CN1694533A - Multi-dimentional scale rate control method of network video coder - Google Patents
Multi-dimentional scale rate control method of network video coder Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This invention relates to a network video encoder multidimensional code rate control method. The image control unit of an input video sequence containing macroblock strips, image frames or image set is divided into different dimensions of set spaces according to the time domain, space domain, time domain transformation, space domain, time domain transformation, space domain transformation and space-time domain transformation, a code rate control unit transmits the time-varying state of band-width, the occupation degree of a buffer zone and resource and process ability of multi-access terminal based on the multiple element isomeric network channels to carry out variable bit rate encode of the divided set space to match with the current video encoder resource, or network transmission code rate, the process ability of the receive end and the decoder, the video decoder reconstructs related multidimensional images to display image sequence based on the grammar ID plugged by received stream.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of control method of technical field of video coding, particularly a kind of multi-dimentional scale rate control method of network video coder that can be applied to constant rate of speed under polynary integrated heterogeneous network, multi-access environment and variable-speed data transmission occasion.
Technical background
Current, general digital tv encoder technology is the MPEG-2 technology of being formulated by MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group), and it is by the ISO/IEC13818 file description; Internet video coding techniques commonly used is the MPEG-4 technology, and it is by the ISO/IEC14496 file description.These files only stipulated code stream that video encoder is compiled out the syntax gauge that must observe. comprise group of picture, picture frame, macro block bar, macro block, piece hierarchical structure, wherein picture frame is divided into intracoded frame, forward-predictive-coded frames, bi-directional predictive coding frame again according to the characteristic of time domain classification, but standard is not made restriction provision to the concrete grammar of Rate Control.Bit rate control method commonly used is TM5 and Q2 algorithm, they comprise the picture frame in the group of picture are made Bit Allocation in Discrete, carried out the macro block Rate Control, carry out at the macro block complexity stages such as adaptive quantizing adjustment according to the exuberant degree of virtual buffering region respectively by file descriptions such as ISO/IEC/JTC1/SC29/WG11/N0400 and ISO/IEC/JTC1/SC29/WG11/M1631.Along with the development of computer internet and different Access Networks, become the main flow of current network Video Applications based on the service mode of do one's best (Best-effort) of dissimilar networking mixing transferring structures.Therefore according to service quality (QoS) demand end to end, no matter be based on the integrated service framework of reservation, also be based on the differentiated service framework of priority, mean that all the resource allocation and the transmission of streams of video data of carrying out variable bit rate become current important application.Carry out the flexible self-adaption code rate control of multimedia video at isomerism network structure, time varying channel state, multiple access business, become the key issue that services such as Web TVs such as Network Video Transmission (IPTV), mobile TV, Streaming Media application are extensively expanded.And existing coding and decoding video bit rate control methods such as traditional TM5 and Q2, at the time Network Transmission bandwidth and the exuberant degree of buffering area that become, mainly be only to control according to the complexity of coding side, carry out the following time-domain frame-skipping of simple threshold judgement, reach the setting of quantization step on spatial domain or the transform domain, the adjustment of mating required variable bit rate.This Rate Control mechanism causes subjective picture quality undesirable, and the fluctuation fluctuating is big and blocky effect is obvious, more can't make adjustment at the disposal ability of polynary (the Internet, mobile radio communication, radio network) heterogeneous network bandwidth change, user's decorder.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of multi-dimentional scale rate control method of network video coder is provided, make the data flow of its output guarantee having good divergence on the basis of good subjective picture quality, fully in conjunction with current traditional video encoder.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, input video sequence of the present invention comprises the macro block bar, the image control unit of picture frame or image sets is according to time-domain, spatial domain, spatial transform, space field transformation, the time-space domain conversion is divided into the ensemble space of different scale, the Rate Control unit is according to the Internet, the polynary heterogeneous network Channel Transmission bandwidth of mobile radio communication or radio network the time become state, the exuberant degree of buffering area, the resource of multi-access terminal and disposal ability, carry out the variable bit rate coding that ensemble space is cut apart, to mate current video encoder resource, the Network Transmission code check, receiving terminal and decoder processes ability, Video Decoder is according to receiving the grammer sign that code stream inserts, carry out corresponding multidimensional scale dependent image reconstruction, sequence of display images.
Described ensemble space is cut apart, and it selects suitable ensemble space according to the fine granulation and the rate-distortion optimization decision rule of Rate Control, carries out variable bit rate coding.The variable bit rate coding that ensemble space is cut apart comprises the steps:
1, at first, the image sequence of input is provided with the image sets of fixed size by the chronological order of input, carries out scene detection.When finding scene change, reset the new images group on the time domain: the residual graph picture frame and the next group of picture that are about in the current group of picture of image sequence merge to constitute a new group of picture.
