CN1680649A - Dehydrating method and special controller of Homogenizing washer with drum - Google Patents

Abstract

With controlling rotate speed of drum in washing machine, the method makes material cast, fall off and delaminate, and then evenly distribute at inner wall of the drum. The invention also offers several control devices used in all kind motors in drum-type washing machine adopting series excited machine and double speed motor.

Description

Homogenising, barrel washing machine dehydration method and dedicated control device

Affiliated technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of equally distributed ten thousand methods of material that can make in the container of level (or level of approximation) central shaft rotation, especially make the equally distributed method of clothing in tumbling-box washing machine, the Water Extraction Machinery, and the tumbling-box washing machine, the Water Extraction Machinery dehydration procedure that adopt the method, the dehydration controller.

Background technology

Tumbling-box washing machine, Water Extraction Machinery and similar device, its common feature is: a near cylindrical around the rotation of level (or level of approximation) central shaft, the container of cydariform are arranged, materials such as interior dress clothing by around its rotation at a high speed, are realized functions such as centrifugal dehydration.Its common difficulty is: because gravity and container are asymmetric relation, material wherein is easy to partially together on one side, is difficult for being evenly distributed, and produces bigger eccentric force when rotating at a high speed, produces strong vibration, noise etc.

Head it off has three class ways usually: the one, vibration absorber is set, and all these kind equipments have; The 2nd, bascule is set, as 02121952.4,02142600.7 etc. of Sanyo, adopt water tank as balancer, to offset inhomogeneities, structure is quite complicated; The 3rd, the motion by the control container is evenly distributed material, and the present invention promptly also belongs to this type of.

In the control container motion class scheme, Chinese patent 86204733,98221461.8 is attempted to eliminate material by low speed rotation and is not evenly distributed, but owing to do not find the key problem in technology point, drum rotation speed is too high, poor effect; With the Chinese patent application 03103407.1 of LG Electronics Inc. is the method that the patent of representative provides a series of measurement unbalance mass,s, serves as according to controlling with the result who measures, and wherein the homogenization method of Cai Yonging is basic identical with preceding two patents; 00104006.5 method that adopts the cylinder low-angle to rock of the Chinese patent application of Japan Toshiba it is introduced that actual effect is better, and the more complicated but its control method also seems, scientific basis also seem and be not very abundant.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method, it can make this type of material in the container of level (or level of approximation) central shaft rotation evenly distribute; And then provide the dewatering and the control device of the tumbling-box washing machine that adopts this method, dryer, centrifugal dehydrator; Simultaneously, for ease of the enforcement of this method and control device, also provide simple vibration detection, rotating speed to detect and motor speed control device.

One of method of material homogenising provided by the invention is: make the container (as: cylinder) that rotates around level (or level of approximation) central shaft from first rotational speed N earlier ₁Progressively accelerate to second rotational speed N lentamente ₂, first rotational speed N ₁Be lower than first and separate rotational speed N _F1, second rotational speed N ₂Be higher than first and separate rotational speed N _F1, that is: N ₁＜N _F1＜N ₂Wherein first separates rotating speed $N_F$ $1_{}=\frac{60}{2\mathrm{\π}}\sqrt{g/r},$ (rotating speed unit: rev/min, down together), r is the container inner wall radius, and g is an acceleration of gravity, and π is a pi.

The method is to make the material in the rotary container finish the physical process that layering overlays, and this physical process describes in detail hereinafter.For realizing that better layering overlays second rotational speed N ₂Also should separate rotating speed more than or equal to second $N_F$ $2_{}=\frac{60}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}\sqrt{g/{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_2},$ r ₂For at full capacity, the least radius of material when material is evenly filled along inwall.Whole accelerator should compare slowly, and the time of accelerator was advisable with the time in container 5～15 weeks of rotation.In addition, consider second rotational speed N from reducing vibration ₂Should the be lower than container resonance rotating speed of---normally roller assembly---is being good away from the resonance rotating speed as far as possible.This also be material homogenising provided by the invention method two.Roller assembly is meant the summation of parts such as cylinder, urceolus, balancer, motor, and it is suspended in midair, supported by spring and shock absorber, constitutes spring oscillator; This spring oscillator vibration produced resonance when cylinder rotated when a certain rotating speed, and so-called resonance rotating speed promptly refers to rotating speed this moment.

Three of the method for material homogenising provided by the invention is: make container with first rotational speed N earlier ₁The rotation certain hour, and then progressively accelerate to second rotating speed lentamente; When rotating with first rotating speed, material is done projectile motion in container, and this realizes corresponding first rotating speed by the control rotating speed $N_{}$ ${}_1\&le;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="N\; F"\; filenames="A20041003318600241.png,A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}_F\sqrt{\sin (\mathrm{\&pi;}/3)},$ With ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="N\; F"\; filenames="A20041003318600241.png,A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}_F\sqrt{\sin (\mathrm{\&pi;}/6)}\&le;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="N"\; filenames="A20041003318600241.png,A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}_1\&le;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="N\; F"\; filenames="A20041003318600241.png,A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}_F\sqrt{\sin (\mathrm{\&pi;}/4)}$ For good, N _F1Be aforementioned first separating rate.With the time of first rotating speed rotation, should guarantee that material disperses, generally the time of enclosing greater than container rotation 5.

For illustrating further the principle of said method, below in conjunction with Fig. 1, labor three physical processes wherein.

First physical process is the impelling process: as Fig. 1, radius is that the container [1] of r rotates in a counter-clockwise direction, and rotating speed is N, and linear velocity is V, has:

$V=\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{60}\mathrm{Nr}$

With the container center of circle is that initial point is set up the XY coordinate system.Material is abstract to be particle, and establishing its quality is M, is subjected to gravity Mg and chamber wall pressure P at point [A], and point [A] corresponding angle is θ.Because container [1] inwall has the lifting muscle usually, so only consider normal direction, has:

P/M+gsinθ＝V ²/r

Make P=0, have: $N=\frac{60}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}\sqrt{\frac{g}{r}\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}}={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="N\; F"\; filenames="A20041003318600241.png,A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}_F\sqrt{\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}}$

Wherein: ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="N\; F"\; filenames="A20041003318600241.png,A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}_F=\frac{60}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}\sqrt{g/r},$

Be first to separate rotating speed, the rotating speed when being exactly θ=90 °.Its physical significance is: as N 〉=N _F1The time, because action of centrifugal force also attached to chamber wall, is rotated with container when material forwards the top to.And as N＜N _F1The time, because the centrifugal force deficiency, material can separate with chamber wall when forwarding the top to, the angle θ of separation point position [A] satisfies: sin θ=N ²/ N _F1 ²After the separation, material moves to drop point [B] with parabola [2], and to the material of [A] point, position, speed are:

X _A＝r×cosθ，Y _A＝r×sinθ，V _AX＝-V×sinθ，V _AY＝V×cosθ

So the parametric equation of parabola [1] can be written as:

X＝X _A+V _AXt，Y＝Y _A+V _AYt-gt ²/2

Cancellation time t notices ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="V"\; filenames="A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}^2$ $\frac{1}{r\&times;\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}}$ Obtain the parabolic path equation:

$Y-r\&times;\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}=-\frac{\cos \mathrm{\&theta;}}{\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}}(X-r\&times;\cos \mathrm{\&theta;})-\frac{{(X-r\&times;\cos \mathrm{\&theta;})}^2}{2r\&times;{\sin }^3\mathrm{\&theta;}}$

Making [B] some corresponding angle is β, and coordinate is: X _B=r * cos β, Y _B=r * sin β, the substitution parabolic equation can get:

2sin ³θsinβ＝-cos ²β+2cos ³θcosβ-3cos ²θ+2

Both sides square, and sin all turned to cos, make z=cos β, c=cos θ, have:

z ⁴-4c ³z ³+(12c ⁴-6c ²)z ²+(-12c ⁵+8c ³)z+(4c ⁶-3c ⁴)＝0

But this formula factorization is: (z-c) ³(z-4c ³+ 3c)=0

So have: cos β=cos θ and cos β=4cos ³θ-3cos θ=cos3 θ

Obviously, first separates correspondence [A] point, that is: β=θ

Separate correspondence [B] point, that is: β=-3 θ for second

So far, the relation of drop point [B], throwing point [A] and rotational speed N is definite fully.That is:

β＝-3θ，sinθ＝N ²/N _F1 ²， ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="N\; F"\; filenames="A20041003318600241.png,A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}_F=\frac{60}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}\sqrt{g/r}$

Therefore, by the control rotational speed N, can control the position of drop point [B].

