DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
Examples
A method for preparing biodiesel from rosin comprises the steps of carrying out decarboxylation reaction on non-polymerized rosin, and mixing a decarboxylation product liquid rosin and organic nitrate according to the weight ratio of 1000: 1-5, for example: mixing the materials according to the weight ratio of 1000: 1, 1000: 5 or 1000: 3, stirring for 1-4 hours at the temperature of 0-80 ℃, and cooling to obtain yellow rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the non-polymerization type rosin decarboxylation reaction is to add a PH 4-5 inorganic acid catalyst accounting for 1-20% of the weight of the non-polymerization type rosin into the non-polymerization type rosin under the protection of nitrogen, heat the mixture to 100-300 ℃, react for 1-6 hours, cool the reaction product to 40-90 ℃, remove the catalyst to obtain yellow decarboxylation liquid rosin, the inorganic acid catalyst is activated clay with the PH value of 4-5, and the non-polymerization type rosin is gum rosin, hydrogenated rosin or disproportionated rosin non-polymerization type rosin. The organic nitrate is fatty alcohol nitrate with 4-10 carbons. Can be one of butyl nitrate, isoamyl nitrate, isooctyl nitrate, n-octyl nitrate, n-hexyl nitrate or cyclohexyl nitrate.
Example 1
A method for preparing biodieselfrom rosin comprises the steps of carrying out decarboxylation reaction on non-polymerized rosin, stirring a decarboxylation product and organic nitrate at 0-80 ℃ for 1-4 hours, and cooling to obtain yellow rosin-based biodiesel. The basic index parameters of the rosin-based biodiesel are as follows: a cetane number of greater than 45, a viscosity (at 25 ℃) of 70-80 mpas and a density of 0.90-0.96 g/ml.
The rosin is non-polymerized rosin, including gum rosin, hydrogenated rosin, disproportionated rosin; the organic nitrate refers to 4-10 carbon fatty alcohol nitrate, such as: isooctyl nitrate, butyl nitrate, isoamyl nitrate, n-hexyl nitrate, cyclohexyl nitrate, n-octyl nitrate. The amount of the nitrate ester is different according to the characteristics, the weight of the decarboxylated rosin is 0.1-0.3%, and the longer the carbon chain of the nitrate ester is, the less the weight is added, such as: isooctyl nitrate was added at 0.1% by weight of the decarboxylated rosin, while butyl nitrate was added at 0.2%. The decarboxylation reaction of the non-polymerized rosin can be realized by adopting the prior art, in this embodiment, the non-polymerized rosin is added with an inorganic acid catalyst which is 1-20% of the weight of the non-polymerized rosin under the protection of nitrogen, for example: 1%, 20%, 8%, 14% or 17%, preferably 10%; the inorganic acid catalyst is medium acid and acid salt, such as bisulfate, activated clay with pH 4-5, preferably activated clay with pH 4-5; heating to 100-300 ℃, and reacting for 1-6 hours, preferably 270 ℃, for 2 hours; collecting the substances with the boiling point below 250 ℃, cooling the reaction product to below 90 ℃ after the reaction is finished, and removing the catalyst to obtain the yellow liquid decarboxylated rosin.
Example 2
Adding 1000 g of hydrogenated rosin and 100 g of activated clay with the pH value of 4-5 into a three-necked flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 180 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and performing vacuum filtration to remove the activated clay to obtain 620 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 620 g of liquid rosin and 2 g of isooctyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 622 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 48.
Example 3
Adding 1000 g of hydrogenated rosin and 100 g of activated clay with the pH value of 4-5 into a three-necked flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 180 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and performing vacuum filtration to remove the activated clay to obtain 620 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 620 g of liquid rosin and 2.5 g of butyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 622 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 47.
Example 4
Adding 1000 g of hydrogenated rosin and 100 g of activated clay with the pH value of 4-5 into a three-necked flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 180 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and performing vacuum filtration to remove the activated clay to obtain 620 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 620 g of liquid rosin and 2 g of n-octyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 622 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 49.
Example 5
Adding 1000 g of hydrogenated rosin and 100 g of activated clay with the pH value of 4-5 into a three-necked flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 180 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and performing vacuum filtration to remove the activated clay to obtain 620 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 620 g of liquid rosin and 2 g of cyclohexyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 622 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 55.