2, secondly, make the unit,, select the ensemble space of Rate Control, be about to image sets is divided into different scale according to time-domain, spatial domain, spatial transform, spatial transform, time-space domain conversion ensemble space according to network performance and service parameter with group of picture.
The frame per second that the definition terminal shows and the ratio of original input frame rate are the time-domain importance factor; The resolution that the definition terminal shows and the ratio of original image resolution are the spatial domain importance factor; The ratio of each picture frame mean of variance is the transform domain importance factor in the sample averaging variance of definition image sets and the image sets.According to the weight definition consistency measure function of each importance factor, be that the coding of present image group selects suitable ensemble space to cut apart according to the value thresholding of consistency measure function.
If cut apart according to time-domain, then the image sets in the input imagery sequence to be carried out multiple interval and divide, the each division at interval can be configured to a plurality of subintervals set relevant on the time domain; If cut apart according to spatial domain, then the picture frame in the input imagery sequence is carried out spatial multiplex resolution down conversion, each spatial resolution down conversion can be configured to multi-resolution images picture frame relevant on the spatial domain; If according to spatial transform, then the image sets in the input imagery sequence is carried out multiple spatial transform, the coefficient of each spatial transform carries out interval division to constitute a plurality of spatial transform picture frames; If according to spatial transform, then picture frame is carried out the conversion of spatial multiplex territory, the coefficient of each space field transformation is divided into the interval of different importance according to position and thresholding; If according to space-time transformation, then the image sets in the input imagery sequence is carried out multiple three-dimensional space-time conversion, the coefficient of each three-dimensional space-time conversion is divided into the interval of different importance according to position and thresholding.
3, the Rate Control unit is cut apart selected image sets ensemble space, selects conversion, quantification and entropy coding, and inserts corresponding grammer sign in the code stream that coding unit generates, and transmits.
4, the intact image sets of the every volume in Rate Control unit is upgraded the bit number of generation that it selects the set space segmentation, carries out the pre-judgement that exuberant degree judgement of buffering area and Rate Control ensemble space are cut apart.
5, the local decode module of video encoder is carried out correspondence image reconstruct according to the correlation that ensemble space is cut apart.
Internet video codec multi-dimentional scale method for controlling self-adaption code rate of the present invention, with the subjective demand under human-eye visual characteristic and the different application environment, in conjunction with traditional objective image quality, by cutting apart at the multi-dimentional scale of time-domain, spatial domain, spatial transform, spatial transform, time-space domain conversion, realize the progressive division of a kind of scalable, extendible ensemble space, according to the control under the rate distortion prediction, make the data flow of output can mate multiple resource constraint by the Rate Control unit.Computing of the present invention realizes having good divergence and compatibility.No matter be implementation structure and the bit rate control method with respect to conventional video encoder, still at the application and the conversion of existing network video traffic, method of the present invention all has applicability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 schematic diagram of the present invention.
The time-domain of Fig. 2 embodiment of the invention is cut apart schematic diagram.
The spatial domain of Fig. 3 embodiment of the invention is cut apart schematic diagram.
Schematic diagram is cut apart in the time-domain conversion of Fig. 4 embodiment of the invention.
The space field transformation of Fig. 5 embodiment of the invention is cut apart schematic diagram.
Schematic diagram is cut apart in the time-space domain conversion of Fig. 6 embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and the further execution mode that specifically describes.
Because network video service relates to Web TV widely, video telephone, video conferencing, business models such as video request program, make existing independently polynary heterogeneous network comprise the Internet, mobile radio communication, radio network becomes integrated channel, different service quality guarantees, different access channel bandwidth, different terminal processing capacity, different application service demands etc., all make in the existing complex video encoder and sink into to ossify and crag-fast stage, handle by the transcoding of heterogeneous networks node in the service transmission channel often at present and carry out relaying based on the Rate Control mechanism of quantization step adjustment.The structural extended of video encoder and resource-adaptive become the key issue that need put forth effort to solve, the multi-dimentional scale rate control method of network video coder that the present invention proposes, be a kind of concrete implementation strategy, the control method that it has adopted various code rate to adjust on traditional video encoder system basis.Operating procedure is as follows:
1, as shown in Figure 1, the original image group is carried out scene detection and tissue.
2, network measuring administrative unit returns to the Rate Control unit according to the variation of the network bandwidth with network performance parameter (bandwidth, shake and time delay).
