CN1694430A - Gateway penetration method based on UDP flow media server of NAT - Google Patents
Gateway penetration method based on UDP flow media server of NAT Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This invention relates to a method for UDP data packet sent by a clear server passing through the gateway, that is the clear Nat method, in which the clear server can identify IP address and port of an internal customer end and makes an image of the IP address and port of the Nat server with those of the internal customer end to send the UDP data of the server end to the NAT server by substituting the IP address and port, then the NAT server forwards the data to the customer end at the internal net so as to realize passing through the gateway and transferring multimedia information in Internet effectively.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the network multimedia technology field, relate to a kind of gateway penetration method of the UDP streaming media server based on NAT.Specifically, be chiefly directed in the network multimedia, make streaming media server ClearServer can discern IP (procotol) address and the port numbers of Intranet client, the multi-medium data of server end can be sent to the method for client smoothly, thereby real-time and effective transmits multimedia messages in the internet.
Background technology
Streaming Media (Media Streaming) technology is meant supports that multimedia data stream transmits to client from server by network, and recipient's edge joint is received the technology that play on the limit.The Streaming Media application requires video usually and audio frequency is continuous, clear and broadcast in real time, and just service has proposed requirement to network for this: 1) necessary real-time transmission data, only can tolerate a spot of delay (hundreds of millisecond); 2) the transmission data are reliable relatively, the loss of data of tolerance some; 3) guarantee certain bandwidth, can play in real time to guarantee data quantity transmitted.
Internet (internet) provides two kinds of service: TCP (transmission control protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protoco (UDP)) to web application.TCP adopts the control of congestion control policy and transmission rate to solve congestion problems and the transmission rate in the transmission and accept the speed mismatch problem by confirming and the error-free transmission sequentially of retransmission mechanism assurance data simultaneously.But TCP has but sacrificed the transmission speed of data when adopting above-mentioned control strategy, so use for the bigger Streaming Media of transmitted data amount, adopts the TCP transmission to be difficult to guarantee real time of data transmission.And the UDP transmission means does not have congested control and the transmission rate control of TCP, do not provide reliability of data transmission to guarantee yet, but but guaranteed transmitting speed, satisfied key factor---the real-time during Streaming Media is used, so more and more adopted by the Streaming Media application system.
ClearServer is a kind of emerging UDP streaming media server, the congested control that has realized the control of video quality and transmission rate and met industrial standard significantly improves streaming media service quality with this, and the transfer function of network bandwidth adaptive arranged, can regulate the media delivery code check by the network actual state, solve the delay problem in the Streaming Media transmission, promptly adopted the UDP host-host protocol can obtain higher transfer rate.The ClearServer server end receives after RTSP (Real Time Streaming Protocol real-time streaming protocol) the packet request that comprises client-requested information, the resolution data bag is obtained the IP address and the port numbers of client, according to client ip address of obtaining and port numbers, the multi-medium data of client requests is sent to client.But, there are a such problem in this reception and transmit mechanism: if an intranet (Intranet) machine is in program request ClearServer, because Intranet machine IP address is unknowable for the machine on the common Internet, promptly for streaming media server ClearServer, the IP address and the port numbers that comprise in the RTSP packet of client-requested information are unrecognizable, according to IP address and the port numbers in this packet, ClearServer can't be dealt into client with the stream medium data of client-requested.
Since the UDP host-host protocol be one towards connectionless service, promptly initial " shaking hands " stage that between two processes, does not connect, so when a process was wanted to send a collection of byte toward another process, the transmit leg process must join the address of purpose process in the byte of transmission.In the time of program request ClearServer, comprise the IP address and the port number information of client in the RTSP request byte that client sends.After the RTSP request arrived ClearServer, ClearServer resolved it, obtains the IP address and the port number information of client, the RTSP of server response client request then.Before sending the UDP stream medium data to client, earlier the stream medium data that will send is carried out " packing ", serve as to send the destination with the client ip address and the port of resolving RTSP request gained, then the UDP message bag is sent.
In Intranet, the IP address of any computer only is an interim IP address, and promptly the machine of Intranet outside can't be discerned this IP address.So in the time of certain computer program request ClearServer server of Intranet, client sends to the IP address that comprises in the grouping of server end in fact " virtual ", serves as that the UDP message bag that sends the destination can't arrive client with this IP address.So, must find out a kind of method, find " address " of Intranet client, make server end can find client, thereby stream medium data is sent to client according to this " address ".