Example 6
Adding 1000 g of hydrogenated rosin and 100 g of activated clay with the pH value of 4-5 into a three-necked flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 180 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and performing vacuum filtration to remove the activated clay to obtain 620 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 620 g of liquid rosin and 2 g of n-hexyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 622 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 50.
Example 7
Adding 1000 g of hydrogenated rosin and 100 g of activated clay with the pH value of 4-5 into a three-necked flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 180 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and performing vacuum filtration to remove the activated clay to obtain 620 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 620 g of liquid rosin and 3 g of isoamyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 622 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 46.
Example 8
Adding 1000 g of disproportionated rosin and 100 g of activated clay with PH 4-5 into a three-neck flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 190 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and removing the activated clay by vacuum filtration to obtain 610 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 610 g of liquid rosin and 3 g of n-butyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 613 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 47.
Example 9
Adding 1000 g of disproportionated rosin and 100 g of activated clay with PH 4-5 into a three-neck flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 190 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and removing the activated clay by vacuum filtration to obtain 610 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
610 g of liquid rosin and 3 g of isoamyl nitrate are heated to 50 ℃ and stirred for about 1 hour to obtain 613 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, and the cetane number of the biodiesel is 48.
Example 10
Adding 1000 g of disproportionated rosin and 100 g of activated clay with PH 4-5 into a three-neck flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 190 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and removing the activated clay by vacuum filtration to obtain 610 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 610 g of liquid rosin and 2 g of n-octyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 612 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 49.
Example 11
Adding 1000 g of disproportionated rosin and 100 g of activated clay with PH 4-5 into a three-neck flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 190 g of low-boiling-point oil,cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and removing the activated clay by vacuum filtration to obtain 610 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 610 g of liquid rosin and 2 g of isooctyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 612 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 49.
Example 12
Adding 1000 g of disproportionated rosin and 100 g of activated clay with PH 4-5 into a three-neck flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 190 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and removing the activated clay by vacuum filtration to obtain 610 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 610 g of liquid rosin and 2 g of cyclohexyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 612 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 52.
Example 13
Adding 1000 g of disproportionated rosin and 100 g of activated clay with PH 4-5 into a three-neck flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 190 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and removing the activated clay by vacuum filtration to obtain 610 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 610 g of liquid rosin and 2 g of n-hexyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 612 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 51.
Example 14
Adding 1000 g of gum rosin and 100 g of activated clay with the pH of 4-5 into a three-necked flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 190 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and performing vacuum filtration to remove the activated clay to obtain 610 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 610 g of liquid rosin and 3 g of n-butyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 613 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 46.
Example 15
Adding 1000 g of gum rosin and 100 g of activated clay with the pH of 4-5 into a three-necked flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 190 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and performing vacuum filtration to remove the activated clay to obtain 610 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
610 g of liquid rosin and 3 g of isoamyl nitrate are heated to 50 ℃ and stirred for about 1 hour to obtain 613 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, and the cetane number of the biodiesel is 48.
Example 16
Adding 1000 g of gum rosin and 100 g of activated clay with the pH of 4-5 into a three-necked flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 190 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and performing vacuum filtration to remove the activated clay to obtain 610 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 610 g of liquid rosin and 2 g of n-octyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 612 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 48.
Example 17
Adding 1000 g of gum rosin and 100 g of activated clay with the pH of 4-5 into a three-necked flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 190 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and performing vacuum filtration to remove the activated clay to obtain 610 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 610 g of liquid rosin and 2 g of isooctyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 612 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 47.
Example 18
Adding 1000 g of gum rosin and 100 g of activated clay with the pH of 4-5 into a three-necked flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 190 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and performing vacuum filtration to remove the activated clay to obtain 610 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 610 g of liquid rosin and 2 g of cyclohexyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 612 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 51.
Example 19
Adding 1000 g of gum rosin and 100 g of activated clay with the pH of 4-5 into a three-necked flask with a stirrer, a thermometer, a water separator and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen to exhaust air, heating to 270 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, separating low-boiling-point oil from a small amount of water by using the water separator to obtain 190 g of low-boiling-point oil, cooling a reaction product to 80 ℃, and performing vacuum filtration to remove the activated clay to obtain 610 g of yellow low-viscosity liquid rosin.
Heating 610 g of liquid rosin and 2 g of n-hexyl nitrate to 50 ℃, and stirring for about 1 hour to obtain 612 g of yellow low-viscosity rosin-based biodiesel, wherein the cetane number of the biodiesel is 50.