CN1695566A

CN1695566A - Rotational latching system for a trocar

Info

Publication number: CN1695566A
Application number: CN 200410092157
Authority: CN
Inventors: P·弗拉纳; M·蔡纳; M·霍尔特豪斯
Original assignee: Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc
Current assignee: Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc
Priority date: 2003-09-30
Filing date: 2004-09-30
Publication date: 2005-11-16
Anticipated expiration: 2024-09-30
Also published as: CN100358478C; DE602004007999D1; ATE369081T1; DE602004007999T2; AU2004216609A1; AU2004216609B2

Abstract

A trocar housing for a trocar assembly includes a first housing member selectively coupled to a second housing member, wherein the first and second housing members include aligned apertures shaped and dimensioned for passage of an instrument therethrough. The trocar housing also includes a rotary latch mechanism selectively coupling the first housing member and the second housing member. The rotary latch mechanism includes a latching member which rotates relative to the first and second housing members about a longitudinal axis of the housing member for selectively coupling the first and second housing members.

Description

The rotational latching system that is used for the trocar

The related application of reference

The application is based on the unsettled U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.60/506 of JIUYUE in 2003 application on the 30th, and 786, its denomination of invention is " rotational latching system that is used for the trocar ".

Technical field

The present invention relates to trocar assembly, relate in particular to a kind of rotation blocking mechanism that is used for first and second case members of selectivity fixed sleeving needle assembly.

Background technology

Trocar assembly is a kind of operating theater instruments that is used to obtain to enter the body cavity passage, and trocar assembly generally includes two critical pieces, trocar sleeve and the trocar plugger be made up of trocar housing and trocar cannula.Run through being inserted with trocar plugger in the described trocar cannula, and trocar cannula is guided through skin and enters body cavity.In case entered body cavity, just can carry out the operation of peritoneoscope or arthroscope surgical operation and splanchnoscopy.For transdermal, the trocar cannula far-end is supporting the placed of before having cut with scalpel, and then, described trocar plugger is used for transdermal and enters body cavity.By exerting pressure to the near-end of described trocar plugger, skin is passed at the tip that promotes described trocar plugger, enters body cavity up to it.Trocar cannula inserts the perforation that is formed by trocar plugger, and described trocar plugger is drawn out of, and stays the passage that body cavity is led in the trocar cannula conduct.

The proximal part of trocar cannula is typically connected on the trocar housing, and described trocar housing defines a chamber with open distal end part, and the distal portions of described opening is communicated with the inner chamber that is limited by trocar cannula.Trocar plugger, or the proximal part of other elongated operating theater instruments by the chamber that limited by trocar housing extend axially into described trocar cannula, and from trocar cannula, extract out.

Those skilled in the art one understand surely, and many trocar housing are formed by first and second case members that hold proximal seal assembly and duckbill black box respectively.Case member is optionally connected so that surgical procedures becomes easy.Such as, often wish during taking out sample, to remove first case member.Remove first case member and allow sample only by the duckbill black box, rather than by duckbill black box and proximal seal assembly.This prepares for easier taking-up sample during taking out with to the littler damage of sample generation.

But existing trocar housing is used complicated and first and second case members are fixed by insecure mechanism.Thereby, need for trocar housing provide convenience and reliably mechanism be used to connect first and second case members.The invention provides this mechanism.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of trocar housing that is used for trocar assembly.This trocar housing comprises first case member that is selectively connected thereto second case member, and wherein first and second case members comprise the hole of alignment, and the shape in hole and size are set to be suitable as the passage that apparatus therefrom passes through.Trocar housing comprises that also a selectivity connects the rotation blocking mechanism of first case member and second case member.The rotation blocking mechanism comprises one around the closed block of the case member longitudinal axis with respect to the rotation of first and second case members, connects first and second case members with selectivity.

Another object of the present invention provides a trocar housing that comprises first case member, above-mentioned first case member optionally is connected to second case member, wherein first and second case members comprise the hole of alignment, and the shape in hole and size are set to be suitable as the passage that apparatus therefrom passes through.Trocar housing comprises that also a selectivity connects the rotation blocking mechanism of first case member and second case member.The rotation blocking mechanism comprises that one centers on the closed block that the case member longitudinal axis does not rely on the rotation of first and second case members, connects first and second case members with selectivity.

Another object of the present invention provides a trocar housing that comprises first case member, above-mentioned first case member is selectively connected thereto second case member, wherein first and second case members comprise the hole of alignment, and the shape in hole and size are set to be suitable as the passage that apparatus therefrom passes through.Trocar housing further comprises one when first and second case members are joined together, the sealing that forms between them.Above-mentioned sealing be included in first case member or and second case member on angled contact surface, drawn over to one's side a time-out when first case member and second case member, apply radially and compression stress by above-mentioned contact surface.

Further purpose of the present invention provides the trocar housing that comprises first case member, and above-mentioned first case member is selectively connected thereto second case member.First case member the inside holds the proximal seal assembly and second case member the inside holds the distal seal assembly, and wherein first and second case members comprise the hole of alignment, and the shape in hole and size are set to be suitable as the passage that apparatus therefrom passes through.Trocar housing comprises that also a selectivity connects the rotation blocking mechanism of first case member and second case member.The rotation blocking mechanism comprises one around the closed block of the case member longitudinal axis with respect to the rotation of first and second case members, connects first and second case members to be used for selectivity.

In conjunction with the accompanying drawing of describing certain embodiments of the invention, by the following detailed description, other purposes of the present invention and advantage will become clearly.

The accompanying drawing content

Fig. 1 is the perspective view according to trocar assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the exploded view of trocar assembly shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of trocar assembly shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 4 is the view sub-anatomy of trocar assembly shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 5 is the detailed view of the rotation blocking mechanism of this trocar assembly pin use.

Fig. 6 is the decomposition view according to the proximal seal assembly of this trocar assembly.

Fig. 7 is the bottom perspective view of seal section.

Fig. 8 is the top view of black box.

Fig. 9 is the cutaway view along Fig. 8 cathetus IX-IX.

Figure 10 is by Fig. 7, the seal that 4 seal sections shown in 8,9 are formed.

Figure 11 is the top perspective of protector section.

Figure 12 is the bottom view of protector section.

Figure 13 is by 4 protectors that the protector section is formed shown in Figure 11 and 12.

Figure 14 is the top perspective according to duckbill black box of the present invention.

Figure 15 is the cutaway view along Figure 14 cathetus XV-XV.

Figure 16 is the partial sectional view along Figure 14 cathetus XV-XV.

Figure 17 is the decomposition view according to trocar sleeve of the present invention.

Figure 18 is another decomposition view according to trocar sleeve of the present invention.

Figure 19 is the assembling perspective view of trocar sleeve shown in Figure 17 and 18.

Figure 20 is the back perspective view of the trocar sleeve of demonstration in Figure 17 and 18.

Figure 21 is the decomposition view according to the replaceable embodiment of trocar sleeve.

Figure 22 is the exploded view according to the replaceable embodiment of trocar sleeve shown in Figure 19.

Figure 23 and 24 is decomposition views of another embodiment of trocar sleeve.

Figure 25 is the detailed view of endoscope's locking mechanism.

The specific embodiment

Disclosed herein is detailed embodiment of the present invention.But, being to be understood that disclosed embodiment only is an example of the present invention, the present invention can realize by different modes.Therefore, content disclosed herein is not to be interpreted as restrictively, but only as the basis of claim, and how to make and/or use basis of the present invention as instruction those skilled in the art.