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of IP address and port numbers that makes streaming media server Clear Media Server can discern the Intranet client, the multi-medium data of server end is sent to the method for client smoothly, and we are called the ClearNat method.The gateway that moves on the network generally all provides NAT service at present, i.e. network address translation.The present invention is applicable to penetrate provides NAT the gateway of service, below is referred to as the NAT server.The mapping that this method need be set up Intranet IP address, port and NAT server ip address, port for the client of the machine of Intranet is so that streaming media server ClearServer can send to media data penetrating NAT server on the player of Intranet machine.The computation complexity of this method is lower, and is effective, to the not influence of other application processes of main control server, and can support big Intranet concurrent user's use in streaming media server ClearServer.
The client place computer of Intranet of IP address, port be in to(for) streaming media server are sightless, that is to say, mutual by RTSP, the Intranet IP address that server ClearServer obtains, port are disabled in fact, promptly the UDP message bag of request program can't be sent to the client that is in Intranet.And the NAT that gateway provides service makes server have by way of correct must to send the UDP message bag.When the computer of Intranet when outer net sends the UDP message bag, the NAT server can write down IP address, the port (being designated as A, B) of inner net computer, and on the NAT server, select a port C immediately, the UDP message bag that forwarding sends over from Intranet, and with the port C on the NAT server and mapping of Intranet IP address A, port B composition, after this, the UDP message bag that sends back to NAT Service-Port C from outer net all can be forwarded to the port B of Intranet IP address A.Therefore, as long as the UDP streaming media server is sent to port correct on the NAT server with packet, the UDP message bag just can be forwarded to the client that is in Intranet so.Key is, allow UDP streaming media server ClearServer set up the mapping of Intranet IP address, port and NAT server ip address, port.Cooperating of program by operating in client and server end two sides, can accomplish this point, this is the basic principle of ClearNat method just.In view of the above, claim that the present invention is the gateway penetration method based on the UDP streaming media server of NAT.
Concrete job step of the present invention is as follows:
At first, need OCX (ActiveX control) to operate on the program request webpage that client browses.After the link of the program request on user's webpage clicking, inform OCX by webpage, the IP address of username information, user's program request film name information and streaming media server ClearServer.OCX is according to these information architecture UDP message bags, and wherein the content of data segment comprises the program names of user's Intranet IP address, Intranet UDP receiving port and program request.Intranet UDP receiving port is exactly the port of user's video player wait reception UDP message bag in fact, and OCX can dynamically determine port numbers (under the RTSP agreement, being generally 4 continuous ports) according to the difference configuration of different players.After the UDP message bag makes up and finishes, send to the IP address (agreement port 8888 is optional in actual the realization) of streaming media server ClearServer.The corresponding port mapping of each UDP message bag, four continuous port mapping form one group.
Then, the ClearServer server end has a clearnat process, is responsible for receiving and handles OCX sending over the UDP message bag.After receiving a UDP message bag, resolve the udp protocol head earlier, obtain the IP address and the port in UDP message bag source, just the IP address and the port of NAT server.Then resolve the UDP message section, obtain user's Intranet IP address and port (user name and program names are to be used to judge whether this UDP message bag has reflected up-to-date information, to prevent to produce repetition and wrong mapping relations).Again the IP address and the port of NAT server are formed pair of end mouth mapping relations with Intranet IP address and port, and note, then receive next UDP message bag then.After neat 4 the continuous port mapping of collection, just they are concerned as one group of complete port mapping, and, pass to the main control server of ClearServer by IPC (interprocess communication) mode each complete group mapping relations.Main control server receives the mapping relations group, and is kept at and concerns in the group record table.
At last, need when sending the UDP message bag, client remove to check mapping relations group record table earlier when the ClearServer main control server.For the client program request that comes from Intranet, server just replaces Intranet IP address, the port of client place computer with NAT address, port in the mapping relations.That is, with NAT IP address, port transmission destination as the UDP message bag.
Like this, in fact ClearServer will send the UDP message bag to the NAT server, and after packet arrives the NAT server, will must be forwarded to the client that is in Intranet by correct.Allow Intranet user also can enjoy the service of video request program.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a method structure chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the workflow diagram of OCX.
Fig. 3 is the workflow diagram of clearnat process.
Fig. 4 handles the go forward side by side workflow diagram of the functional module that the row address port replaces of mapping relations in the main control server.
Embodiment
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the UDP message bag that makes that the invention provides a kind of novelty penetrates the method for gateway (NAT server) smoothly, i.e. ClearNat method is referring to Fig. 1.What Fig. 1 described is the structure of ClearNat method.The reflection of the label of circle is the order of data flow among the figure.IP address and port only are exemplary.
Describe the workflow of ClearNat method below in detail.
The first, the present invention need move an OCX on the program request webpage of Intranet client.The workflow of OCX is referring to Fig. 2.Put sowing time when the user carries out VOD (Video On Demand), at first can click the link of some programs on the video request program webpage.Like this, webpage will pass to the OCX that moves, step 202 in the corresponding diagram to some necessary information on webpage.Information comprises: the IP address of the program names of user name, program request and vod server ClearServer.After OCX receives these information, the step 204 of having arrived.OCX need determine the port of this machine player monitoring reception UDP video data.Generally speaking, for the QuickTime Player of Apple company, can be initial with 6970, per 4 continuous ports are a player job.For example, on the computer, first QuickTime Player uses port 6970-6973, and second QuickTime Player uses port 6974-6977, by that analogy.For the WindowsMedia Player of MicroSoft company, can specify the port that receives the UDP video data for it, OCX dynamically selects the port of one group of free time to use for Windows Media Player at every turn.Like this, OCX just determines this machine UDP message receiving port according to the player that the user uses, and binding.Then enter step 206, OCX writes the local side slogan of determining in the data segment of UDP message bag together with this machine IP address, user name, request program name.The corresponding UDP message bag of each port, 4 are combined into one group.At last, in the step 208, the IP address of the ClearServer server of getting along quite well according to webpage is sent to the UDP message bag that makes up in the step 206 8888 ports (agreement in actual the realization) of ClearServer.Considering that Intranet arrives the link general environment of outer net can be not fine, and packet loss may appear in UDP, then in step 208, can take the redundant strategy that sends, and each UDP message bag is sent multipass, can effectively reduce packet loss.In fact, be sent to Tsing-Hua University's (outer net environment) by Fudan University's (Intranet environment), each UDP message bag sends 3 times just almost can guarantee not have packet loss.
The second, at UDP streaming media video vod server ClearServer end, the process of a clearnat by name of operation.Its function is reception, handles the UDP message bag that OCX sends, and complete, up-to-date port mapping is concerned that group sends to the master control process.The workflow of clearnat is referring to Fig. 3.Clearnat starts and in the 8888 ports monitoring of arranging, after receiving a UDP message bag, just begins to handle in the step 302.Step 304 is resolved udp header, obtains the IP address and the port of NAT server; Resolve the UDP message section, obtain user name, request program name, Intranet IP address and port.If the IP address in the udp header is identical with the Intranet IP address in the UDP message section, illustrate that then this user carries out program request outside on the net, do not need to use method of the present invention, program continues to wait for next UDP message bag.If the Intranet program request is then formed mapping relations with the IP address of NAT server and the IP address and the port of port and Intranet.The mapping relations record sheet (step 306) of inquiry oneself maintenance if the record of repetition is arranged, illustrates that this is a redundant UDP message bag, then abandons it simply then; Otherwise judge ageing (step 308) of these mapping relations again according to user name, request program name, promptly whether reflected up-to-date user's order request, be, then with these mapping relations records (step 310); , then simply do not abandon.Enter step 312, write down next mapping relations at every turn, just remove to check whole mapping relations record sheet, look at whether to collect neat one group of complete mapping relations, that is, and the mapping relations of 4 contiguous ports on the same Intranet IP address.If no, just continue to wait for the arrival of next UDP message bag; If obtain one group of complete mapping relations, just with this mapping relations group, pass to main control server (step 314) by IPC (Inter-Process Communication interprocess communication) mode, continue to wait for the UDP message bag then.
The 3rd, on main control server, a functional module is arranged, be responsible for handling the information that sends over from the clearnat process, and before server sends UDP message, carry out the necessary IP address and the replacement of port.Fig. 4 has described the flow process of this functional module.It waits for the information (step 402) from clearnat in the message circulation of main control server, receive (step 404) after the mapping relations group information that clearnat sends over, at first in the mapping relations group record table of oneself, inquire about whether identical record (step 406) is arranged, if identical record arranged then abandon this mapping relations group, continue to wait for mapping relations group information, if not then this record is added to (step 408) in the record sheet.When the order request that client is arranged arrives main control server (step 410), just go to inquire about in the mapping relations group record table, look at whether to have to mapping relations records (step 412) that should the user, if do not have, show that then this user is common outer net program request client, need not to use method of the present invention, (step 414); If have, show that then this user is the client by the Intranet program request, so when this client sends UDP message,, replace Intranet IP address and port just with NAT server ip address and port in the mapping relations group.
Performance of the present invention is as follows:
Complexity:
N client handled the required calculating of doing of NAT information more and comprised that plus-minus calculates and the computation of table lookup computation complexity is O (N
2).
Processing time:
Mainly inquiry and processing operation in the ClearNat information processing to information table.Table 1 is to test the required CPU time of information table query manipulation.Test environment: processor: Centrino 1.5G, internal memory 512M, operating system WindowsXP.
| The node number | 0 | ?500 | ?10000 | ?50000 | ?100000 | ?1000000 |
| The traversal time | 0 | ?＜1ms | ?＜1ms | ?＜1ms | ?＜1ms | 30ms once in a while, general 20ms |
The required CPU time of table 1 look-up table operation
The master control process is considerably less to operation required times such as the inquiry of nat port mapping table and processing, even the interstitial content in the nat port mapping table reaches 100000, doing one query and handle the required time also basically can be less than 1ms.
Influence to concurrent number:
Because the table lookup operation required time is fewer, have only client to reach 100000 each table lookup operation required times when above just above 10ms.When N=1000000, perhaps this scheduling for master control process (Main Process) will bring some difficulties.But this concurrent number is to suppose that each client is an Intranet user, and carries out video request program by the NAT server.In actual applications, the client of server has certainly to be directly connected to by public network greatly and carries out video request program on the streaming media server.
In a word, adopt ClearNat method of the present invention, the UDP message bag that can allow streaming media server ClearServer send penetrates gateway (NAT server) smoothly, and the video-on-demand service of high-quality is provided for the client that is in Intranet.
Mode of the present disclosure has been described the disclosure and optimal mode of the present invention, should be appreciated that and recognize, many modes that are equivalent to exemplary embodiment disclosed herein are arranged, and can make amendment and be out of shape under situation about not departing from the scope of the present invention with spirit, the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of exemplary embodiment and the restriction of the claim of only being added.
Claims (2)
1. an IP address and port numbers that makes streaming media server ClearServer can discern the Intranet client sends to the method for client smoothly with the multi-medium data of server end, it is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
A. an OCX is operated on the program request webpage that client browses; After the link of the program request on user's webpage clicking, inform OCX by webpage, the information of username information, user's request program and the IP address of streaming media server ClearServer; OCX is according to these information architecture UDP message bags, and wherein the content of data segment comprises the programm name of user's Intranet IP address, Intranet UDP receiving port and program request; After the UDP message bag makes up and finishes, will send to the IP address (agreement port 8888 is optional in actual the realization) of streaming media server ClearServer.The corresponding port mapping of each UDP message bag, four continuous port mapping form one group;
The b.ClearServer server end has a clearnat process, is responsible for receiving and handles OCX sending over the UDP message bag; After receiving a UDP message bag, resolve the udp protocol head, obtain the IP address and the port in UDP message bag source; Resolve the UDP message section, obtain the IP address and the port of Intranet; Clearnat sends to main control server with one group of complete mapping relations by IPC (interprocess communication) mode;
C. main control server receives the mapping relations group, and is kept in the mapping relations group record table; When main control server need be when client sends the UDP message bag, remove to check mapping relations group record table earlier, for the client program request that comes from Intranet, server just replaces Intranet IP address, the port of client place computer with NAT address, port in the mapping relations.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, in step b, comprising:
With IP address and port and the Intranet IP address and the port composition pair of end mouth mapping relations of NAT server, and note, then receive next UDP message bag then; After neat 4 the continuous port mapping of collection, just they are concerned as one group of complete port mapping, and, pass to the main control server process of ClearServer by IPC (interprocess communication) mode each complete group mapping relations.
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