CN1683245A - High silicon Y-type zeolite containing rare-earth and its preparing method - Google Patents
High silicon Y-type zeolite containing rare-earth and its preparing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1683245A CN1683245A CN 200410031181 CN200410031181A CN1683245A CN 1683245 A CN1683245 A CN 1683245A CN 200410031181 CN200410031181 CN 200410031181 CN 200410031181 A CN200410031181 A CN 200410031181A CN 1683245 A CN1683245 A CN 1683245A
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- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 121
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 112
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 54
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 55
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 115
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 70
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 Refrasil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001122 Mischmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 87
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910003902 SiCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000544 Gore-Tex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052773 Promethium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001996 bearing alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009881 electrostatic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009856 non-ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N promethium atom Chemical compound [Pm] VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004846 x-ray emission Methods 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The RE containing high silicon type-Y zeolite features the Si/Al ration of 5-30, initial unit cell constant of 2.430-2.465 nm, and the ratio between the balance unit cell constant and initial unit cell constant not smaller than 0.985. The zeolite has the features of relatively small initial unit cell constant, relatively great balance unit cell constant, and high structural stability and hydrothermal stability, and the cracking catalyst with the zeolite has less deactivation, and high selectivity on gasoline, diesel oil, dry gas and coke.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to the Y type and stroke stone and preparation method thereof, further say, is to stroke stone and preparation method thereof about a kind of rare-earth type high-silicon gamma that contains.
Background technology
Since US3293192 proposition hydrothermal dealumination legal system was equipped with type-Y high silicon zeolite, the Hydrothermal Preparation type-Y high silicon zeolite was widely used always.US3,442,715 disclose dealuminium Y type beta stone (DAY), US3, and 449,070 disclose ultrastable Y (USY), US4, and 51,694 and US4,401,556 disclose super steady hydrophobicity y-type zeolite or the like.
Introducing rare earth in type-Y high silicon zeolite, prepare the type-Y high silicon zeolite that contains rare earth, is to improve the activity of type-Y high silicon zeolite and a kind of approach of hydrothermal stability.
The NaY zeolite is carried out repeatedly rare earth ion exchanged and multiple high temp roasting, can prepare the type-Y high silicon zeolite that contains rare earth, this also is to prepare the most conventional method of type-Y high silicon zeolite.Yet, adopt this method to prepare in the process of Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon, produce many dealuminzations hole in the zeolite, and the silicon that these holes can not in time be moved out on the skeleton is filled, often cause the lattice of zeolite to subside, the Si that is produced, Al fragment easily stop up the duct of zeolite thus, are difficult for being eliminated, and the crystallization reservation degree of zeolite is lower.The another one shortcoming of the type-Y high silicon zeolite that contains rare earth of such method preparation is that hydrothermal stability is poor, show that initial structure cell is difficult for shrinking (initial lattice constant is not less than 2.468 nanometers), and balance lattice constant lower (the balance lattice constant is lower than 0.984 with the ratio of initial lattice constant).Here, initial lattice constant refers to the fresh lattice constant that contains the type-Y high silicon zeolite of rare earth, and the balance lattice constant refers to through 800 ℃, the aging lattice constant that contains the type-Y high silicon zeolite of rare earth after 17 hours of 100% water vapour.Though initial cracking activity of such Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon and hydrogen transference initial activity are higher,, in the cracking reaction process, cracking activity descends rapidly, the poor selectivity of gasoline, diesel oil, dry gas and coke.
Another method of preparation rare earth containing high silica zeolite is the method for gas phase aluminium-eliminating and silicon-replenishing.For example, CN1382525A discloses a kind of preparation method of rare-earth type high-silicon gamma-zeolite, this method comprises that the y-type zeolite that will contain rare earth carries out drying treatment, after making its water-content be lower than 10 weight %, according to silicon tetrachloride: zeolite=0.1-0.9: 1 weight ratio feeds the silicon tetrachloride gas that dry air carries, under temperature 150-600 ℃, reacted 10 minutes to 6 hours, and after the reaction, purged 5 minutes to 2 hours with dry air.
Though adopting the method for existing gas phase aluminium-eliminating and silicon-replenishing to prepare Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon has overcome hydro-thermal and takes out the aluminium method and make and produce dealuminzation hole, the lower shortcoming of crystallization reservation degree of zeolite in the molecular sieve.But in the prior art, the method for gas phase aluminium-eliminating and silicon-replenishing is to carry out in respectively there is the reaction tubes (or being called reactor) of an inlet mouth and an air outlet at two ends.When carrying out the aluminium-eliminating and silicon-replenishing reaction, the zeolitic solid particle fixed body bed of packing in the mid-way of reactor, two is filled out thing with porcelain ring or quartz material etc. and is filled, enrich to guarantee that zeolitic solid is particles filled, the interlude that is present in reactor regularly, and guarantee that silicon tetrachloride gas flows through the zeolitic solid particle reposefully.The gas that carries silicon tetrachloride reacts with the zeolitic solid particle by the zeolitic solid particle layers time.The waste gas that unreacted silicon tetrachloride gas and reaction generate is discharged through the air outlet.
Because containing the rare earth Y type zeolite solid particulate is that diameter is the ultrafine powder below 5 microns, because electrostatic interaction and the character of itself decision are easy to be agglomerated into fine and close block.The aluminum compound that the aluminium-eliminating and silicon-replenishing reaction generates has the effect of binding agent, also makes the zeolitic solid particles coalesce become fine and close block easily.The formation of a large amount of compact mass things, it is thixotropic extremely inhomogeneous that silicon tetrachloride gas and zeolitic solid are connect, block surface and silicon tetrachloride gas full contact, the zeolite of block inside then contacts less with silicon tetrachloride, even can not contact with silicon tetrachloride gas, make the hydrothermal stability of the Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon product that obtains also bad equally, also exist initial structure cell to be difficult for shrinking, and the lower shortcoming of balance lattice constant.The formation of a large amount of compact mass things also makes the block of formation be bonded on the wall of reactor, causes product loss and needs the cleaning wall.
Moreover, adopt the method for existing gas phase aluminium-eliminating and silicon-replenishing to prepare type-Y high silicon zeolite, the stone solid particulate that strokes in the zeolitic solid particle layers is an immobilized, can not move, zeolitic solid particle mass transfer and heat transfer character are relatively poor, and the process of gas phase aluminium-eliminating and silicon-replenishing is thermopositive reaction, heat is difficult for diffusion rapidly, easily produce local superheating, cause the bigger temperature of reaction gradient of generation in fixed bed, make the reaction of zeolitic solid particle and silicon tetrachloride gas inhomogeneous, this also makes the hydrothermal stability of the Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon product that obtains also bad.
In addition, adopt the method for existing gas phase aluminium-eliminating and silicon-replenishing to prepare type-Y high silicon zeolite, because the zeolitic solid particle is an immobilized fixed bed, two ends must have weighting material to fill, so just caused the inconvenience of zeolitic solid particle dismounting, also will separate with weighting material the zeolitic solid particle, not only labour intensity is big, and the difficult automatization that realizes is carried and drawn off to the zeolitic solid particulate from conversion unit.Be ultrafine powder owing to zeolite again, when zeolitic solid is carried and is drawn off from conversion unit, easy contaminate environment, it is healthy easily to damage operator.