Existing typical washing machine drum internal diameter is about 0.25 meter, corresponding N _F1Value is about 60 rev/mins, and the rotating speed of existing homogenising operation is worth too approaching therewith even is higher than this value, and the impelling process is not remarkable.Below enumerate the rotating speed of several special angles correspondence:

Second physical process is falling process.Material has two factors in action at [B] point when falling, and one is impulse force, and one is speed: the impulsive force when falling can make material scatter, and unties the entanglement of clothing etc.; And falling point [B], the speed of material is different with the velocity attitude of cylinder, and is vertical substantially under certain conditions, like this owing to cylinder is rotating, the material that falls will be dispersed in the diverse location of cylinder successively, realizes that material evenly distributes, and this effect is called tiling.

The relation of plane formula can derive in the past: the speed of material before [B] point falls:

V _BX＝-V×sinθ，V _BY＝-3V×cosθ

If this velocity attitude is γ, then have: $\mathrm{tg\&gamma;}=\frac{V_{\mathrm{BY}}}{V_{\mathrm{BX}}}=\frac{3}{\mathrm{tg\&theta;}},$ Vertically with the tangential velocity of cylinder promptly be: γ=β, that is: tg γ=tg β, so equation is arranged: tg θ * tg3 θ=-3 solves: $\sin {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{\&perp;}=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}/2,$ θ _≈34.3°，γ _⊥≈-102.8°

Also can be decomposed into tangential velocity V by cylinder wall with falling speed _{B ∥}With normal velocity V _{B }, have:

V _B∥＝-V×[2Cos2θ+Cos4θ]，V _B＝V×[2Sin2θ+Sin4θ]

By V _{B ∥}=0 can solve identical θ equally _⊥As seen, vibrating deflection is at θ _⊥When neighbouring, it is vertical substantially with cylinder wall to fall speed, helps the material tiling like this.Simultaneously also as can be seen, θ _⊥Be worth less, corresponding rotating speed, to fall speed, impulse force etc. also corresponding less, impact effect weakens.Therefore, not necessarily be exactly best when vertical, should take into full account a plurality of factors such as impact, tiling when selecting first rotating speed.

Test shows: when drop point [B] is positioned at β=-60 °～-180 °, the homogenising of material and the entanglement of untiing clothing etc. all there are certain effect, in β=-90 °～-135 ° the time, have better effect.

The 3rd physical process is that layering overlays process.When rotating speed increased gradually, drop point [B] will be gradually moves to-270 °, when rotating speed separates rotational speed N greater than first _F1The time, centrifugal force can overlay material on inwall, even also do not separate at peak, promptly " curing " is on inwall.But this be based on material abstract for particle, be close to the conclusion that the situation of chamber wall draws.In fact, materials such as clothing all have certain volume, and are overlapped, and have fluffy situation, and actual radius of turn is less than the chamber wall radius.By aforementioned relational expression as can be known, the square root that separates rotating speed and radius of turn is inversely proportional to, and promptly radius of turn is more little, and " curing " required rotating speed is high more.The rotating speed radius corresponding is called separation semidiameter, container can be divided into inner ring and outer ring by separation semidiameter.Therefore, when the first separation rotational speed N of rotating speed greater than chamber wall _F1The time, the material of outer ring is at first overlayed on inwall, and the material of inner ring is still done projectile motion; When rotating speed increased gradually, separation semidiameter reduced gradually, and " curing " effect is inwardly expansion gradually, up to all being overlayed on inwall.Therefore, slowly acceleration will make material in layer be overlayed, and Here it is, and layering overlays process

It is to realize the last committed step of homogenising distribution that layering overlays, even can use separately.Suppose a certain moment material skewness, existing partial material is overlayed in the outer ring, but does not fill up as yet, still has material to do projectile motion in the inner ring.Because the time of the time ratio circular motion of projectile motion short (below will prove), drop point will be positioned at the front of former projection, (in Fig. 1, when material dropped on [B] point, [A] put and only forward to [A '] point).Like this, material will have an opportunity to fall the place of not filling up in the outer ring in the inner ring; In case fall into, will be overlayed " curing ".Like this, as long as the time long enough, the outer ring will be filled.By acceleration slowly, the outer ring radius dwindles gradually, and material will be overlayed " curing " layer by layer, realizes at last evenly distributing.

The time of the time ratio circular motion of proof projectile motion is short below.As Fig. 1, utilize the relational expression of front, must put the projectile motion time T of [B] point from [A] ₁With the circular motion time T ₂:

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="T"\; filenames="A20041003318600241.png,A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_1=\frac{X_B-X_A}{V_{\mathrm{XA}}}=\frac{\mathrm{rCos\&beta;}-\mathrm{rCos\&theta;}}{-V\&times;\mathrm{Sin\&theta;}}=\frac{r}{V}\&times;\frac{\mathrm{Cos\&theta;}-\mathrm{Cos}3\mathrm{\&theta;}}{\mathrm{Sin\&theta;}}=\frac{2r}{V}\mathrm{Sin}2\mathrm{\&theta;}---{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="T"\; filenames="A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_2=\frac{(2\mathrm{\&pi;}-4\mathrm{\&theta;})r}{V}$

$T_2-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="T"\; filenames="A20041003318600241.png,A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_1=\frac{2r}{V}(\mathrm{\&pi;}-2\mathrm{\&theta;}-\mathrm{Sin}2\mathrm{\&theta;})=\frac{2r}{V}[(\mathrm{\&pi;}-2\mathrm{\&theta;})-\mathrm{Sin}(\mathrm{\&pi;}-2\mathrm{\&theta;})]=\frac{2r}{V}(\mathrm{\&alpha;}-\mathrm{Sin\&alpha;})>0$

In the formula: α=π-2 θ, because of: 0＜θ＜pi/2, so have: 0＜α＜π, α＞Sin α

The least radius r of material when inwall is evenly filled at full capacity, ₂(volume of material is calculated can be according to full load the time) corresponding separating rate is called second and separates rotating speed, obviously ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="N\; F"\; filenames="A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}_F=\frac{60}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}\sqrt{g/{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_2}.$ In theory, second rotating speed should separate rotating speed more than or equal to second.But in fact, when (β)＞180 ° the time, parabolic path is very approaching with circle, because factors such as lifting muscle, projectile motion exists in name only, and second rotating speed suitably is lower than theoretical value can obviously not influence uniformization effect yet.Through test, r ₂It is good to get the r/2 effect, to r=0.25 rice, is about 85rpm.

For guaranteeing that layering overlays the effect of process, it is crucial quickening lentamente.Through test, the time that layering overlays process was advisable with the time in container 5～15 weeks of rotation, and the time is too short to be overlayed effect and do not ensure, oversizely then there is no need.Certainly this is for common use situation, and special case such as certain adhesive are arranged between, the material special for the material size shape, can suitably increase the time.

Compared to the prior art, homogenising of the present invention operation comprises impelling, falls, layering overlays three processes (preceding two are carried out simultaneously), and known technology often has only wherein preceding two, lacks crucial layering and overlays process, and the rotating speed during impelling is often too high, and the impelling process is not remarkable.In fact, the theoretical foundation of known technology is a centrifugal separation technology.It is similar that so-called centrifugal separation technology and layering overlay principle, promptly selects suitable rotating speed, makes that the outer ring material overlays, the inner ring materials casting, thereby reach dispersion and untie the purpose of entanglement.Therefore, the rotating speed of known technology is too high not to be error, but have a mind to design, this also is the remarkable difference of the present invention and known technology: what known technology was taken a fancy to is the centrifugation of upper end, and what the present invention took a fancy to is the dropping shock and the tiling of lower end; What work in the centrifugation is the poor of centrifugal force and gravity, and its value is less, and effect is limited, and dropping shock power then is momentum impulse force and gravity sum, and its value is big many, and effect is also better; And higher because of rotating speed in the known technology, the position of inner ring materials casting drop point is very high, (β) value usually near or greater than 180 °, this moment, tangential velocity VB ∥ was bigger as can be known by aforementioned formula, a little less than the tiling effect.

In addition, overlay in the process, in fact also comprised centrifugal separation technology, but also with the effect " curing " of centrifugation, this also is unexistent in the known technology in layering.From this angle, it is to overlay process that centrifugal separation technology also can be considered as, but is a fixed speed between first and second separating rate because of what select, has not both had layering (speed is constant), has not also overlayed (being lower than second separating rate).Do not have layering, then when material is less when being not enough to all fill the outer ring, the inhomogeneous situation of material can't be eliminated in the outer ring: do not overlayed, then when material more for a long time, the inhomogeneous situation of the material of material can't be eliminated fully in the inner ring.And, after the homogenising operation, making cylinder stall or counter-rotating in the scheme formerly that has, the effect that overlays has then been destroyed fully.

Using above-mentioned homogenization method, increase some actions, promptly is dewatering provided by the invention, and whole dehydration follows these steps to carry out:

The first step, homogenising operation: carry out the homogenising operation by preceding method, comprising:

A: allow cylinder with first rotational speed N ₁Rotation a period of time makes material repeatedly carry out impelling, falling process in cylinder, reaches the effect of loose and dispersed material;

B: with the rotary speed of cylinder by first rotational speed N ₁Slowly accelerate to second rotational speed N ₂, make material in cylinder, carry out layering pressing process, distribute to realize homogenising; Acceleration time is the cylinder time in 5～15 weeks of rotation;

Wherein: first rotational speed N ₁Satisfy: ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="N\; F"\; filenames="A20041003318600241.png,A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}_F\sqrt{\sin (\mathrm{\&pi;}/6)}\&le;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="N"\; filenames="A20041003318600241.png,A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}_1\&le;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="N\; F"\; filenames="A20041003318600241.png,A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}_F\sqrt{\sin (\mathrm{\&pi;}/4)}$

Second rotational speed N ₂Satisfy: N _F2≤ N ₂＜N _x $N_{F1}=\frac{60}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}\sqrt{g/r},{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="N\; F"\; filenames="A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}_F=\frac{60}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}\sqrt{g/{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_2},$ N _xBe the resonant speed of roller assembly, r is the inner wall of rotary drum radius, r ₂Be the least radius of material when inwall is evenly filled at full capacity, g is an acceleration of gravity, and π is a pi;

Second step, low speed dewater in advance: make the rotary speed of cylinder accelerate to the 3rd rotating speed rapidly by second rotating speed, keep the 3rd rotating speed rotation a period of time then; Wherein the 3rd rotating speed is greater than the resonance rotating speed of roller assembly, and certain dehydration is arranged, and vibration is also little when clothing is inhomogeneous;

The 3rd step, vibration control: open vibrating detector, detect the Oscillation Amplitude of roller assembly,, close detection, return the first step, carry out the homogenising operation again if surpass set-point;

The 4th step, main dehydration at a high speed: progressively accelerate to the 4th rotating speed by the 3rd rotating speed, keep the given time of the 4th rotating speed rotation then, finish up to dehydration; Detect the Oscillation Amplitude of roller assembly in this step process always,, return the first step, carry out the homogenising operation again if surpass set-point.

In the impelling process of first step A, cylinder can only rotate along a direction, also can rotate several times by positive and negative both direction.Two-way Rotation With Changing to the time stall in short-term, last direction is identical with the direction of dewatering, and not stall after finishing, and directly carries out accelerator gradually.

The effect of homogenising process and the proterties of material---particularly the adhesive of storeroom---have much relations.Behind the clothes washing, moisture is very big usually, and the adhesive between the clothing is also bigger, and the effect of carrying out the homogenising operation for the first time is often not ideal enough, is provided with pre-dehydration for this reason.Pre-dehydration allows cylinder realize with the 3rd rotating speed rotation a period of time.After the pre-dehydration, carry out vibration detection, return the first step as if transfiniting because of vibration, because this moment, material moisture reduced, adhesive also reduces, and carries out the homogenising operation once more, and effect is preferably arranged usually.Certainly better if carry out the effect of homogenising operation for the first time, vibrate lessly, then needn't carry out homogenising once more and operate, can directly carry out high speed dewatering.

Be to reduce the influence of resonance effect, after the homogenising operation is finished, should be rapidly with drum rotation speed by second rotating speed that is lower than resonant speed, rise to the 3rd rotating speed that is higher than resonant speed as early as possible.Because this accelerator has been passed through the resonance region, so stablize a period of time at the 3rd rotating speed place, is pre-dehydration, also can further eliminate the influence of resonance.Carry out vibration detection afterwards, can be more accurate the effect of judgement homogenising operation.

Because the more close resonance region of the 3rd rotating ratio the 4th rotating speed, and moisture is bigger when the 3rd rotating speed, and therefore, little unlike the Oscillation Amplitude of locating more at a high speed usually at the Oscillation Amplitude at the 3rd rotating speed place, detect vibration this moment is very effective.Test shows: if the vibration detection in the 3rd step is passed through, can both finish the fully dehydrating process basically, the situation of returning the first step in the 4th step is considerably less.

The 4th rotating speed is final dehydrating speed, also is the maximum (top) speed of equipment usually.Whole dehydration is by the block representation of Fig. 3, and its rate curve is seen Fig. 2, and among the figure, [L1] is impelling, falling process, and [L2] is that layering overlays process.

With said method and flow process establishment is program, can be made into control device; This control device is applied to equipment such as tumbling-box washing machine, dryer, centrifuge, the equipment of can be accomplished above-mentioned homogenising operation and whole dehydration.

This control device comprises parts such as controller, vibrating detector, speed detector, speed regulator.Vibrating detector is installed on the urceolus or balancer of cylinder, detects the vibration of roller assembly.Controller, speed regulator are installed on the shell of equipment such as tumbling-box washing machine, centrifugal dehydrator, can be made as one.Controller realizes that by single-chip microcomputer and corresponding control programs the signal that it receives vibrating detector sends control signal to adjuster.Means such as the size of the voltage of adjuster by regulating motor in the said equipment, electric current, waveform, the rotary speed of index drum makes it carry out dehydrating operations by preceding method and flow process.For saving space, the dehydration action that the control device index drum carries out no longer repeats.

