CN1685618A - Method and apparatus for interleaving signal bits in a digital audio broadcasting system - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention provides a method for interleaving bits of a digital signal representative of data and/or audio in a digital audio broadcasting system, the method comprising the step of: writing a plurality of bits of the digital signal to a matrix; and reading the bits from the matrix, wherein at least one of the writing and reading steps follows a non-sequential addressing scheme. Apparatus for transmitting the interleaved bits, and apparatus for receiving and deinterleaving the bits are also provided.

Description

The method and apparatus that is used for the interleaved signal bit in the digital audio broadcast system

Technical field

The present invention relates to in-band on-channel (IBOC) digital audio broadcasting (DAB), relate in particular to and in the DAB system, be used for signal bit interweaving method and equipment.

Background technology

IBOC DAB system is designed to allow the level and smooth development from current analog AM (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) radio to digital in-band on-channel system.These systems can be in existing intermediate frequency (MF) and hyperfrequency (VHP) radio bands from land transmitter to move, portable and fixing receiver sends digital audio and data, services.Broadcaster can with new, high-quality and more firm digital signal launching simulation AM and FM continuously simultaneously more, when keeping current Frequency Distribution, realize from the wireless conversion of analog to digital.

Digital audio broadcasting (DAB) can provide the audio frequency of the digital quality that is better than existing analog broadcasting form.The two can both perhaps launch AM and FM in-band on-channel DAB signal with a kind of all-digital format of having removed analog signal with the mixed format emission of a kind of digital modulation signals and the coexistence of current broadcast analog signal.IBOC DAB need not new spectrum allocation may, because each IBOC DAB signal is all launched in the spectral mask of existing AM or FM channel allocation.IBOC DAB promotes the saving of frequency spectrum when making broadcaster provide the digital quality audio frequency to present audience basis.

In U.S. Patent No. 5,588, an AM IBOC DAB system that illustrates in 022 provides a kind of being used for to broadcast the method for analog and digital signal simultaneously at standard A M broadcast channel.Utilize the method, broadcasting has the amplitude modulated radio frequency signal of first frequency spectrum.Amplitude modulated radio frequency signal comprises the first carrier that simulated the programme signal modulation.Simultaneously, a plurality of digitally modulated carrier signals are broadcasted in the bandwidth that comprises first frequency spectrum.Each digitally modulated carrier signal is by the part modulation of digital program signal.First group of digitally modulated carrier signal be positioned at first frequency spectrum and with the modulation of first carrier signal in orthogonal ground.Second and the 3rd group of digitally modulated carrier signal be positioned at upper sideband outside first frequency spectrum and lower sideband and with first carrier signal homophase and modulation orthogonally.A plurality of carrier waves use OFDM (OFDM) to carry the information of transmission.

FM IBOC DAB system has become the theme of some United States Patent (USP)s, comprises patent No.6,510,175; 6,108,810; 5,949,796; 5,465,396; 5,315,583; 5,278,844 and 5,278,826.In the digital audio broadcast system of FM compatibility, digitally coded audio-frequency information and existing simulation FM signaling channel are launched simultaneously.The advantage of digital audio transmission comprises the littler and wideer excellent signal quality of dynamic range than existing FM radio channel noise.At first, mixed format can be used so that when allowing new IBOC DAB receiver decoding digital signal, allow existing receiver to continue to receive simulation FM signal.Sometime in the future, when the IBOCDAB receiver had enriched very much, broadcaster can determine to launch digital form.When launching existing FM signal at the same time, the IBOC DAB of mixing can provide the stereo digital audio of virtual CD quality (adding data).Digital IBOC DAB can provide virtual CD quality stereo audio and data channel.

A FM IBOC DAB who has advised uses such signal: this signal comprises OFDM (OFDM) subcarrier in the zone of 199kHz from the about 129kHz of FM centre frequency, and the two surpasses and be lower than the frequency spectrum of the main FM carrier occupancy that simulated modulation.In U.S. Patent No. 6,430, the IBOC option shown in 227 allows subcarrier decentre frequency to begin near 100kHz.The bandwidth of existing simulation FM signal is significantly less than the bandwidth that is taken by the OFDM subcarrier.

Ofdm signal comprises all the carrier wave of a plurality of quadrature spacings of modulating with a public chip rate.The frequency difference of pulse code element (for example BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK or QAM) equals chip rate.For the IBOC of FM DAB signal transmission, too much OFDM sets of subcarriers is in the upper sideband (USB) and lower sideband (LSB) on the either side of simulation FM carrier wave of coexistence.DAB subcarrier power be set to respect to the FM signal approximately-25dB.The level of DAB signal and frequency spectrum occupancy are set to: restriction is to the interference of its FM main carrier when enough signal to noise ratio (snr) is provided for the DAB subcarrier.Some subcarrier can be reserved as coming to the receiver emissioning controling signal with reference to subcarrier.

A feature of digital transmission system is to launch the capability of digitized audio and data simultaneously.Digitized audio message usually is compressed and is used for transmitting by the finite bandwidth channel.For example, digital source information being compressed to 96kbps downwards from the stereo laser disc (CD) of about 1.5Mbps, to keep the virtual CD Quality of FM IBOC DAB simultaneously be possible.Further be compressed to 48kbps downwards even lowlyer still can provide good stereo audio quality, this for AM DAB system or low postpone to support and be FM DAB system tuning channel of great use.Use synthetic DAB signal can realize various data, services.For example, a plurality of data channels can be broadcasted in synthetic DAB signal.

On August 24th, 1999, the title of application was the U.S. Patent application No.09/382 of " Method And Apparatus ForTransmission And Reception Of Compressed Audio Frames WithPrioritized Messages For Digital Audio Broadcasting ", 716 (PCT publication application number WO 0115358) disclose a kind of modem frame that is used for collecting and have been used for the method and apparatus that transmits in IBOC DAB system, and at this in conjunction with as a reference.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides the method and apparatus that in IBOC DAB system, is used for the interleaving data bit.

The invention provides a kind of being used in the interweave method of digital signal bit of expression data and/or audio frequency of digital audio broadcast system, described method comprises the steps: a plurality of digital signal bits are written as a matrix; And from matrix, read described bit, wherein write with read step at least one follow a non-sequential addressing scheme.

Bit number in the matrix can equal the bit number in the transmission frame of digital signal.Bit in the matrix is arranged in a plurality of subregions, and each subregion can comprise a plurality of.

Each subregion can comprise one group of bit of presentation logic channel, and the bit of logic channel can be by scrambler.

The present invention also comprises a kind of method that is used in the digital information of digital audio broadcast system broadcasting expression data and/or audio frequency, and described method comprises the steps: to receive a plurality of bits of the digital signal that will be launched; Described bit is written as a matrix; From matrix, read bit, wherein write with read step at least one follow a non-sequential addressing scheme; Described bit is mapped to a plurality of carrier signals; With the described carrier signal of emission.

Before the step that the bit of digital signal is programmed in the matrix, described bit can be by chnnel coding.Before the step that the bit of digital signal is programmed in the matrix, described bit can also be by scrambler.

In another aspect, the invention provides a kind of being used at the interweave equipment of digital signal bit of expression data and/or audio frequency of digital audio broadcast system, described equipment comprises: the device that is used to receive a plurality of bits of the digital signal that will be launched; Be used for described bit is written as the device of a matrix; With the device that is used for reading from matrix described bit, at least one that wherein is used for device of writing and the device that is used to read followed a non-sequential addressing scheme.

The present invention also comprises a kind of equipment that is used in the digital information of digital audio broadcast system broadcasting expression data and/or audio frequency, and described equipment comprises: the device that is used to receive a plurality of bits of the digital signal that will be launched; Be used for the bit of digital signal is written as the device of a matrix; Be used for reading from matrix the device of described bit, at least one that wherein is used for device of writing and the device that is used to read followed a non-sequential addressing scheme; Be used for described bit is mapped to the device of a plurality of carrier signals; With the device that is used to launch described carrier signal.

In another aspect, the invention provides a kind of method that is used for the digital signal bit of the expression data that receive in the digital audio broadcast system deinterleaving and/or audio frequency, described method comprises the steps: a plurality of digital signal bits that receive are written as a matrix; And from matrix, read described bit, wherein write with read step at least one follow a non-sequential addressing scheme.

The present invention also comprises a kind of method that is used for receiving at digital audio broadcast system the digital information of expression data and/or audio frequency, and described method comprises the steps: a plurality of bits of receiving digital signals; Described bit is written as a matrix; Read described bit from matrix, at least one that wherein is used for device of writing and the device that is used to read followed a non-sequential addressing scheme; The bit that reads with use produces an output signal.

The present invention also comprises a kind of equipment that is used for representing in the digital audio broadcast system deinterleaving digital signal bit of data and/or audio frequency, and described equipment comprises: the device that is used for a plurality of bits of receiving digital signals; Be used for described bit is written as the device of a matrix; With the device that is used for reading from matrix described bit, at least one that wherein is used for device of writing and the device that is used to read followed a non-sequential addressing scheme.

In another aspect, the invention provides a kind of equipment that is used for receiving at digital audio broadcast system the digital information of expression data and/or audio frequency, described equipment comprises: the device that is used for a plurality of bits of receiving digital signals; Be used for the bit of digital signal is written as the device of a matrix; Be used for reading from matrix the device of described bit, at least one that wherein is used for device of writing and the device that is used to read followed a non-sequential addressing scheme; Be used to use the bit that reads to produce the device of an output signal.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is to use the functional block diagram of the transmitter in digital audio broadcast system.

Fig. 2 is one and mixes schematically illustrating of FM IBOC waveform.

Fig. 3 is schematically illustrating of an extended hybrid FM IBOC waveform.

Fig. 4 is schematically illustrating of a digital FM IBOC waveform.

Fig. 5 is the schematically illustrating of subcarrier subregion in the DAB waveform.

Fig. 6 is that another of subcarrier subregion schematically illustrates in the DAB waveform.

