corresponding to the zone of the brightness compensating member of luminous component.
CN 200510072940 2004-05-14 2005-05-16 Lighting apparatus Pending CN1697579A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2004145545 2004-05-14
JP145545/04 2004-05-14
JP213484/04 2004-07-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1697579A true CN1697579A (en) 2005-11-16

Family

ID=35350054

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN 200510072940 Pending CN1697579A (en) 2004-05-14 2005-05-16 Lighting apparatus

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN1697579A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104285092A (en) * 2012-02-29 2015-01-14 圣戈班普拉科公司 Light panel and building wall
CN109478604A (en) * 2016-06-03 2019-03-15 康宁股份有限公司 Light extraction means and method for OLED display and the OLED display using the light extraction means and method
CN113597041A (en) * 2021-07-22 2021-11-02 江苏伏特照明集团有限公司 LED lamp with brightness compensation device
CN113597041B (en) * 2021-07-22 2024-05-03 深圳市诺尔迅科技有限公司 LED lamp with brightness compensation device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104285092A (en) * 2012-02-29 2015-01-14 圣戈班普拉科公司 Light panel and building wall
CN109478604A (en) * 2016-06-03 2019-03-15 康宁股份有限公司 Light extraction means and method for OLED display and the OLED display using the light extraction means and method
CN113597041A (en) * 2021-07-22 2021-11-02 江苏伏特照明集团有限公司 LED lamp with brightness compensation device
CN113597041B (en) * 2021-07-22 2024-05-03 深圳市诺尔迅科技有限公司 LED lamp with brightness compensation device

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1622726A (en) Lighting unit
CN101055375A (en) Backlight assembly and display device having the same
CN1854853A (en) Display device
CN1277145C (en) Back light unit of display device and liquid crystal display device using it
CN1234038C (en) Lighting device and liquid crystal display
EP1596638A1 (en) Lighting apparatus
CN1469168A (en) Back light assembly and liquid crystal display device with the same assembly
CN1639619A (en) Optical member, backlight assembly and liquid crystal display device using the same
CN1897073A (en) Light source apparatus and display apparatus
CN1241052C (en) Base board for liquid crystal display element
CN1823430A (en) Luminous element
CN1940603A (en) Optical member, method of manufacturing the optical member, and display device having the optical member
CN1932593A (en) Light source device, display device, terminal device, light source unit, and method for driving light source device
CN1577005A (en) Backlight assembly and liquid crystal display apparatus having the same
CN1646974A (en) Backlight assembly for liquid crystal display apparatus
CN1753073A (en) Light-emitting device, have its backlight assembly and have the display device of backlight assembly
CN1991520A (en) Light-emitting module, method of manufacturing the same and display device having the same
CN1403858A (en) Illuminating apparatus and liquid crystal display
CN1704818A (en) Backlight assembly and LCD using the same
CN1851500A (en) Optical lens, optical package having the same, backlight assembly having the same and display device having the same
CN1619382A (en) Area light source apparatus and liquid crystal display
CN1577414A (en) Display device
CN1815320A (en) Supporting component,Bach light assembly and its display device
CN1713049A (en) Optical member, backlight assembly having the optical member and display apparatus having the backlight assembly
CN1993727A (en) Liquid crystal display device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C02 Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001)
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication