CN1693216A - Process for preparing ruthenium sulfide nanopartical - Google Patents
Process for preparing ruthenium sulfide nanopartical Download PDFInfo
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- CN1693216A CN1693216A CN 200510038637 CN200510038637A CN1693216A CN 1693216 A CN1693216 A CN 1693216A CN 200510038637 CN200510038637 CN 200510038637 CN 200510038637 A CN200510038637 A CN 200510038637A CN 1693216 A CN1693216 A CN 1693216A
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Abstract
A process for preparing the ruthenium sulfide nanoparticles in the form of sphere or crystal includes such steps as proportionally dissolving hydrated RuCl3 and thioacetylamine in polyethanediol 2000, ultrasonic chemical reaction, cooling, centrifugal separation, washing deposit, drying in air to obtain amorphous ruthenium sulfide nanospheres, and calcining at 600-800 deg.C for 2-4 hr in N2 to obtain its nanocrystals.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates under the ultrasonic wave radiation, prepare the method for vulcanizing ruthenium nano-particle.
Two, background technology
The transition metal chalcogenide has caused scientific circles' extensive concern because of its importance in the technology application facet, and they are used as catalyzer, the solid lubricant of photocatalyst material, hydrodesulfurization process, cathode material of high energy density cells or the like usually.In recent years, transition metal chalcogenide nanoparticle has evoked the great research enthusiasm of scientists because of it has big surface volume ratio, high activity, the photoelectric properties of uniqueness and minimum space three-dimensional structure.In the transition metal chalcogenide, the sulfuration ruthenium becomes one of active material of tool potentiality very soon, and it has a series of special nature, and has a wide range of applications in numerous areas.For example, it is one of active catalyzer of tool in the hydrodesulfurization process.And, because it has very wide absorption, extremely strong anti-light erosive ability and has narrow bandwidth in the visible region, it has very big magnetism [referring to (a) H.Ezzaouia in the photoelectrochemistry Application Areas, R.Heindl, R.Parsons, H.Tributsch, J. Electroanal.Chem.145 (1983) 279; (b) H.M.Kuhne, W.Jaegermann and H.Tributsch, Chem.Phys.Letters112 (1984) 160; (c) H.M.Kuhne and H.Tfibutsch, J.Electroanal.Chem.201 (1986) 263.].But, it is reported, the activity of sulfuration ruthenium depends on that to a great extent the preparation method is [referring to D.H.M.W.Thewissen, E.A.van der Z-Assink, K.Timmer, A.H.A.Tinnemans and A.Mackor, J.Chem.Soc.Chem.Commun. (1984) 941.] because different preparation methods can change the physical properties of material.
By following several method preparation, promptly the solid reaction of ruthenium element and element sulphur, chemical vapor transport method (Chemical Vapor Transport), tellurium flow method (Tellurium Flux Method), chemical deposition etc. to sulfuration ruthenium powder body material.But these methods all come with some shortcomings in preparation process.For example, the solid reaction of ruthenium element and element sulphur needs temperature height, time long; The transfer agent that contains high density in the sulfuration ruthenium crystal that chemical vapor transport method makes, and strong thermopositive reaction may cause blast between the uncontrollable vapour pressure of transfer agent and raw material and the transfer agent; The sulfuration ruthenium monocrystalline of tellurium stream method preparation is also impure, contains a spot of tellurium element; And chemical deposition has used hypertoxic solvent in preparation.In recent years, the research of preparation sulfuration ruthenium nano material has obtained development, some new preparation methods occurred, and this is comprising sonochemistry method, reverse microemulsion process etc.The earliest the sonochemistry method is applied in the nano material preparation is K.S.Suslick professor's seminar.Being operated in the ultrasonic nano materials field of seminar of A.Gedanken professor also has influence power.Their method by sonochemistry prepare in the aqueous solution of ruthenium trichloride and thiocarbamide vulcanizes ruthenium nano particle [referring to P.Jeevanandam, Yu.Koltypin, Y.Gofer, Y.Diamant, A.Gedanken, J.Mater.Chem.10 (2000) 2769.], but the random pattern of the nanoparticle that obtains and some reunion.At present, do not see the report that under the ultrasonic wave radiation, utilizes polyol to reach relevant amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball as the method preparation sulfuration ruthenium nano-particle of reductive agent as yet.