The Rate Control unit obtains network performance parameter, according to generation bit number S, the exuberant degree of the buffering area B of last encoded image group
c, current image sets to be encoded (comprising the N two field picture) is carried out target code word T
GDistribute.
T wherein
G' be the target code word of previous image group, Δ
1Be the weight coefficient of code assignment, R
CBe channel width, F is current coding frame per second.
Make { B
t, B
s, B
fBe respectively the bit number that up-to-date image sets generates at time-domain, spatial domain, transform domain ensemble space, respectively computing time territory, spatial domain, transform domain importance factor T
Q, S
Q, F
QThereby, calculate consistency measure function: M=w
tT
M+ w
sS
M+ w
fF
M, { w wherein
t, w
p, w
fBe respectively the weight coefficient and the w of different importance factor
t+ w
p+ w
f=1.
According to minimizing criterion
To current image sets to be encoded, carry out corresponding multi-dimentional scale cut apart (Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6).
As shown in Figure 2, the multiple interval of carrying out time-domain is cut apart, and is divided into two number of sub images groups as the original image group by strange, bigraph picture frame, and each subimage group continues to divide by strange, even permutation, forms the image sets subinterval of different levels.The subinterval of low level can be carried out high-level subinterval prediction according to the time domain interpositioning and be rebuild, and reconstruction can be predicted according to the forward and backward correlation of time domain in the different subintervals of identical level.The bi-directional predicted B two field picture of interpolation in the conventional video coding standard, time domain frame-skipping image all belong to the particular condition that this time domain is cut apart.
As shown in Figure 3, carry out the multiple of spatial domain and cut apart, carry out down conversion (for example be transformed to 352 * 288, be transformed to again 176 * 144 etc.) by spatial resolution, form the subimage frame sequence of different levels by resolution 704 * 576 as original image frame.The subimage frame sequence of low level can carry out high-level subimage sequence prediction according to the spatial domain interpositioning and rebuild.
As shown in Figure 4, the frequency domain yardstick interval of carrying out the time domain multiple transform is cut apart, press the Haar small echo or be decomposed into low, two sequence of intervals of high frequency by (5,3) wavelet transformation as the original image group, each low frequency sequence can continue to be decomposed into high-level low, high frequency sequence of intervals.The low frequency sequence of low level can be by high-level low, the synthetic reconstruct of high frequency series.
As shown in Figure 5, the frequency domain yardstick interval of carrying out the spatial domain multiple transform is cut apart, and carrying out spatial decomposition as original image frame according to wavelet transformation is LL, HL, LH, HH subband, and each LL subband can continue to be decomposed into high-level LL, HL, LH, HH subband.High-level sets of subbands can be synthesized the low frequency sub-band of low level.
As shown in Figure 6, the frequency domain yardstick interval of carrying out the time-space domain multiple transform is cut apart, carrying out spatial decomposition as original image frame according to 3 D wavelet transformation is LLL, LHH, LHL, LLH, HLL, HHL, HLH, HHH subband, and each LLL subband can continue to be decomposed into 8 high-level subbands.High-level sets of subbands can be synthesized the low frequency sub-band of low level.
3, will select the vision signal that ensemble space is partitioned into, and select to carry out follow-up conversion, quantification, coding, the descriptor that set is cut apart will be inserted code stream as side information with motion vector, pass through Network Transmission.
4, after coding was finished this image sets, the corresponding ensemble space of update image group was cut apart up-to-date generation bit number S and B
i, i ∈ { t, s, f}, prediction buffering area B
cExuberant degree state,
If
Less than 0, the mode that does not adopt this ensemble space to cut apart to next image sets coding then.
Simultaneously, according to the thresholding of setting, relatively the generation bit number B of this image sets
i, i ∈ { t, s, f} and target bit T
GDepart from, when exceeding thresholding, the mode that does not adopt this ensemble space to cut apart to next image sets coding then.
5, after decoder is received code stream, according to decoding the video information of characteristic dimensions and yardstick, carry out correspondence image reconstruct according to the correlation that ensemble space is cut apart with the encoder corresponding decoder according to the descriptor in the code stream and encoded content.
If the cutting apart of time-domain, then the subinterval of low level can be carried out high-level subinterval prediction according to the time domain interpositioning and rebuild, and reconstruction can be predicted according to the forward and backward correlation of time domain in the different subintervals of identical level; If the cutting apart of spatial domain, then the subgraph picture frame of low level can carry out high-level subgraph picture frame prediction according to the spatial domain interpositioning and rebuilds; If the cutting apart of spatial transform, then the image of low level can be synthetic by high-level changing image frame; If the cutting apart of space field transformation, then the interval of low level can be synthetic by high-level interval; If the cutting apart of time-space domain conversion, the interval of low level can be synthesized in then high-level interval.
