CN1688050A - Nickel hydroxide composite electrode material containing ball shaped nano-alpha phase and preparing process thereof - Google Patents

Nickel hydroxide composite electrode material containing ball shaped nano-alpha phase and preparing process thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1688050A
CN1688050A CNA2005100503181A CN200510050318A CN1688050A CN 1688050 A CN1688050 A CN 1688050A CN A2005100503181 A CNA2005100503181 A CN A2005100503181A CN 200510050318 A CN200510050318 A CN 200510050318A CN 1688050 A CN1688050 A CN 1688050A
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ball shaped
shaped nano
alpha
nickel hydroxide
electrode material
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CN1303707C (en
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涂江平
韩太安
余震
吴建波
张文魁
杨友志
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
Zhejiang University ZJU
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

This invented Ni(OH)2 compound electrode material contains the spherical nm alpha-Ni(OH)2 with the quality percentage of 4%-16% and spherical mum grade beta-Ni (OH)2 of 84%-96%. The preparation method includes: dissolving a mixed sulfate in an alcohol water system in a certain volume ratio to be mixed to a salt liquid, mixing concentrated ammonia water and NaOH solution to an alkali liquor based on a certain volume ratio, absolute alcohol is taken as the base liquid, said two liquids flow into the reaction container at the same time and react under a constant temperature to manufacture spherical nm alpha phase Ni(OH)2 to be added into mum grade beta-Ni(OH)2 to get the compound electrode material.

Description

Contain nickel hydroxide composite electrode material of ball shaped nano-alpha phase and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal hydrogen alkaline secondary battery positive electrode material and preparation method thereof, be specifically related to nickel hydroxide composite electrode material that contains the ball shaped nano-alpha phase and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Metal hydride-nickel battery (MH/Ni battery) is that the employing hydrogen-storage alloy is a negative material, and hydroxide nickel (OH) 2 is the secondary cell of positive electrode.The energy density of present MH/Ni battery is 1.5~2.0 times of ickel-cadmium cell, and volume energy density can be suitable with lithium ion battery, and power density is higher, is fit to than heavy-current discharge, and non-environmental-pollution is one of present most widely used secondary cell.But present business-like MH/Ni battery generally adopts spherical micron order beta phase nickel hydroxide (β-Ni (OH) 2) as electrode active material.And beta phase nickel hydroxide exists the overcharging resisting ability low, easily changes into irreversible γ-NiOOH under the condition of overcharging, and causes shortcomings such as electrode structure expansion.In charge and discharge process electrode structure repeatedly expansion and shrink and to cause electrode active material machinery to come off easily, make the battery capacity deterioration that decays rapidly, have a strong impact on the charge-discharge performance of battery.The theoretical capacity of beta phase nickel hydroxide is 286mAh/g simultaneously, also is difficult to satisfy the demand of high-capacity battery development.The theoretical capacity of class alpha-phase nickel hydroxide (α-Ni (OH) 2) is up to 490mAh/g, and it is right that class alpha-phase nickel hydroxide and γ in the process of overcharging-NiOOH constitutes oxidation-reduction, can not expand by recurring structure.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide that a kind of to have specific capacity big, discharge performance is good, and the overcharging resisting ability is strong, has extended cycle life nickel hydroxide composite electrode material that contains the ball shaped nano-alpha phase of safety non-pollution and preparation method thereof.
The nickel hydroxide composite electrode material that contains the ball shaped nano-alpha phase of the present invention contains ball shaped nano-alpha-Ni that mass percent is 4%-16% (OH) 2, spherical micron order β-Ni (OH) 2 of 84%-96%.
The preparation method who contains the nickel hydroxide composite electrode material of ball shaped nano-alpha phase is to adopt in alcohol-water system to replace nickel ion by a kind of trivalent metal ion, is prepared from through chemical coprecipitation.Its step is as follows:
1) mixed sulfate with nickelous sulfate and aluminum sulfate is dissolved in the alcohol-water system, is mixed with salting liquid, and the volume ratio of mixed sulfate and alcohol-water system is 1: 1~2; With concentration is that ammoniacal liquor and the 0.2M sodium hydroxide solution 1: 1 by volume~3 of 25%-28% is mixed with aqueous slkali, as reaction end liquid, above-mentioned salting liquid and aqueous slkali is added in the reaction end liquid 20 ℃ of-50 ℃ of isothermal reactions, ageing simultaneously with absolute ethyl alcohol; Sediment is dried to powder through centrifugation, and the acquisition particle diameter is the ball shaped nano class alpha-phase nickel hydroxide (α-Ni (OH) 2) of 20nm-30nm, good crystallinity;
2) by mass percentage ball shaped nano-alpha-Ni (OH) 2 is mixed with spherical micron order β-Ni (OH) 2, and the CoO powder machinery that adds 5%-10% is mixed, after stirring, the binding agent that contains 2%CMC solution and 60%PTFE emulsion of adding 15%-25% and water is coated on the collector nickel foam drying, pressure rolling, shear forming.
The clear powder of anode pole piece, the lug of burn-oning with the preparation moulding, with the excessive 1.3-1.7 of capacity AB5 type hydrogen storage alloy negative pole (adding oxygen catalyst) doubly, the battery that barrier film is formed square structure, adding a certain amount of KOH of containing, NaOH and LiOH density is the 1.31-1.32 gram per centimeter again 3Mixed electrolytic solution after test.Test technology is that constant current charge 15h is discharged to 1.0V, circulates 3 times after activation process in 25 ± 2 ℃ of environment is handled.Loop test is to carry out overcharging under 20% charging system repeatedly, contains ball shaped nano-alpha-Ni (OH) 2The electrode that composite material makes has the cell integrated specific discharge capacity height that shows as, and capacity attenuation is mild, and the charging voltage platform reduces, and discharge voltage plateau raises, good cycling stability, and overcharging resisting electric energy power is strong, has extended cycle life advantages such as safety non-pollution.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
Nickelous sulfate and aluminum sulfate mixed sulfate be dissolved in 1: 1.2 alcohol (absolute ethyl alcohol) aqueous systems, be configured to salting liquid; With concentration is that 25%-28% ammoniacal liquor and 0.2M sodium hydroxide solution were configured to aqueous slkali in 1: 1.5 by volume, uses absolute ethyl alcohol as reaction end liquid.Two kinds of reaction solutions continuously flow in the reaction vessel simultaneously, 30 ℃ of isothermal reactions, ageing.Sediment is dried to powder through centrifugation, obtains the ball shaped nano class alpha-phase nickel hydroxide of particle diameter 20nm-30nm, good crystallinity.