Three, summary of the invention
The preparation method who the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball or crystalline form sulfuration ruthenium nano particle.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method for preparing amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball or crystalline form sulfuration ruthenium nano particle, it is that hydrate ruthenium trichloride and thioacetamide are dissolved in the Macrogol 200, wherein the ratio of the amount of substance of hydrate ruthenium trichloride and thioacetamide is 1: 3～1: 4, and the concentration of hydrate ruthenium trichloride is 1.1mmol/L～2.2mmol/L, and it is that sonochemistry reaction 1.5-2.5 hours is carried out in the ultrasonic radiation of 20-40KHz under the room temperature normal pressure that this mixture is placed frequency.In reaction process, because heating/cooling device not, temperature of charge can rise to some extent.To be cooledly carry out centrifugal (10000 commentaries on classics/min later on to room temperature, 5min), with ethanol and acetone washing precipitate successively, place room temperature and air to dry naturally resulting throw out then, obtain dark gray powder, be amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball of the present invention, again the calcining under 600-800 ℃, nitrogen atmosphere condition of amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball promptly get crystalline form of the present invention in 2-4 hour and vulcanize ruthenium nano particle.
Above-mentioned preparation method, its sonochemistry reaction will be carried out in the direct insertion reaction thing of the ultrasonic probe solution.
Amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball of the present invention is through XRD determining, the result shows that it is an amorphous structure, there is not tangible XRD diffraction peak, but the sample of amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball after 650 ℃ of calcinings, find that through XRD determining it is a polycrystalline sulfuration ruthenium, the position at peak and intensity all with literature value coupling [referring to Joint Committee on Powder DiffractionStandards (JCPDS), File no.19-1107.].Do not find the dephasign peak, the purity that shows sample is than higher.The TEM photo is analyzed, and observes amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball size homogeneous of the present invention, the pattern rule, and diameter is 200-300nm, and the product of finding to change into crystalline form after calcining no longer keeps the pattern of ball, but nanoparticle is of a size of 20-40nm.
Simple and easy, the convenience of the method for vulcanizing ruthenium nano-particle for preparing under the ultrasonic wave radiation of the present invention can prepare amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball, also can prepare crystalline form sulfuration ruthenium nano particle.The amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball size homogeneous of preparation, the pattern rule, diameter is the 200-300 nanometer.The crystalline form sulfuration ruthenium nano particle purity height of preparation is of a size of the 20-40 nanometer.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 be amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball of the present invention (a) and through 650 ℃ the calcining postcure ruthenium nano particles (b) XRD figure.
Fig. 2 is an amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball of the present invention (a) and through the TEM figure of 650 ℃ of calcining postcure ruthenium nano particles (b).
Five, embodiment
The preparation of embodiment 1. amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer balls and crystalline form sulfuration ruthenium nano particle
In the 100ml beaker, 0.03g hydrate ruthenium trichloride and 0.03g thioacetamide are dissolved in the solution of 60ml Macrogol 200, the ratio that is the amount of substance of hydrate ruthenium trichloride and thioacetamide is about 1: 4, the concentration of hydrate ruthenium trichloride is about 1.7mmol/L, and it is that 300W, frequency are that sonochemistry reaction 1.5 hours is carried out in the ultrasonic radiation of 20KHz under the room temperature normal pressure that this mixture is placed power.The sonochemistry reaction will be carried out in the direct insertion reaction thing of the ultrasonic probe solution.In reaction process, because heating/cooling device not, temperature of charge can rise to some extent.After reaction finishes, there is the grey black precipitation to generate.To be cooledly carry out later on to room temperature that centrifugal (10000 commentaries on classics/min 5min), with ethanol and acetone washing precipitate successively, place room temperature and air to dry naturally resulting throw out then.The product that obtains is dark gray powder 0.02 gram.Again with this powder at 600 ℃, N
2The product that calcining finally obtained in 4 hours under the atmosphere is a black powder.Powder X-ray RD result (seeing accompanying drawing 1) shows that the sample before the calcining is an amorphous structure, there is not tangible XRD diffraction peak, but the sample after 650 ℃ of calcinings, XRD result shows that it is a polycrystalline sulfuration ruthenium, the position at peak with intensity all identical [referring to Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS), File no.19-1107.] with literature value.Do not find the dephasign peak, the purity that shows sample is than higher.TEM photo (seeing accompanying drawing 2) is analyzed, and observes amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball size homogeneous of the present invention, the pattern rule, diameter is 260-300nm, and the product of finding to change into crystalline form after calcining no longer keeps the pattern of ball, but nanoparticle is of a size of 20-40nm.