Experimental result shows: adopt Rate Control structure of the present invention and method, use and different display terminals at low code check, very flexible and good access control and Display Technique is provided, can have effectively overcome traditional blocky effect and improve subjective picture quality.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of multi-dimentional scale rate control method of network video coder, it is characterized in that, input video sequence comprises the macro block bar, the image control unit of picture frame or image sets is according to time-domain, spatial domain, spatial transform, space field transformation, the time-space domain conversion is divided into the ensemble space of different scale, the Rate Control unit is according to the Internet, the polynary heterogeneous network Channel Transmission bandwidth of mobile radio communication or radio network the time become state, the exuberant degree of buffering area, the resource of multi-access terminal and disposal ability, carry out the variable bit rate coding that ensemble space is cut apart, to mate current video encoder resource, the Network Transmission code check, receiving terminal and decoder processes ability, Video Decoder is according to receiving the grammer sign that code stream inserts, carry out corresponding multidimensional scale dependent image reconstruction, sequence of display images.
2, multi-dimentional scale rate control method of network video coder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described ensemble space is cut apart, it is according to the fine granulation and the rate-distortion optimization decision rule of Rate Control, select suitable ensemble space, carry out variable bit rate coding.
3, as claim 1 or 2 described multi-dimentional scale rate control method of network video coder, it is characterized in that the variable bit rate coding that described ensemble space is cut apart comprises the steps:
1. at first, the image sequence of input is provided with the image sets of fixed size by the chronological order of input, carries out scene detection;
2. secondly, make the unit,, select the ensemble space of Rate Control, be about to image sets is divided into different scale according to time-domain, spatial domain, spatial transform, spatial transform, time-space domain conversion ensemble space according to network performance and service parameter with group of picture;
3. the Rate Control unit is cut apart selected image sets ensemble space, selects conversion, quantification and entropy coding, and inserts corresponding grammer sign in the code stream that coding unit generates, and transmits;
4. the intact image sets of the every volume in Rate Control unit is upgraded the bit number of generation that it selects the set space segmentation, carries out the pre-judgement that exuberant degree judgement of buffering area and Rate Control ensemble space are cut apart;
5. the local decode module of video encoder is cut apart according to ensemble space and to be carried out correspondence image reconstruct.
4, multi-dimentional scale rate control method of network video coder as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, step 1. in, described scene detection, when finding scene change, reset the new images group on the time domain: the residual graph picture frame and the next group of picture that are about in the current group of picture of image sequence merge to constitute a new group of picture.
5, multi-dimentional scale rate control method of network video coder as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, step 2. in, the frame per second that the definition terminal shows and the ratio of original input frame rate are the time-domain importance factor; The resolution that the definition terminal shows and the ratio of original image resolution are the spatial domain importance factor; The ratio of each picture frame mean of variance is the transform domain importance factor in the sample averaging variance of definition image sets and the image sets, according to the weight definition consistency measure function of each importance factor, be that the coding of present image group selects suitable ensemble space to cut apart according to the value thresholding of consistency measure function.
6, multi-dimentional scale rate control method of network video coder as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, step 2. in, described image sets is divided into the ensemble space of different scale according to time-domain, spatial domain, spatial transform, spatial transform, time-space domain conversion, be specially:
Cut apart according to time-domain, then the image sets in the input imagery sequence is carried out multiple interval and divide, the each division at interval is configured to a plurality of subintervals set on the time domain;
Cut apart according to spatial domain, then the picture frame in the input imagery sequence is carried out spatial multiplex resolution down conversion, each spatial resolution down conversion is configured to multi-resolution images picture frame on the spatial domain;
According to spatial transform, then the image sets in the input imagery sequence is carried out multiple spatial transform, the coefficient of each spatial transform carries out interval division to constitute a plurality of spatial transform picture frames;
According to spatial transform, then picture frame is carried out the conversion of spatial multiplex territory, the coefficient of each space field transformation is divided into the interval according to position and thresholding;
According to space-time transformation, then the image sets in the input imagery sequence is carried out multiple three-dimensional space-time conversion, the coefficient of each three-dimensional space-time conversion is divided into the interval according to position and thresholding.
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| US5671253A (en) * | 1995-07-12 | 1997-09-23 | Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc. | Apparatus for demodulating and decoding video signals encoded in different formats |
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