Fig. 7 is the schematically illustrating of reference subcarrier in the lower sideband of DAB waveform.

Fig. 8 is the schematically illustrating of reference subcarrier in the upper sideband of DAB waveform.

Fig. 9 is to use the functional block diagram of the protocol stack in the transmitter in digital audio broadcast system.

Figure 10 is to use the functional block diagram of the modulator-demodulator/physical layer of the protocol stack in the transmitter in digital audio broadcast system.

Figure 11 is to use the interface between protocol stack layers in the transmitter in digital audio broadcast system to schematically illustrate.

Figure 12 is the schematically illustrating of modem frame in the DAB signal.

Figure 13 is the schematically illustrating of various modem frames in a DAB signal.

Figure 14,15,16 and 17 is the schematically illustrating of intermediate subcarrier in the digital DAB signal.

Figure 18 is the functional block diagram of scrambler.

Figure 19 is the schematic diagram of scrambler.

Figure 20 is the functional block diagram of encoder.

Figure 21 is the functional block diagram of scrambler.

Figure 22 is schematically illustrating of interleaver matrix.

Figure 23 is the functional block diagram of interleaver constructed according to the invention.

Figure 24 is the schematic diagram of differential encoder.

Figure 25 is the functional block diagram of signal constellation which mapping table.

Figure 26 is the functional block diagram of ofdm signal generator.

Figure 27 is the functional block diagram of signal converter.

Figure 28 is the functional block diagram of DAB modulator.

Embodiment

Referring to accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is to use the functional block diagram of the transmitter 10 in digital audio broadcast system.Transmitter comprises: be used to receive the input 12 of main program service audio signal, the input 16 that is used to receive the input 14 of radio station identification service data and is used to receive main program service data, supplemental programs service data and assistance application service data.For mixing DAB, the analog form of main program service audio signal is delayed shown in piece 18 so that produce the simulated audio signal of a delay on circuit 20.Audio subsystem 22 codings and compression main program service audio signal are so that produce the compressed digital signal of having encoded on circuit 24.One is transmitted and serves multiplexed subsystem 26 and receives encoded compression digital signal, radio station identification service data, main program service data, supplemental programs service data and assistance application service data, and make these signals be subjected to various transmission signal processing, these are handled and further discussed and be represented as piece 28,30 and 32 below in Fig. 1.The serviced multiplexer of consequential signal 34 is multiplexed and send to RF transmission subsystem 36.Digital signal on the circuit 38 is modulated together by code signal as a result on chnnel coding and the circuit 42 and the simulated audio signal shown in the piece 44 shown in piece 40.Consequential signal can be exaggerated and be broadcast to by antenna 46 at least one of a plurality of IBOC DAB receivers 48 then.

This system uses coding to reduce the stability of the signal in sampling audio signal bit rate and base band signal process and the increase transmission channel.This allows high-quality audio signal and auxiliary data to be launched in the frequency band segmentation and with low level, and it does not disturb existing analog signal.

IBOC DAB signal can be launched or launch with the all-digital format of not using the analog-modulated carrier wave to comprise the mixed format that the analog-modulated carrier wave combines with a plurality of digitally modulated carriers.

Diversity postpones to provide a set time to postpone in one of double-channel of carrying same information so that the astable channel of eliminating such as decline and impulsive noise damages.

Fig. 2 is one and mixes schematically illustrating of FM IBOC waveform 50.This waveform comprises: be positioned at the modulated-analog signal 52 at broadcast channel 54 centers, and on top with more than first OFDM subcarrier 56 of 58 intermediate reach, and at more than second OFDM subcarrier 60 of lower sideband 62 intermediate reach.The digital modulation subcarrier is broadcasted so that meet desired channel signal mask with a power level lower than analog-modulated carrier wave.The digital modulation subcarrier is divided into subregion and each subcarrier is designated as reference subcarrier.Frequency partition is one group of 19 OFDM subcarrier, comprises 18 data subcarriers and a reference subcarrier.

Hybrid waveform comprises simulation FM modulation signal and the main major-minor carrier wave of digital modulation.Subcarrier is positioned at equally spaced frequency location place.Subcarrier position from-546 to+546 numberings.In the waveform of Fig. 2, subcarrier is positioned at position+356 to+546 and-356 to-546 places.This waveform will be used in the initial transition stage before the all-digital waveform conversion usually.

Launch in the main main sideband of digital signal on the either side of simulation FM signal, as shown in Figure 2.Each main main sideband is made up of ten frequency partition, and these subregions are dispensed among subcarrier 356 to 545 or-356 to-545.Be also included within the subcarrier 546 and the-546th in the main main sideband, the reference subcarrier that adds.The amplitude of each subcarrier can convert with an amplitude conversion factor.

In hybrid waveform, launch in main master (PM) sideband of digital signal on the either side of simulation FM signal, as shown in Figure 2.Each PM sideband is made up of ten frequency partition, and these subregions are dispensed among subcarrier 356 to 545 or-356 to-545.Be also included within the subcarrier 546 and the-546th in the PM sideband, the reference subcarrier that adds.The amplitude of each subcarrier can convert with an amplitude conversion factor.

Fig. 3 is schematically illustrating of an extended hybrid FM IBOC waveform 70.By being added on the main main sideband that is present in the hybrid waveform, main expansion sideband 72,74 produces extended hybrid waveform.Depend on method of service, one, two or four frequency partition can be added to the inward flange of each main main sideband.

Extended hybrid waveform comprises the main major-minor carrier wave (subcarrier+356 are to+546 and-356 to-546) of simulation FM signal addend tone of Chinese characters system and some or all mainly expands subcarriers (subcarrier+280 arrive+355 and-280 to-355).This waveform will be used in the initial transition stage before the all-digital waveform conversion usually.

Each main main sideband comprises ten frequency partition and an additional reference subcarrier, span subcarrier 356 to 546 or-356 to-546.Top is mainly expanded sideband and is comprised subcarrier 337 to 355 (frequency partition), 318 to 355 (two frequency partition), perhaps 280 to 355 (four frequency partition).The bottom is mainly expanded sideband and is comprised subcarrier-337 to-355 (frequency partition), and-318 to-355 (two frequency partition) are perhaps-280 to-355 (four frequency partition).The amplitude of each subcarrier can convert with an amplitude conversion factor.

Fig. 4 is schematically illustrating of a digital FM IBOC waveform 80.Construct all-digital waveform by the inhibited mode analog signal, expand the bandwidth of main number sideband 82,84 fully, and power auxiliary sideband 86,88 in bottom is added in the frequency spectrum that analog signal vacates.All-digital waveform in the illustrated embodiment is included in the digital modulation subcarrier of subcarrier position-546 to+546 places, does not simulate the FM signal.

Except ten main frequency partitions, whole four extended frequency partitions will be present in each main sideband of all-digital waveform.Each auxiliary sideband also has ten auxiliary main (SM) and four auxiliary expansion (SX) frequency partition., different with main sideband, it is nearer that auxiliary main frequency partitions is mapped to channel center, and the extended frequency partitions decentre is farther.

Each auxiliary sideband also provides a little auxiliary protection (SP) zone 90,92, and it comprises 12 OFDM subcarriers and reference subcarrier 279 and-279.Those sidebands are called as " protection ", and most probable simulated or the spectral regions of digital interference influence because they are arranged in.The center (0) that additional reference subcarrier is placed on channel is located.Because the SP zone does not comprise frequency partition, so do not use the frequency partition in SP zone.

Each auxiliary main sideband span subcarrier 1 to 190 or-1 to-190.Top auxiliary expansion sideband comprises subcarrier 191 to 266, and top auxiliary protection sideband comprises that subcarrier 267 to 278 adds additional reference subcarrier 279.Bottom auxiliary expansion sideband comprises subcarrier-191 to-266, and bottom auxiliary protection sideband comprises that subcarrier-267 adds additional reference subcarrier-279 to-278.The sum frequency span of whole digital frequency spectrum is 396,803Hz.The amplitude of each subcarrier can convert with an amplitude conversion factor.Auxiliary sideband amplitude conversion factor can be at user option.Can be in four of the application choices of auxiliary sideband any one.

Each DAB waveform provides a flexible means, and this device is by providing three new type of waveform: mixing, extended hybrid and the digital digit broadcasting system of transferring to.Mix and extended hybrid types maintenance simulation FM signal, and all digital type does not contain simulation FM signal.All three type of waveform meet the spectral emission mask of current configuration.

Use OFDM (OFDM) to come modulated digital signal.OFDM is a parallel modulation scheme, wherein: the quadrature subcarrier that data stream modulates is launched in a large number simultaneously.OFDM was very flexible originally, was easy to realize the mapping of logic channel to different sub carrier groups.

In hybrid waveform, digital signal is to launch in main master (PM) sideband of waveform on the either side of simulation FM signal that mixes.The power level of each sideband is lower than the gross power in the simulation FM signal slightly.Analog signal can be monaural or stereosonic, and can comprise subsidiary communication authorization (SCA) channel.

In extended hybrid waveform, the bandwidth of mixing sideband can be to simulation FM signal extension so that improve numerical capacity.This additional frequency spectrum of distributing to each main main sideband inward flange is called as main expansion (PX) sideband.

In all-digital waveform, analog signal is removed and the bandwidth of main number sideband is expanded fully with extended hybrid waveform.In addition, this waveform allows power numeral auxiliary sideband in bottom to launch in the frequency spectrum that simulation FM signal is vacated.

The OFDM subcarrier is integrated in the frequency partition.Each frequency partition is made up of 18 data subcarriers and a reference subcarrier, shown in Fig. 5 (order A) and Fig. 6 (order B).The position of reference subcarrier (order A or B) is difference with the position of frequency partition in the frequency spectrum.

