CN1685431A - 具有多个内置芯片的记录载体 - Google Patents

具有多个内置芯片的记录载体 Download PDF

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CN1685431A
CN1685431A CNA038232839A CN03823283A CN1685431A CN 1685431 A CN1685431 A CN 1685431A CN A038232839 A CNA038232839 A CN A038232839A CN 03823283 A CN03823283 A CN 03823283A CN 1685431 A CN1685431 A CN 1685431A
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record carrier
information
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A·A·布吕克尔斯
A·H·阿克尔曼斯
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
  • Optical Record Carriers And Manufacture Thereof (AREA)
  • Optical Recording Or Reproduction (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于改进的访问控制、特别是拷贝保护以及改进的个性化处理信息的系统,所述系统包括:像CD-RW+或DVD之类的记录载体(1),用于存储拷贝保护信息;和用于读取和/或写入所述记录载体的设备。为此,记录载体(1)具有用于存储第一类信息的第一区(3)并且还具有多个第二区(4.1,...,4.8),所述每个第二区均被设计成包括用于存储第二类信息的存储介质,这些存储介质优选实现为芯片。为了拷贝保护,可以加密第一类信息并且第二类信息可以包含解密信息。第二类信息的多个存储介质的应用在分发所述存储器并且优选计算记录载体(1)上的资源上提供更灵活的设计。此外,把存储介质从记录载体(1)上拆下产生容易的方式来处理多样化的访问权限和个性化信息。

Description

具有多个内置芯片的记录载体
本发明涉及一种存储访问控制尤其是拷贝保护的信息和/或用于个性化处理信息的记录载体。这种记录载体的例子主要是音频CD、CD-ROM、CD-R、CD-RW、DVD等,但本发明同样也适用于其它记录载体,例如像磁带、软盘和硬盘。
诸如CD或DVD之类的记录载体现今是例如用于为娱乐目的而分发音频和视频内容并且提供软件和电子游戏的主要产品。此外,这些诸如CD-R和CD-RW+之类的一定种类的介质通过使用CD烧录器可以记录一次或多次。因此它们还可用于短期的备份以及长期的存档目的。此外,这些设备渐增的存储能力把它们的适用性扩展到相当远。
另一方面,这些易于处理并且耐用的可记录介质的存在结合所述介质内容的数字表示打开采用有版权CD一对一拷贝的容易方式,所述有版权的CD现今带来内容行业的主要商业问题。除这种拷贝保护问题之外,这些记录载体大的存储容量要求支持访问并且优选个性化呈现存储在所述记录载体上的信息的方法。
因此,在现有技术中提出了用于这些目的的若干方法。这些方法从加密记录载体的内容和防止易于拷贝解密信息到所述记录载体上以及所述记录载体相应的读取和/或写入设备上的访问控制和个性化结构。例如,在这些方法中,已经提出了使用密码保护,以便把记录载体构造成不同部分,每个部分拥有其自己的访问权限,以及结合仿造介质标识符的撤销列表来使用记录载体的唯一标识符。因为,访问控制和/或个性化本身可以由在所述记录载体上的结构,由所述记录载体的读取和/或写入设备,或二者之间的合作来执行。
US6,044,046A提出使用物理上集成到记录载体内的芯片,作为承载所述记录载体的访问控制和/或个性化结构的器件。这允许与例如传统CD的向下兼容性并且再现具有内置芯片的记录载体就像处理记录载体本身一样容易。此外,US6,044,046A公开了所述芯片和用于读取和/或写入具有内置芯片的记录载体的相应设备的通信接口。特别地是,描述了用于允许所述读取和/或写入设备同时访问所述记录载体和内置芯片的技术方案。为了这些及相关问题的完整描述,在此将US6,044,046A的内容一起引入本申请以供参考。