Also be because the stone solid particulate that strokes in the existing gas phase aluminium extracting and silicon supplementing method is an immobilized fixed bed, the gas that reacts with the zeolitic solid particle must be the flowing gas that carries silicon tetrachloride, therefore, the another one shortcoming of existing aluminium extracting and silicon supplementing method is that silicon tetrachloride and the gas that carries silicon tetrachloride and the treatment of waste gas amount of reacting generation are very big.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of new Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon, another object of the present invention provides this prepare zeolite method.
Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon provided by the invention contains rare earth, and wherein, the silica alumina ratio of this zeolite is 5-30, and initial lattice constant is the 2.430-2.465 nanometer, and the balance lattice constant is at least 0.985 with the ratio of initial lattice constant.Here, initial lattice constant is the lattice constant of fresh Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon, and the balance lattice constant is the lattice constant with the Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon of 100% water vapour after aging 17 hours.
The preparation method of Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon provided by the invention comprises and contacting with silicon tetrachloride containing rare earth Y type zeolite, wherein, described contact is carried out in a conversion unit, this equipment comprises a reactor 1,1 opening for feed 2 and an air outlet 3, wherein, also comprise an agitator 4 in the inside of reactor 1, a gas-solid separator 5 is installed on the air outlet 3, the bore dia of gas-solid separator 5 contained holes and porosity guarantee gas can by and the molecular sieve solid particle can not pass through, the agitator arm of agitator 4 stretches out outside the reactor 1, and it is local airtight that agitator arm contacts with reactor 1, and reactor 1 is not in communication with the outside; The y-type zeolite and the silicon tetrachloride that will contain rare earth join in the reactor (1) through opening for feed (2), under the stirring of agitator (4), the described y-type zeolite that contains rare earth contacts with silicon tetrachloride gas, the temperature of contact is 100-500 ℃, the time of contact is 5 minutes to 10 hours, and containing the y-type zeolite of rare earth and the weight ratio of silicon tetrachloride is 1: 0.05-0.5; The silica alumina ratio that the described Y type that contains rare earth strokes stone is 3-8, and lattice constant is the 2.45-2.48 nanometer.
Because it is less that Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon provided by the invention has initial lattice constant, the characteristics that the balance lattice constant is bigger, its structural stability and hydrothermal stability height, therefore, the cracking catalyst that contains this zeolite is difficult for inactivation, and the selectivity of gasoline, diesel oil, dry gas and coke is good.
Owing to comprise a stirring in the described conversion unit of preparation method of Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon provided by the invention, zeolite granular under agitation, evenly roll, not only overcome use fixed bed mass transfer, heat transfer property is poor, the reaction conditions of silicon tetrachloride gas and zeolite granular is wayward, temperature of reaction is inhomogeneous, easily cause the shortcoming of local superheating, also make silicon tetrachloride gas and zeolite granular contact reacts more even, avoided the phenomenon that is agglomerated into the compact mass thing between the zeolite granular, thereby it is less to prepare initial lattice constant, the balance lattice constant is bigger, and the uniform Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon of character.
Adopt method provided by the invention to prepare Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon, owing to have only a kind of solid particulate, it is zeolite granular, do not need weighting material, therefore, saved separating of zeolite granular and weighting material, make the complete custody transfer of zeolite granular and draw off to become from reactor automatically and be more prone to, can reduce labour intensity, reduce environmental pollution and work personnel and the chance that the zeolite dust with corrodibility and irritating smell contacts, be easy to carry out large-scale industrial application.
Adopting method provided by the invention to prepare Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon can carry out in confined conditions, on the one hand, in confined conditions, can make full use of characteristic that silicon tetrachloride gas is easy to spread and the characterization of adsorption that strokes stone granulate, make silicon tetrachloride gas and zeolite granular uniform contact, and the silicon tetrachloride gaseous diffusion is entered in the zeolite lattice, and carry out sufficient adsorption/desorption reaction, improve the quality of products.On the other hand, can quantitatively add silicon tetrachloride gas according to the consumption of zeolite granular, and, do not need to use and carry gas, thereby the loss and the discharging that have reduced silicon tetrachloride and carried gas have reduced pollution, have reduced production cost significantly.
Adopt method provided by the invention to prepare Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon, the gas-solid separator that install the air outlet of described conversion unit can separate reactor off-gas effectively with zeolite, waste gas after guaranteeing to react can be discharged, zeolite granular can not be discharged, avoided the loss of zeolite granular, reduced dust pollution, input-output ratio is improved.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1-8 is the synoptic diagram of the described conversion unit of method provided by the invention;
Accompanying drawing 9-10 is a spiral ribbon agitator synoptic diagram in the described conversion unit of method provided by the invention;
Accompanying drawing 11 is reactor rip cutting synoptic diagram of the described conversion unit of method provided by the invention.
Embodiment
According to zeolite provided by the invention, silica alumina ratio is 5-30, is preferably 6-15; Initial lattice constant is the 2.430-2.465 nanometer, is preferably the 2.440-2.460 nanometer, and the balance lattice constant is at least 0.985 with the ratio of initial lattice constant, is preferably at least 0.99.The silica alumina ratio here is meant the mol ratio of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide.The content of described rare earth is the content of rare earth of y-type zeolite routine, and in rare earth oxide, the content of rare earth is greater than zero to 18 weight %, is preferably 5-16 weight %.
Described rare earth is selected from one or more in group of the lanthanides and the actinium series rare earth metal, in preferred lanthanum, cerium, protactinium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, the lutetium one or more, more preferably lanthanum rich norium, cerium-rich mischmetal metal, lanthanum or cerium,
According to prepare zeolite method provided by the invention, the described silica alumina ratio that contains the y-type zeolite of rare earth is 3-8, is preferably 4-6; Lattice constant is the 2.45-2.48 nanometer.In rare earth oxide, the content of the described y-type zeolite middle-weight rare earths that contains rare earth is preferably 6-18 weight % for greater than zero to 20 weight %.The described y-type zeolite that contains rare earth can be commercially available, and can be that the NaY zeolite of 2.45-2.48 nanometer prepares by lattice constant with the method for rare earth ion exchanged also.As described in adopting NaY zeolite and rare earth chloride solution according to NaY: RECl
3: H
2The weight ratio of O=1: 0.1-0.25: 5-15 in PH＞3.5, under temperature 80-95 ℃ the condition, is carried out rare earth ion exchanged at least one time, exchanges 30-60 minute at every turn, and exchange after scouring and drying obtain.Is conventionally known to one of skill in the art by the NaY zeolite through the method that the preparation of the method for rare earth ion exchanged contains rare earth Y type zeolite.