Except that reference subcarrier resides in each frequency partition inside, depend on method of service, the additional reference subcarrier up to five is inserted in the frequency spectrum at sub-carrier number-546 ,-279,0,279 and 546 places.General effect is a reference subcarrier in frequency spectrum regular distribution everywhere.Convenient for symbolic representation, specify the unique identification number between 0 and 60 for each reference subcarrier.All the lower sideband reference subcarrier as shown in Figure 7.All the upper sideband reference subcarrier as shown in Figure 8.These accompanying drawings are represented the relation between reference subcarrier numbering and the OFDM number of subcarriers.

Each frequency spectrum as shown in the figure comprises the centre frequency of sub-carrier number and some crucial OFDM subcarrier.Calculate the centre frequency of a subcarrier by the OFDM subcarrier that sub-carrier number be multiply by separation delta f.Subcarrier 0 be centered close to 0Hz.About this point, centre frequency is the channel that distributes with respect to radio frequency (RF).

Fig. 9 is to use the functional block diagram of the signal processing protocol layer 100 of the transmitter in digital audio broadcast system.How Fig. 9 has illustrated by each layer transmission control signal of protocol stack and information signal so that generate the IBOC signal on broadcast side.

As piece 102 and 104 explanations, this system can be used for providing various services, comprises radio station identification service (SIS) and assistance application service (AAS).

Illustrated as arrow 108 and 110, data, services interface 106 receives SIS and AAS signal.Shown in arrow 114, main program uses 112 also provides a main program service (MPS) data-signal to give interface 106.As arrow 118 explanations, data, services interface dateout is given channel multiplexer 116, and it produces the transmission frame that is used for by 120 uses of RF/ transmission system.

Main program service remains on existing artificial antenna format program in the analog-and digital-transmission.In addition, main program service can comprise the numerical data directly related with programming audio frequency.A public system protocol stack is shared by AM and FM system.FM is mainly different in the modulator-demodulator/physical layer that is defined as layer 1 (L1) with the AM system.Above layer the two all is common to AM and FM system.

SIS provides necessary control and identifying information, and it regulates the selection in user search and digital broadcasting radio station indirectly, and the service of their supports.SIS receives from the input of all other application so that their state can be broadcasted by main IBOC data, services (PIDS) L1 logic channel and/or auxiliary IBOC data, services (SIDS) L1 logic channel.In fact AAS allows the self-defined and special digital application of unlimited amount to operate simultaneously.Assistance application can be added afterwards at any time.

Figure 10 is the functional block diagram that modulator-demodulator/physical layer 1 is handled.Audio frequency and data are sent to physical layer from higher protocol layer, modulator-demodulator by a plurality of layer 1 Service Access Point (SAP) 160.

The layer 2 of L1 SAP define system protocol stack and the interface between the layer 1.Each channel enters layer 1 with the discrete form that transmits frame, has unique size and speed that method of service is determined.The transmission frame that carries from the information of layer 2 is called as L1 service data unit (SDU).

The notion of logic channel and their function concentrate on by the transmission of the data of IBOC system and transmit.Logic channel is a signal path that passes through layer 1 with the grade of service conducting shell 1SDU of a regulation.In Figure 10, logic channel is by the symbolic representation such as P1, PIDS, S1 or the like.Data in the underscore presentation logic channel are formatted as a vector.

Scrambler turns to the numerical data in each logic channel " white " and at random when the periodicity that relaxes signal in the simulation FM demodulator in routine during demodulation waveforms.Bit in each logic channel is by scrambler so that with the time domain data randomization and help receiver synchronous.Scrambler is used to prevent 1 tediously long stream or 0 stream, perhaps periodic data model, and this may cause difficulty or cause the unconscious interference higher than the average frequency component in the modulation signal in Synchronous Processing.Scrambler is usually finished at modulating stage after coding., for convenience's sake, the scrambler in a preferred embodiment of this system is to finish in logic channel before coding.In this case, information bit is by scrambler, the modulation signal that this causes scrambler a little to be crossed.Another benefit of scrambler is in logic channel: because receiver must be known scrambler so that data are decoded, so can use the level of security that hangs down some.

Input to scrambler is the movable logic channel of being selected by method of service from L1 SAP.Scrambler is output as the bit frame after each movable logic channel transmits scrambler.Scrambler generates a pseudo noise code, and it carries out mould 2 Hes with the input data vector.Code generator is a linear feedback shift register.

Chnnel coding comprises scrambler, chnnel coding and interleave function as shown in figure 10.Each logic channel is respectively and concurrently by scrambler and coding.All parallel disturbance code devices are identical, but depend on the activity service mode and with the operation of different speed.Each scrambler uses one and has the scrambler sequence that original polynomial linear feedback shift register generates a maximum length.Transmit frame by the corresponding bits mould 2 of relevant input bit and scrambler sequence being added the scrambler that generates a given bit.

The layer 1 of FM system is information and the FM waveform of system's control transformation for transmitting in the VHP frequency band from layer 2 (L2).Information is transmitted via a plurality of logic channels by layer 1 Service Access Point (SAP) with being controlled in the discrete transmission frame.These transmit frame and are also referred to as layer 1 service data unit (SDU).

For each frequency partition, data subcarriers d1 transmits L1 SDU to d18, and the control of reference subcarrier transfer system.Subcarrier from centre frequency 0 to channel frequency distribute arbitrary end ± 546 be numbered.

L1 SDU according to method of service different aspect size and the form.Major part--the method for service of system control is determined the transmission characteristic of each logic channel.After estimating the requirement that the candidate uses, more higher protocol layer is selected the method for service of the most suitable configuration logic channel.The criterion that described requirement is still selected.They be included in mix and digital signal between selection, in conjunction with mixed signal or respectively in conjunction with the band spreading of digital signal, expectation catch stability, content postpones and desired signal quality.A plurality of logic channels reflect the intrinsic flexibility of system, and it supports various types of other digital audio and data synchronization to send.

Layer 1 also receives system's control of being used by layer 1 system control processor from layer 2.System's control channel (SCCH) transmits control and state information.Main and the assistant service mode is controlled, the amplitude conversion factor is selected and the P3 interleaver is selected to send to layer 1 from layer 2, and synchronizing information sends to layers 2 from layer 1.

System's control data sequence is to be a predetermined bit sequence of each reference subcarrier, the various systems control component of relaying between presentation layer 1 and the layer 2.Some bits that are represented as " reservation " in system's control data sequence are subjected to the control of the layer on the L1 via main reservation control data interface and auxiliary reservation control data interface.

Method of service is a customized configuration of the operating parameter of specify throughput, executive level and selected logic channel.All the allowed configurations of method of service regulation logic channel.Sum is 11 methods of service.Seven main methods of service are MP1, MP2, MP3, MP4, MP5, MP6 and MP7.They dispose main logic channel.Four assistant service modes are MS1, MS2, MS3 and MS4.Their configuration auxiliary logic channels.

Logic channel is a signal path of being determined by method of service, and it transmits L1 SDU in the frame in layer 1 with a specific service class conduction.The layer 1 of FM air interface provides ten logic channels to upper-layer protocol more.Not every logic channel all is used in each method of service.

There are four main logic channels to be used with hybrid waveform and all-digital waveform.They are represented as P1, P2, P3 and PIDS.Table 1 shows the function as main method of service, by the approximate information speed of each main logic channel support.

The approximate information speed of the main logic channel of table 1

Method of service	Approximate information speed (kbits/sec)				Waveform
						????P1	????P2	????P3	??PIDS
	????MP1	????98	????N/A	????N/A						????1	Mix
????MP2					????98	????N/A	????12	????1	Extended hybrid
	????MP3	????98	????N/A	????25						????1	Extended hybrid
????MP4					????98	????N/A	????50	????1	Extended hybrid
	????MP5	????25	????74	????25						????1	Extended hybrid, digital
????MP6					????50	????49	????N/A	????1	Extended hybrid, digital
	????MP7	????25	????98	????25						????1	Extended hybrid, digital

There are six auxiliary logic channels only to be used with all-digital waveform.They are represented as S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and SIDS.Table 2 shows the function as the assistant service mode, by the approximate information speed of each auxiliary logic channel support.

The approximate information speed of table 2 auxiliary logic channel

Method of service	Approximate information speed (kbits/sec)						Waveform
								????S1	????S2	????S3	????S4	????S5	????SIDS
	????MS1	????0	????0	????0	????98	????6								????1	Digital
????MS2							????25	????74	????25	????0	????6	????1	Digital
	????MS3	????50	????49	????0	????0	????6								????1	Digital
????MS4							????25	????98	????25	????0	????6	????1	Digital

Logic channel P1 is designed to transmit audio frequency and data to P3 and S1 to S5, and main IBOC data, services (PIDS) and auxiliary IBOC data, services (SIDS) logic channel are designed to transmit IBOC data, services (IDS) information.

The performance of each logic channel is all described by three characteristic parameters: transmit, postpone and stability.It is the part of these characteristic parameters that chnnel coding, frequency spectrum mapping, interleaver depth and diversity postpone.Method of service disposes these parts uniquely for each movable logic channel in layer 1, thereby determines suitable characteristic parameter.In addition, method of service regulation by the framing of the transmission frame of each movable logic channel and synchronously.

As shown in figure 10 some are handled level and are represented by the logic channel subscript.For example, the logic channel indication is write subscript and write subscript with " G " after chnnel coding with " S " after scrambler.In addition, the band apostrophe note (as P1 ' _G) in the presentation logic channel carry out different processing with " with apostrophe " channel, and specify in the different spectral part of distributing in the bandwidth and transmit.The single underscore note name of logic channel is meant the fact that data are passed through between various functions as vector.Each logic channel has a special-purpose scrambler and channel encoder.

The layer 2 of L1 SAP 160 define system protocol stacks and the interface between the layer 1.Each channel enters layer 1 with the discrete form that transmits frame, has unique size and the speed determined by method of service.The transmission frame that carries from the information of layer 2 is called as L1 SDU.

The scrambler function that is shown as piece 162 with the numerical data randomization in each logic channel so that relax signal period property.In output place of scrambler function, the logic channel vector keeps their sign, but by " S " subscript distinguish (for example, " P1 _S").