Be ball shaped nano-alpha-Ni (OH) of 10% by mass percentage 2With 90% spherical micron order β-Ni (OH) 2(diameter 5 μ m-20 μ m) mix, and adding 8% CoO powder, to carry out machinery mixed, the binding agent and the deionized water that contain 2%CMC solution and 60%PTFE emulsion of adding 20%, and mechanical agitation mixes in a vacuum.Slurry is coated on the nickel foam collector uniformly oven dry, rolling, shear forming.At the anode pole piece supernatant powder of strip, the lug of burn-oning.
Employing is dry method compacting AB on copper mesh 5Type hydrogen storage alloy is made negative electrode (adding oxygen catalyst), excessive 1.4 times of capacity of negative plates.Adopt polypropylene diaphragm, both positive and negative polarity is reeled with barrier film, the battery case of packing into injects the mixed electrolytic solution that contains KOH, NaOH and LiOH.(with 0.1C charging 15h, 0.1C is discharged to 1.0V with the cell activation processing; Shelve 5min, circulate three times) after, 0.2C discharge and recharge system (charging interval 8h, discharge cut-off voltage is to 1.0V, shelve 5min between discharging and recharging), carry out the overcharging resisting loop test, the variation of test battery charge-discharge performance and cycle-index under 20 ± 5 ℃ of ambient temperatures.The present invention contains ball shaped nano-alpha-Ni (OH) 2The combination electrode material electrode and the spherical micron order β-Ni (OH) that make 2The electrode of making is compared, and has following advantage:
1 discharge capacity height, good cycling stability.Adopt the present invention to contain nanometer α-Ni (OH) 2The electrode discharge specific capacity of phase combination electrode material preparation can be higher than spherical micron order β-Ni (OH) up to 293mAh/g 2The specific discharge capacity 259mAh/g of electrode.α-Ni (OH) 2Right with γ-NiOOH formation oxidation-reduction, in discharging and recharging, can not expand by recurring structure, contain α-Ni (OH) 2The combined electrode structure of phase expands in charge and discharge process and shrinkage degree reduces.In addition, ball shaped nano-alpha-Ni (OH) 2Effectively be filled into micron-size spherical particles between the gap in, shorten electrical conductivity and proton transport path between active material, reduce the polarization of active material in charge and discharge process, improved the utilance of electrode active material, simultaneously α-Ni (OH) 2Itself has the high theoretical capacity, α-Ni (OH) 2Interpolation also improved the total capacity of electrode active material, thereby contain the nm-class alpha-phase nickel hydroxide combination electrode material and have more good discharge capacity, cyclical stability.
2 overcharging resisting abilities are strong.The present invention contains ball shaped nano-alpha-Ni (OH) 2Combination electrode material has good overcharging resisting ability, and electrode is repeatedly overcharging in the circulation, stable performance, and specific discharge capacity changes mild.And spherical micron order β-Ni (OH) 2Easily change into irreversible γ-NiOOH under the condition of overcharging, the decay of electrode discharge specific capacity is fast.Table 1 contains nanometer α-Ni (OH) for the present invention 2Phase composite materials and micron spherical β-Ni (OH) 2Specific discharge capacity in the circulation of overcharging (unit: mAh/g) change.
Table 1
Cycle-index ???1 ???50 ??100 ??150 ??200 ??300
Contain ball shaped nano class alpha-phase nickel hydroxide composite material ??293 ??284 ??281 ??279 ??276 ??269
The spherical beta phase nickel hydroxide of micron ??259 ??251 ??242 ??234 ??210 ??99
3 charging voltage platforms are low, discharge voltage plateau height, charge efficiency height.The present invention contains the ball shaped nano class alpha-phase nickel hydroxide and is filled in the gap between the spherical micron order β nickel hydroxide particle, active material electrical conductivity and proton transport path in charge and discharge process have been shortened, reduce internal resistance, polarization of electrode is weakened, thereby reduced charging voltage effectively, improved charge efficiency; Discharge voltage raises, and the specific power of battery is improved.Strengthen overcharging resisting ability and cyclical stability.Table 2 the present invention is for containing nm-class alpha-phase nickel hydroxide composite electrode and spherical micron order electrode charging intermediate value voltage ratio.Table 3 the present invention is for containing the contrast of nm-class alpha-phase nickel hydroxide composite electrode and spherical micron order electrode discharge voltage platform data.
Table 2
Cycle-index ?1 ??50 ?100 ?150 ?200 ?300
Contain ball shaped nano class alpha-phase nickel hydroxide composite material ?1.417 ??1.418 ?1.412 ?1.415 ?1.413 ?1.440
The spherical beta phase nickel hydroxide of micron ?1.405 ??1.423 ?1.427 ?1.449 ?1.538 ?1.631
Table 3
Cycle-index ??1 ??50 ??100 ??150 ??200 ??300
Contain ball shaped nano class alpha-phase nickel hydroxide composite material ??1.244 ??1.248 ??1.249 ??1.255 ??1.252 ??1.245
The spherical beta phase nickel hydroxide of micron ??1.239 ??1.229 ??1.236 ??1.222 ??1.204 ??1.155
The present invention contains nanometer α-Ni (OH) 2The phase combination electrode material is applicable to the positive pole of MH/Ni alkaline secondary cell, can be applicable to the positive electrode of rechargeable batteries such as the vehicles such as small household appliance, model toy, driving electric tool, electric bicycle and battery-operated motor cycle, mobile communication apparatus and illumination.