The preparation of embodiment 2. amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer balls and crystalline form sulfuration ruthenium nano particle
In the 100ml beaker, 0.03g hydrate ruthenium trichloride and 0.03g thioacetamide are dissolved in the solution of 60ml Macrogol 200, it is that 300W, frequency are that sonochemistry reaction 2 hours is carried out in the ultrasonic radiation of 20KHz under the room temperature normal pressure that this mixture is placed power, and other conditions of preparation are with embodiment 1.Equally also obtain about 0.02 gram of size and pattern similar products like.
The preparation of embodiment 3. amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer balls and crystalline form sulfuration ruthenium nano particle
In the 100ml beaker, 0.03g hydrate ruthenium trichloride and 0.03g thioacetamide are dissolved in the solution of 60ml Macrogol 200, it is that 300W, frequency are that sonochemistry reaction 2.5 hours is carried out in the ultrasonic radiation of 20KHz under the room temperature normal pressure that this mixture is placed power, and other conditions of preparation are with embodiment 1.Equally also obtain about 0.02 gram of size and pattern similar products like.
The preparation of embodiment 4. amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer balls and crystalline form sulfuration ruthenium nano particle
In the 100ml beaker, 0.03g hydrate ruthenium trichloride and 0.03g thioacetamide are dissolved in the solution of 60ml Macrogol 200, it is that 300W, frequency are that sonochemistry reaction 1.5 hours is carried out in the ultrasonic radiation of 40KHz under the room temperature normal pressure that this mixture is placed power, and other conditions of preparation are with embodiment 1.Equally also obtain about 0.02 gram of size and pattern similar products like.
The preparation of embodiment 5. amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer balls and crystalline form sulfuration ruthenium nano particle
In the 200ml beaker, 0.04g hydrate ruthenium trichloride and 0.04g thioacetamide are dissolved in the solution of 120ml Macrogol 200, the ratio that is the amount of substance of hydrate ruthenium trichloride and thioacetamide is about 1: 4, the concentration of hydrate ruthenium trichloride is about 1.1mmol/L, it is that 300W, frequency are that sonochemistry reaction 2 hours is carried out in the ultrasonic radiation of 20KHz under the room temperature normal pressure that this mixture is placed power, and other conditions of preparation are with embodiment 1.The about 230nm of amorphous nanometer ball size that obtains, heavily about 0.03 gram of product, it is similar with embodiment 1 that calcining changes the size and the pattern of product of crystalline form into after 4 hours under 650 ℃, nitrogen atmosphere condition.
The preparation of embodiment 6. amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer balls and crystalline form sulfuration ruthenium nano particle
In the 200ml beaker, 0.04g hydrate ruthenium trichloride and 0.03g thioacetamide are dissolved in the solution of 120ml Macrogol 200, the ratio that is the amount of substance of hydrate ruthenium trichloride and thioacetamide is about 1: 3, the concentration of hydrate ruthenium trichloride is about 1.1mmol/L, it is that 300W, frequency are that sonochemistry reaction 2 hours is carried out in the ultrasonic radiation of 20KHz under the room temperature normal pressure that this mixture is placed power, and other conditions of preparation are with embodiment 1.The about 200nm of amorphous nanometer ball size that obtains, heavily about 0.025 gram of product, it is similar with embodiment 1 that calcining changes the size and the pattern of product of crystalline form into after 2 hours under 800 ℃, nitrogen atmosphere condition.