Numerical data in each logic channel increases redundancy and improves its reliability when existing in the channel damage thereby the chnnel coding that is shown as piece 164 is used convolutional encoding.Chnnel coding is used to increase redundancy so that improve the reliability of transmission information to each logic channel.Encoding rate definition is because the expense increment that chnnel coding causes on encoding channel.Encoding rate is the ratio of information bit and total bit number after the coding.

Convolutional encoding is the form of forward error correction channel, and its coded-bit is inserted in the continuous message bit stream so that form a predictable structure.Different with block encoder, convolution coder has memory, and its output be current input and before the input function.

The size and the encoding rate of logic channel vector increase inversely.Encoding rate definition is because the expense increment that chnnel coding causes on encoding channel.It is the ratio of information bit and total bit number after the coding.

Coding techniques can be disposed by method of service.Diversity postpones also to cause on selected logic channel.Diversity postpones to provide a set time to postpone in one of double-channel of carrying same information so that the astable channel of eliminating such as decline and impulsive noise damages.

In output place of channel encoder, the logic channel vector keeps their sign, but now by " G " subscript distinguish (for example " P1 _G").In some methods of service, P1 and S1 are separated so that the form and the undelayed form of delay are provided in output place.

As interweaving in piece 166 time that is shown in and the frequency being used for relaxing the influence of burst error.Interleaving technology is customized and can be disposed by method of service by the VHP fading environment.The statistics of the multipath fading in the VHP channel and a large amount of sub-carrier group of adjacent-channel interference influence, for example part of upper sideband or lower sideband or these sidebands.Interweave with causing so placing code bit and do not damage sign indicating number so that remaining good code bit (undisturbed influence) can hold suitable good " (Punctured) that punchinges ".In addition, the multipath fading statistics in the common mobile VHP channel causes optionally decay on frequency, and changes in time with the proportional fading rate of vehicle speed with one.These frequencies and the time statistics of fading influence the frequency interlacing of the interleaver time interval and code bit.Frequency interlacing is used in the OFDM design.This interweaving causes obvious more firm performance in the channel.In this process, logic channel loses their sign.Interleaver output is configured with a kind of matrix format.Each matrix is made up of one or more logic channels and is relevant with a specific part of emission spectrum.The mapping of interleaver matrix indication reflection frequency spectrum.For example, Be mapped to the main main portion of frequency spectrum, and

Be mapped to auxiliary expansion (SX) part of frequency spectrum.

System's control and treatment shown in the piece 168 generates system's control data sequence matrix, and it is included in the control and the state (for example method of service) of broadcasting on the reference subcarrier.This data matrix is represented as " reference "

OFDM sub-carrier mapped shown in the piece 170 distributes interleaver matrix and system's gating matrix to give the OFDM subcarrier.Each OFDM code element T _SJust handle the delegation of each activity interleaver matrix so that produce an output vector , it is that signal frequency-domain is represented.Mapping is special customization and function that be method of service for non-homogeneous interference environment.Need some control informations to allow deinterleaving follow-up in each mode and decoding at the receiver place.This control information is not interleaved usually.

The generation of ofdm signal shown in piece 172, the numerical portion of generation time domain FM waveform.Input vector is transformed into the time domain base band pulse of shaping, y _n(t), OFDM code element of its definition.

Transmission subsystem shown in piece 174 is the baseband waveform format by the VHF Channel Transmission.Main subfunction comprises code element cascade and frequency up-converted.In addition, when the emission hybrid waveform, this function is modulated analog source and it and digital signal is merged the synthetic mixed signal s (t) that forms a preparation transmission.

By being added on the main main sideband that is present in the hybrid waveform, main expansion sideband produces extended hybrid waveform, as shown in Figure 3.Depend on method of service, one, two or four frequency partition can be added to the inward flange of each main main sideband.

Each main main sideband comprises ten frequency partition and an additional reference subcarrier, span subcarrier 356 to 546 or-356 to-546.Top is mainly expanded sideband and is comprised subcarrier 337 to 355 (frequency partition), 318 to 355 (two frequency partition), perhaps 280 to 355 (four frequency partition).The sideband that the bottom is mainly expanded comprises subcarrier-337 to-355 (frequency partition), and-318 to-355 (two frequency partition) are perhaps-280 to-355 (four frequency partition).The amplitude of each subcarrier converts with an amplitude conversion factor.Between the subregion that the significance bit of coded-bit and hypothesis more are damaged, a coupling is arranged.Therefore prior code bit is arranged in more protection subregions.

Construct all-digital waveform by the inhibited mode analog signal, launch the bandwidth of main number sideband fully, and power auxiliary sideband in bottom is added in the frequency spectrum that analog signal vacates.The frequency spectrum of all-digital waveform as shown in Figure 4.

System's control channel (SCCH) transmits the discrete transmission frame of control and state information between layer 2 and layer 1.The control information that is sent to layer 1 from layer 2 comprises that main method of service control (PSM), assistant service mode are controlled (SSM) and the amplitude conversion factor is selected (ASF).The state information that is sent to layer 1 from layer 2 is that the P3 interleaver is selected (P3IS) (only for extended hybrid waveform and all-digital waveform).The state information that is sent to layer 2 from layer 1 is made up of absolute L1 frame number (ALFN) and L1 definitely several (BC).In addition, some bits that are represented as " reservation " in system's control data sequence are subjected to the control of the layer on the L1 via main reservation control data interface and auxiliary reservation control data interface.The status indicator of this state information and L1 block count and control information (except ALFN) is broadcasted on reference subcarrier.

The configuration and the performance of method of service regulation logic channel.Method of service has two basic types: main, it disposes main logic channel; With auxiliary, its configuration auxiliary logic channel.

All waveforms all need the definition of main and assistant service mode.If auxiliary sideband does not exist, then assistant service mode is set to " nothing ".In an embodiment of this system, the method for service that adds up to 11 is supported the digital audio of various combinations and classification and sending of data.

Movable main method of service (PSM) is designated as MP1, MP2, MP3, MP4, MP5, MP6 and MP7.Movable assistant service mode (SSM) is designated as MS1, MS2, MS3 and MS4.

Main method of service provides back compatible.Back compatible guarantees that any new mode of operation still transmits can be by any main method of service of receiver decoding.Keep for following expansion greater than the main method of service Bit Allocation in Discrete of Binary Zero 00110., in order to ensure back compatible, the main method of service of all reservations must keep back compatible with one of method of service MP1-MP6.At least, back compatible system's control data sequence (matrix of comprising the PIDS logic channel, transmitting by reference subcarrier ) and at least one logic channel of media quality digital audio can be provided.With any method of service of blended service mode MP1-MP4 back compatible also be that a blended service mode and assistant service mode must be set to " nothing ".

In one of two configurations, a main method of service can keep and the mainly back compatible of method of service MP5 and MP6.P1 and P1 ' or have only P1 ' logic channel to be supported.

When sideband was assisted in broadcasting in all-digital waveform, movable main and assistant service mode all needed.Method of service MP1 is invalid for all-digital waveform to MP4.When the broadcasting all-digital waveform, have only main method of service MP5 can match to MS4 with assistant service mode MS1 to MP7.These any combinations main and the assistant service mode all are admissible.

Main method of service control (PSM) and assistant service mode control (SSM) via SCCH with speed R _fFrom layer 2, receive.The method of service change only is called on the L1 frame boundaries.But not all method of service change can be finished in seamless (not breakable layer 1 service).

In method of service MP2-MP5 and MP7, the P3 logic channel can use a weak point or long interleaver depth (time interval).Long interleaver depth is more firm than short interleaver depth.But long interleaver (about 1.48 seconds) causes a long decode time, and this influence can be heard the receiver tuning period before the audio frequency.This long tuning period sometimes is unacceptable, therefore uses short interleaver.

Long or short interleaver is about one of PDU length relative term.The bit quantity of a signal PDU of short interleaver encapsulation, and long interleaver can encapsulate the bit from several successive PDU.The length of long interleaver is a parameter.Between stability and content availability delay, there is one to trade off.If for a particular case, a specific user thinks that at a time postponing is prior factor, can select short interleaver so, causes limited stability.If under preset time and content combination, think that stability is prior factor, can select long interleaver so.

The P3 interleaver selects (P3IS) to receive from L2 via SCCH.When system launched in method of service MP1 or MP7, this bit was ignored by L1.When in method of service MP2-MP5 or MP7, launching, when the state of P3IS changes, a discontinuity will be arranged in the transmission of P3 logic channel.Change in the P3IS state does not influence the operation of any other logic channel.

The signal of emission can be taken as duration T _fA series of unique L1 frame.Transmit frame and be the orderly one dimension set of the data bit of the specific length that originates from layer 2, be used for handling by a logic channel by grouping.For with reference to all transmission to the absolute time, each L1 frame is relevant with an absolute L1 frame number (ALFN).The beginning of this interchangeable frame numbering plan supposition ALFN 0 took place in 00:00:00 Coordinated Universal Time(UTC) January 6 in 1980 (UTC).The beginning of the L1 frame that each is follow-up in that time instantaneous after T _fAccurate integral multiple place take place.Current ALFN can be by from current be to deduct the GPS time started (00:00:00 on January 6th, 1980) and the result be multiply by frame rate R the gps time (allow GPS new era) of unit representation difference with the second _fA determined binary number.Per 1024 weeks in new GPS new era just begin.Begin the midnight of second new era between on August 21st, 1999 and August 22.

Via SCCH with speed R _fPass to layer 2 ALFN and be used to the sending of programming of scheduled time key.It is not to be broadcasted as a part that transmits.

It is T that each L1 frame can be believed to comprise the duration _b16 L1 pieces.The current L1 of L1 block count (BC) expression is the position in the L1 frame certainly.The beginning of a L1 frame of L1 block count 0 expression, the last L1 piece in L1 frame of BC 15 expressions simultaneously.