Claims (3)

1. the nickel hydroxide composite electrode material that contains the ball shaped nano-alpha phase is characterized in that containing ball shaped nano-alpha-Ni that mass percent is 4%-16% (OH) 2, the spherical micron order β-Ni (OH) of 84%-96% 2
2. the nickel hydroxide composite electrode material that contains the ball shaped nano-alpha phase according to claim 1 is characterized in that containing mass percent and is 10% ball shaped nano class alpha-phase nickel hydroxide, spherical micron order β-Ni (OH) of 90% 2
3. the preparation method who contains the nickel hydroxide composite electrode material of ball shaped nano-alpha phase according to claim 1, its step is as follows:
1) mixed sulfate with nickelous sulfate and aluminum sulfate is dissolved in the alcohol-water system, is mixed with salting liquid, and the volume ratio of mixed sulfate and alcohol-water system is 1: 1~2; With concentration is that the ammoniacal liquor of 25%-28% and 0.2M sodium hydroxide solution are 1: 1~3 to be mixed with aqueous slkali by volume, as reaction end liquid, above-mentioned salting liquid and aqueous slkali is added in the reaction end liquid 20 ℃ of-50 ℃ of isothermal reactions, ageing simultaneously with absolute ethyl alcohol; Sediment is dried to powder through centrifugation, obtains nanometer α-Ni (OH) 2
2) by mass percentage with ball shaped nano-alpha-Ni (OH) 2With spherical micron order β-Ni (OH) 2Mix, and add mechanical the mixing of CoO powder of 5%-12%, be coated on the collector nickel foam drying, pressure rolling, shear forming after the binding agent that contains 2%CMC solution and 60%PTFE emulsion of adding 15%-25% and water stir.
CNB2005100503181A 2005-05-13 2005-05-13 Nickel hydroxide composite electrode material containing ball shaped nano-alpha phase and preparing process thereof Expired - Fee Related CN1303707C (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102509787A (en) * 2011-10-13 2012-06-20 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparation method of doped spherical nanoscale Ni(OH)2
CN103288145A (en) * 2013-05-30 2013-09-11 先进储能材料国家工程研究中心有限责任公司 Method for preparing spherical alpha-nickel hydroxide
CN101676441B (en) * 2008-09-16 2013-11-13 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 Single-layer beta phase nickel hydroxide two dimensional nano single chip and synthesizing method thereof

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001043855A (en) * 1999-07-30 2001-02-16 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Non-sintered nickel electrode for alkali storage battery
JP2001322817A (en) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-20 Sakai Chem Ind Co Ltd Manganese solid solution nickel hydroxide particle and its manufacturing method
CN1164500C (en) * 2001-03-20 2004-09-01 北京科海迈迪生物技术有限责任公司 Process for preparing nm-class beta-plase composite nickel hydroxide
CN1553530A (en) * 2003-05-30 2004-12-08 沈阳浩普科技发展有限公司 Manufacture of cobalt coated spheric nickle hydroxide for power nickle-hydrogen battery

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101676441B (en) * 2008-09-16 2013-11-13 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 Single-layer beta phase nickel hydroxide two dimensional nano single chip and synthesizing method thereof
CN102509787A (en) * 2011-10-13 2012-06-20 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparation method of doped spherical nanoscale Ni(OH)2
CN103288145A (en) * 2013-05-30 2013-09-11 先进储能材料国家工程研究中心有限责任公司 Method for preparing spherical alpha-nickel hydroxide
CN103288145B (en) * 2013-05-30 2015-02-25 先进储能材料国家工程研究中心有限责任公司 Method for preparing spherical alpha-nickel hydroxide

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