The temperature of described contact is 100-500 ℃, and the time of contact is 5 minutes to 10 hours, and containing the y-type zeolite of rare earth and the weight ratio of silicon tetrachloride is 1: 0.05-0.5.Under the preferable case, the temperature of described contact is 150-450 ℃, and the time of contact is 10 minutes to 6 hours, and containing the y-type zeolite of rare earth and the weight ratio of silicon tetrachloride is 1: 0.1-0.4.
According to method provided by the invention, under the preferable case, the waste gas that reaction generates through the air outlet 3 and gas-solid separator 5 discharge.
Prepare zeolite method provided by the invention has many concrete embodiments, is wherein representative example below.
First embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.Described conversion unit comprises a reactor 1, an opening for feed 2 and an air outlet 3, also has an agitator 4 in the inside of reactor 1, wherein, a gas-solid separator 5 is installed on the air outlet 3, the bore dia of gas-solid separator 5 contained holes and porosity guarantee gas can by and solid particulate can not pass through, the agitator arm of agitator 4 stretches out outside the reactor 1, it is local airtight that agitator arm contacts with reactor 1, and reactor 1 is not in communication with the outside.
When preparing zeolite provided by the invention,, start agitator 4, and add silicon tetrachloride liquid from the opening for feed 2 described rare earth Y type zeolite solid particulate that contains of packing into, opening for feed 2 and air outlet 3 is airtight.Reacting by heating still 1 is to temperature of reaction, makes the silicon tetrachloride gasification, under agitation, and contains the rare earth Y type zeolite contact reacts.After reaction is finished, close agitator 4, stop to stir, cool off or do not cool off, open air outlet 3, waste gas is discharged, carry out waste gas and reclaim.Gas-solid separator 5 can be discharged gas, and solid can not be discharged.Upset reactor 1 is opened opening for feed 2, draws off the Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon that obtains from opening for feed 2.
The 2nd specific embodiments of the present invention as shown in Figure 2.Described conversion unit comprises all members of first embodiment, in addition, also comprises an inlet mouth 6.Described inlet mouth 6 can be positioned at the optional position of reactor 1, and under the preferable case, opening for feed 2 and air outlet 3 are positioned at the top of reactor 1, and inlet mouth 6 is positioned at the bottom of reactor 1.Inlet mouth 6 is used for adding silicon tetrachloride liquid.Inlet mouth 6 has been arranged, and silicon tetrachloride liquid adds from inlet mouth 6, and opening for feed 2 is used for specially adding and contains the rare earth Y type zeolite solid particulate, operates easier.
When preparing zeolite provided by the invention, packing into from opening for feed 2 contains the rare earth Y type zeolite solid particulate, starts agitator 4, and opening for feed 2 and air outlet 3 is airtight.Add silicon tetrachloride liquid from inlet mouth 6, pressure inlet mouth 6 is airtight or that keep inlet mouth 6 places is not less than the pressure in the reactor 1, and reacting by heating still 1 makes the silicon tetrachloride liquid gasification to temperature of reaction, under agitation, and contains the rare earth Y type zeolite contact reacts.After reaction is finished, close agitator 4, stop to stir, cool off or do not cool off, open air outlet 3, waste gas is discharged, carry out waste gas and reclaim.Gas-solid separator 5 can be discharged gas, and solid can not be discharged.Upset reactor 1 is opened opening for feed 2, draws off the Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon that obtains from opening for feed 2.
The 3rd specific embodiments of the present invention as shown in Figure 3.Described conversion unit comprises the 2nd all members of embodiment, and, a gas distributor 9 is housed on the top of inlet mouth 6, at the bottom of the still of the top and reactor 1 of gas distributor 9 in one plane or be higher than the plane at place at the bottom of reactor 1 still.The effect of described gas distributor is that silicon tetrachloride gas can be entered in the reactor 1 continuously equably, simultaneously, guarantees that the zeolitic solid particle does not enter in the pipeline that links to each other with inlet mouth 6.
When preparing zeolite provided by the invention, packing into from opening for feed 2 contains the rare earth Y type zeolite solid particulate, and opening for feed 2 and air outlet 3 is airtight, starts agitator 4, and opening for feed 2 is airtight.Add silicon tetrachloride liquid from inlet mouth 6, pressure inlet mouth 6 is airtight or that keep inlet mouth 6 places is not less than the pressure in the reactor 1, reacting by heating still 1 is to temperature of reaction, after the silicon tetrachloride liquid gasification, by the distributional effects of gas distributor 9, enter reactor 1 equably and contain rare earth Y type zeolite solid particulate contact reacts under agitation.After reaction is finished, close agitator 4, stop to stir, cool off or do not cool off, open air outlet 3, waste gas is discharged, carry out waste gas and reclaim.Gas-solid separator 5 can be discharged gas, and solid can not be discharged.Upset reactor 1 is opened opening for feed 2, draws off the Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon that obtains from opening for feed 2.
The 4th specific embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 4.Described conversion unit comprises all members of first embodiment, in addition, also comprises a discharge port 7.Opening for feed 2 and air outlet 3 are positioned at the top of reactor 1, and discharge port 7 is positioned at the bottom of reactor 1.Discharge port 7 is used for drawing off the Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon that obtains.Discharge port 7 has been arranged, and the reactor 1 that can overturn just can easily draw off the Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon that obtains, and operates easier.
When preparing zeolite provided by the invention, air outlet 3 and discharge port 7 is airtight, and packing into from opening for feed 2 contains the rare earth Y type zeolite solid particulate, starts agitator 4, and adds silicon tetrachloride liquid, and opening for feed 2 is airtight.Reacting by heating still 1 is to temperature of reaction, makes the silicon tetrachloride liquid gasification, under agitation, and contains the rare earth Y type zeolite contact reacts.After reaction is finished, close agitator 4, stop to stir, cool off or do not cool off, open air outlet 3, waste gas is discharged, carry out waste gas and reclaim.Gas-solid separator 5 can be discharged gas, and solid can not be discharged.Open discharge port 7, draw off the Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon that obtains from discharge port 7.
The 5th specific embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 5.Described conversion unit comprises the 4th all members of embodiment, in addition, the dish 8 that can dismantle is housed on the top of discharge port 7, can have also on this dish 8 and can not have a plurality of apertures, the size of aperture can not enter in the pipeline that links to each other with discharge port 7 the zeolitic solid particle by aperture, at the bottom of the still of the upper surface of dish 8 and reactor 1 in one plane or be higher than the plane at place at the bottom of reactor 1 still.Described dish 8 guarantees that the zeolitic solid particle does not enter in the pipeline that links to each other with discharge port 7, avoids the inadequate situation of part zeolitic solid particle and gas reaction to take place.