Disclosed herein is according to rotation blocking mechanism of the present invention, as discussed in more detail below, described rotation blocking mechanism is considered and is optionally connected first and second case members, to increase versatility when using trocar assembly.Those skilled in the art one understand surely, and in the scope that does not break away from spirit of the present invention, this rotation blocking mechanism goes for various trocar assemblies.

Referring to figs. 1 to 5, trocar assembly 10 generally includes trocar cannula 12, trocar plugger 14, and trocar housing (or handle) 16.Trocar cannula 12 defines the inner chamber 18 of a proximal part 22 that has open distal portions 20 and open.Proximal part 22 stretches into and is fixed to 24 li of the distal portions of trocar housing 16.Trocar housing 16 has the proximal part 26 of the opening that limits opening 28.Described opening 28 has been equipped proximal seal assembly 30 constructed according to the invention and that describe in detail hereinafter.Opening 28 has further been equipped the duckbill black box 32 that is positioned at proximal seal assembly 28 belows.Although this black box is disclosed as the proximal seal assembly ingredient of double seal system, without departing from the spirit of the invention, this black box can be applied in single sealing system.

Usually, trocar sleeve 44 is made up of trocar cannula 12 and trocar housing 16.Trocar housing 16 comprises first case member 36 and second case member 38.Second case member 38 finally is made up of second case member lid 38a and the second case member seat 38b.Although shell 16 is open as two parts, can predict without departing from the spirit of the invention, also can use independent parts.Show two parts shells among the figure, be used for the auxiliary sample that takes out.

Trocar plugger 14 can slide into and withdraw from trocar cannula 12, and, trocar plugger 14 can be inserted in trocar housing 16 and the trocar cannula 12 via the opening 28 of proximal seal assembly 30, duckbill black box 32 and trocar housing 16.Provide plugger handle 34 at trocar plugger 14 near-ends, and tapered off to a point or the blade (not shown) at its far-end.As known in the field, proximal seal assembly 30 and the apparatus that extends along trocar sleeve 44 (such as, trocar plugger and other are fit to the instrument that uses based on the operation of the trocar) the outside adapt, with with the engagement of its intimate ground, thereby stop fluid passage via trocar housing 16.

Rotational latching system

For trocar housing 16, referring to figs. 1 to 5, trocar housing 16 is made of first case member 36 and second case member 38, and they optionally connect, and its reason can be elaborated below.First and

second case members

36,38 comprise the

hole

40,42 of alignment, and the shape and size in described

hole

40,42 are set to be used for the apparatus of receiver selectivity ground by described trocar housing 16.

Those skilled in the art one understand surely, and during trocar sleeve 44 is inserted into abdominal wall, and during normal operating process, it is crucial that first and

second case members

36,38 keep firmly connecting.But when taking out sample, it also is desirable for example removing first case member 36 when taking out sample from the abdominal cavity.Remove first case member 36 and allow sample only by duckbill black box 32, rather than by duckbill black box 32 and proximal seal assembly 30.This prepares for easier taking-up sample in the taking-up process with to the littler damage of sample generation.

First case member, 36 support on the croup black boies 30, and be placed on the top that inside is equipped with second case member 38 of duckbill black box 32.First case member 36 comprises from the hole of wherein running through 40.Proximal seal assembly 30 is placed in the hole 40 of first case member 36.

Comprise from the hole of wherein running through 42 for second case member, 38, the second case members 38.Duckbill black box 32 is placed in the hole 42 of second case member 38, in abutting connection with the upper surface 50 of second case member 38.In fact, and owing to the following reason that will go through, the neighboring 52 of duckbill black box 32 is placed on the upper surface 50 direct adjoining positions with second case member 38, and the upper surface 50 of second case member 38 is used for lower surface 54 engagements with first case member 36.

Simplified being connected of

first case member

36 and 38 of second case members by rotation blocking mechanism 56.Particularly, first case member 36 comprises the first and second downward adjutages 58.Each downward adjutage 58 comprises cam face 60 and latch surface outwardly 62 down.

Second case member 38 comprise equally have first and second closed blocks 66 block ring 64, the first and second closed blocks respectively with latch surface 62 engagements of first and second downward adjutages 58 of first case member 36 separately.Block ring 64 and trocar sleeve 44 central shafts align vertically, and are arranged in along the cannelure 68 of duckbill black box 32 peripheries.Although rotate according to the block ring 64 of the preferred embodiment central shaft around trocar housing 16, without departing from the spirit of the invention, block ring 64 can be around other axle rotations.Block ring 64 can rotate around the central shaft of trocar sleeve 44, but it is connected on the trocar housing 16 by spring 70.The slight preload biasing of spring 70 usefulness remains on latched position with block ring 64.But when connecting first case member 36, spring 70 allows block ring 64 to rotate.First and second closed blocks 66 comprise cam face 72 up separately, and described cam face 72 up contacts with the cam face down 60 of the first and second downward adjutages 58 of first case member 36.

Each first and second closed block 66 comprises cam face 72 up, and its shape and size are set to be suitable for respectively cam face 60 engagements with downward adjutage 58.Equally, first and second closed blocks 66 comprise latch surface 74 inwardly, and its shape and size are set to 62 engagements of latch surface outwardly with the first and second downward adjutages 58.

In fact, by the first and second downward adjutages 58 being passed in the hole 76 that forms on second case member, 38 upper surfaces 50, realize the locking of first and second case members 36,38.Because the first and second downward adjutages 58 extend through each hole 76 with first and second closed blocks, 66 adjacency of block ring 64, so cam face 72 engagements of the cam face 60 of each first and second downward adjutages 58 and first and second closed blocks 66.Described engagement causes block ring 64 to rotate by the mode that allows the first and second downward adjutages 58 to extend through first and second closed blocks 66.The biasing that this rotation antagonistic spring 70 provides.

In case the first and second downward adjutages 58 move the scope that exceeds first and second closed blocks 66, the spring 70 that block ring 64 is setovered makes block ring 64 turn back to its initial position, and first case member 36 latch surface 62 outwardly meshes to be connected first case member 36 and second case member 38 securely with second case member 38 latch surface 74 inwardly.By being connected in the transmission of the bar 78 on the block ring 64, first and

second case members

36,38 selectively break away from.The rotation of bar 78 causes that block ring 64 rotates, and moves first and second closed blocks 66 and breaks away from and the engagement of adjutage 58 downwards.

The upper surface 50 of second case member 38 comprises the hole 76 that the downward adjutage 58 that allows first case member 36 passes, downwards between adjutage 58 and the hole 76 only every very little gap.This limited gap is to have considered the minimum motion in the plane in hole 76 or on bending direction of downward adjutage 58.Therefore, when first case member 36 was latched to second case member 38, the sole mode that first and

second case members

36,38 are effectively dismantled was by making the first and second downward adjutages 58 itself produce shears or by the pure tension force on they self leg.Because hole 76 sizes, first and second arms 58 can not overbending or slip.This has just created extremely firm connection.Rotate in the horizontal direction by catch bar 78, cause that block ring 64 rotates with the central shaft that the mode that overcomes spring force centers on trocar sleeve 44, trocar housing 16 is disassembled.The surgeon is by trocar housing 16 lateral groove action bars 78.When bar 78 was pressed, first and second closed blocks 66 of block ring 64 rotated the scope that exceeds the first and second downward adjutages 58, and first case member 36 is discharged from second case member 38.