BC via SCCH with speed R _bBe transferred to layer 2.It is broadcasted and is received the machine use and helps synchronously on reference subcarrier.

The explanation of the relation of L1 piece and L1 frame as shown in figure 11.Main sideband and auxiliary sideband convert on amplitude independently.Main sideband conversion factor a0 and a1 are by the determined fixedly conversion factor of the selection of method of service.Four amplitude conversion factor a2 select to be used for application to all auxiliary sidebands to one of a5 by broadcaster.Auxiliary sideband amplitude conversion factor selects (ASF) to receive from L2 via SCCH.When emission mixing or extended hybrid waveform, this field is left in the basket.When the emission all-digital waveform, the change meeting of ASF is not had discontinuity or destruction by seamless influence at the L1 frame boundaries in layer 1 service.

Three bits and auxiliary system control data sequence that main system control data sequence comprises that expression reserves comprise six bits that expression is reserved.These bits are controlled by the layer above the L1 via main reservation control data interface and the auxiliary control data interface of reserving.

Logic channel is a signal path that conducts L1 SDU by layer 1 with the grade of service of a regulation.Main logic channel is P1, P2, P3 and PIDS.The auxiliary logic channel is S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and SIDS.Logic channel disposes by their characteristic parameter definition and by method of service.

For a given method of service, can use three characteristic parameters to come the service class of a quantitative uniquely particular logical channel: to transmit, postpone and stability.Channel encoding rate, interleaver depth, diversity postpone and the frequency spectrum mapping is the decisive factor of these characteristic parameters.

Transmit the throughput of definition of logical channels.The operation (for example interweaving) of layer 1 piece orientation requires its to handle and discretely transmits data in the frame and discontinuous flow.As a result, define throughput according to transmitting frame sign (bitwise) and transmitting frame rate (with Hz is unit, perhaps transmits frame number/second).In fact this layer 1 framing define the arrangement of L1 SDU.

Each transmits the transmission frame number F of frame by it _M1:m2 ⁿIdentification uniquely, wherein: n transmits the associated ALFN of frame, and m1:m2 is the BC scope that transmits frame span in L1 frame n.Therefore, the BC scope represents to transmit the position of frame in the L1 frame.Transmitting frame number is not to be broadcasted as a part of launching the HD radio signal.

All transmission frames are conducted with one of three speed by layer 1:

The L1 frame rate, $R_f=\frac{1}{T_f}$

L1 piece speed, $R_b=\frac{1}{T_b}$

The L1 piece is to speed, $R_p=\frac{1}{T_p}$

The transmission frame rate is called as transmission frame modulus with the ratio of L1 frame rate.For a transmission frame modulus 1, the BC scope is 0:15 always.For a transmission frame modulus 16, the BC scope is an integer between 0 and 15 always.Signal between layer 2 and the layer 1 transmits shown in Figure 11.It is shown in Figure 12 to transmit the frame rate relation.

Figure 13 has illustrated that a undivided transmission frame 180, one are divided into the right transmission frame 182 of piece and a transmission frame 184 that is divided into piece.

The overhead constraints information throughput of encoding because frequency spectrum shines upon limit capacity is so frequency spectrum mapping and channel encoding rate are determined the transmission of logic channel.Interleaver depth also is a factor because transmit frame usually by layer 1 to be conducted with the interleaver depth rate corresponding of their logic channels.

Be to traverse layer 1 the time when logic channel time of delay, and it transmits the delay that causes on the frame at one.The delay of logic channel is defined as its interleaver depth and the summation of diversity delay.It does not comprise the processing delay in the layer 1, and it does not comprise the delay that causes in the top layer yet.

Interleaver depth is determined the retardation that interleaver causes on a logic channel.An embodiment of this system uses three interleaver depth: L1 piece, L1 piece to the L1 frame.Diversity postpones also to be used on some logic channels.

More high-risely select to give logic channel with the delay assignment information of necessity by method of service.Be six delays of this system's regulation.

Stability is the ability that the channel of logic channel opposing such as noise, interference and decline damages.In the layer 1 of FM air interface, 11 relative stable ranks are arranged.The superelevation level opposing that stability 1 expression damages channel, and the more rudimentary opposing that stability 11 expressions damage channel.For delay, layer 2 must be determined the stability of needed logic channel before selecting a method of service.

Frequency spectrum mapping, channel encoding rate, interleaver depth and diversity postpone to determine the stability of logic channel.The frequency spectrum mapping influences stability by the frequency diversity that relative power level, spectral interference protection and logic channel are set.Chnnel coding improves stability by redundancy is incorporated in the logic channel.Interleaver depth influences the performance in the multipath fading, thereby influences the stability of logic channel.At last, some logic channels in some method of service transmit one of frame delay fixedly the duration so that realize time diversity.This diversity postpones also influence stability, because it has relaxed the influence of mobile radio channel.

Use these forms and following formula can calculate the information throughput of logic channel at L1 SAP place:

Throughput (bps)=transmit frame sign (bit) to transmit frame rate (Hz)

For a given method of service, each logic channel is applied to one group of OFDM subcarrier or frequency partition, as shown in Figure 14-17.In these figure, the frequency representation of band note is from the skew of channel center frequency.

Logic channel is shared a common absolute time benchmark, so that all transmission frames are accurately aimed at when they enter L1 SAP.Each transmits frame and is assigned with a unique transmission frame number F _M1:m2 ⁿ, wherein, n is ALFN, and m1:m2 specifies the BC scope that transmits the position of frame in the L1 of index frame.This numbering plan allows all transmission frames with reference to an absolute transmission time.

Figure 18 to 20 shows timing and the aligning of each method of service at all transmission frames of L1 SAP place reception.This figure explanation: according to method of service, logic channel is at various durations (L1 frame (T _f), the L1 piece is to (T _p) or L1 piece (T _b)) the transmission frame in transmission information.Each schematic diagram span is at one of the ALFN n several L1 frame around the L1 frame boundaries at random.At each L1 frame boundaries place, transmit frame and accurately aimed at.Layer 1 Service Access Point (SAP) is the interface of a parametrization notion between layer 2 and the layer 1, and it all is public to AM and FM system.It uses the structure of helping understand protocol stack.It does not mean that a concrete realization, but is provided at service mobile between layer 1 and the layer 2 and a kind of formal definition of use thereof.

Use primitive to describe SAP.Each primitive is described an exchange of specifying a customizing messages (control and/or the user content) type of L1 logic channel or L1 itself.The L2 user content that is not delivered to receiver entities is known as a service data unit or SDU with being changed.SDU is used IND (indication) primitive by the L1 statement to ask by L1.L2 responds with a RESP (response) primitive that transmits institute's request msg.Layer 1 and layer other exchange between 2 are control informations, and a part that can be used as waveform is launched or can be as the part emission of waveform.

Bit in each logic channel by scrambler so that time domain data randomization and help and receiver is synchronous.As shown in figure 18, ten parallel disturbance code devices are arranged, one of each logic channel.

The input of scrambler is the movable logic channel of being selected by method of service from L1 SAP.These inputs are sent discrete the transmission in the frame.The output of scrambler is the transmission frame of the scrambler bit of each movable logic channel.These transmit frame and are transferred to the chnnel coding process that is used for forward error correction.

All parallel disturbance code devices are identical, but depend on the activity service mode and with the operation of different speed.The schematic diagram of scrambler as shown in figure 19.Each scrambler uses has primitive multinomial P (x)=1 x ² x ¹¹Linear feedback shift register 190 generate a maximum length scrambler sequence.Transmit frame by the corresponding bits mould 2 of relevant input bit and scrambler sequence being added the scrambler that generates a given bit.

The scrambler bit mould 2 that generates when first bit of input transfer frame and shift register are set to initial condition adds and generates first bit that scrambler transmits frame.This process is handled continuation then till last bit of input transfer frame is by scrambler.

Chnnel coding is improved systematic function by damage the stability that improves signal when existing at channel.As shown in figure 20, the chnnel coding process feature is two main operations: time delay 200 (postponing and transmitting calibration for diversity) and convolutional encoding 202.

The input of chnnel coding process is the transmission frame by the scrambler bit of movable logic channel transmission.The output of chnnel coding process is the transmission frame of the coded-bit relevant with each movable logic channel.The transmission frame of output is transferred to interleave function.

In part subsequently, convenient for symbolic representation, represent by their the following contracted notation that is marked with at the logic channel vector of a particular procedure level.

Depend on method of service, logic channel P1 and S1 can be divided into two channels and be delayed when they enter the chnnel coding process.This delay provides time diversity to affected logic channel.If be employed, then the diversity length of delay is fixed as N _DdT _f, wherein, N _DdBe to transmit frame number and T _fIt is a duration of transmitting frame.The other delay that is called as transmitting calibration be initiated so that the channel of guaranteeing to postpone (P1 ' and S1 ') on the diversity inhibit signal thus being accurately positioned the diversity that adapts in the receiver with respect to the not delayedchannel with same content in the time merges.

Convolutional encoding comprises three main operations: former code generates, punching (Puncturing) and parallel serial conversion.Be described in more detail below each of these operations.

[0152] convolution coder uses and selects generator polynomial so that one group of former code of form.Speed

Convolution coder is each input bit S _iThe individual coded-bit g of output n _{H, i}, $i=\underset{\‾}{\underset{\‾}{S}}$ In 0,1, K, N-1 creates the code word matrix of a dimension n * N

$\underset{\&OverBar;}{\underset{\&OverBar;}{G}}=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="g"\; filenames="A0382296200473.png,A0382296200522.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{1,0}}& {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="g"\; filenames="A0382296200473.png,A0382296200522.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="g"\; filenames="A0382296200473.png,A0382296200522.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>\; </figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{1,1}}& \mathrm{\&Lambda;}& {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="g"\; filenames="A0382296200473.png,A0382296200522.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>}}_{1,N-1}\\ {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="g"\; filenames="A0382296200473.png,A0382296200492.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{2,0}}& {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="g"\; filenames="A0382296200473.png,A0382296200492.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="g"\; filenames="A0382296200473.png,A0382296200522.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>\; </figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{2,1}}& \mathrm{\&Lambda;}& {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="g"\; filenames="A0382296200473.png,A0382296200492.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">g</figure-callout>}}_{2,N-1}\\ M& M& M& M\\ g_{n,0}& g_{n,1}& \mathrm{\&Lambda;}& g_{n,N-1}\end{array}\right]$

Wherein, N is SLength, and h=1,2, K, the code word bits of a given input bit of n index.In the FM system, n=3 or 4. Each tabulation show the coding output of a given input bit.