By redesign, making, can realize above-mentioned control device, this is a kind of feasible technical scheme.In order to make full use of prior art, also on---particularly adopting the type of mechanical process controller---, to install additional at existing type, the present invention also provides the solution of following minute body structure.

Split organization plan provided by the invention is: the single-chip microcomputer and the accessory circuit that will include above-mentioned dehydration control program are made the dehydration controller, after being serially connected in existing cyclelog, that is: the dehydration of cyclelog control output signal is connected to dehydration controller input, after the dehydration controller is handled, again by the output of dehydration controller, the dehydration controller produces required control signal, and aforesaid dehydrating operations is implemented in the action of control rate adjuster, motor.

For ease of implementing, will realize that parts such as above-mentioned homogenising is operated and dehydration is necessary dehydration controller, vibrating detector, speed detector, speed regulator make dehydration control apparatus separately; Original control device is called time sequence control device; Dehydration control apparatus is connected in series with time sequence control device, and controlled by time sequence control device: when not carrying out dehydrating operations, dehydration control apparatus is not worked or is pass-through state, finishes into work such as water, washing, draining by time sequence control device control; When carrying out dehydrating operations, finish dehydration work by dehydration control apparatus control.Particularly, slightly variant to the roller washing machine of two class different structures.

The first kind is the washing machine that self has continuous rotational speed regulation function, comprises the washing machine that adopts series excited machine, frequency control motor, dc brushless motor etc., and they all contain speed regulator, and only needing to change its setting value is adjustable speed.At this moment, dehydration control apparatus comprises controller, vibrating detector, speed detector etc., original dewatering speed setting signal is received dehydration control apparatus,, the rate setting signal of dehydration control apparatus is received original speed regulator as its control signal.Like this, when not carrying out dehydrating operations, dehydration control apparatus is not worked, and speed regulator and motor are directly controlled by the cyclelog of time sequence control device; When carrying out dehydrating operations, speed regulator and motor are controlled by the controller of dehydration control apparatus, and carry out aforesaid homogenising dehydrating operations.

Second class is the washing machine that self does not have continuous rotational speed regulation function, adopts double-speed motor usually.At this moment, dehydration control apparatus comprises controller, vibrating detector, speed detector, speed regulator; Dehydration control apparatus is serially connected with between time sequence control device and the motor, that is: each motor-driven output line of time sequence control device is connected with the input of dehydration control apparatus respectively, and each motor-driven output line of dehydration control apparatus is connected with motor respectively; Dehydration control apparatus is controlled by time sequence control device; When not carrying out dehydrating operations, dehydration control apparatus is pass-through state, and motor is directly controlled by time sequence control device; When carrying out dehydrating operations, dehydration control apparatus disconnection motor is connected with time sequence control device, and motor is connected on the speed regulator, and motor is controlled by dehydration control apparatus, and carries out aforesaid homogenising dehydrating operations.

In addition, its connection can be adopted inserting mode, and former program controller, speed regulator or double-speed motor adopt plug and socket respectively, and when not adopting homogenising dehydration control apparatus provided by the invention, directly grafting gets final product mutually; The input of this device is also adopted corresponding plug and socket with output line, when adding this device, directly is plugged between the plug, socket of former program controller, speed regulator or double-speed motor and gets final product.

Another technical scheme provided by the invention is: vibrating detector is made of mercoid switch, lead-in wire and shell; Mercoid switch has disconnection and closed two states; Vibrating detector is installed on urceolus or the balancer; The incline direction that the back mercoid switch is in vertical direction or near vertical is installed; When roller assembly friction or vibration hour, mercoid switch is in a kind of state, when vibration was big, mercoid switch had an opportunity to be in the state of another kind of opposition.

Mercoid switch is the hollow glass tube of a bit of sealing, in adorn a water silver, glass tube one end has two electrodes.When mercury ball contacted two electrodes, two electrodes were communicated with, switch closure; When not contacting, switch disconnects.During installation, mercoid switch is in vertical direction, can make two electrodes be positioned at the upper end, as Fig. 4.Friction or vibration hour, mercury ball is in the lower end, switch disconnects; When vibration was big, the mercury ball bob was when mercury ball takeoffs when touching two electrodes switch closure.The takeoff position that touches two electrodes of mercury ball is about 5～10 millimeters with the position height difference that is still in the lower end.Certainly mercoid switch also can oppositely be installed, and promptly two electrodes are positioned at the lower end, friction or vibration hour, switch closure, when vibration was big, switch disconnected, and same, its difference in height is 5～10 millimeters, at this moment two electrodes should have certain length, are switch closed condition when guaranteeing small vibration, as Fig. 5.

The appropriate design external circuit, the switching that can detect mercoid switch changes.As Fig. 4,5, mercoid switch is connected with a resistance, this is connected in series between power supply and the ground, its serial connection point is connected with the interrupt pin of single-chip microcomputer, so just the switching of mercoid switch is transformed to the height variation of serial connection point voltage, interrupt pin by single-chip microcomputer is caught, and forms the interrupt signal of single-chip microcomputer, thereby realizes vibration detection.

Roller assembly is vertically normally different with the Oscillation Amplitude of horizontal direction, and amplitude distribution is similar to the ellipticity that is inclination after tested, as Fig. 6-1.Utilize this characteristic can regulate the sensitivity of vibrating detector: when the incline direction of mercoid switch was the transverse direction, as the position of Fig. 6-2, sensitivity was higher; During for short-axis direction, as the position of Fig. 6-3, sensitivity is lower.In addition, tilt also will weaken the effect of gravity, improve sensitivity.For this reason, another technical scheme provided by the invention is: mercoid switch is fixed on one adjusts on the piece [14], by regulating the position of adjusting piece, regulate the angle of inclination of mercoid switch, realization sensitivity is regulated, as Fig. 7.

Electric machine speed regulation is to realize by the voltage of control motor or electric current, but influenced by the dispersiveness of the parameter of electric machine and loading condition, and its precision is limited, and it is better usually to introduce the speed feedback effect, at this moment needs detection speed.The method of detection speed is a lot, and commonly used have speed measuring motor, rotary encoder, a hall device etc., also can adopt the motor of band speed measuring motor.These methods or need the existing parts of change, perhaps cost higher (as rotary encoder), inconvenience is directly used, or inconvenience is installed additional on existing washing machine.A kind of scheme of installing additional on existing washing machine, cost is low be convenient to below is provided.

Another technical scheme provided by the invention is: in the drive pulley side of cylinder, a metal induction type is installed near switch, this aims at the spoke of belt pulley near the inductive switching district.When belt pulley rotated, spoke was inswept near the induction zone before the switch, produced output signal near switch, by measuring this output signal frequency or pulse width, can calculate the rotating speed of cylinder.

The metal induction type is a kind of mass-produced standard product near switch, and cost is lower, also is convenient to install.When metal is positioned at the induction zone of its front end, can produce output signal, distance of reaction is usually at 3～5 millimeters.Belt pulley is generally the flange plate-like, and 3～6 width of cloth bars are arranged usually, will be exactly rotating speed divided by width of cloth bar number near the frequency of switch output signal, can realize the non-cpntact measurement of rotating speed like this.

Use the method for the invention, the condition an of necessity is that the rotating speed of rotary container (cylinder) can be regulated as required, devices such as this washing machine to employing series excited machine, dc speed-regulating motor, dc brushless motor, frequency control motor etc., centrifugal dehydrator can be easy to accomplish, only need to set end at its speed regulator and add that correspondent voltage or electric current get final product., have a large amount of roller washing machines to adopt double-speed motor, the speed governing problem will become another difficult problem that need solve.For this reason:

Another technical scheme provided by the invention is: adopt the method for pulse width modulation (PWM) to realize speed governing.Specifically be, with the low speed of double-speed motor as second rotating speed, at a high speed as the 4th rotating speed, by the periodically downward speed governing of method of the one or more coil currents of short-time switching-off motor, form first rotating speed and the 3rd rotating speed respectively, and,, realize of the approximate continuous adjusting of first rotating speed to second rotating speed, the 3rd rotating speed to the four rotating speeds by regulating dutycycle.