Be connected on second case member 38 by rotation blocking mechanism 56, the first case members 36, and, need sealing between first and

second case members

36,38 in order to keep gas injection.By flange (flange) 80 compressions of the extension downwards of use on the lower surface 54 of first case member 36 and the part of the duckbill black box 32 of upper surface 50 adjacency of second case member 38, thus the realization sealing.Flange 80 comprises relative angled surface with duckbill black box 32.This provides (angular) contact surface that becomes the angle between the duckbill black box 32 of the flange 80 on first case member 36 and second case member 38.This just provides first case member 36 simpler connections, and allows to exceed the vertical mobile of the sealing distance that requires, and does not influence duckbill black box service behaviour.In fact, it is needed that this excess of stroke provides the functional reliability of rotating blocking mechanism.

The downward extension flange 80 of first case member 36 is included in the contact surface that applies the Cheng Du of radial component on the duckbill black box 32.The contact surface of Cheng Du also produces the vertical stress component that is converted into assembly force.Radial force makes connection features, and promptly the neighboring 52 of duckbill black box 32 increases.Because vertical force only is the part of whole normal force, so owing to the effect assembly force of contact surface angle is reduced.

13. except that radially with vertical force because the interaction between extension flange 80 and duckbill black box 32 neighborings 52 downwards, the sealing between first and

second case members

36,38 produces the cam effect.The radial motion of duckbill black box 32 neighborings 52 allows flange 80 that the very little excess of stroke is arranged, and this very little excess of stroke is free from side effects to the sealability of duckbill black box, the same with for the normal running use.

Except preparing for the excess of stroke, energy has been stored in the compression of duckbill black box 32 neighborings 52, to impel dismounting first case member 36 from second case member 38.Under the transmission of bar 78, the energy of storage causes first case member 36 promptly to break away from second case member 38.

Especially, by the flange 80 that extends downwards along the lower surface 54 of first case member 36 is provided, can strengthen the connection of first and

second case members

36,38, mesh the neighboring 52 that the shape and size of first case member 36 are set to be used for duckbill black box 32.Notice that the flange 80 that extends has taper inwardly, and neighboring 52 has taper outwardly downwards.Inwardly and taper outwardly interact allow the rotation between first and

second case members

36,38 so that realize firm ways of connecting.By relative conical surface is provided, especially upward pressure by on the conical surface inwardly of neighboring 52, applying slight elasticity, improved and guaranteed that blocking mechanism connects required dimensional tolerance.

By alignment pin 82 and the mating holes 84 that extends downwards from first case member, 36 lower surfaces 54 is provided, obtain correct alignment between first and

second case members

36,38, the shape and size of described mating holes 84 are set to be used to receive the alignment pin 82 that forms along second case member, 38 upper surfaces 50.Provide alignment pin 82 and mating holes 84 to guarantee of the structure assembling of first and

second case members

36,38 with needs.Selectively, can provide second pin to stop relative blocking device engagement.For the consideration of safety, this is the design part of an integral body.Only can be connected on first case member 36 at a kind of structure middle sleeve pin plugger 14, and first case member 36 only can be connected on second case member 38 in a kind of structure.

As mentioned above, the rotation blocking mechanism 56 that is used to connect first case member 36 and second case member 38 provides considerable advantage.Especially, rotation locking design allows first case member 36 to be firmly connected on second case member 38, and blocking device allows first case member 36 extremely easily to dismantle without any the chance of throwing off simultaneously.In fact, the hole 76 passed of first and second of the first case member 36 downward adjutages 58 does not allow arm 58 to produce any excessive bending.In addition, because the force vector of locking returning spring 70 perpendicular to any one removal force that applies during use, obtains connecting first case member, 36 needed power so can not rely on any specified removal force.This is opposite with typical locking scheme, in typical locking scheme, disposition of latch arm by elastic bending to be connected with external seal housing and to separate.In the scheme of these types, by the flexural property of disposition of latch arm, assembly force and removal force are by the flexural property direct correlation each other of disposition of latch arm.Finally, blocking mechanism is easy to use one-handed performance.

Become the contact at angle downwards between the flanges 80 that extend for first case member 36 and the neighboring 52 of duckbill black box 32, this be used to reduce with first case member 36 be connected to second case member 38 required assembly force.Compare with flat seal, distance that can 36 compressions of first case member are bigger also still obtains identical assembly force.This tolerance that just allows the design part is greater than the desired tolerance of specific compression distance.In addition, the same consideration of protruding characteristic of neighboring 52 radially departs from the duckbill black box 32, has therefore reduced assembly force again.

Reinforced sealed assembly

With reference to figure 6 to 10, proximal seal assembly 30 is disclosed.Described black box generally includes and covers 86, and crown 88 is used for the corrugated tube 90 of radial seal campaign, female locating ring 92, and protector 94 is formed a plurality of enhanced leaktightness sections 96 of seal 98, public locating ring 100 and base 102.Enhanced leaktightness section 96 as described in detail later placements, and be installed in and be used between the locating ring 92,100 producing according to black box 30 of the present invention.

Especially with reference to figure 7 to 10, shown enhanced leaktightness section 96 among the figure.As hereinafter describing ground in detail, when creating complete seal body 98, proximal seal assembly 30 has used a plurality of enhanced leaktightness sections 96.Each enhanced leaktightness section 96 has the form of part cone, the body that especially about 225 degree stretch.Although the part cone shape according to the preferred embodiment of the invention uses approximate 225 to spend the part cone that stretches, without departing from the spirit of the invention, can use the part cone of other shapes.Although disclose the cone shape seal section, without departing from the spirit of the invention, can use the flat seal section according to preferred embodiment.

Each enhanced leaktightness section 96 is preferably made by the cross linked polymer elastomer, for example polyisoprene or silicones, but be not limited only to polyisoprene or silicones.But, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that without departing from the spirit of the invention and also can use other material.

In fact, when creating the seal 98 that wherein can insert apparatus, used one group of enhanced leaktightness section 96.According to the preferred embodiments of the invention, four enhanced leaktightness sections 96 are aligned and relative to each other are offset successively 90 degree.Seal section 96 by " braiding " (woven) mode arrange.That is, each seal section 96 comprises first side 104 and second side 106, and first side 104 of each seal section 96 is placed on the top, second side 106 of adjacent seals section 96, thereby creates " braiding " assembly of seal section 96.

Enhanced leaktightness section 96 is tied up on male and female locating ring 94,100 together along their neighboring 108, to create complete seal 98.As enhanced leaktightness section 96 part bullet profiles and counterrotating result thereof, bound seal section 96 has been created seal 98, and wherein when apparatus inserted, single seal section 96 was by the opening that passes through with the establishment apparatus toward extrapolation, and when withdrawing from apparatus, inwardly elastic movement is with closing passage.With reference to figure 3, shown this typical variant of enhanced leaktightness section 96.This distortion and the apparatus that inserts wherein together show.

As mentioned above, each enhanced leaktightness section 96 has the cut cone-shaped of part cone usually.Enhanced leaktightness section 96 comprises the neighboring 108 that is fixed on the central seal parts 110.Neighboring 108 is flat basically, is positioned at same plane, and central seal parts 110 are formed the shape of part cone simultaneously.

Comprise enhancing pad 112 by the center in enhanced leaktightness section 96, central seal parts 110 are enhanced.That is, strengthening pad 112 is placed on the neighboring and the position between the free margins of central seal parts 110.Especially, strengthen pad 112 and be placed on the cone tip that limits by central seal parts 110, strengthen the edge of pad 112 and the free margins of central seal parts 110 and aim at the cone tip.