The preparation of embodiment 7. amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer balls and crystalline form sulfuration ruthenium nano particle
In the 100ml beaker, 0.04g hydrate ruthenium trichloride and 0.03g thioacetamide are dissolved in the solution of 60ml Macrogol 200, the ratio that is the amount of substance of hydrate ruthenium trichloride and thioacetamide is about 1: 3, the concentration of hydrate ruthenium trichloride is about 2.2mmol/L, it is that 300W, frequency are that sonochemistry reaction 2 hours is carried out in the ultrasonic radiation of 20KHz under the room temperature normal pressure that this mixture is placed power, and other conditions of preparation are with embodiment 1.The amorphous nanometer ball that obtains is of a size of 200-300nm, heavily about 0.03 gram of product, and it is similar with embodiment 1 that calcining changes the size and the pattern of product of crystalline form into after 3 hours under 700 ℃, nitrogen atmosphere condition.
Claims (3)
1. method for preparing amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball, it is characterized in that: hydrate ruthenium trichloride and thioacetamide are dissolved in the Macrogol 200, wherein the ratio of the amount of substance of hydrate ruthenium trichloride and thioacetamide is 1: 3～1: 4, and the concentration of hydrate ruthenium trichloride is 1.1mmol/L～2.2mmol/L, it is that sonochemistry reaction 1.5-2.5 hour is carried out in the ultrasonic radiation of 20-40KHz under the room temperature normal pressure that this mixture is placed frequency, the question response thing is cooled to room temperature and carries out centrifugal later on, with ethanol and acetone washing precipitate successively, place room temperature and air to dry naturally resulting throw out then, obtain dark gray powder, be amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball.
2. the method for the amorphous sulfuration ruthenium of preparation according to claim 1 nanometer ball is characterized in that: its sonochemistry reaction will be carried out in the direct insertion reaction thing of the ultrasonic probe solution.
3. method for preparing crystalline form sulfuration ruthenium nano particle is characterized in that: with calcining 2-4 hour under 600-800 ℃, nitrogen atmosphere condition of the amorphous sulfuration ruthenium nanometer ball of claim 1 gained, promptly get crystalline form and vulcanize ruthenium nano particle.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130157842A1 (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-06-20 | Carlos Elias Ornelas Gutierrez | Unsupported and supported promoted ruthenium sulfide catalyst with high catalytic activity for hydrocarbon hydrotreatments and its method |
| CN108823602A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-11-16 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of vulcanization ruthenium particulate composite, preparation method and the usage |
| CN111939941A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-11-17 | 南方科技大学 | Ruthenium-based catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
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| BE789853A (en) * | 1971-10-07 | 1973-04-09 | Hoechst Ag | ELECTROCHEMICAL ELECTRODE WITH STABLE DIMENSIONS AND CORROSION RESISTANCE |
| CN1058725C (en) * | 1997-05-08 | 2000-11-22 | 南帝化学工业股份有限公司 | Unsaturated copolymer hydrogenating method and bimetal containing catalyst system therefor |
| CN1424293A (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2003-06-18 | 复旦大学 | Benzene selective hydrogenation carried ruthenium based catalyst and its preparation |
| US7879753B2 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2011-02-01 | Industrie De Nora S.P.A. | Catalyst for oxygen reduction |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130157842A1 (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-06-20 | Carlos Elias Ornelas Gutierrez | Unsupported and supported promoted ruthenium sulfide catalyst with high catalytic activity for hydrocarbon hydrotreatments and its method |
| US8853119B2 (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2014-10-07 | Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, S.C | Unsupported and supported promoted ruthenium sulfide catalyst with high catalytic activity for hydrocarbon hydrotreatments and its method |
| CN108823602A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-11-16 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of vulcanization ruthenium particulate composite, preparation method and the usage |
| CN111939941A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-11-17 | 南方科技大学 | Ruthenium-based catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
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