US6,044,046A还提及在所述芯片和读取和/或写入设备之间建立足够高的数据传送速率的必要性,以便使记录载体在所述读取和/或写入设备中能够平稳运行。如果例如光通路用于在所述芯片和读取和/或写入设备之间通信,那么只有当在所述记录载体上各自耦合元件可被阅读器/记录器的相应元件看见时,在该光路上的数据位才能流动。因此,为了实现足够高的数据率,US6,044,046A提出了在所述记录载体上使用大耦合元件,例如可被阅读器/记录器的元件持续看见的环形,和/或使用可由阅读器/记录器的元件看见的、分布于所述记录载体区上的多个耦合元件。代替使耦合元件很大或使用许多这样的耦合元件,US6,044,046A还预见了把单个小耦合元件与充当发送器和/或接收器的适当大的或许多辅助元件相耦合可能性。
虽然US6,044,046A的内置芯片概念对记录载体的访问控制和信息个性化提供了相当灵活的解决办法,但是如果必须存储并处理量很大的访问控制或个性化信息,那么这种芯片及其耦合的结构和/或辅助元件以及它们的连接可能会变得有些复杂。
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种记录载体和用于读取和/或写入该记录载体的相应设备,所述记录载体和设备提供了简单又灵活的方式来处理量相当大的访问控制或个性化信息。本发明进一步的目的是:在以简单的方式来增加、删除和/或改变访问控制或个性化信息部分,而不必处理未改变的那部分信息。
这些目的由下述记录载体以及设备来完成,所述记录载体具有用于存储第一类信息的第一区,还具有多个第二区,所述每个第二区均被设计成包括用于存储第二类信息的存储介质,所述设备读取和/或写入这种记录载体,其中所述设备被设计成访问所述第二区。
依照本发明,所述记录载体和用于读取和/或写入该记录载体的设备一起形成一种支持访问控制信息和/或个性化处理信息的系统。此外,本发明提供了一种从发明的记录载体读取访问控制和/或个性化信息和/或向所述发明的记录载体写入这种信息的方法,所述方法包括读取和/或写入所述第二类信息的步骤,以及根据所述第二类信息,读取和/或写入第一类信息的全部或一部分。
使用每一个都具有其自己的存储介质的多个第二区,所述存储介质优选为芯片,从而避免了如下的问题:如果单个芯片必须存储并且这样的话要处理量很大的访问控制或个性化信息,那么所述单个芯片可能会太过复杂。在考虑在阅读器/记录器和所述芯片之间通信时,这变得明显得多。例如,如果几个独立的过程和相应的数据通路要在阅读器/记录器和所述芯片之间加以处理,在单个芯片情况下,任务和数据传送通路必须共享单个资源,并且从而必须紧密协调,而在多个芯片情况下可以把所述任务和数据通路简单地分配给不同的芯片。当然,不必把任务及其数据限制在单个芯片,而是可以分布于几个芯片。例如,解密密钥可以分布于几个芯片上,并且这些芯片可以在计算所述解密算法中合作。但是在这种情况下,显然这些芯片必须例如通过阅读器/记录器或经由在这些芯片之间的直接通信通路来协调。
选择适当数目的芯片提供了灵活的方式来适应于必须要处理的访问控制或个性化信息的数量和复杂性。此外,可以把增加、删除和/或改变访问控制或个性化信息的一部分限制在处理这些信息的芯片,并且从而可以在不必处理访问控制或个性化信息的未改变部分的情况下来完成这些。
例如通过把这些芯片吸入在第二区中打磨的相应凹坑中,并且使用一些弹簧机构来固定它们,允许所述存储介质附于或从第二区分离,其中所述存储介质即优选为所述芯片,这提供了简单的方式来增加、删除或替换这种芯片,从而依照纯粹的“机械”方式来改变所述访问控制或个性化信息。这些芯片可以例如独立于记录载体购买,并且可以例如使用只在专门商店可用的设备来对其编程或重新编程,这往往产生防止仿造这种芯片的附加安全等级。因此,本发明还涉及这种存储介质,并且尤其涉及这种设计成附于具有发明的记录载体的这种芯片。
依照同样的方式,本发明还包括记录载体,所述记录载体的多个第二区没有任何存储介质或芯片,但是却被设计成或准备让这种存储介质附于其上。这种设计例如可以存在于在第二区中打磨的凹坑,或许借助于一些弹簧机构来进行,但是同样刚好存在于所述记录载体上的第二区的标记,存储介质生产在塑料薄膜上,其只是粘在第二区的标记上更像是粘贴物。这种把存储介质附于发明的记录载体的第二区可以通过在例如塑料薄膜之类的单个载体上布置几个存储介质来对用户进一步简化,所述单个载体附于所述记录载体的第二区,作为单个块。因此,本发明还涉及适合于存储介质的这种载体设备。
记录载体的第一区一般用作存储有效载荷信息,例如用户想要购买的歌曲和/或视频和/或电子游戏,或用户的个人信息例如地址簿或邮寄信件。第二区还可以包括纯的存储介质,但在优选实施例中包括与在US6,044,046A的内置芯片原理一样的多个芯片。在第一和第二区上的存储可以具有相同的物理性质,例如都是要经由激光读取的凹坑和凸区模式,但优选地是它们利用不同的物理实现,例如对于第一区是凹坑和凸区以及对于第二区是与感应线圈耦合的某种简单电路。这带来了可以并行访问不同的物理信道的优点,例如光和无线电频率信道。依照同样方式,在一些实施例中,物理上清楚地分开第一和第二区将是有益的,例如把第一区实现为CD的常规螺旋模式并且把第二区定位在所述CD的中心孔和内侧数据轨道之间。这避免了在记录载体区和读取和/或写入设备之间通信信道的相互干扰。