Be to realize above-mentioned functions, the structure of adjuster is: each winding of motor is connected in series a controlled switch respectively, can be communicated with or disconnect being connected of winding and power supply, with realization pulse width modulation.Because the high, low speed winding is not worked simultaneously, can respectively the main and auxiliary winding of high, low speed be connected to the switching relay of a DPDT, two controlled switch of relay two public terminations are to reduce the controlled switch number.

When adopting the pulse width modulation speed governing, motor will have three kinds of states: all conductings of the main and auxiliary winding of the first, and this is a normal mode, at this moment motor produces the moment maximum; It two is one of them conducting of main and auxiliary winding, and this is a single-phase mode, and at this moment motor produces a less moment; It three is the not conductings of main and auxiliary winding, and this is a park mode, and at this moment motor does not produce moment.During single-phase mode, high, low speed is slightly had any different, and below discusses respectively.

The low speed winding of double-speed motor, usually constitute by low speed main winding, the auxilliary winding of low speed, low speed public winding, be Y-connection, public winding connecting to neutral line, the low speed main winding line of starting to exchange fire, the auxilliary winding of low speed is by the electric capacity line of starting to exchange fire, by the phase shift effect of electric capacity, in three coils, form three-phase current, thereby produce rotating excitation field.When main and auxiliary winding has only a conducting, there is electric current to pass through in this winding and the public winding, two winding current phase places are identical, produce pulsating field.

The high speed winding of double-speed motor usually is made of the high speed main winding of quadrature, at a high speed auxilliary winding, the high speed main winding line of starting to exchange fire, at a high speed auxilliary winding is by the electric capacity line of starting to exchange fire, by the phase shift effect of electric capacity, in two coils, form the biphase current of phase difference 90 degree, thereby produce rotating excitation field.When having only a winding conducting, also produce pulsating field.

Dual rotary theory according to monophase machine, sinuous pulsation magnetic field can be decomposed into two opposite rotating excitation fields of rotation direction, the amplitude of rotating excitation field has only half of pulsating field amplitude, so the moment of double-speed motor when working with single-phase mode is approximate has only half of normal mode.

When adopting the pulse width modulation speed governing, according to required moment size, motor is switched: if required moment is greater than the moment of single-phase mode between normal mode, single-phase mode, park mode, then make one to be connected, another carries out pulsewidth modulation mutually, motor switches between normal mode and single-phase mode, the moment of normal mode moment that motor output is bigger and less single-phase mode; If required moment less than the moment of single-phase mode, then makes one to disconnect mutually, another carries out pulsewidth modulation mutually, and motor switches between single-phase mode and park mode, motor output single-phase mode moment and zero moment.Integrate, the electromagnetic torque of motor output ripple, its mean value are required moment.

Description establishes an equation under the rotation of motor and cylinder is roughly available:

$J\frac{d}{\mathrm{dt}}\mathrm{\&Omega;}+R_{\mathrm{\&Omega;}}\mathrm{\&Omega;}=T_e-T_0-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="T"\; filenames="A20041003318600241.png,A20041003318600251.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_1$

Wherein: Ω is an angular speed, and J is a rotary inertia, T _eBe electromagnetic torque, T ₀Be internal drag torque, T ₁Be load resistance torque, R _ΩBe the damped coefficient relevant with angular speed.

Hence one can see that, changes electromagnetic torque T by pulsewidth modulation _e, just can pilot angle speed Ω.Because T _eFor what pulse, angular speed Ω also can produce fluctuation, if but T _eThe cycle of pulsation, the fluctuation of angular speed can be ignored more in short-term.

Explanation in passing: under normal conditions, the pulsation of torque is bad, and when homogenising was operated, the pulsation of torque was helpful to the loose and dispersion of material.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, by the control rotating speed carry out impelling, fall, layering overlays process, realizes the even distribution of materials such as clothing, adopts in advance that means assurance materials such as dehydration, vibration detection evenly distribute, and produces dehydrating effect preferably.Adopt mercoid switch to carry out vibration detection, carry out speed near switch and detect, pulse-width modulation method is realized speed governing, and is simple and practical.

Description of drawings

Physical process schematic diagram such as Fig. 1 is impelling, fall, layering overlays.

Fig. 2 is embodiment one a dehydration rate curve schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is embodiment one a dehydrating operations flow chart.

Fig. 4 is an open type mercoid switch vibrating detector schematic diagram.

Fig. 5 is a closed type mercoid switch vibrating detector schematic diagram.

Fig. 6 is mercoid switch vibrating detector sensitivity Principles of Regulation schematic diagrames.

Fig. 7 is a mercoid switch vibrating detector structural representation.

Fig. 8 is a mercoid switch vibrating detector scheme of installation.

Fig. 9 is that embodiment two is control device structural representations.

Figure 10 is embodiment three control device structural representations.

Figure 11 is embodiment four control device structural representations.

Figure 12 is embodiment two dehydration rate curve schematic diagrames.

Figure 13 is embodiment seven, eight dehydration rate curve schematic diagrames.

Figure 14 is near switch installation site front schematic view.

Figure 15 is near switch installation site side schematic view.

Figure 16 is embodiment five control device circuit theory diagrams.

Figure 17 is embodiment six control device circuit theory diagrams.

Figure 18 is embodiment seven control device circuit theory diagrams.

Figure 19 is embodiment eight control device circuit theory diagrams.

Among the figure: 1. rotary container, 2. trajectory of projection, A. projection, B. drop point, A '. position, projection when material falls, V. linear velocity, Vx. linear velocity horizontal component, Vy. linear velocity vertical component, g. acceleration of gravity, θ. projection angle, β. drop point angle N ₁. first rotating speed, N ₂. second rotating speed, N ₃. the 3rd rotating speed, N ₄. the 4th rotating speed, S11, S12, S13, S21, S22, S31, S32, S33, S41, S42. dehydration HgK. mercoid switch, 11. mercury ball, 12. mercoid switch electrode, 13. vibrating detector output, 14. adjustment slide block, 15. axle, 16. chute, 17. lock-screw, the controller 18. base, 19. balance weight U1. dewater, single-chip microcomputer, the U2. speed regulation integrated circuit, U3, U4. optocoupler, U5. comparator, U6. three terminal regulator, U7. zero cross fired light controllable silicon, U8. trigger the light controllable silicon at random, T1, T2. controllable silicon S1, S2, S3, S4, S5. switch, J1, J11, J12, J13, J14. relay, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8. resistance, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7. electric capacity JK1, JK2, JK3, JK4, JK5, JK11, JK12. socket JP1, JP2, JP3, JP4, JP5, JP11, JP12. plug

The specific embodiment

The embodiment of the homogenization method that proposes below in conjunction with description of drawings the present invention, dewatering, control device.

Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are the embodiment 1 that proposes according to the present invention, are the embodiment of homogenization method and dewatering.