When preparing zeolite provided by the invention, air outlet 3 and discharge port 7 is airtight, and packing into from opening for feed 2 contains the rare earth Y type zeolite solid particulate, starts agitator 4, and adds silicon tetrachloride liquid, and opening for feed 2 is airtight.Reacting by heating still 1 is to temperature of reaction, makes the silicon tetrachloride liquid gasification, under agitation, and contains the rare earth Y type zeolite contact reacts.Because the existence of dish 8, in the reaction process, the zeolitic solid particle can not enter the pipeline that links to each other with discharge port.After reaction is finished, close agitator 4, stop to stir, cool off or do not cool off, open air outlet 3, waste gas is discharged, carry out waste gas and reclaim.Gas-solid separator 5 can be discharged gas, and solid can not be discharged.Open discharge port 7 and unload dish 8, draw off the Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon that obtains from discharge port 7.
The 6th specific embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 6.Described conversion unit comprises all members of first embodiment, comprises an inlet mouth 6 and discharge port 7 in addition; Opening for feed 2 and air outlet 3 are positioned at the top of reactor 1, and inlet mouth 6 and discharge port 7 are positioned at the bottom of reactor 1.A gas distributor 9 is housed on the top of inlet mouth 6, at the bottom of the still of the top and reactor 1 of gas distributor 9 in one plane or be higher than the plane at place at the bottom of reactor 1 still; A dismountable dish 8 is housed on the top of discharge port 7, be with or without a plurality of apertures on this dish 8, the size of aperture can not enter in the pipeline that links to each other with discharge port 7 the zeolitic solid particle by aperture, at the bottom of the still of the upper surface of dish 8 and reactor 1 in one plane or be higher than the plane at place at the bottom of reactor 1 still.Described divider 9 plays the effect of gas distributor, and silicon tetrachloride gas can be entered in the reactor 1 continuously equably, simultaneously, guarantees that the zeolitic solid particle does not enter in the pipeline that links to each other with inlet mouth 6.Described dish 8 guarantees that the zeolitic solid particle does not enter in the pipeline that links to each other with discharge port 7, avoids the inadequate situation of part zeolitic solid particle and silicon tetrachloride gas reaction to take place.
When preparing zeolite provided by the invention, air outlet 3 and discharge port 7 is airtight, pack into from opening for feed 2 and to contain the rare earth Y type zeolite solid particulate, opening for feed 2 is airtight, start agitator 4, add silicon tetrachloride liquid from inlet mouth 6, pressure inlet mouth 6 is airtight or that keep inlet mouth 6 places is not less than the pressure in the reactor 1, reacting by heating still 1 is to temperature of reaction, silicon tetrachloride liquid is after gasification, by the distributional effects of divider 9, enter reactor 1 equably and contain rare earth Y type zeolite solid particulate contact reacts under agitation.Because the existence of dish 8, in the reaction process, the zeolitic solid particle can not enter the pipeline that links to each other with discharge port.After reaction is finished, close agitator 4, stop to stir, cool off or do not cool off, open air outlet 3, waste gas is discharged, carry out gas recovery.Gas-solid separator 5 can be discharged gas, and solid can not be discharged.Open discharge port 7 and unload dish 8, draw off the Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon that obtains from discharge port 7.
The 7th specific embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 7.Described conversion unit comprises all members of first embodiment, comprises an inlet mouth 6 and discharge port 7 in addition; Discharge port 7 is positioned at the bottom of reactor 1, inlet mouth 6 communicates with reactor 1 by discharge port 7, a dismountable gas distributor 9 is equipped with on the top of discharge port 7, at the bottom of the still of the top and reactor 1 of gas distributor 9 in one plane or be higher than the plane at place at the bottom of reactor 1 still.Described gas distributor 9, both played the effect of gas distributor, silicon tetrachloride gas can evenly be entered in the reactor 1, guarantee that again the zeolitic solid particle does not enter in the pipeline that links to each other with discharge port 7, avoid the inadequate situation of part zeolitic solid particle and silicon tetrachloride gas reaction to take place.
When preparing zeolite provided by the invention, air outlet 3 and discharge port 7 is airtight, pack into from opening for feed 2 and to contain the rare earth Y type zeolite solid particulate, opening for feed 2 is airtight, start agitator 4, add silicon tetrachloride liquid from inlet mouth 6, pressure inlet mouth 6 is airtight or that keep inlet mouth 6 places is not less than the pressure in the reactor 1, heat hot reactor 1 is to temperature of reaction, with silicon tetrachloride liquid through the gasification after, by the distributional effects of gas distributor 9, enter reactor 1 equably and contain rare earth Y type zeolite solid particulate contact reacts under agitation.Because the existence of gas distributor 9, in the reaction process, the zeolitic solid particle can not enter the pipeline that links to each other with discharge port.After reaction is finished, close agitator 4, stop to stir, cool off or do not cool off, open air outlet 3, waste gas is discharged, carry out waste gas and reclaim.Gas-solid separator 5 can be discharged gas, and solid can not be discharged.Open discharge port 7 and unload gas distributor 9, draw off the Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon that obtains from discharge port 7.
The 8th specific embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 8.Described conversion unit comprises the 7th all members of embodiment, in addition, at reactor 1 outside electrically heated cover 10 in addition, comprise the interface 12 of a connection tensimeter 11 and the recess 14 that at least one heat supply galvanic couple 13 inserts on the top of reactor 1, recess 14 is not communicated with reactor 1, thermopair 13 is connected with the instrument of displays temperature, with the temperature in the Indicator Reaction still 1.
When preparing zeolite provided by the invention, air outlet 3 and discharge port 7 is airtight, and packing into from opening for feed 2 contains the rare earth Y type zeolite solid particulate, and opening for feed 2 is airtight.Start agitator 4, add silicon tetrachloride liquid from inlet mouth 6, pressure inlet mouth 6 is airtight or that keep inlet mouth 6 places is not less than the pressure in the reactor 1, start the power supply of electrically heated cover 10, reactor 1 is heated to required temperature, silicon tetrachloride liquid by the distributional effects of gas distributor 9, enters reactor 1 equably and contains rare earth Y type zeolite solid particulate contact reacts under agitation after gasification.Pressure and temperature in the reactor 1 is read with the instrument that links to each other with the thermopair 13 that inserts recess 14 from tensimeter 11 respectively.Because the existence of gas distributor 9, in the reaction process, the zeolitic solid particle can not enter the pipeline that links to each other with discharge port.After reaction is finished, close agitator 4, stop to stir, cool off or do not cool off, open air outlet 3, waste gas is discharged, carry out waste gas and reclaim.Gas-solid separator 5 can be discharged gas, and solid can not be discharged.Open discharge port 7 and unload gas distributor 9, draw off the Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon that obtains from discharge port 7.
According to method provided by the invention, described reactor 1 can be a shape arbitrarily, is oval-shaped column, coniform, square as cylindric, spherical, cross section, rectangular parallelepiped or other irregular shape.For solid particulate is mixed more evenly and easy-unloading, under the preferable case, described reactor 1 is cylindric, spherical, coniform or following band cone as shown in figure 11 cylindric.
The zeolitic solid particle should be able to be stirred in the position of agitator 4, makes the zeolitic solid uniform particles roll and flow, and does not contact with the wall of reactor 1.Described agitator 4 can be conventional agitator, as climbs formula agitator, propeller agitator, spiral ribbon agitator, grid agitator, circular tank bracket agitator etc.