Strengthen the global formation of pad 112 and central seal parts 110 remainders, but its thickness approximately is 2.5 times of central seal parts 110 nominal thickness.Especially, central seal parts 110 the thickness of enhancing pad 112 be approximately 0.017 inch, and central seal parts 110 remainder thickness be approximately the .007 inch.Although the above-mentioned thickness according to the preferred embodiment of the invention is disclosed, without departing from the spirit of the invention, can adopt different thickness.By making, realize strengthening the transition between pad 112 and central seal parts 110 remainders in central seal parts 110 attenuation gradually that strengthens between pad 112 and the central seal parts 110 remainder thickness.Can further reckon with is not having can to realize transition under the situation of transitional region yet; That is, use transition rapidly.But preferred embodiment does not have stress to rise and allows sealing device to seal better.Also can reckon with can be enough smooth and do not have the pad of transition to make seal section.

As shown in Figure 7, and according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, forms enhancing along the center of arc that limits by enhanced leaktightness section 96 by triangular structure usually and fill up 112.Especially, strengthen pad 112 occupies about 90 degree along central seal parts 110 arc.Those skilled in the art can understand certainly, and without departing from the spirit of the invention, the shape and size that can change enhancing pad 112 are to adapt to specific needs.But the shape and size that strengthen pad 112 should be set to be suitable for covering and passing the contacted zone of apparatus of trocar assembly 10.

Strengthen on that part of central seal parts 110 that pad 112 is placed on when surgical operating instrument is inserted in the trocar cannula 12 most possibly with surgical operating instrument directly contacts.According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, strengthen pad 112 and placed between two parties, because most of surgical operating instrument inserts by the center of trocar housing 16 and trocar cannula 12.

It should be noted that in other embodiments, can be left in the basket to the inclined surface of the nominal thickness inclination of central seal parts 110 from strengthening pad 112, and strengthen the nominal thickness that pad 112 can be carried out the transition to central seal parts 110 smoothly by smooth curvature.

Low drag force between between proximal seal assembly 30 and insertion apparatus is ideal.Current proximal seal assembly 30 allows do not reducing to seal the low drag force of generation under persistent situation.This is by reducing seal thickness and realizing in conjunction with using above-mentioned enhancing pad 112.Similarly, the same with the black box of prior art, the reducing of thickness (with the discontiguous zone of apparatus) do not follow weakening of seal durability.

According to the present invention, comprise that the black box that strengthens pad 112 has obviously reduced to scratch and tear sealing in the process that apparatus inserts or withdraws from, and in whole seal section 96, do not need extra thickness.Have bigger thickness strengthening pad 112 zones, prevent that apparatus and black box 98 part that contacts from strengthening pad 112 places and protuberance occurs.But, strengthen the part that approaches on the central seal parts 110 of pad 112 around the center and consider that the remainder of central seal parts 110 stretches easily, therefore will remain on minima in the drag force on the apparatus that moves.Because when using apparatus, maximum tension occurs along the opening part of central seal parts 110, and according to preferred embodiment, enhanced leaktightness section 96 should not with All Ranges that apparatus contacts in remain thin.This makes drag force minimize.

The effective protection that provides by current enhancing pad 112 at proximal seal assembly 30 places has been provided below.For with the initial set deviation that causes proximal seal assembly 30 that contacts of instrument tip, owing to strengthen thickness difference between pad 112 and the central seal parts 110, with compare around the thinner part of the central seal parts 110 that strengthen pad 112, will there be low relatively tension force in the zone that is limited by the enhancing pad 112 of proximal seal assembly 30.Difference on this tension force is in the opening part maximum of proximal seal assembly 30, and all herein tension force is all the highest.When owing to contact with apparatus when causing power to be applied to strengthening to fill up on 112, the thickness that strengthening pad 112 increases will stop protuberance, the thin cross section that is not enhanced simultaneously central seal parts 110 remainders of pad 112 coverings will allow to strengthen pad 112 distad deflections like a dream, allow instrument tip to rotate into the center of proximal seal assembly 30.Seal section with prior art is compared, and the tear resistance of enhanced leaktightness section 96 is significantly increased.

Strengthen pad 112 and allow enhanced leaktightness section 96 not rely on other periphery protectors, protect and self avoid sharp apparatus influence.This protection is integrated in the enhanced leaktightness section 96 self.Add at key position (away from the high-tension zone, described high-tension is located immediately on the point that sharp apparatus may contact) and to strengthen pad 112 and also allow protection to strengthen pad 112 to prevent to pierce through, and to sealing property almost or not influence fully.It does not increase the maximum of apparatus insertion force and apparatus drag force.Can predict the use that strengthens pad 112 and can be extended to the scope that is positioned at outside the center, the maximum to apparatus insertion force and apparatus drag force produces certain influence thus.But because the tension force that the characteristic of seal section 96 and they obviously reduce with respect to the lip packing of standard, this influence may produce be above standard the easily design of black box of performance.

The braiding seal protecting device

Although as mentioned above, above-mentioned seal 98 has the pad of enhancing 112, but still need provide protector 92 for proximal seal assembly 30, illustrates best as Figure 13.Be positioned at directly over the seal 98 according to the protector 92 of the preferred embodiment of the invention.With reference to figure 6 and 11-13, protector 92 is made up of multiple folded protector section 114, and multiple folded protector section 114 is assembled so that complete protector 92 to be provided by the knitting arrangement mode.Form protector 92 by the knitting arrangement mode; add additional protection device materials (as the result of overlapping arrangement); make that when apparatus is inserted in the described sealing because protector section 114 separately, seal 98 extra surf zones can be protected.

Because current proximal seal assembly 30 has with the reliable and little central opening that extends of mode easily, so when apparatus passed protector 92 and seal 98, protector 92 must be designed to the gap between the close and protect device section 114.This just need add material along the opening of protector 92.

According to the present invention, by weaving a plurality of protector sections 114, extra material is added on the protector 92.By Woven protector section 114, extra material is added on the protector 92, still allows protector to be installed in the bullet seal side simultaneously so that widen each protector parts.At protector section 114 back sides, extra material is coated over a side of each protector section 114.From top observing protector section 114, this extra material is not invisible when having apparatus to insert.

Protector section 114 usefulness mold pressing elastomers according to the preferred embodiment of the invention are made, such as pellethane.But, not attempt protector section 114 only is limited in elastomer, protector section 114 can be by the material manufacture of any kind that comprises required attribute of realization function described herein and feature.

Especially, arrange four protector sections 114 to create protector 92.Although used four protector sections 114 according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, without departing from the spirit of the invention, protector 92 can finally be formed by the protector section 114 with different numbers.

Each protector section 114 is semicircle during from top observation, and has the profile of part cone usually.In these protector sections 114 each comprises that one is circular 116, one supporting walls that stretch out 118 in neighboring and cone shape protector parts 120 basically from neighboring 116.The cone shape protector parts 120 relative with support arm 118 and neighboring 116 define rectilinear limit 121.

According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, cone shape protector parts 120 are crossed over the arc of about 180 degree, and along the center of cone shape protector parts 120, the arc of about 120 degree is crossed in supporting walls 118 and neighboring 116 simultaneously.Will go through as following, when apparatus moved through proximal seal assembly 30, the limited arc that neighboring 116 and supporting walls 118 are crossed over reduced unwanted power.