Fig. 3 is the flow chart of dewatering, and Fig. 2 is its corresponding rate curve.As Fig. 3, after the dehydration beginning, carry out the operation of first step homogenising earlier, divide three sub-steps: [S11] rotates a period of time with first rotating speed [N1], carries out impelling, falling process; [S12] gradual slow accelerates to second rotating speed [N2], carries out layering and overlays process; [S13] rotates a period of time with second rotating speed [N2].[S11], [S12] process be curve [L1], [L2] of corresponding diagram 2 respectively, also constitutes homogenization method.[S13] is transient process, can omit.Carry out the pre-dehydration of second step afterwards, divide two sub-steps: [S21] accelerates to the 3rd rotating speed [N3] fast, passes through the resonance region fast; [S22] rotates a period of time with the 3rd rotating speed [N3], dewaters in advance.Carry out the 3rd step vibration detection then: [S31] opens vibration detection, and [S32] judges whether Oscillation Amplitude transfinites, and returns the first step if vibration detection is closed in the execution [S33] of transfiniting.Carry out the main dehydration of the 4th step at last: [S41] accelerates to the 4th rotating speed [N4] gradually, and [S42] rotates a period of time with the 4th rotating speed [N4], leads dehydration up to end, carries out vibration detection therebetween always.Each rotating speed, time are set by aforementioned requirement, no longer repeat.

Fig. 9, Figure 12 are the embodiment 2 that proposes according to the present invention, are the embodiment of integrated control unit.

Control device is by parts such as controller, vibrating detector, speed detector, speed regulators.Vibrating detector is installed on the urceolus of cylinder, detects the vibration of roller assembly.Controller, speed regulator are installed on the shell of tumbling-box washing machine, and both are made as one.Means such as the size of the voltage of adjuster by regulating motor, electric current, waveform, the rotary speed of index drum.Controller realizes that by single-chip microcomputer and corresponding control programs the signal that it receives vibrating detector, speed detector sends control signal to adjuster, and carries out dehydrating operations by the rate curve of Figure 12.When as different from Example 1, carrying out impelling, falling process cylinder with first speed double to rotation.Other actions are substantially the same manner as Example 1, no longer repeat for saving space.Control device is also carried out operations such as washing, water inlet, draining, because of irrelevant with the present invention, does not describe in detail.

Figure 10 is the embodiment 3 that proposes according to the present invention, is a kind of embodiment of split structure control device, is used to adopt series excited machine, dc speed-regulating motor, frequency control motor, dc brushless motor etc. to contain the washing machine of speed regulator.

As figure, control device is made of dehydration control apparatus and time sequence control device two large divisions, and time sequence control device adopts existing cyclelog, speed regulator, and dehydration control apparatus comprises dehydration controller, vibrating detector, speed detector.The dewatering speed setting signal of cyclelog is received the dehydration controller, as its control signal, the rate setting signal of dehydration controller is received speed regulator.When not carrying out dehydrating operations, dehydration control apparatus is not worked, and speed regulator and motor are directly controlled by cyclelog; When carrying out dehydrating operations, speed regulator and motor are controlled by the dehydration controller, and carry out dehydrating operations by aforementioned flow process.

Figure 11 is the embodiment 4 that proposes according to the present invention, is the embodiment of another kind of split structure control device, is used to adopt double-speed motor etc. not contain the washing machine of speed regulator.

As figure, control device is made of dehydration control apparatus and time sequence control device two large divisions, and time sequence control device adopts existing cyclelog, and dehydration control apparatus comprises dehydration controller, vibrating detector, speed detector, speed regulator.Each motor-driven output line of cyclelog is connected with the input of speed regulator respectively, and each motor-driven output line of speed regulator is connected with motor respectively.Also has change-over switch in the speed regulator.When not carrying out dehydrating operations, speed regulator is pass-through state, and motor is directly controlled by cyclelog; When carrying out dehydrating operations, the dehydration controller sends signal, and speed regulator disconnection motor is connected with cyclelog, and motor is connected on the speed regulator, and motor is controlled by speed regulator, and carries out dehydrating operations by aforementioned flow process.

Figure 16 is the embodiment 5 that proposes according to the present invention, is the further pre-ferred embodiment of embodiment 2, is used to adopt the roller washing machine of series excited machine, the part related to the present invention of only having drawn among the figure.

As figure, controller is realized by single-chip microcomputer [U1]; Vibrating detector is made of mercoid switch [HgK], biasing resistor [R1], electric capacity [C1], and its output connects the interrupt pin of single-chip microcomputer [U1]; Speed detector is by speed measuring motor [TG], resistance [R3], electric capacity [C3], comparator [U5], potentiometer [W1], resistance [R8], triode [Q3], optocoupler [U4], electric capacity formations such as [C2]; Speed regulator by bidirectional triode thyristor [T1], speed regulation integrated circuit [U2] (TDA1085C) and peripheral circuit constitute.

Vibrating detector constitutes its structure such as Fig. 7 by mercoid switch, adjustment piece [14], shaft screw [15], base [18], lock-screw [17].Mercoid switch is fixed on to be adjusted on the piece.Adjusting on the piece has chute [16], and screw [15] turns an angle around the shaft, thereby adjusts the angle of inclination of mercoid switch, realizes the adjusting of vibration detection sensitivity.Adjust the back by shaft screw [15], lock-screw [17] locking.Vibrating detector is installed on the balancer [19] of urceolus, as Fig. 8.

The vibration detection operation principle is: vibration hour mercoid switch disconnects, and the singlechip interruption pin is a high level, does not have and interrupts; The instantaneous connection of mercoid switch when vibration is big produces instantaneous low level on the singlechip interruption pin, cause and interrupt.

Speed testing principle is: speed measuring motor [TG] produces the pulse signal that is directly proportional with rotating speed, through resistance [R3], electric capacity [C3] LPF, after the Schmidt circuit shaping that comparator [U5], potentiometer [W1], resistance [R8], triode [Q3], optocoupler [U4] etc. constitute, produce the pulse signal that is directly proportional with rotating speed on [PB1] of controller [U1] pin, controller [U1] is measured its frequency and is recorded rotating speed.Regulator potentiometer [W1] can be regulated sensitivity.

Speed is regulated operation principle: [PB2] pin output pulse width modulation (PWM) signal of single-chip microcomputer [U1], amplify through optocoupler [U3], triode [Q1], electric capacity [C5] [C6], resistance [R5] [R6] LPF, on speed regulation integrated circuit [U2] pin 5, produce setting voltage, [U2] regulates the angle of flow of bidirectional triode thyristor [T1], realizes speed governing.In addition, [PB3] pin output signal of single-chip microcomputer [U1] by resistance [R7], triode [Q2] control relay [J1], can change direction of motor rotation.

In the controller [U1] control program is arranged, adopt the flow chart of Fig. 3 to carry out dehydrating operations, open interruption during [S31] step in the flow chart, [S33] step is finished by interrupt service routine, and [S32] step is actually to be caused by vibrating detector interrupts finishing.

In this example, about 0.25 meter of radius roller, corresponding first separates the about 60rpm of rotating speed.The about 45rpm of actual first rotating speed, about 10 seconds of time, the about 85rpm of second rotating speed, about 10 seconds of acceleration time, the about 300rpm of the 3rd rotating speed, about 8 seconds of pre-dewatering time.

Figure 17 is the embodiment 6 that proposes according to the present invention, is the further pre-ferred embodiment of embodiment 3, also is embodiment 5 to be carried out splitization design.The part related to the present invention of only having drawn among the figure.

Present embodiment and embodiment 5 each several part structures are basic identical, have just adopted the split design.As figure, that the circuit with dashed lines is divided into is left and right, upper and lower, in five parts: the left side is a dehydration control apparatus, comprises dehydration controller, vibrating detector, speed detector etc.; The right is original speed regulator; The top is original mechanical process controller partial circuit; Bottom is a motor; The centre is a plug component.When connecting dehydration control apparatus, plug [JP1] is pegged graft respectively with [JK5] with [JK4], [JP5] with [JK3], [JP4] with [JK2], [JP3] with socket [JK1], [JP2]; [JP2] pegs graft respectively with [JK4] with [JK1], [JP5] when not connecting dehydration control apparatus, and [JK3] is unsettled.