体现发明的记录载体及其读取和/或写入设备依照可以并行读取和/或写入所述记录载体的第一和第二区的方式提供了以下优点:读取和/或写入设备可以处理在彼此独立的两个区上的数据,即可以在不彼此干扰的情况下处理两个数据流。这提供了例如以规则的或不规则的时间间隔连续地检查所述记录载体的真实性和/或完整性,从而进一步增强了对所述记录载体的访问控制。例如,如果加密了在第一区上的信息并且当把所述记录载体插入设备时读取和/或写入设备例如经由射频信道只从第二区读取解密信息一次,那么黑客通过使用专门黑客设备来提供所述解密信息可以泄露所述设备。如果读取和/或写入设备以例如不规则的时间间隔请求所述解密信息若干次,那么这类攻击会变得麻烦得多。
第二区的存储介质用于存储第二类信息,即访问控制和/或个性化信息。这可以例如由解密信息组成,所述解密信息用于加密和/或解密要以加密形式存储在第一区上和/或从所述第一区读取的信息。或者,它可以由设备访问信息组成,所述设备访问信息用于检查读取和/或写入设备访问所述记录载体的权限。作为进一步可能,这些介质可以存储例如用于个性化访问控制或用于个性化信息显示的用户专用设置,或者所述介质可以存储如地址簿、信件之类的个人数据,或使用所述记录载体的帐号信息,或存储在其上的数据和/或程序,例如通过玩存储的计算机游戏获得的得分。
把所述芯片实现为处理器芯片提供了最为灵活的方式来建立高级的访问控制或个性化过程。但是纯的存储芯片乃至纯的耦合元件的更简单更便宜的可能性也还提供了感兴趣功能。本领域技术人员将容易地注意到即使是纯的耦合元件也能传递它在那,或一在它不存在的情况下一它不在那,从而携带信息。此外,在记录载体上采用更精良的方式分布耦合元件可以用于依照该分布模式编码进一步的信息。请注意,这里术语耦合元件用来表示由阅读器/记录器注意到其存在的任何元件(在所述记录载体上的)。从而,它包括耦合元件以及US6,044,046A的辅助元件。
当然,对本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,人们可以组合上述措施来获得对发明的记录载体的访问控制或个性化的更改进的处理。例如,人们可以把使用非常简单的可拆卸芯片乃至纯的耦合元件与携带第二区分布模式的信息有益地组合起来。然后,芯片在记录载体上的安装可以例如充当区域代码,所述区域代码对记录载体对其有效地理区域进行编码。
通过实施例特别通过附图的描述将要进一步举例说明本发明的这些及进一步的方面和优点。
图1采用图解方式示出了发明的记录载体和发明的阅读器/记录器的读/写头。
图2采用图解方式示出了在发明的记录载体上第二区和发明的阅读器/记录器的读/写头的分布。
图1采用图解方式示出了采用盘片形式发明的记录载体1和发明的阅读器/记录器的读/写头10。所述记录载体1具有中央孔2和轨道3。轨道3依照螺旋或同心模式安排并且包括用于存储第一类信息的第一区,所述第一类信息例如为有效负荷数据,像歌曲和/或视频和/或计算机游戏或用户的个人信息。在所述记录载体1上还存在用于存储第二类信息的两个第二区4.1和4.2,所述第二类信息例如访问控制和/或个性化信息。第二区4.1和4.2均包括芯片,作为它们的存储介质,所述芯片均分别携带集成的耦合元件5.1和5.2,例如电感线圈或LED和光电二极管,用于与读取和/或写入所述记录载体1的设备的相应的读/写头10通信。对于关于所述记录载体1及其与用于读取和/或写入所述记录载体1的设备的通信装置的通用结构的更多细节,再次参考US6,044,046A。
图2采用图解方式示出了六个第二区4.3到4.8、在发明的记录载体上的分布和发明的阅读器/记录器的读/写头10,所述第二区均配备了在图中未示出的耦合元件。第二区4.3到4.8布置在以所述记录载体的中央孔2为中心的两个同心圆20和21上,即所述第二区4.3、4.4和4.5落在内圈20上而第二区4.6、4.7和4.8落在外圈21上。除了它们在所述圈20或21上的位置之外,由第二区4.3到4.8与所述中央孔2的连接线形成的六个角度31到36给出了第二区4.3到4.8在所述记录载体上的角坐标。