Preferred agitator 4 is a spiral ribbon agitator as shown in Figure 9.This agitator comprises an agitator arm 15, stirring is with 16 with two ends and agitator arm 15 and stir with 16 support bars that link to each other 17, and stirring is with 16 to be the axle center with agitator arm 15, spiral escalation or decline, stirring the plane of band and the angle α of horizontal plane is the 10-70 degree, preferred 20-50 degree.The width of ribbon changes in very significantly according to the size and the zeolitic solid particulate amount of reactor 1, and in general, the width of ribbon is a 0.005-1 rice, is preferably 0.01-0.5 rice.The pitch that stirs the spiral of band formation can in very large range change, such as the used agitator of laboratory small-scale test, its pitch can be as small as several millimeters, and at the agitator of industrial use, its pitch can be up to several meters, in general, the pitch that stirs the spiral of band formation is 0.005-2 rice, is preferably 0.01-1 rice.
The recess 14 that inserts thermopair 13 need extend near the axle center of reactor 1, and for fear of the collision of recess 14 with agitator 4, the stirring of described agitator 4 is with 16 at least 2 sections of can be divided into as shown in figure 10, and stir between the band at 2 sections the position of recess 14.Adopt such agitator, at agitator when direction is rotated, easily material is risen to the top from the bottom of reactor 1, the zeolitic solid particle can successfully prolong the stirring band and slide, and stirs, and silicon tetrachloride gas is contacted with the zeolitic solid uniform particles, avoid material to form the hole, center, form the phenomenon in duricrust district by wall, can solve the zeolitic solid material defective slow, the mass transfer difference of conducting heat better, avoid local superheating.During the agitator counter-rotating, produce a kind of downward thrust, help discharging.
Gas-solid separator 5 is that any one can see through gas, and can not see through the material of solid particulate.Usually, described gas-solid separator is a kind of porous material, the bore dia of described porous material contained hole and porosity guarantee gas can by and solid particulate can not pass through.The bore dia of described porous material is the 1-40 micron, preferred 5-20 micron, and porosity is 5-60%, is preferably 10-40%.Described porous material can be stupalith, cement material, glass fiber material, Refrasil, polytetrafluoroethylene fiber material, fluoropolymer and glass fibre synthetic expanding material, contains the stainless steel agglomerated material of Cr, Ni, Ti and/or Mo.Gas-solid separator 5 guarantees that with being connected of reactor 1 reactor 1 can only be in communication with the outside by gas-solid separator 5, this can be by covering gas-solid separator 5 on the air outlet 3 of reactor 1, and airtight the reaching of part that gas-solid separator 5 is contacted with reactor 1.
Described gas distributor 9 can be existing all gases divider, a kind of as in dish type gas distributor, tubular gas distributor, spirally coiled gas distributor, cylindrical gas divider, the spheroid gas distributor, these gas distributors are conventionally known to one of skill in the art.With the dish type gas distributor is example, and the dish type gas distributor is a dish, and a plurality of apertures are arranged on the dish, and the size of aperture makes the zeolitic solid particle can not pass through aperture, and gas can pass through aperture smoothly.The diameter of the aperture on the dish is the 1-6 millimeter, preferred 2-5 millimeter.
The size of aperture can not enter in the pipeline that links to each other with discharge port 7 the zeolitic solid particle by aperture on the dish 8, and the diameter of the aperture on the dish is the 1-6 millimeter, preferred 2-5 millimeter.
The method of airtight each opening can adopt various existing methods, and these methods are conventionally known to one of skill in the art.As adopt the welding airtight, bonding airtight, the spiral shell button is airtight, packing is airtight, the flange packing ring is airtight or mounted valve is airtight.
Described electrically heated cover 10 a kind of heating units that just can adopt, described heating jacket can be used the type of heating of equivalence arbitrarily, as adopts direct naked light heating, and modes such as heating in water bath, oil bath heating replace.
Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon provided by the invention can be used as sorbent material and various activity of such catalysts component.Be especially suitable for use as the active ingredient of catalytic cracking catalyst.
Following example will the present invention will be further described.
Example 1
This example illustrates the described conversion unit of method provided by the invention.
With thickness is that 3 millimeters the industrial trade mark is that the stainless steel of NiCr18Ti is made equipment as shown in Figure 8.Away from the port of reactor 1 valve has been installed at opening for feed 2, air outlet 3, inlet mouth 6 and discharge port 7.
Wherein, the kettle of reactor 1 is cylindrical, and the kettle interior diameter is 100 millimeters, and is high 290 millimeters, and the diameter of opening for feed 2 is 30 millimeters, and the diameter of air outlet 3 is 6 millimeters, and the diameter of inlet mouth 6 is 6 millimeters, and the diameter of discharge port 7 is 30 millimeters.
Gas-solid separator 5 is that thickness is 3 millimeters, cross-sectional diameter is 15 millimeters, the industry trade mark is that material (manufacturing of Beijing Satellite Manufacturing Factory of the China Aerospace group) porosity that the Stainless Steel Powder powder material sintering of 1Cr18Ni9Ti is made is 30%, and the bore dia of contained hole is the 10-20 micron.Gas-solid separator 5 covers on the air outlet 3, and the position that gas-solid separator 5 contacts with reactor 1 adopts the spiral shell button airtight.
Example 2
This example illustrates the described conversion unit of method provided by the invention.
With thickness is that 3 millimeters the industrial trade mark is that the steel alloy of 0Cr18Ni10Ti is prepared equipment as shown in Figure 1.Reactor 1 is that a diameter is 200 millimeters a spheroplast.
The diameter of opening for feed 2 is 30 millimeters, the diameter of air outlet 3 is 6 millimeters, and gas-solid separator 5 is that thickness is 2 millimeters, and cross-sectional diameter is 10 millimeters, porosity is 25%, and the bore dia of contained hole is the disk (Beijing nonferrous metallurgy institute system) that the Ti alloy sintering of 5-10 micron is made.The position of gas-solid separator 5 and reactor contact adopts that flange is airtight to be connected.
Example 3
This example illustrates the described conversion unit of method provided by the invention.
With thickness is that 4 millimeters the industrial trade mark is that the steel alloy of 0Cr18Ni9 is prepared equipment as shown in Figure 8.Away from the port of reactor 1 valve has been installed at opening for feed 2, air outlet 3, inlet mouth 6 and discharge port 7.
Wherein, the kettle of reactor 1 is a right cylinder of being with cone as shown in figure 11 down, and the right cylinder interior diameter is 100 millimeters, and is high 290 millimeters, and cone top interior diameter is 100 millimeters, and the bottom interior diameter is 30 millimeters, 80 millimeters of height.The diameter of opening for feed 2 is 30 millimeters, and the diameter of air outlet 3 is 6 millimeters, and the diameter of inlet mouth 6 is 6 millimeters, and the diameter of discharge port 7 is 30 millimeters.