Outer periphery edge 116 is fit to be placed on 36 li of first case members.Outer periphery edge 116 further comprises one group of hole 122 as protector section 114 connecting devices.It is evident that according to following disclosure; use the many protectors section 114 that limits about 180 degree arcs to cause reducing by the hoop stress that protector 92 provides; protector 92 is made up of one group of protector section 114; when apparatus was inserted into, protector section 114 radially curved inwardly easily and is outwardly-bent.

Each protector section 114 comprises first 124 and limits the second portion 126 of protector 114 opposite side.Four independent protective device sections 114 by the knitting arrangement mode in conjunction with creating complete protector 92, the described complete protector 92 following seal 98 that adequately protects.That is, assemble protector 92 by the second portion 126 that the first 124 of the first protector section 114 is placed on the second protector section 114.The first 124 of the second protector section 114 is placed on the second portion 126 of the 3rd protector section 114 basically; the first 124 of the 3rd protector section 114 is placed on the second portion 126 of the 4th protector section 114; the first 124 of the 4th protector section 114 is placed on the second portion 126 of the first protector section 114, just as last cover plate of folding case lid.

By using crown 88 and female locating ring 94, protector section 114 finally is fixed together.Positioning element is common practise to those skilled in the art, can use various positioning elements in the present invention's spirit scope.

One of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that cone shape protector parts 120 are subjected to resistance from the different directions connector with respect to the motion of neighboring 116 and supporting walls 118.Similarly, when apparatus moved by proximal seal assembly 30, cone shape protector parts 120 were crooked easily.

This moving resistance is minimized should be owing to the limited arc of above-mentioned neighboring 116 and supporting walls 118.In addition, have the central recess 128 of neighboring 116 and/or supporting walls 118 by formation, resistance is further minimized.When protector parts 120 can move down than slight drag moving same apart from the time, this groove 128 is used for reducing crooked.

By Woven protector 92, extra material can be added on each protector section 114, still allows the far-end of protector 92 and the summit fit of cone-shaped seal 98 simultaneously.This covers with it the back side of the protector section 114 of adjacency and realizes by being added to additional materials on the protector section 114.This extra material is considered the coverage that seal 98 improves, especially when apparatus is inserted at a certain angle with respect to proximal seal assembly 30.At last, when the apparatus shift-in or when shifting out proximal seal assembly 30, even influential to apparatus, the braiding of protector 92 also reduces to minimum to the influence of apparatus drag force, and this makes protector section 114 can move like a dream to each other.

And owing to add additional materials on each protector section 114 to, when apparatus was inserted into protector 92, protector section 114 was launched, and exposes the Additional Protection device materials that is placed on adjacent protector section 114 back sides in fact.When protector section 114 was relative to each other crooked, this extra material covered seal 98 continuously.The material that is exposed to the seal 98 that inserts apparatus is few more, and the protection that is provided by this protector 92 is just good more.This protector 92 provides good seal protection simultaneously, can add extra protector section 114, although they may cause the increase of apparatus drag force.But, by with 114 attenuation of protector section so that they are more flexible, or by on protector section 114 and/or seal 98, adding lubricant, can reach both compromise.

The duckbill black box

As mentioned above, duckbill black box 32 is contained in second case member 38, with reference to figure 14-16, discloses a kind of black box of duckbill according to the preferred embodiment of the invention 32.Duckbill black box 32 comprises first and second seals 130,132 that extend from annular flange parts 134, the shape and size of described annular flange parts 134 are suitable for being installed in described second shell 38.

Each first and second seal 130,132 comprises upper surface 136,138 and lower surface 140,142.Described upper surface 136,138 and described lower surface 140,142 be mirror image normally, because except outside the ribs of upper surface 136,138, described first and second seals 130,132 keep consistent basically thickness along its whole length.

First and second seals 130,132 are installed in the trocar housing 16, are used for moving during by it when apparatus.Consider this point, the near-end of each described first and second seal 130,132 all is connected on the trocar housing 16 by annular flange 134, and the end of first and second seals 130,132 intersects to limit composition surface 144.Described composition surface 144 is arranged on described trocar housing 16 centers usually, to allow wherein to form instrument channel, and when this apparatus does not exist, composition surface 144 is by first and second seals 130,132 elastic force and closing, this is because first and second seals 130,132 produce skew under the pressure that produces in the body cavity that is provided with trocar assembly 10, for example, under the gas pressure that is blown into by abdominal part, be offset.This pressure makes the contacted closed position of far-end that described duckbill black box 32 moves to first and second seals 130,132.

Those skilled in the art are bound to understand, and are formed with the rib (not shown) on the upper surface 136,138 of seal 130,132, strengthen the stability of seal 130,132 when contacting with apparatus with box lunch.When described apparatus passed through duckbill black box 32, described rib also provided and has made the apparatus path of process thereon.Described rib has also reduced when the frictional force of apparatus when the duckbill black box 32, so its less surface area of providing apparatus to pass through thereon, and therefore can apply bigger contact pressure between described seal and described apparatus.

With reference now to first seal 130, first and second seals 130,132 is described.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that first and second seals 130,132nd, identical, and following description relates to second seal 132 equally.Seal 130 is formed by first 148 and second portion 150, and they relative to each other are angle orientation, and transverse plane 146 extends through annular flange 134.Especially, described transverse plane 146 is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis that extends through duckbill black box 32.First and second parts 148,150 are respectively from the near-end of described seal 130 remote extension towards seal 130.Like this, first 148 is arranged at the near-end of contiguous seal 130, and the wall of the near-end of seal 130 and annular flange 134 and trocar housing 16 is adjacent.In the time of in apparatus inserts the trocar, first 148 only slightly moves.Second portion 150 is arranged at the far-end of adjacent seals body 130 and adjacent with composition surface 144.When apparatus inserted wherein, second portion 150 freely moved.

Usually, described first and second parts are with respect to the angle of transverse plane between 0 degree and 90 degree, suppose that transverse plane 146 is positioned on the horizontal plane, and the first 148 that originates in according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, seal 130 near-ends is approximated to 30 degree angles with respect to the horizontal plane at transverse plane 146 places.Therefore the second portion 150 that extends to the far-end of seal 130 becomes miter angle with respect to horizontal plane.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the scope that does not break away from spirit of the present invention, can change according to the disclosed above-mentioned angle of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Selected angle be according to described seal ruggedness (when angle is big instrument may with the engagement of described seal directivity ground, the probability of protuberance was little when promptly angle was big) and the height (bigger angle is indicated bigger height) of described seal between compromise selection.For example, can expect that second portion 150 can spend between the approximate 50 degree angles approximate 40, prepare for many advantages of duckbill black box 32 expections according to the present invention simultaneously.As size reduce consider that improved apparatus can enter, therefore the height or the section of described duckbill black box 32 are important, because therefore the length of described trocar housing 16 can make more lessly.Less shell provides path bigger in the body cavity for the surgeon, is very ideal therefore.

When realization was of the present invention, above-mentioned preferred embodiment had been used first and second parts 148,150, can use other parts in not breaking away from the present invention's spirit scope.Similarly, in not breaking away from the present invention's spirit scope, the duckbill seal 130,132 among the present invention can be constructed with a unlimited angle,, has successive curved surface that is.

No matter the structure of employed wall how, the angle of described wall should keep less (for example, 30 degree), herein apparatus usually not with the seal 130 of duckbill black box 32,132 contacts, and be increased to bigger value (for example, 45 degree), the common wall surface with described seal 130,132 of apparatus contacts herein.