Some methods of service need be punchinged former code word with the higher a little encoding rate of generation, thereby allow a higher information rate by same band width in physical.Code word matrix

Cycle P is punchinged by punchinging.For every P coded-bit, some bit g _{H, i}Be not launched.Which coded-bit is span launch by the defined matrix of punchinging of the coded-bit in the cycle of punchinging.The matrix that repeats to punching on all that transmit frame coded-bit forms the model of punchinging.

After former code bit was suitably punchinged, parallel-to-serial converter was by following

Row be cascaded to single vector GIn they are multiplexed:

G＝[g _1，0，g _2，0，Λ，g _n，0，g _1，1，g _2，1，Λ，g _n，1，Λ，g _1，N-1，g _2，N-1，Λ，g _n，N-1]

Another tandem coding bit sequence can be:

G＝[g _1，0，g _2，0，g _3，0，g _1，1，g _2，1，g _1，2，g _2，2，g _3，2，g _1，3，g _2，3…g _1，N-2，g _2，N-2，g _3，N-2，g _1，N-1，g _2，N-1]

Last 6 bits of a given transmission frame are utilized for that and transmit the delay element initialization of frame with corresponding convolution coder.The use of the transmission frame of definition encoding block is very important aspect the calibration that keeps the Different Logic interchannel.

The chnnel coding process regulation of each logic channel in each method of service is as follows.In method of service MP1, it is movable having only P1 and PIDS logic channel.Having only P1, P3 and PIDS logic channel is movable in method of service MP2, MP3 and MP4.

Having only P1, P2, P3 and PIDS logic channel is movable in method of service MP5.Having only P1, P2 and PIDS logic channel is movable in method of service MP6.Having only P1, P2, P3 and PIDS logic channel is movable in method of service MP7.Having only S4, S5 and SIDS logic channel is movable in method of service MS1.Having only S1, S2, S3, S5 and SIDS logic channel is movable in method of service MS2.Having only S1, S2, S5 and SIDS logic channel is movable in method of service MS3.Having only S1, S2, S3, S5 and SIDS logic channel is movable in method of service MS4.

Interweave and form by six parallel interleaving processs (IP): PM, PX, SM, SX, SP and SB, as shown in figure 21.An IP comprises one or more interleavers, comprises also that is sometimes transmitted a frame multiplexer.Interleaving process (IP) is to transmit the last sequence of operations of carrying out of frames (vector) so that their bit is re-ordered into one or more interleaver matrix one or more the coding, and their content is intended for a specific part of emission spectrum.

Method of service determines which input at any given time and IP are movable.In addition, be those movable methods of service for the P3 logic channel, the P3IS control bit that obtains from L2 determines to be to use a long interleaver also to be to use short delivery to knit device.The whole inputs that are used to interweave are to transmit frame from the chnnel coding of main logic channel P1 to P3 and PIDS and auxiliary logic channel S1 to S5 and SIDS.

Bit matrix from the interleaver of all activity parallel I P is transmitted to the OFDM sub-carrier mapped, and its is mapped to its each upper sideband and lower sideband to the delegation's bit from each interleaver matrix.

Interleaver is to adopt bit vectors as its input and the function of the bit matrix of output rearrangement.The rearrangement of bit has relaxed the influence of the burst error that is caused by signal fadeout and interference before emission.

The interleaver function is used the two-dimensional matrix vector of channel-encoded bit of resequencing.Interleaver allows independent coded-bit or coded-bit in groups to be directed to the interior concrete interleaver subregion of interleaver matrix.An interleaver subregion can be regarded as a less individual interleaving device.

Figure 22 shows an interleaver matrix of being used by PM IP.This interleaver matrix comprises 20 interleaver subregions.Generally speaking, interleaver matrix is divided into J interleaver subregion.Each interleaver subregion is divided into B interleaver block.An interleaver block span 32 is gone and the C row.Therefore, the dimension of each interleaver subregion is (B32) * C in given interleaver matrix.For the given interleaver in the IP, the interleaver matrix size can change with method of service.The interleaver subregion is the logical subdivision of total interleaver matrix.Each interleaver subregion comprises C row (C=24 or 36) and (B32) capable, and wherein, B is the number of interleaver block.

The input of each interleaver is from i=0,1 ..., the vector of the channel-encoded bit of N-1 index.The output of each interleaver is the bit matrix that is intended for (B32) * (JC) of OFDM sub-carrier mapped.

Use a prescription formula calculate each coded-bit to the mapping of a position in the interleaver matrix.In can comprising an embodiment of digit broadcasting system of the present invention, there is four types interleaver to be used for handling signal in each channel.

The present invention relates to a kind of convolutional deinterleaver that one of interleaver function is provided in the DAB system.The interleaver equation that the elucidated hereinafter convolutional deinterleaver is provided with.Table 3 has identified equational each parameter of convolutional deinterleaver.

Table 3 interleaver parameter

The interleaver parameter	The interleaver parameter-definition
		J	The interleaver number of partitions of each interleaver matrix.
B	The interleaver block number of each interleaver subregion.
		C	The column number that each interleaver is determined.
M	Be used in the factor in the interleaver subregion Distribution Calculation.
		v	Be used for controlling the interleaver matrix interleaver subregion subregion allocation vector of ordering relatively.
B	Each transmits the bit number of frame.
		N	The bit number of each interleaver list entries.Can a plurality of transmission frames of span.

For convolutional deinterleaver, must follow reading from interleaver matrix in the back to writing of interleaver matrix at every turn.Because the total number of bits that is interleaved is greater than transmitting frame sign, so need an additional matrix to manage this flow process.Therefore, relevant with convolutional deinterleaver technical terms is as follows:

The interleaver matrix of inner interleaver matrix--dimension (B32) * (JC) is used the interleaver equation group that bit is write this matrix, and read bit by row in order from this matrix.It can adopt a plurality of transmission frames to fill this matrix.It is full of after N bit is processed.

The output interleaver matrix---dimension of b the bit that interweaves that reads in the interleaver matrix internally comprised $[\frac{B}{N/b}\&CenterDot;32]\&times;(J\&CenterDot;C)$ A battle array.Bit number in this matrix equals the size or the parameter b of input transfer frame.Bit is by writing this matrix in order according to each row that originates in row 0, row 0.Attention: the number of the transmission frame of each interleaver matrix equals N/b.

For a given convolutional deinterleaver, the needed step of coded-bit is as follows for each of the list entries of treated length N:

1. use the table 4 of elucidated hereinafter and 5 apportioning costs give parameter J, B, C, M, v, b and N.

2. subregion is distributed the counter vector PtBe initialized as complete zero.The length of this vector equals J.

For each i=0 to N-1,

Equation based on elucidated hereinafter uses a bit addresses that calculates that a bit is write the inner interleaver matrix.Calculate partition _I(subregion i) releases Pt[partition _i], and calculate block _i, row _iAnd column _iI input bit write this position in the inner interleaver matrix.

Read a bit internally in next row and column of interleaver matrix:

readRow＝INT(i?MOD?C)

readColumn＝i?MOD?C

The bit that reads in the interleaver matrix is internally write next row and column of output interleaver matrix:

writeRow＝INT((i?MOD?b)MOD?C)

writeColumn＝(i?MOD?b)MOD?C

Increase progressively Pt[partition _i].

Elucidated hereinafter interleaver equation.When P3IS=1 interweaves P3 _GWhen transmitting frame, interleaver of the present invention can be used by PX IP.In order to realize the present invention, at first define a support parameter, this support parameter is represented a bit number in the interleaver block:

Bk_bits＝32·C

Define second support parameter then:

Bk_adj＝32·C-1

Can calculate vIn index distribute so that use following equation to reappear the interleaver subregion:

${\mathrm{partIndex}}_i=\mathrm{INT}\left(\frac{i+(2\&CenterDot;\mathrm{INT}\left(\frac{M}{4}\right))}{M}\right)\mathrm{MODJ}$

Each counter that equals number of partitions for length can distribute a subregion to distribute the counter vector PtPartition _iSuitable counter be then:

pt _i＝ pt[partition _i]

At every turn to a given subregion carry out a branch timing then the subregion of that subregion distribute counter to increase one.Each subregion distributes the initial value of counter to be set to 0.

But use application parameter, determine that by using following equation a piece in the interleaver subregion distributes:

${\mathrm{block}}_i=({\mathrm{pt}}_i+({\mathrm{partition}}_i\&CenterDot;7)-(\mathrm{Bk}\_\mathrm{adj}\&CenterDot;\mathrm{INT}\left(\frac{{\mathrm{pt}}_i}{\mathrm{Bk}\_\mathrm{bits}}\right)))\mathrm{MODB}$

Determine that by using applicable parameter the row in the interleaver block distributes, and uses following equation:

${\mathrm{row}}_i=\mathrm{INT}\left(\frac{(11\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{pt}}_i)\mathrm{MODBk}\_\mathrm{bits}}{C}\right)$

Determine that by using applicable parameter the row in the interleaver block distribute, and use following equation:

column _i＝(pt _i·11)MOD?C

Main main interleaving process (IP) interweaves and is mapped to bit on the main main sideband that Fig. 2 describes in Fig. 4.This IP is movable in all main methods of service (MP1 is to MP7).PM IP is expanded into single interleaver matrix to a plurality of logic channels,

Interleaving process must keep a specific transmission frame to aim at synchronously in its output place.For a given logic channel, the transmission frame span L1 piece of BC scope m1:m2 indication appointment.ALFN n is absolute L1 frame number.