Agitator 4 is 2 segmentation spiral ribbon agitators shown in Figure 10.Agitator arm 15, stir be with 16 and support bar 17 all make with stainless steel.12 millimeters of agitator arm 15 diameters, described spiral is from the bottom of agitator arm 15, and the height of top spiral is 100 millimeters, and diameter is 90 millimeters, the height of bottom hurricane band is 215 millimeters, distance between 2 hurricane bands is 10 millimeters, and wherein, the height of the bottom spiral that the reactor cone is above is 140 millimeters, diameter is 90 millimeters, in the reactor cone, the height of bottom spiral is 75 millimeters, and the diameter of spiral is decremented to 20 millimeters along the awl wall from 90 millimeters equably.The upper and lower spiral is with 16 to be connected agitator arm 15 and stirring with 4 with 8 support bars that are uneven in length 17 respectively equidistantly, makes to stir to be with 16 to fix.5 millimeters of the bottoms of agitator arm 15 apart from the bottom of reactor 1, the length that agitator arm 15 stretches out reactor 1 outside part is 20 millimeters, agitator arm 15 links to each other with motor, stirring is 30 degree with the angle α of 16 plane and horizontal plane, stirring is 10 millimeters with 16 width, and total pitch number of top spiral and bottom spiral is 15.
Gas-solid separator 5 is that thickness is 0.86 millimeter fluoropolymer and glass fibre synthetic materials (Shanghai company limited of U.S. GORE-TEX FILTRATION PRODUCT company product).This gas-solid separator can 100% filters 0.4 micron solid particulate, and 90-95% filters the solid particulate of 0.2-0.3 micron, and 70-80% filters 0.1 micron solid particulate.The position of gas-solid separator 5 and reactor contact adopts that flange is airtight to be connected.
Example 4
This example illustrates the described conversion unit of method provided by the invention.
Except that agitator 4 for climbing the formula agitator, other material equipment is all identical with example 1.When the described formula agitator 4 of climbing when rotating, stirring band, to rotate formed columniform diameter be 90 millimeters.
Example 5
This example illustrates Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon provided by the invention and preparation method thereof.
Opening for feed 2 from example 1 described conversion unit, with 800 gram (butt weight) solid contents is that 99% powdery contains rare earth Y type zeolite (silica alumina ratio is 4.8, lattice constant 2.468 nanometers, sodium oxide content 4.5 weight %, 985 ℃ of lattice avalanche temperature, rare earth oxide content 19 weight %, wherein, lanthanum trioxide content is 4.9 weight %, cerium oxide content is 9.7 weight %, other rare earth oxide content is 4.4 weight %, and the particle diameter that contains rare earth Y type zeolite is the 0.3-1 micron) join in the reactor 1.Close the valve of opening for feed 2 and air outlet 3.Turn on agitator 4, stirring velocity are 100 rev/mins.Open the power supply of electrically heated cover 10, elevate the temperature to be positioned at SR74 type intelligent temperature control instrument displays temperature that reactor 1 intermediary thermopair 13 links to each other be 280 ℃ (at this moment, the SR74 type intelligent temperature control instrument displays temperature that links to each other with the thermopair 13 that is positioned at reactor 1 top also is 280 ℃), constant temperature feeds SiCl from inlet mouth 6
4Liquid 130 grams (weight ratio that contains rare earth Y type zeolite and silicon tetrachloride is 1: 0.16) are closed inlet mouth 6.SiCl
4Gasification also enters reactor 1 by gas distributor 9, and contains the rare earth Y type zeolite contact reacts.Reactor 1 internal pressure maintains 4 kilograms per centimeter substantially
2, reactor 1 internal pressure is read from tensimeter 11.React after 4 hours, close the power supply of electrically heated cover 10, be cooled to room temperature.Slowly open venting port 3, waste gas is slowly discharged from gas-solid separator 5.Open discharge port 7 and lay down gas distributor 9,, discharge solid product smoothly agitator 4 counter-rotatings.With 20 times of deionized water wash solid products,, get 790 grams Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon Z1 provided by the invention 120 ℃ of oven dry to solid product.Provided the ratio of the silica alumina ratio of Z1, initial lattice constant, balance lattice constant, balance lattice constant and initial lattice constant in the table 1, rare earth oxide content, sodium oxide content and lattice avalanche temperature.
Wherein, silica alumina ratio, lattice constant adopt X-ray diffraction method to measure, and lattice avalanche temperature adopts Differential scanning calorimetry to measure, and rare earth oxide content adopts x-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and sodium oxide content adopts colorimetric method for determining.
Example 6
This example illustrates Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon provided by the invention and preparation method thereof.
Opening for feed 2 from example 2 described conversion units, with 1000 gram (butt weight) solid contents is that 99% powdery contains rare earth Y type zeolite (silica alumina ratio is 4.5, lattice constant 2.470 nanometers, sodium oxide content 5 weight %, 986 ℃ of lattice avalanche temperature, rare earth oxide content 14 weight %, wherein, lanthanum trioxide content is 4.16 weight %, cerium oxide content is 8.16 weight %, other rare earth oxide content is 1.68 weight %, and the particle diameter that powdery contains rare earth Y type zeolite is the 0.5-1.5 micron) and 180 gram SiCl
4Liquid (weight ratio that contains rare earth Y type zeolite and silicon tetrachloride is 1: 0.18) joins in the reactor 1.With airtight opening for feed 2 of the spiral shell button that is lined with teflon gasket and air outlet 3.Turn on agitator 4, stirring velocity are 180 rev/mins.It is in 180 ℃ the oil bath that reactor 1 is immersed temperature, reacts 5 hours, and reactor 1 is taken out from oil bath, is cooled to room temperature, slowly opens air outlet 3, combustion gas.Dry the greasy dirt on the reactor 1, upset reactor 1 is opened opening for feed 2, and solid product is drawn off.With 20 times of deionized water wash solid products,, get 990 grams Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon Z2 provided by the invention 120 ℃ of oven dry to solid product.Provided the ratio of the silica alumina ratio of Z1, initial lattice constant, balance lattice constant, balance lattice constant and initial lattice constant in the table 1, rare earth oxide content, sodium oxide content and lattice avalanche temperature.
Example 7
This example illustrates Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon provided by the invention and preparation method thereof.
(1) with solid content is 85% NaY zeolite (Qilu Petrochemical company Zhou village catalyst plant, silica alumina ratio is 4.2, lattice constant is 2.473 nanometers, sodium oxide is 14.5 weight %), under 90 ℃ of conditions, press NaY: rare earth chloride is (wherein, Lanthanum trichloride content is 26 weight %, Cerium II Chloride content is 51 weight %, and the content of other rare earth chloride is 23 weight %, produces in Chinese packet header): H
2O=1: 0.21: 10 ratio, carried out rare earth ion exchanged 60 minutes, 120 ℃ of oven dry, obtain containing rare earth Y type zeolite, this rare earth oxide content that contains rare earth Y type zeolite is 13.26 weight %, and wherein lanthanum trioxide content is 3.45 weight %, cerium oxide content is 6.76 weight %, the content of other rare earth oxide is 3.05 weight %, and silica alumina ratio is 4.2, and lattice constant is 2.473 nanometers.