The operation principle of present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 5, and same section no longer repeats, and only describes the difference part below.

The mechanical process controller of top has five switches [S1], [S2], [S3], [S4], [S5], be used to set rotating speed of motor, arbitrary moment has only a conducting at most, by the resistor network of speed regulator, produces speed setting voltage on speed regulation integrated circuit [U2] pin 5.Wherein [S1], [S2] are that two retaining dewatering speeds are set.When not connecting dewater unit, [JP2] and [JK1] can recover original function.When connecting dewater unit, [S1], [S2] disconnect with resistor network, are connected with dewater unit.When not dewatering, [S1], [S2] are off-state, and dewater unit is not worked because of there being power supply, and this moment, speed regulator still can be by [S3], [S4], [S5] operation.During dehydration, [S1], [S2] one of them conducting, dewater unit is communicated with power supply and starts working, [PB2] pin output pulse width modulation (PWM) signal of single-chip microcomputer [U1], amplify through optocoupler [U3], triode [Q1], electric capacity [C5] [C6], resistance [R5] [R6] LPF produce setting voltage on speed regulation integrated circuit [U2] pin 5, the control motor speed.

Relay [J1], triode [Q2], resistance [R7], plug [JP4] [JP5], socket [JK4] circuit such as [JP5] are used to change direction of motor rotation, so that realize the rate curve of Figure 12.If only realize the rate curve of Fig. 2, this part circuit can omit, because the commutation during washing is to realize that by the reversing switch [K2] of cyclelog these are different with embodiment 5.

Figure 18 is embodiment 7, is the further pre-ferred embodiment of embodiment 4, is used to adopt the washing machine of double-speed motor.

In this example, time sequence control device adopts existing cyclelog, and the circuit between plug [JP11] and the socket [JK12] is a dehydration control apparatus, also adopts inserting mode to connect.When dehydration control apparatus was installed, plug [JP11] was connected respectively with socket [JK12] with socket [JK11], plug [JP12]; When not installing, plug [JP12] directly is connected with socket [JK11], can recover original state.1～4 pin of each plug, socket is respectively the auxilliary winding of dehydration, dehydration main winding, the auxilliary winding of washing, washing main winding.

In the dehydration control apparatus, vibrating detector is with preceding identical.Speed detector is the NPN triode by constituting near switch [SK], resistance [R8] near output switching terminal.Near the spoke of switch [SK] induction zone aligning belt pulley, when belt pulley rotated, spoke was inswept near the induction zone before the switch, produced make-and-break signal near the output switching terminal triode, and [R8] is transformed to voltage signal by resistance, measured by single-chip microcomputer [U1].

Figure 14, Figure 15 show the installation site near switch.As figure, be installed near switch [21] on the support [24] of belt pulley [23] side, support [24] is fixed on the urceolus [25].Aim at width of cloth bar [22] near the inductive switching end.Near switch apart from width of cloth treaty 1 millimeter, about 4 millimeters of distance of reaction, width of cloth bar can inswept induction zone during rotation.

Relay [J11], [J12] realize handoff functionality: during washing, [J12] normally-closed contact is communicated with, and cyclelog directly is communicated with motor washing winding; During the homogenising operation, [J11] normally-closed contact, [J12] normally opened contact are communicated with, and speed regulator is communicated with motor washing winding; When pre-dehydration, main dehydration, [J11] normally opened contact is communicated with, and speed regulator is communicated with motor dehydration winding.

Relay [J13], bidirectional triode thyristor [T1], zero cross fired light activated power thyristor [U7] (MOC3041) etc. constitute pulse width modulation circuit.Relay connects auxiliary winding, and controllable silicon connects main winding.Under single-chip microcomputer [U1] control, current of electric is modulated, realize speed governing.

Relay [J14] sends a status signal to cyclelog, makes cyclelog operate, stop timing when dewatering in advance in homogenising, avoids so cause main dewatering time shortening.

The power supply of dehydration control apparatus is taken from the dehydration main winding output of cyclelog, thereby controlled by cyclelog: when not dewatering, and this output no-voltage, dehydration control apparatus is not worked; During dehydration, 220 volts of voltages of this output output through step-down, rectification, (78L05) voltage stabilizing of three terminal regulator [U6], obtain 12 volts, 5 volts DC voltages, dehydration control apparatus work.

During dehydration, with the low speed of double-speed motor as second rotating speed, at a high speed as the 4th rotating speed, regulate the downward speed governing of method of dutycycle by current of electric, form first rotating speed and the 3rd rotating speed respectively, and,, realize of the approximate continuous adjusting of first rotating speed to second rotating speed, the 3rd rotating speed to the four rotating speeds by continuous adjusting dutycycle.Drum rotation speed is undertaken by Figure 13 curve, and to compare the incipient stage different with Fig. 2, and cylinder is to start with second rotating speed earlier, speed governing to the first rotating speed downwards then, and this is that the less situation that causes starting of moment occurs when avoiding pulsewidth modulation.

In this example, about 0.25 meter of radius roller, corresponding first separates the about 60rpm of rotating speed.The about 45rpm of actual first rotating speed, about 10 seconds of time, the about 67rpm of second rotating speed, about 10 seconds of acceleration time, the about 300rpm of the 3rd rotating speed, about 8 seconds of pre-dewatering time.It is low that second rotating speed is slightly disliked, and this is the lower cause of low speed of double-speed motor itself.

Entire work process is summarized as follows: when not dewatering, dehydration control apparatus is not worked, and [J12] normally-closed contact is communicated with, and cyclelog directly is communicated with motor low speed winding, can wash.During dehydration, 2 pin of [JP11] get electric, dehydration control apparatus work.Single-chip microcomputer is powered with the timing of shut down procedure controller to [J14] earlier, and to [J12] power supply, [J12] normally opened contact is communicated with again, and motor low speed winding is communicated with [T1], [J13] contact.Single-chip microcomputer is opened [T1], [J13], and---second rotating speed---starts so motor is with low speed.Single-chip microcomputer adds pwm signal to [T1] then, downward speed governing to the first rotating speed operation of motor 10 seconds.Single-chip microcomputer strengthens the dutycycle of pwm signal gradually then, and motor is speed governing to the second rotating speed gradually, about 10 seconds of acceleration time.Single-chip microcomputer cuts out [T1], [J13] then, and it is electric to allow [J12] outage, [J11] get, and makes motor high speed winding be communicated with [T1], [J13] contact, opens [T1], [J13] again, and motor quickens rapidly.When rotating speed rose to the 3rd rotating speed, single-chip microcomputer added pwm signal to [T1], and motor keeps the 3rd rotating speed, carried out pre-dewatering time about 8 seconds.Single-chip microcomputer is opened interruption then, carries out vibration detection.Do not interrupt producing if having, single-chip microcomputer strengthens the dutycycle of pwm signal gradually, and motor is speed governing to the four rotating speeds gradually.Stop power supply then to [J14], the timing of recovery routine controller, and keep the 4th rotating speed.The cyclelog timing to after cut off the electricity supply, dehydration finishes.Interrupt producing if having therebetween, the expression Oscillation Amplitude is excessive, and interrupt service routine is closed interruption, close [T1], [J13], it is electric to allow [J11] outage, [J12] get, and makes motor low speed winding be communicated with [T1], [J13] contact again, open [T1], [J13] again, carry out the homogenising operation again.