To first and second parts, 148,150 location, that is, the change wall angle by in the scope of seal 130,132 has improved tear resistance under the situation of the whole height of not adjusting described Duckbill seal assembly 32 in this way.By not providing less wall angle with seal 130,132 position contacting usually at instrument, the whole height of duckbill seal 32 and final trocar assembly 10 can minimize, and the suitable seal function is provided simultaneously.Wall angle common at apparatus and that the use of seal 130,132 position contacting is bigger minimizes the normal force of the described duckbill seal 32 of contact, and the probability that therefore duckbill seal 32 is torn is reduced to minimum.

As mentioned above, because the height of trocar sleeve 44 is influential to human engineering, so the height of trocar sleeve 44 is key issues.Simultaneously, the drag force of described duckbill seal, ruggedness and sealing function must balance each other with the needs of the height that minimizes trocar sleeve 44.

In order to provide according to the more excellent design of duckbill black box of the present invention 32, by use two wall angles with the height minus of duckbill black box 32 to minimum.Less along the wall angle of first 148 so that height minus is extremely minimum.At given crucial diameter place, become steeper at the wall angle at described second portion 150 places.This steeper wall provides the less angle of attack (attack angle) for the apparatus that inserts, to obtain maximum ruggedness.Simultaneously, act on the described second portion because the abdominal part air is pressed, described second portion is compared with the angle of first 148 owing to wall has the less angle of attack suddenly, produce bigger clossing pressure thus, so sealing effectiveness is improved.

Although this polygonal design provides above-mentioned advantage, the power between duckbill black box 32 and described apparatus still needs further to reduce.This passes through wall thickness, and adjusting of the geometry of rib and face coat provides.Wish to have less drag force from trocar sleeve 44, inserting or the used power of removal equipment to reduce the surgeon.For allowing with singlehanded insertion and taking out described apparatus, need reduce required power.This has also reduced the probability that patient that trocar sleeve 44 inserts from trocar assembly is drawn out of on one's body.

As mentioned above, according to preferred implementation of the present invention, when employing 30 and miter angle,, therefore also need the bigger duckbill black box 32 of diameter owing to need the bigger apparatus of diameter.Because in valve is used, the space is normally very valuable, particularly for the duckbill black box 32 that uses in trocar assembly, therefore is sought after height minus to minimum.The sealing ruggedness is very important, therefore when inserting or extract apparatus out, adopts the angle of 45 degree to be used for the power of pulling of seal 130,132 is reduced to minimum.

According to preferred embodiment, described duckbill black box 32 is elastomer or cross linked polymer, for example, but is not limited to polyisoprene or silicones.

Endoscope's locked component

Described as top background of the present invention, usually wish endoscope is locked in position with respect to trocar assembly 10, especially with respect to the position of plugger 14.According to the present invention, this endoscope locked component 152 is provided and it is presented at Fig. 3, in 4 and 25.Described endoscope locked component 152 is usually included in when inserting trocar assembly 10 cam mechanism that endoscope is remained in trocar sleeve 44 and/or the obturator 14.Described mechanism uses cam towards endoscope's elasticity of compression piece 154.Then, described elastomer block 154 clamps endoscopies, and avoiding when endoscope assembly inserts, endoscope produces undesirable mobile during surgeon's tissues observed layer.When being opposing moment of torsion and axial load, cam structure keep the ability of endoscope to prepare, for cam lever 156 repeat the swing after acceptable endoscope retentivity prepare, low ergonomic educational level driving cam bar 156 is provided, provide compatible on a large scale, be convenient to using and having long pot-life stability of intuition with the endoscope size.

The cam mechanism that described endoscope is remained in the trocar assembly 10 uses cam face 158 towards endoscope's elasticity of compression piece 154.Then, described elastomer block 154 clamps endoscopies, and avoiding when endoscope assembly inserts, endoscope produces undesirable mobile during surgeon's tissues observed layer.

Locked component 152 comprises shell 160, and described shell 160 has the pipe 162 that extends therein, and described pipe 162 is aimed at the opening that wherein extends.According to the present invention, described pipe is formed with the tip and can be used as plugger and uses.The shape and size of described pipe 162 and described opening are set to make endoscope to extend through, in addition, the shape and size of pipe 162 are set to extend through trocar cannula 12, make locking device 152, comprise that pipe 162 can optionally be fixed to and be used to use endoscope on the trocar sleeve 44.

Being bonded on locked component 152 on the trocar first case member 36 is to finish by fitting pin 164,166, and described fitting pin is to form on the upper surface 168 of the bottom of described locked component shell 160 and first case member 36.Described pin 164,166 allow optionally locked component 152 to be connected on the trocar housing 16 and discharge from trocar housing 16, the preferred embodiment of the present invention discloses a kind of specific latch structure, can use other latch structures under the situation that does not break away from spirit of the present invention.

Locked component shell 160 comprises the cam based on locking mechanism.Described locking mechanism is made up of cam lever 156 and elastomer block 154.Cam lever 156 comprises that pivot is fixed on the first end 170 on the described shell 160 and is suitable for the second end freely 172 that user drives.In when operation, cam lever 156 can move freely between the off-position of external rotation to the latched position of internal rotation and it at it.

According to the present invention, the cam effect is to be provided by the cam face 158 near the first end 170 of cam lever 156.The shape and size of described cam face 158 are set to engageable elastomer block 158, are used for optionally endoscope being locked in locked component 152.About elastomer block 154, it is contained in the cavity of locked component shell 160, and comprises forward direction recess 174, and the shape of described recess 174 and size are suitable for meshing the endoscope of passing described shell aperture.Elastomer block 154 further comprises first and second sidewalls 176,178.Wherein each sidewall 176,178 comprises the recess 180 that meshes with the passage 182 that forms in shell 160.Described passage 182 and recess 180 interact, and to allow elastomer block 154 lateral movements, described lateral movement mode is described in detail below inciting somebody to action.Shell 160 further comprises upper and lower holding member 184,186, is used for stoping safely elastomer block 154 to move up or down at shell 160.At last, elastomer block 154 comprises relative with forward direction recess 174 back to recess 188.The back is set to mesh with the cam face 158 of cam lever 156 to the shape and size of recess 188.

The shape of elastomer block 154 and cam face 158 is set to can eliminate the contact of power, and especially eliminate any contact between elastomer block 154 and cam face 158 before endoscope is positioned in the opening of locked component shell 160.Just as described in detail later, when endoscope is placed in the opening of described locked component shell 160, elastomer block 154 moves to the degree that makes elastomer block 154 enter cam face 158 near-ends to nose bar 156, as long as the starting of described cam lever just is locked in endoscope in the opening.

In operation, locked component 152 uses in the following manner.Elastomer block 154 is positioned at the bottom of locked component shell 160 cam bars 156, and described cam lever 156 can be opened when long-time leaving unused or be closed.Expressly do not contact with cam lever 156 in this point place elastomer block, purpose is to avoid to load any load that may influence through long-time locked component 152 performances of leaving unused on cam lever.Then, if cam lever 156 is closed originally, then the surgeon opens cam lever.Endoscope is inserted in the locked component 154, and the chamfer surface 190 on elastomer block 154 recess 174 is run into by endoscope, and this makes elastomer block 154 upwards lift the near-end that enters cam 156.Then, elastomer block 154 top that leans against endoscope is provided with the back and uses.Cam lever 156 startings then, it is locked compressible aiming (scope lock) and is compressed in the endoscope.The compliance of elastomer block 154 and its great friction coefficient allow locked component 152 and large-scale endoscope size compatibility, and needed ergonomic educational level are reduced to minimum.Then, when applying axial or torque load to endoscope, elastomer block 154 is avoided over-drastic side direction or axially-movable by the parts 182,184,186 on every side that limit its motion.This restriction with crossing center (over center) cam design, prevents that the accidental own accident of cam lever from unblanking.After trocar assembly 10 had inserted in the patient body, cam lever 156 was opened then, and endoscope is removed.If the surgeon wanted to insert again endoscope afterwards, elastomer block 154 turns back to the home position in the locked component 152.Remove from cam lever 156 unload after, the elastomer block 154 of compliance has enough hardness and is returned to its original-shape, provides acceptable endoscope retentivity like this in the process that many bars drive.