(2) from the opening for feed 2 of example 3 described conversion units, the rare earth Y type zeolite that contains that 750 grams (butt weight) (1) are obtained joins in the reactor 1.Close the valve of opening for feed 2 and air outlet 3.Turn on agitator 4, stirring velocity are 80 rev/mins.Open the power supply of electrically heated cover 10, elevate the temperature to the SR74 type intelligent temperature control instrument displays temperature that links to each other with thermopair 13 be 300 ℃, constant temperature is from inlet mouth 6 feeding SiCl
4Liquid 150 grams (weight ratio that contains rare earth Y type zeolite and silicon tetrachloride is 1: 0.2) are closed inlet mouth 6.SiCl
4Liquid gasification, and enter reactor 1 by gas distributor 9 and contains rare earth Y type zeolite and reacts.Reactor 1 internal pressure maintains 3 kilograms per centimeter substantially
2, reactor 1 internal pressure is read from tensimeter 11.React after 1 hour, close the power supply of electrically heated cover 10, be cooled to 100 ℃.Slowly open venting port 3, waste gas is slowly discharged from gas-solid separator 5.Open discharge port 7 and lay down gas distributor 9,, discharge solid product smoothly agitator 4 counter-rotatings.With 20 times of deionized water wash solid products,, get 720 grams Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon Z3 provided by the invention 120 ℃ of oven dry to solid product.Provided the ratio of the silica alumina ratio of Z3, initial lattice constant, balance lattice constant, balance lattice constant and initial lattice constant in the table 1, rare earth oxide content, sodium oxide content and lattice avalanche temperature.
Example 8
This example illustrates Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon provided by the invention and preparation method thereof.
Opening for feed 2 from example 4 described conversion units, with 600 gram (butt weight) solid contents is that 99.1% powdery contains rare earth Y type zeolite (silica alumina ratio is 4.8, lattice constant 2.468 nanometers, sodium oxide content 4.5 weight %, 985 ℃ of lattice avalanche temperature, rare earth oxide content 18 weight %, wherein, lanthanum trioxide content is 4.9 weight %, cerium oxide content is 9.6 weight %, other rare earth oxide content is 3.5 weight %, and the particle diameter that powdery contains rare earth Y type zeolite is the 0.3-1 micron) join in the reactor 1.Close the valve of opening for feed 2 and air outlet 3.Turn on agitator 4, stirring velocity are 90 rev/mins.Open the power supply of electrically heated cover 10, elevate the temperature to be positioned at SR74 type intelligent temperature control instrument displays temperature that reactor 1 intermediary thermopair 13 links to each other be 250 ℃ (at this moment, the SR74 type intelligent temperature control instrument displays temperature that links to each other with the thermopair 13 that is positioned at reactor 1 top also is 250 ℃), constant temperature feeds SiCl from inlet mouth 6
4Liquid 140 grams (weight ratio that contains rare earth Y type zeolite and silicon tetrachloride is 1: 0.23) are closed inlet mouth 6.SiCl
4Liquid gasification, and enter reactor 1 by gas distributor 9 and contains rare earth Y type zeolite and reacts.Reactor 1 internal pressure maintains 2 kilograms per centimeter substantially
2, reactor 1 internal pressure is read from tensimeter 11.React after 2 hours, close the power supply of electrically heated cover 10, be cooled to room temperature.Slowly open venting port 3, waste gas is slowly discharged from gas-solid separator 5.Open discharge port 7 and lay down gas distributor 9,, discharge solid product smoothly agitator 4 counter-rotatings.With 20 times of deionized water wash solid products,, get 590 grams Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon Z4 provided by the invention 120 ℃ of oven dry to solid product.Provided the ratio of the silica alumina ratio of Z4, initial lattice constant, balance lattice constant, balance lattice constant and initial lattice constant in the table 1, rare earth oxide content, sodium oxide content and lattice avalanche temperature.
Example 9
This example illustrates Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon provided by the invention and preparation method thereof.
(1) with solid content is 85% NaY zeolite (Qilu Petrochemical company Zhou village catalyst plant, silica alumina ratio are 4.2, and lattice constant is 2.473 nanometers, and sodium oxide content is 16 weight %), under 90 ℃ of conditions, presses NaY: Lanthanum trichloride: H
2O=1: 0.15: 10 ratio, carried out ion-exchange 60 minutes, 120 ℃ of oven dry obtain containing the lanthanum y-type zeolite, and this lanthanum trioxide content that contains the lanthanum y-type zeolite is 10 weight %, and silica alumina ratio is 4.2, and lattice constant is 2.473 nanometers.
(2) from the opening for feed 2 of example 3 described conversion units, the lanthanum y-type zeolite that contains that 850 grams (butt weight) (1) are obtained joins in the reactor 1.Close the valve of opening for feed 2 and air outlet 3.Turn on agitator 4, stirring velocity are 80 rev/mins.Open the power supply of electrically heated cover 10, elevate the temperature to the SR74 type intelligent temperature control instrument displays temperature that links to each other with thermopair 13 be 400 ℃, constant temperature is from inlet mouth 6 feeding SiCl
4Liquid 297 grams (weight ratio that contains lanthanum y-type zeolite and silicon tetrachloride is 1: 0.35), SiCl
4Liquid gasification, and enter reactor 1 by gas distributor 9 and contains the lanthanum y-type zeolite and reacts.Reactor 1 internal pressure maintains 3 kilograms per centimeter substantially
2, reactor 1 internal pressure is read from tensimeter 11.React after 20 minutes, close the power supply of electrically heated cover 10, be cooled to room temperature.Slowly open venting port 3, waste gas is slowly discharged from gas-solid separator 5.Open discharge port 7 and lay down gas distributor 9,, discharge solid product smoothly agitator 4 counter-rotatings.With 20 times of deionized water wash solid products,, get 842 grams Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon Z5 provided by the invention 120 ℃ of oven dry to solid product.Provided the ratio of the silica alumina ratio of Z5, initial lattice constant, balance lattice constant, balance lattice constant and initial lattice constant in the table 1, lanthanum trioxide content, sodium oxide content and lattice avalanche temperature.