在记录载体旋转期间,阅读器/记录器的读/写头10将感测第二区4.3到4.8的相对位置,即它们在圈20或21上的位置和它们的角坐标31到36。为了感测在所述圈上的位置,所述读/写头10例如可以构造为与方向相关。为了感测在两个连续的第二区之间的角度,例如在第二区4.3和4.4之间的角度31,如果盘片按顺时针方向旋转,那么所述阅读器/记录器可以测量在“可见”区4.3和“可见”区4.4之间的时间,即通过测量当时间间隔分别与区4.3和4.4相联系时所述时间间隔中点之间的时间跨度来进行。由于记录载体的转速典型地将随时间而改变,自然,这些绝对的时间跨度必须与一个旋转的持续时间有关。检测旋转结束可以例如通过给予一个第二区一个代码以便允许它被识别或通过检测第二区分布的周期性的再次出现(假如分布模式避免在一个旋转内的任何周期性)来执行。
由于读/写头10能感测第二区的分布模式,所以可以选择该模式来编码第三类信息,例如区域代码表明在哪些地理区域所述记录载体有效,和/或用于编码所述记录载体遵守哪些标准,和/或用于编码所述记录载体是否被插倒了。可以例如通过使用位于圈上彼此成一不同于180°角度的角度两个第二区,并且提供其具有标识码的存储介质之一,或通过使用在圈上彼此成不同角度的三个第二区,来执行检测已经把记录载体所插入的方位的最后任务。
代替使用第二区的不同半径位置,即它们在圈20或21上的位置来编码第三类信息,还可以使用这种位置来支持各种类型的阅读器/记录器,所述阅读器/记录器使它们的读/写头处在不同的半径位置。
为了在记录载体和阅读器/记录器之间的通信中寻址多个第二区,可以使用所述第二区的显式地址,在每次通信开始时由所述第二区把所述显式地址传送到阅读器/记录器。但是如上所述,在所述记录载体的一个旋转(或如果使用周期性识别会是几个旋转)之后,所述阅读器/记录器认出连续的第二区。从而,代替要求发送显式地址,阅读器/记录器可以通过第二区的连续来简单地识别所述第二区。

Claims (14)

1.一种记录载体(1),具有用于存储第一类信息的第一区(3),还具有多个第二区(4.1,...,4.8),每个第二区均被设计成包括用于存储第二类信息的存储介质。
2.如权利要求1所述的记录载体(1),其特征在于第一(3)和第二区(4.1,...,4.8)的存储介质属于不同的物理类型。
3.如权利要求1所述的记录载体(1),其特征在于所述第二区(4.1,...,4.8)至少之一的存储介质是芯片。
4.如权利要求1所述的记录载体(1),其特征在于所述第二区(4.1,...,4.8)至少之一被设计成从其拆下和/或向其附上存储介质。
5.如权利要求1所述的记录载体(1),其特征在于所述第二区(4.1,...,4.8)至少之一的存储介质被设计成存储与访问所述记录载体(1)的读取和/或写入设备有关的信息,尤其是该访问信息包括:
加密和/或解密信息,用于加密和/或解密将要以加密形式存储在第一区(3)上和/或从第一区(3)读取的信息,和/或
设备访问信息,用于检查读取和/或写入设备访问所述记录载体(1)的权限,和/或
用户专用设置,用于控制读取和/或写入设备对记录载体(1)的访问和/或用于控制通过所述读取和/或写入设备把从所述记录载体(1)读取的信息展示给读取和/或写入设备的用户的方式。
6.如权利要求1所述的记录载体(1),其特征在于第二区(4.1,...,4.8)均被设计成包括芯片,多个芯片被设计成执行用于控制读取和/或写入设备对所述记录载体(1)访问的分布式过程。
7.如权利要求1所述的记录载体(1),其特征在于第二区(4.1,...,4.8)均被设计成包括耦合元件,用于在每个第二区(4.1,...,4.8)的存储介质和用于读取和/或写入所述记录载体(1)的设备之间交换数据,并且其中所述耦合元件在所述记录载体(1)上的分布编码第三类信息。
8.一种存储介质,被设计成用于存储第二类信息并且被附于如权利要求1所述的记录载体(1)的第二区(4.1,...,4.8)上。
9.一种载体设备,尤其是塑料薄膜,具有如权利要求8所述的存储介质。
10.一种用于读取和/或写入如权利要求10所述的记录载体(1)的设备,其特征在于,所述设备被设计成用于访问第二区(4.1,...,4.8)。
11.如权利要求10所述的读取和/或写入设备,其特征在于所述设备被设计成用于并行地访问所述记录载体(1)的第一区(3)以及第二区(4.1,...,4.8)至少之一。
12.如权利要求10所述的读取和/或写入设备,其特征在于所述设备被设计成用于解码依照在如权利要求7所述的记录载体(1)上耦合元件的分布所编码的所述第三类信息。
13.一种用于支持对信息的访问控制和/或信息的个性化处理的系统,所述系统包括如权利要求10所述的设备和携带所述信息的、如权利要求所述的记录载体(1)。
14.一种用于读取和/或写入如权利要求1所述记录载体(1)的方法,具有如下步骤:
读取和/或写入第二类信息,和
根据所述第二类信息,读取和/或写入第一类信息的全部或一部分。
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