[0178] Figure 23 shows when P3IS=1 method of service MP2 to the PX IP of MP4.In these methods of service, PX IP uses interleaver handle of the present invention P3 _GThe transmission frame interweaves and exports in an inner interleaver matrix and them PX1(output interleaver matrix).The interleaver parameter value that method of service is correlated with is shown in table 4 and 5.Though it is public transmitting frame rate, P3 _GTransmitting frame changes with method of service.Therefore, PX1The number of interleaver subregion is also different in the interleaver matrix.

Form 4 PX1Interleaver parameter value-method of service MP2 is to MP4, P3IS=1

Method of service	??J	?B	??C	??M	V	??b	????I 0	?N
									????MP2	??2	?3 ?2	??36	??4	[0，1]	??4608	????N/A	?73728
????MP3	??4	?3 ?2	??36	??2	[0，1，2，3]	??9216	????N/A	?147456
									????MP4	??8	?3 ?2	??36	??1	[0，1，3，2，4，5，7，6]	18432	???N/A	?294912

Though the size of inner interleaver matrix is 16 P3 _GTransmit frame, but interleaver is described to one of single treatment P3 _GTransmit frame.When a bit was written into the inner interleaver matrix of interleaver use, then a bit was read in proper order and is exported in order from this matrix

It is consistent with the situation of P3IS=0, Size equal one P3 _GTransmit the length of frame.Therefore each that handle for interleaver P3 _GTransmit frame,

Output matrix all is filled.Describe this process by this way and make that the sub-carrier mapped process that is described below is transparent fully to the state of P3IS.16 have been used up at interleaver P3 _GTransmit frame and 16 After matrix had been filled and has exported, the inner interleaver matrix was all filled, and handling process resets then.

In actual applications, because interleaver is a convolution, can be the random length that is less than or equal to the capacity N of inner interleaver matrix so be input to bit number in the interleaver and that from interleaver, export.For the symbolic representation convenience, the notion of inner interleaver matrix is described here.

Form 5 PX interleaver parameter value-method of service MP5 and MP7, P3IS=1

Method of service	?J	?B	?C	?M	v	??b	????I 0	?N
									????MP5	?4	?32	?36	?2	[0，1，2，3]	??9216	????N/A	?147456
????MP7	?4	?32	?36	?2	[0，1，2，3]	??9216	????N/A	?147456

Under the direction of higher level, system's control and treatment compilation also is encoded to the predetermined bit sequence (system's control data sequence) of each reference subcarrier distinctively.The reference subcarrier up to 61 in OFDM frequency spectrum distributed throughout is arranged here, be numbered 0...60.The reference subcarrier number of broadcasting in given waveform depends on method of service.But irrelevant with method of service, system's control and treatment is always exported whole 61 system's control data sequences.

32 * 61 matrixes by system's control data sequence assembler compilation Each row in bit encoded distinctively according to Figure 24, and output to matrix according to identical order Conceptive, this process can be regarded as 61 parallel differential encoders.For a single differential encoder,

One row j bit processed from i=0...31 in order.System's control data sequence bits once is imported into a differential encoder.This input bit and the previous output bit that stores

[i-1] [j] mould 2 adds so that form nearest output bit,

[i] [j].Each input bit is 1 o'clock, and result's output bit flow is with reversed polarity.The initial condition of each differential encoder is 0.

The OFDM sub-carrier mapped distributes the interleaver subregion to give frequency partition.For each movable interleaver matrix, the distribution of OFDM sub-carrier mapped is given compound output vector from delegation's bit of each interleaver subregion XIn its each frequency partition.In addition, from Delegation in system's control data sequence bits be mapped to XMiddle movable reference subcarrier position.Method of service stipulate which interleaver matrix and Which unit be movable.Figure 25 shows input, output and the assembly function of OFDM sub-carrier mapped.

The input of OFDM sub-carrier mapped is from the bit-rows in each activity interleaver matrix with from the matrix of system's control data sequence Bit-rows.

Output from each the OFDM code element in the OFDM sub-carrier mapped is that length is 1093 single compound vector XThis vector is by from k=0, and 1,2 ..., 1092 indexes. XK unit corresponding to subcarrier (k-546).

XIndex 012 ... 1,090 1,091 1092

Sub-carrier number-546-545-544 ... 544 545 546

Row in movable unit and be assigned to from the associated row in each activity interleaver matrix XSame example.

The signal constellation which mapping table the bit that from the interleaver subregion, reads to from In the individual bit that reads be converted to compound planisphere value.The converter function is applied to suitable amplitude gain factor on these stowed values.Gain factor is determined by the signal level of expectation.OFDM sub-carrier mapped table is mapped to output vector to the compound planisphere value that converts XSuitable unit. XIn be set to stowed value 0+j0 corresponding to the unit that does not use subcarrier.

For each activity interleaver matrix, every Ts time is just handled delegation's bit.Since first row (row 0), each row of processed in sequence.When all provisional capitals of interleaver matrix were processed, next example of interleaver matrix was processed since first row.

For a given row of interleaver matrix, handle bit by the interleaver subregion.Each of the interior adjacent column of interleaver subregion is to being mapped to a compound orthogonal phase shift keying (QPSK) the modulating data subcarrier in the frequency partition.This mapping continues in order.Beginning two row (0 and 1) of interleaver subregion are mapped to the beginning sub-carrier number of frequency partition, and last two row of interleaver subregion are mapped to the end sub-carrier number of frequency partition.

For each adjacent column in the interleaver subregion to being mapped to vector XOn the interior subcarrier position, adopt following steps:

1. the bit that reads the adjacent column in the interleaver subregion is right.Right for given row, the bit that reads from reduce the index row is mapped as the I bit, and the bit that reads from higher index row is mapped as the Q bit.

From the bit in the step 1 to being mapped as a compound planisphere value.The I bit is mapped to the real part of planisphere value and the Q bit is mapped to imaginary part.

3. use a suitable amplitude conversion factor to convert from the Q component of the compound planisphere value in the step 2.Based on subcarrier position and for auxiliary sideband based on the ASF value, come the selecting range conversion factor.

4. being mapped to from the planisphere of the conversion value in the step 3 XSuitable unit.

The reference subcarrier matrix Once being read delegation and every Ts time handles Delegation. Each row be that length is 61 bit vectors, index from 0 to 60.The selected bit of this vector is mapped to reference subcarrier according to method of service.

Because output vector XComprise stowed value, so adopt following steps to come handle

Delegation be mapped to XA unit:

From Row vector in read bit value.

2. this bit is mapped as a compound binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation constellation value.

3. use suitable amplitude conversion factor and for the state of intermediate subcarrier, the I and the Q component of the compound planisphere value that converts according to ASF.

4. for the current service mode, the planisphere value is mapped to converting XSuitable unit.

Ofdm signal produces and receive compound frequency-domain OFDM code element from the OFDM sub-carrier mapped, and the time domain pulse of the numerical portion of output expression FM signal.The conceptual schema that ofdm signal produces as shown in figure 26.

The input that ofdm signal produces is that length is the compound vector of L Xn, the compound planisphere value of each OFDM subcarrier among the expression OFDM code element n.Convenient for symbolic representation, subscript n is not used in the output of above-mentioned OFDM sub-carrier mapped.Say that more precisely it is meant the vector of the single OFDM code element of expression XIn following explanation, because the validity that n produces ofdm signal, subscript is affixed to XOn.

The output that ofdm signal produces is a composite baseband time domain pulse y _n(t), the numerical portion of the FM HD radio signal of expression OFDM code element n.Allow Xn[k] become n code element from the planisphere of the conversion point in the OFDM sub-carrier mapped, wherein, K=0,1 ..., L-1 index OFDM subcarrier.Allow y _n(t) the time domain output of the ofdm signal generation of n code element of expression.Y then _n(t) use Xn[k] writes as follows:

$y_n\left(t\right)=h(t-n{T}_s)\&CenterDot;\underset{k=0}{\overset{L-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\underset{\&OverBar;}{X}}_n\left[k\right]\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="e\; j"\; filenames="A0382296200473.png,A0382296200492.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">e</figure-callout>}}^j$

N=0 wherein, 1 ... ∞, 0≤t≤∞, L=1093 are the sums of OFDM subcarrier, and Ts and Δ f are respectively OFDM element duration and OFDM subcarrier spacing.

[0195] pulse shape function h (ξ) is defined as:

Wherein, α is the prefix width of circulation, and $T=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\&Delta;f}}$ It is the inverse of OFDM subcarrier spacing.

Transmission subsystem is used for base band FM waveform formatization to transmit by the VHP channel.Function comprises symbol level connection and frequency up-converted.In addition, when emission mixes or during extended hybrid waveform, this function modulating baseband analog signal before base-band analog signal and digital waveform merging.

The input of this module is a composite baseband time domain OFDM code element y from the ofdm signal generating function _n(t).When emission mixing or extended hybrid waveform, a base-band analog signal m (t) also is transfused to from analog source together with optional subsidiary communications mandate (SCA) signal.The output of this module is VHP FM waveform.

With reference to the functional block diagram of the digital transmission subsystem of Figure 27 and the functional block diagram of Figure 28 mixing and extended hybrid transmission subsystem.

When broadcasting mixes or during extended hybrid waveform, the FM RF signal of analog-modulated and the RF signal of digital modulation merge and produce VHP FM waveform s (t).When broadcast service mode MP1-MP4, higher level is set up accurate timing relationship between analog and digital signal.In this case, the method for service of any other mixing or extended hybrid waveform is changed any interruption or the discontinuity that will can not cause in the analog signal.In method of service MP5-MP7, need not accurate timing relationship.The analog-and digital-part of waveform all concentrates on the same carrier frequency.