Table 1
| | 5 | ?6 | ?7 | ?8 | ?9 |
| The zeolite numbering | Z1 | ?Z2 | ?Z3 | ?Z4 | ?Z5 |
| Silica alumina ratio | 7.3 | ?7.0 | ?10.8 | ?6.1 | ?13.9 |
| Initial lattice constant, nanometer | 2.455 | ?2.450 | ?2.445 | ?2.460 | ?2.440 |
| The balance lattice constant, nanometer | 2.444 | ?2.437 | ?2.435 | ?2.445 | ?2.435 |
| Balance lattice constant and initial lattice constant ratio | 0.996 | ?0.995 | ?0.996 | ?0.994 | ?0.996 |
| Rare earth oxide content, weight % | 14.5 | ?12.5 | ?10.2 | ?14.8 | ?6.5 |
| Wherein, lanthanum trioxide content, weight % | 3.8 | ?4.1 | ?2.7 | ?4.0 | ?6.5 |
| Cerium oxide content, weight % | 7.4 | ?7.2 | ?5.2 | ?7.9 | ?0 |
| Other rare earth oxide content, weight % | 3.3 | ?1.2 | ?2.3 | ?2.9 | ?0 |
| Sodium oxide content, weight % | 0.32 | ?0.45 | ?0.18 | ?0.32 | ?0.22 |
| Lattice avalanche temperature, ℃ | 1020 | ?1010 | ?1035 | ?1003 | ?1067 |
Claims (20)
1. Y type zeolites containing rare-earth and high content of silicon, this zeolite contains rare earth, it is characterized in that, and the silica alumina ratio of this zeolite is 5-30, and initial lattice constant is the 2.430-2.465 nanometer, and the balance lattice constant is at least 0.985 with the ratio of initial lattice constant.
2. zeolite according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the silica alumina ratio of this zeolite is 6-15, and initial lattice constant is the 2.440-2.460 nanometer, and the balance lattice constant is at least 0.99 with the ratio of initial lattice constant.
3. zeolite according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, in rare earth oxide, the content of rare earth is 5-16 weight %.
4. zeolite according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described rare earth is lanthanum rich norium, cerium-rich mischmetal metal, lanthanum or cerium.
5. claim 1 prepare zeolite method, this method comprises and contacting with silicon tetrachloride containing rare earth Y type zeolite, it is characterized in that, described contact is carried out in a conversion unit, this equipment comprises a reactor (1), 1 opening for feed (2) and an air outlet (3), wherein, also comprise an agitator (4) in the inside of reactor (1), a gas-solid separator (5) is installed on the air outlet (3), the bore dia of gas-solid separator (5) contained hole and porosity guarantee gas can by and the molecular sieve solid particle can not pass through, the agitator arm of agitator (4) stretches out outside the reactor (1), it is local airtight that agitator arm contacts with reactor (1), and reactor (1) is not in communication with the outside; The y-type zeolite and the silicon tetrachloride that will contain rare earth join in the reactor (1) through opening for feed (2), under the stirring of agitator (4), the described y-type zeolite that contains rare earth contacts with silicon tetrachloride gas, the temperature of contact is 100-500 ℃, the time of contact is 5 minutes to 10 hours, and containing the y-type zeolite of rare earth and the weight ratio of silicon tetrachloride is 1: 0.05-0.5; The described silica alumina ratio that contains the y-type zeolite of rare earth is 3-8, and lattice constant is the 2.45-2.48 nanometer.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the temperature of described contact is 150-450 ℃, and the time of contact is 10 minutes to 6 hours, and containing the y-type zeolite of rare earth and the weight ratio of silicon tetrachloride is 1: 0.1-0.4.
7. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described conversion unit also comprises an inlet mouth (6), and silicon tetrachloride adds through inlet mouth (6).
8. method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, inlet mouth (6) is positioned at the bottom of reactor (1), on the top of inlet mouth (6) gas distributor (9) is housed, at the bottom of the still of the top and reactor (1) of gas distributor (9) in one plane or be higher than the plane at place at the bottom of reactor (1) still.
9. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described conversion unit also comprises a discharge port (7), and the y-type zeolite and the solid after the silicon tetrachloride gas reaction that contain rare earth draw off through discharge port (7).
10. method according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, discharge port (7) is positioned at the bottom of reactor (1), the dish (8) that can dismantle is housed on the top of discharge port (7), this dish is with or without a plurality of apertures on (8), the size of aperture can not enter in the pipeline that links to each other with discharge port 7 solid particulate by aperture, at the bottom of the still of the upper surface of dish (8) and reactor (1) in one plane or be higher than the plane at place at the bottom of reactor (1) still.
11. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described conversion unit also comprises an inlet mouth (6) and discharge port (7); Inlet mouth (6) is positioned at the bottom of reactor (1), on the top of inlet mouth (6) gas distributor 9 is housed, at the bottom of the still of the top and reactor (1) of gas distributor 9 in one plane or be higher than the plane at place at the bottom of reactor (1) still; Discharge port (7) is positioned at the bottom of reactor (1), on the top of discharge port (7) a dismountable dish (8) is housed, this dish is with or without a plurality of apertures on (8), at the bottom of the still of the upper surface of dish (8) and reactor (1) in one plane or be higher than the plane at place at the bottom of reactor (1) still; Silicon tetrachloride adds through inlet mouth (6), and the y-type zeolite and the solid after the silicon tetrachloride gas reaction that contain rare earth draw off through discharge port (7).
12. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described conversion unit also comprises an inlet mouth (6) and discharge port (7); Discharge port (7) is positioned at the bottom of reactor (1), inlet mouth (6) communicates with reactor (1) by discharge port (7), a dismountable gas distributor (9) is equipped with on the top of discharge port (7), at the bottom of the still of the top and reactor (1) of gas distributor (9) in one plane or be higher than the plane at place at the bottom of reactor (1) still, silicon tetrachloride adds through inlet mouth (6), and the y-type zeolite and the solid after the silicon tetrachloride gas reaction that contain rare earth draw off through discharge port (7).
13. method according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, at the outside electrically heated cover (10) in addition of reactor (1), also have the interface (12) of a connection tensimeter (11) and the recess (14) that at least one heat supply galvanic couple (13) inserts on the top of reactor (1), recess (14) is not communicated with reactor (1), thermopair (13) is connected with the instrument of energy displays temperature, with the temperature in the Indicator Reaction still (1).
14. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described reactor (1) is spherical, cylindric, coniform or band cone down cylindric.
15. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, agitator (4) is to climb formula agitator, propeller agitator, spiral ribbon agitator, grid agitator or circular tank bracket agitator.
16. method according to claim 15, it is characterized in that, described agitator (4) is the spiral ribbon agitator, this agitator comprises an agitator arm (15), stir the support bar (17) of being with (16) and two ends to link to each other with agitator arm (15) and stirring band (16), stirring band (16) is the axle center with agitator arm (15), spiral escalation or decline, and stirring the plane of band (16) and the angle α of horizontal plane is the 10-70 degree.
17. method according to claim 16 is characterized in that, stirring the plane of band (16) and the angle α of horizontal plane is the 20-60 degree.
18. method according to claim 16 is characterized in that, the stirring band (16) of described agitator (4) is divided at least 2 sections.
19. method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, gas-solid separator (5) is stupalith, cement material, glass fiber material, Refrasil, polytetrafluoroethylene fiber material, fluoropolymer and glass fibre synthetic expanding material, or contain the stainless steel agglomerated material of Cr, Ni, Ti and/or Mo.
20. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described gas distributor 9 is selected from dish type gas distributor, tubular gas distributor, spirally coiled gas distributor, cylindrical gas divider or spheroid gas distributor.
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