Trocar sleeve and piston valve (stop-cock) structure

As mentioned above, trocar sleeve 44 by trocar sleeve shell 16 and from trocar sleeve shell 16 extended trocar cannula 12 form.Trocar sleeve assembly 10 also comprises piston valve 192, is used for permission and prevention and is blown into fluid (for example carbon dioxide) enters the part of trocar housing 16 and trocar cannula 12 by flexible pipe passage.

With reference to the accompanying drawings, trocar cannula 12 and trocar housing 16 machineries cooperate formation trocar sleeve 44.At least a portion trocar cannula 12 is positioned at the second case member seat 38b of second case member 38, and second case member lid 38a is arranged in and is used on the trocar cannula 12 at least a portion trocar cannula 12 is fixed on the second outer shell base 38b.

The internal diameter size that the size of trocar cannula 12 is set to trocar cannula 12 is bigger slightly than the external diameter of the hollow bar of trocar plugger 14, when trocar plugger 14 extends fully through trocar cannula 12 and exceeds, can be by the fluid that piston valve 192 and trocar housing 16 are blown into by the annular opening that between trocar cannula 12 and trocar plugger 14, forms.

The invention provides a kind of bonding and/or curing technology that do not need, be used for the mechanism of machinery assembling trocar cannula 12, trocar housing 16 and piston valve 192.Especially, second case member 38 of trocar housing 16, trocar cannula 12 and piston valve 192 conducts can be with the individual components molding that makes things convenient for and reliable mode is assembled.

Especially, with reference to Figure 17,18,19 and 20, the preferred implementation that a kind of machinery is assembled trocar sleeve 44 is disclosed.When described trocar sleeve 44 assembled fully, trocar sleeve 44 comprised piston valve 192, second case member of being made up of second case member lid 38a and the second case member seat 38b 38, and trocar cannula 12.Carry out the machinery assembling by each parts by the mode of describing in detail below with trocar sleeve 44.Briefly, trocar cannula 12 is installed among the second case member seat 38b, and piston valve 192 is arranged in the middle of them.Second case member lid 38a is installed on the piston valve 192, and the second case member seat 38b and trocar cannula 12 keep together various piece, and the surface that first case member 36 selectively is installed is provided.

About the specific features of composition trocar sleeve 44, and according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, piston valve 192 comprises aims at the wing 194, fluid openings 196 and valve rod 198.Described valve rod 198 comprises banking pin (stop latch) 200.Second case member lid 38a comprises hex hole 202, lid edge 204 and second case member lid sealing 206.The described second case member seat 38b comprises friction post 208, wheel blade 210, and shell edge 212 is used for the space 214 of piston valve 192 and aims at the wing 194.The second case member seat 38b further comprises alignment ribs 216 and pin end face 218, and trocar cannula 12 comprises inlet nipple 220, alignment mark 222 and body seal 224.

When operation, piston valve 192 inserts in the space 214 of the second case member seat 38a.Trocar cannula 12 inserts the opening of the second case member seat 38b.As long as trocar cannula 12 is inserted in the second outer shell base 38b, alignment mark 222 just with wheel blade 210 adjacency, described wheel blade 210 is fixed on trocar cannula 12 on the direction of wishing about the second case member seat 38b.

Lid edge 204 and shell edge 212 couplings.Lid edge 204 also is used for valve rod 198 is remained on piston valve 192, also piston valve 192 and piston rod 198 is remained on original position.

Piston rod 198 is in the position that maximum stream flow allows, i.e. fully open position, and banking pin 200 abuts against on the latch surfaces 218 of the second case member seat 38b.When the operator who this means valve rod 198 can feel that described valve rod 198 is in the position of opening fully and when valve rod 198 is in the position of opening fully by abutment pin surface 218.The operator needn't guess that valve rod 198 is in the position of opening fully, and valve rod 198 rests on the position of opening fully.

The structure of described trocar assembly 44 does not need to connect the binding agent of piston valve 192 and second case member lid 38a, the second case member seat 38b and trocar cannula 12, and this is to be better than the prior art part.

With reference to Figure 21 and 22, another trocar sleeve 44 ' is disclosed, according to this alternate embodiments, trocar sleeve 44 ' comprises piston valve 192 ', the second case member lid 38a ', the second case member seat 38b '.Trocar sleeve 44 ' also comprises trocar cannula 12 ', and it is to similar basically according to the disclosed trocar cannula 12 of front embodiment.

Piston valve 192 ' comprises a valve pipe taper lock extension 226 ', friction post 228 ' and valve rod 198 '.The second case member seat 38b ' comprises extension space 230 ' and a friction post hexagonal boring 232 '.

The valve pipe taper extended lock extension 226 ' of piston valve 192 ' locks onto in the extension space 230 ' of the second case member seat 38b ' of portion.The friction post 228 ' of described piston valve 192 ' is installed in the friction post hexagon boring 230 ' of the second case member seat 38b ', guarantees that piston valve 192 ' is about the second case member seat 38b vertical alignment.

Referring to Figure 23 and 24, they disclose further embodiment.According to described further embodiment, trocar sleeve 44 " comprise that second case member covers 38a ", the second case member seat 38b " and piston valve 192 ".Described trocar sleeve 44 " also comprise trocar cannula 12 ", it is with substantially the same according to the disclosed trocar cannula of the embodiment of front 12.

Piston valve 192 " comprise lock slots projection (locking groove boss) 234 ", valve pipe extension (valvetube extension) 236 " and lock slots 238 ".In addition, second case member lid 38a " comprise locking tongue 240 ", the second case member seat 38b " also comprise valve pipe extension opening 242 " and projection space 244 ".Lock-up valve 192 " valve pipe extension 236 " insert and lock onto the second case member seat 38b by frictional fit or taper locking " and valve pipe extension opening 242 " in.Lock-up valve 192 " lock slots projection 234 " lock onto projection space 244 " in, this is used for helping piston valve 192 " be fixed on the second case member seat 38b ".

As mentioned above, piston valve 192 mechanically is connected on the trocar sleeve 44 by the conical surface that shape and size are set to be suitable for friction engagement.Therefore, the outlet 250 of described piston valve 192 is shaped to along the taper locking surface of its distal surface.Similarly, trocar cannula 12 has inlet nipple 220, is suitable for being connected securely with the taper locking surface of the outlet 250 of piston valve 192.Described taper locking mechanism element comprises 2.0 ° ± 1.0 ° angles of self-sustaining.It is securely fixed in the trocar housing inlet nipple 220.The result of this mechanical connection produces sizable frictional resistance to rotation and linear pullout forces.

Mechanical caging discussed above can be improved by two redundancy features are provided.For example, by cylinder and hexagon pod interlocking, tongue and groove interlocking and/or buckle interlocking can provide the taper lock-in feature.