The invention provides a kind of being used in the interweave method of digital signal bit of expression data and/or audio frequency of digital audio broadcast system, described method comprises the steps: a plurality of digital signal bits are written as a matrix; And from matrix, read these bits, wherein write with read step at least one follow a non-sequential addressing scheme." non-sequential addressing scheme " means that wherein the address is not according to adjacent order by one or more models and/or formula allocation matrix address.Such one group of formula as mentioned above.

Bit number in the matrix can equal the bit number in the transmission frame of digital signal.Bit in the matrix is arranged in a plurality of subregions, and each subregion can comprise a plurality of.

Each subregion can comprise one group of bit of presentation logic channel, and the bit of logic channel can be by scrambler.

The present invention also comprises a kind of method that is used in the digital information of digital audio broadcast system broadcasting expression data and/or audio frequency, and described method comprises the steps: to receive a plurality of bits of the digital signal that will be launched; Described bit is written as a matrix; From matrix, read bit, wherein write with read step at least one follow a non-sequential addressing scheme; Described bit is mapped to a plurality of carrier signals; With the described carrier signal of emission.

Before the step that the bit of digital signal is programmed in the matrix, described bit can be by chnnel coding.Before the step that the bit of digital signal is programmed in the matrix, described bit can also be by scrambler.

In another aspect, the invention provides a kind of being used at the interweave equipment of digital signal bit of expression data and/or audio frequency of digital audio broadcast system.Described equipment comprises: install, be used to receive a plurality of bits of the digital signal that will be launched; Be used for described bit is written as the device of a matrix; With the device that is used for reading from matrix described bit, at least one that wherein is used for device of writing and the device that is used to read followed a non-sequential addressing scheme, and all these devices can be arranged in the multiplexed subsystem 26 of Fig. 1.

The present invention also comprises a kind of equipment that is used for representing in digital audio broadcast system broadcasting the digital information of data and/or audio frequency as shown in Figure 1.Described equipment comprises: the device that is used to receive a plurality of bits of the digital signal that will be launched; Be used for the bit of digital signal is written as the device of a matrix; Be used for reading from matrix the device of described bit, at least one that wherein is used for device of writing and the device that is used to read followed a non-sequential addressing scheme; Be used for described bit is mapped to the device of a plurality of carrier signals; With the device that is used to launch described carrier signal.

In another aspect, the invention provides a kind of method that is used for the digital signal bit of the expression data that receive in the digital audio broadcast system deinterleaving and/or audio frequency, described method comprises the steps: a plurality of digital signal bits that receive are written as a matrix; And from matrix, read described bit, wherein write with read step at least one follow a non-sequential addressing scheme.

The present invention also comprises a kind of method that is used for receiving at digital audio broadcast system the digital information of expression data and/or audio frequency, and described method comprises the steps: a plurality of bits of receiving digital signals; Described bit is written as a matrix; From matrix, read described bit, wherein write with read step at least one follow a non-sequential addressing scheme; The bit that reads with use produces an output signal.Deinterleaving and method of reseptance can be carried out in receiver as shown in Figure 1.

The present invention also comprises a kind of equipment that is used for representing in the digital audio broadcast system deinterleaving digital signal bit of data and/or audio frequency, and described equipment comprises: the device that is used for a plurality of bits of receiving digital signals; Be used for described bit is written as the device of a matrix; With the device that is used for reading from matrix described bit, at least one that wherein is used for device of writing and the device that is used to read followed a non-sequential addressing scheme.

In another aspect, the invention provides a kind of equipment that is used for receiving at digital audio broadcast system the digital information of expression data and/or audio frequency, described equipment comprises: the device that is used for a plurality of bits of receiving digital signals; Be used for the bit of digital signal is written as the device of a matrix; Be used for reading from matrix the device of described bit, at least one that wherein is used for device of writing and the device that is used to read followed a non-sequential addressing scheme; Be used to use the bit that reads to produce the device of an output signal.Deinterleaving and receiving equipment be receiver as shown in Figure 1.

Though described the present invention, those skilled in the art should understand that: under not departing from the scope of illustrating in the claim of the present invention, also can carry out various modifications to the disclosed embodiments with the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (36)

1. one kind is used in the interweave method of digital signal bit of expression data and/or audio frequency of digital audio broadcast system, and described method comprises the steps:

The a plurality of bits of digital signal are programmed into a matrix; With

From matrix, read described bit, wherein write with read step at least one follow a non-sequential addressing scheme.

2. the process of claim 1 wherein: the bit number in the matrix equals the bit number in the transmission frame of digital signal.

3. the process of claim 1 wherein: the bit in the matrix is arranged in a plurality of subregions

4. the method for claim 3, wherein: each subregion comprises a plurality of.

5. the method for claim 3, wherein: each subregion comprises one group of bit of presentation logic channel.

6. the method for claim 5, wherein: the bit in each logic channel is by scrambler.

7. method that is used in the digital information of digital audio broadcast system broadcasting expression data and/or audio frequency, described method comprises the steps:

A plurality of bits of the digital signal that reception will be launched;

Described bit is programmed into a matrix;

From matrix, read described bit, wherein write with read step at least one follow a non-sequential addressing scheme;

Described bit is mapped to a plurality of carrier signals; With

Launch described carrier signal.

8. the method for claim 7, wherein: the bit number in the matrix equals the bit number in the transmission frame of digital signal.

9. the method for claim 7, wherein: the bit in the matrix is arranged in a plurality of subregions.

10. the method for claim 9, wherein: each subregion comprises a plurality of.

11. the method for claim 9, wherein: each subregion comprises one group of bit of presentation logic channel.

12. the method for claim 11, wherein: the bit in each logic channel is by scrambler.

13. the method for claim 7 also comprises the steps:

Before the step that the bit of digital signal is programmed in the matrix, described bit is carried out chnnel coding.

14. the method for claim 7 also comprises the steps:

Before the step that the bit of digital signal is programmed in the matrix, described bit is carried out scrambler.

15. one kind is used at the interweave equipment of digital signal bit of expression data and/or audio frequency of digital audio broadcast system, described equipment comprises:

Be used to receive the device of a plurality of bits of the digital signal that will be launched;

Be used for described bit is programmed into the device of a matrix; With

Be used for the device of stating bit that reads from matrix, at least one that wherein is used for device of writing and the device that is used to read followed a non-sequential addressing scheme.

16. the equipment of claim 15, wherein: the bit number in the matrix equals the bit number in the transmission frame of digital signal.

17. the equipment of claim 15, wherein: the bit in the matrix is arranged in a plurality of subregions.

18. the equipment of claim 17, wherein: each subregion comprises a plurality of.

19. the equipment of claim 17, wherein: each subregion comprises one group of bit of presentation logic channel.

20. the equipment of claim 19, wherein: the bit in each logic channel is by scrambler.

21. an equipment that is used in the digital information of digital audio broadcast system broadcasting expression data and/or audio frequency, described equipment comprises:

Be used to receive the device of a plurality of bits of the digital signal that will be launched;

Be used for the bit of digital signal is programmed into the device of a matrix;

Be used for reading from matrix the device of described bit, at least one that wherein is used for device of writing and the device that is used to read followed a non-sequential addressing scheme;

Be used for described bit is mapped to the device of a plurality of carrier signals; With

Be used to launch the device of described carrier signal.

22. the equipment of claim 21, wherein: the bit number in the matrix can transmit the bit number in one of frame.

23. the equipment of claim 21, wherein: the bit in the matrix is arranged in a plurality of subregions.

24. the equipment of claim 21, wherein: each subregion comprises a plurality of.

25. the equipment of claim 21, wherein: each subregion comprises one group of bit of presentation logic channel.

26. the equipment of claim 25, wherein: the bit in each logic channel is by scrambler.

27. the equipment of claim 21 also comprises:

Before the step that the bit of digital signal is programmed in the matrix, be used for described bit is carried out the device of chnnel coding.

28. the equipment of claim 21 also comprises:

Before the step that the bit of digital signal is programmed in the matrix, be used for described bit is carried out the device of scrambler.

29. a method that is used for the digital signal bit of the expression data that receive in the digital audio broadcast system deinterleaving and/or audio frequency, described method comprises the steps:

A plurality of digital signal bits that receive are programmed into a matrix; With

From matrix, read described bit, wherein write with read step at least one follow a non-sequential addressing scheme.

30. the method for claim 29, wherein: the bit number in the matrix equals the bit number in the transmission frame of digital signal.

31. a method that is used for receiving at digital audio broadcast system the digital information of expression data and/or audio frequency, described method comprises the steps:

A plurality of bits of receiving digital signals;

Described bit is programmed into a matrix;

Read described bit from matrix, at least one that wherein is used for device of writing and the device that is used to read followed a non-sequential addressing scheme; With

The bit that use is read produces an output signal.

32. the method for claim 31, wherein: the bit number in the matrix equals the bit number in the transmission frame of digital signal.

33. an equipment that is used for representing in the digital audio broadcast system deinterleaving digital signal bit of data and/or audio frequency, described equipment comprises:

The device that is used for a plurality of bits of receiving digital signals;

Be used for described bit is programmed into the device of a matrix; With

Be used for reading from matrix the device of described bit, at least one that wherein is used for device of writing and the device that is used to read followed a non-sequential addressing scheme.

34. the equipment of claim 33, wherein: the bit number in the matrix equals the bit number in the transmission frame of digital signal.

35. an equipment that is used for receiving at digital audio broadcast system the digital information of expression data and/or audio frequency, described equipment comprises:

The device that is used for a plurality of bits of receiving digital signals;

Be used for the bit of digital signal is programmed into the device of a matrix;

Be used for reading from matrix the device of described bit, at least one that wherein is used for device of writing and the device that is used to read followed a non-sequential addressing scheme; With

Be used to use the bit that reads to produce the device of an output signal.

36. the equipment of claim 35, wherein: the bit number in the matrix equals to transmit the bit number in one of frame.

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