In addition, according to the foregoing description and with reference to Figure 18, the rotation of piston valve 192 comprises latch 204 and reduces to minimum by being arranged on second case member lid 38a, and case member lid 38a extends down in the opening 256 that forms at valve rod 198 tops.Latch 204 makes piston valve 192 stable, and avoids rotation when the valve rod 198 of piston valve 192 starts.

As described above, trocar sleeve comprises piston valve 192.Described piston valve 192 is installed in the groove that forms in the trocar sleeve 44.Therefore, the outer surface of the piston valve 192 recessed second case member seat 38b, and in the final recessed trocar housing 16.Valve rod 198 further is arranged on the inside of piston valve 192, that is, the valve rod 198 that is used to start piston valve 192 is arranged on the top surface of piston valve 192, rather than is positioned at the below as trocar assembly in the market.By valve rod 198 being positioned at the top of recessed piston valve 192, this trocar assembly 10 provides from the visual angle of potential obstruction and has removed piston valve 192, and simultaneously valve rod 198 is placed into the position that is very easy to obtain.

There is following advantage the inside of piston valve 192 recessed trocar sleeve 44, and at first, this location makes because the obstruction of user when catching the piston valve 192 of trocar assembly 10 to insert reduces to minimum.Therefore, when piston valve 192 no longer stretches out trocar housing 16 surperficial, provide more comfortable handle.Current low section piston valve 192 structures further help avoid adversary's ideal position compromise.The location of current piston valve 192 also helps avoid the accidental operation in the processing.The accidental operation that trocar sleeve 44 moves to patient's contact usually is an occurrence, and this has caused the discharge of body cavity inner fluid, and can lead to the failure when the surgical visual field is subjected to stopping even dangerous situation.

Have the valve rod 198 of the curved surface that meets substantially with trocar housing 16 surfaces by formation, advantage of the present invention further strengthens.In addition, along the longitudinal axis pivoting point of the handle portion of valve rod 198, described valve rod 198 rotates around described pivoting point, so that strengthen the recessed of described piston valve 192.By piston valve 192 is positioned at trocar sleeve 44, especially realize the valve rod 198 controlled rotations of piston valve 192 in the depression that forms in the trocar housing 16.Particularly, and with reference to Figure 17,18,19 and 20, the valve rod 198 of piston valve 192 comprises the latch 200 that is arranged in the valve 198, and when valve rod 198 is in the release position, when promptly being arranged on the through-hole alignment of valve rod 198 and valve body 199, it provides the contact feedback.This design feature is similar to cantilever beam, and described cantilever beam is positioned at an end opposite with the user end of described valve rod 198.

When the make position of valve rod 198 in trocar assembly 10 rotated to the release position, cantilever lever rotation latch 200 contacted with trocar housing 16, and the contact when trocar housing 16 provides valve rod 198 to be in wide-open position is fed back.In described wide-open position, valve rod 198 and valve body 199 through-hole alignments allow best CO ₂Flow.

The characteristics of cantilever rotation latch 200 provide the contact feedback to the surgeon, are in open position to guarantee stop valve 192, and this will provide best CO in the whole surgery process ₂Flow.

Those skilled in the art should be appreciated that by cantilever rotation latch 200 control valve rods 198 and help to make by hole 196 aligning piston valves 192.Fail to aim at normally because the surgeon lacks the tactile feedback of valve rod 198 in the fully open position by hole 196.

In addition, the gusset 264 of reinforcement is arranged on the back side of cantilever rotation latch 260, by making valve rod 198 bendings to avoid excessive rotary valve rod 198.These can be referring to Figure 17 and 18.Excessively rotation will make by the hole and fail to aim at.

Those skilled in the art are bound to understand, and design described above provides many advantages that surpass the prior art assembly.The design of independent trocar cannula 12 described above provides interchangeable outer enclosure performance.Therefore, the industrial design of external shape can easily be changed and be upgraded under the situation of the internal structure that does not change described trocar sleeve.In addition, trocar cannula 12 is assembled into the needs of having eliminated ultra-sonic welded on the connected system of trocar housing 16, this assembly method is by making described device firmer trocar cannula 12 one mold pressings.Those skilled in the art are bound to understand, and existing design uses ultra-sonic welded that trocar cannula 12 is assembled on the trocar housing 16.This package assembly need not to use this welding, and, therefore the ultra-sonic welded failure can not take place.

In addition, trocar housing 16 provides crush rib 266 along its inner surface.These crush rib 266 concentrate in the trocar housing 16 trocar cannula 12.They also produce the little variation in the margin of tolerance, and this little variation seems so unimportant when making the size of trocar cannula 12, also considered inherent variation simultaneously in mold process.

Crush rib 266 further avoids trocar cannula 12 to rotate in trocar housing 16, and this can obtain by the side that extends into trocar cannula 12 when crush rib 266, thereby avoids relative rotation between trocar cannula 12 and trocar housing 16.

Because trocar housing 16 and trocar cannula 12 are structurally quite simple, by reducing core part details excessive on the injection-molding instrument, welding process obtains simplifying.In addition, compare with existing design, the assembling of described system is easy to because form the trocar sleeve assembly all parts can with from the top and under mode assemble.

For piston valve 192, the taper lock that has two redundant lock-in features helps avoid piston valve 192 and drops from trocar sleeve 44.In addition, taper lock provides gastight assembly and has not needed to use binding agent or welding.In addition, piston valve 192 provides various locking surfaces, avoids the rotation of piston valve 192, for example, and post and groove, tongue and groove, the wing on the rib etc.Except taper locking part, the described wing is out of shape gradually in trocar housing 16 back, has eliminated the possibility that removes piston valve 192 from trocar sleeve 44.In addition, crush rib 266 is used for the wing is firmly held in trocar cannula 12.At last, the piston valve 192 of low side surface has the structure that is arranged on the piston rod 198 above the piston valve 192, and this is an aligning of considering piston valve 192, so that optimal air flow to be provided, and provides best aligned tactile feedback to user.

More than show and described preferred embodiment, should be appreciated that above disclosed content is not limited to the present invention, but in the spirit and scope that all modifications of the present invention and selectable structure all fall into accompanying Claim to be limited.

Claims

1. trocar housing that is used for trocar assembly comprises:

Be selectively connected thereto first case member of second case member, wherein above-mentioned first and second case members comprise the hole of alignment, and the shape in hole and size are set to be suitable as the passage that apparatus therefrom passes through.

Selectivity connects the rotation blocking mechanism of above-mentioned first case member and above-mentioned second case member, the rotation blocking mechanism comprises one around the closed block of the case member longitudinal axis with respect to the rotation of first and second case members, connects first and second case members with selectivity.

2. trocar housing according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal axis that centers on of closed block rotation basically with an axle alinement, above-mentioned axle extends through the hole of the alignment of first case member and second case member.

3. trocar housing according to claim 1, wherein rotate the downward adjutage that blocking mechanism comprises that at least one stretches out from first case member, and closed block is mounted in the block ring in second case member, and block ring meshes downward adjutage, optionally first case member is connected to second case member.

4. trocar housing according to claim 3, wherein block ring comprises a block ring cam surface, and adjutage comprises an arm cam surface downwards, and the block ring cam surface contacts the block ring that is used to mesh block ring and downward adjutage with rotation with the arm cam surface.

5. trocar housing according to claim 3, wherein second case member comprises that a downward adjutage therefrom passes the hole that arrives the engagement of first and second case members, above-mentioned hole only a little more greatly than downward adjutage, to prevent the bending of downward adjutage.