Figure 19 is the embodiment 8 that proposes according to the present invention, is the simplification of embodiment 7.

This example has been done simplification to the commutation circuit of embodiment 7, and the corresponding output with cyclelog of motor low speed winding directly is communicated with.This generally is fine to mechanical process controller, and its output is normally unsettled during because of dehydration; Then to decide computermatic cyclelog on its outlet internal structure.In this example, relay [J11] normally-closed contact is communicated with speed regulator with motor high speed winding, be used for pre-dehydration, main dehydration; During the homogenising operation, [J11] gets electric, and the normally opened contact closure is communicated with speed regulator with motor low speed winding.

In this example with bidirectional triode thyristor [T2], at random trigger light activated power thyristor [U8] (MOC3021) etc. circuit substituted relay [J13] and interlock circuit in the last example, this also is the another kind of implementation method of pulse width modulation circuit.

In addition, omitted relay [J14] and interlock circuit in the last example in this example, because of the time that homogenising operation, pre-dehydration take shorter, less to the influence of main dehydration.And because the effect of homogenising reduces the resistance of main dehydration, rotating speed increases, shortening that can the make-up time.

Other structure, principle, process etc. are all similar to precedent, no longer repeat.

Claims (10)

1. the method that distributes of a material homogenising, it can make the material in the container of level or the rotation of level of approximation central shaft realize that homogenising distributes, and is characterized in that:

With the rotary speed of container by first rotational speed N ₁Slowly accelerate to second rotational speed N ₂, make material in container, carry out layering pressing process, distribute to realize homogenising; First rotating speed, second rotating speed satisfy: N ₁＜N _F1＜N ₂

Wherein: $N_{F1}=\frac{60}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}\sqrt{g/r},$ Be the first separation rotating speed, rotating speed unit all is: rev/min,

R is the container inner wall radius, and g is an acceleration of gravity, and π is a pi.

2. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that:

Second rotational speed N ₂Satisfy: N _F2≤ N ₂＜N _x

Wherein: $N_{F2}=\frac{60}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}\sqrt{g/r_2},$ It is the second separation rotating speed; N _xResonance rotating speed for container;

r ₂For full load, when material is evenly filled along inwall, the least radius of material

3. according to claim 1,2 described methods, it is characterized in that:

Make container with first rotating speed rotation a period of time earlier, make material in container, repeatedly carry out impelling, falling process, reach the effect of loose and dispersed material, implement aforementioned slow acceleration operation then;

First rotational speed N wherein ₁Satisfy: $N_{F1}\sqrt{\sin (\mathrm{\&pi;}/6)}\&le;N_1\&le;N_{F1}\sqrt{\sin (\mathrm{\&pi;}/4)}$

4. the dehydration controlling method of equipment such as a tumbling-box washing machine, Water Extraction Machinery is characterized in that:

By the rotating speed of index drum, make it carry out dehydration as follows:

The first step, homogenising operation: carry out the operation of material homogenising by the described method of claim 3, comprising:

A: allow cylinder with first rotational speed N ₁Rotation a period of time makes material repeatedly carry out impelling, falling process in cylinder, reaches the effect of loose and dispersed material;

B: with the rotary speed of cylinder by first rotational speed N ₁Slowly accelerate to second rotational speed N ₂, make material in cylinder, carry out layering pressing process, distribute to realize homogenising; Acceleration time is the cylinder time in 5～15 weeks of rotation;

Wherein: first rotational speed N ₁Satisfy: $N_{F1}\sqrt{\sin (\mathrm{\&pi;}/6)}\&le;N_1\&le;N_{F1}\sqrt{\sin (\mathrm{\&pi;}/4)}$

Second rotational speed N ₂Satisfy: N _F2≤ N ₂＜N _x

$N_{F1}=\frac{60}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}\sqrt{g/r},$ $N_{F2}=\frac{60}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}\sqrt{g/r_2},$ N _xBe the resonance rotating speed of roller assembly,

R is the inner wall of rotary drum radius, r ₂Be the least radius of material when inwall is evenly filled at full capacity,

G is an acceleration of gravity, and π is a pi, and rotating speed unit all is: rev/min;

Second step, low speed dewater in advance: make the rotary speed of cylinder accelerate to the 3rd rotating speed rapidly by second rotating speed, keep the 3rd rotating speed rotation a period of time then; Wherein the 3rd rotating speed is greater than the resonance rotating speed of roller assembly, and certain dehydration is arranged, and Oscillation Amplitude is also little when material is inhomogeneous;

The 3rd step, vibration control: detect the Oscillation Amplitude of roller assembly,, close detection, return the first step, carry out the homogenising operation again if surpass set-point;

The 4th step, main dehydration at a high speed: progressively accelerate to the 4th rotating speed by the 3rd rotating speed, keep the given time of the 4th rotating speed rotation then, finish up to dehydration; Detect the Oscillation Amplitude of roller assembly in this step process always,, return the first step, carry out the homogenising operation again if surpass set-point.

5. the control device of equipment such as a tumbling-box washing machine, Water Extraction Machinery is installed in the equipment such as tumbling-box washing machine, Water Extraction Machinery, can control the rotary speed of motor, cylinder, makes it carry out dehydrating operations by the described method of claim 4, that is, it is characterized in that:

Comprise parts such as controller, speed regulator, vibrating detector, speed detector,

Comprise control program in the controller, can receive the signal of vibrating detector, speed detector, send signal to speed regulator; Means such as the size of the voltage of speed regulator by regulating motor in the aforementioned device, electric current, waveform, the rotating speed of index drum follows these steps to action, carries out dehydrating operations:

The first step: carry out the operation of material homogenising, comprising:

A: allow cylinder with first rotational speed N ₁Rotation a period of time makes material repeatedly carry out impelling, falling process in cylinder, reaches the effect of loose and dispersed material;

B: with the rotary speed of cylinder by first rotational speed N ₁Slowly accelerate to second rotational speed N ₂, make material in cylinder, carry out layering pressing process, distribute to realize homogenising; Acceleration time is the cylinder time in 5～15 weeks of rotation;

Wherein: first rotational speed N ₁Satisfy: $N_{F1}\sqrt{\sin (\mathrm{\&pi;}/6)}\&le;N_1\&le;N_{F1}\sqrt{\sin (\mathrm{\&pi;}/4)};$

Second rotational speed N ₂Satisfy: N _F2≤ N ₂＜N _x

$N_{F1}=\frac{60}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}\sqrt{g/r},$ $N_{F2}=\frac{60}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}\sqrt{g/r_2},$ N _xBe the resonant speed of roller assembly,

R is the inner wall of rotary drum radius, r ₂Be the least radius of material when inwall is evenly filled at full capacity,

G is an acceleration of gravity, and π is a pi, and rotating speed unit all is: rev/min;

Second step, low speed dewater in advance: make drum rotation speed accelerate to the 3rd rotating speed rapidly by second rotating speed, keep the 3rd rotating speed rotation a period of time then; Wherein the 3rd rotating speed is greater than the resonance rotating speed of roller assembly, and certain dehydration is arranged, and vibration is also little when material is inhomogeneous;

The 3rd step, vibration control: open vibrating detector, detect the Oscillation Amplitude of roller assembly,, close detection, return the first step, carry out the homogenising operation again if surpass set-point;

The 4th step, main dehydration at a high speed: make drum rotation speed progressively accelerate to the 4th rotating speed, keep the given time of the 4th rotating speed rotation then, finish up to dehydration by the 3rd rotating speed; Detect the Oscillation Amplitude of roller assembly in the said process always,, return the first step, carry out the homogenising operation again if surpass set-point.

6. roller washing machine control device according to claim 5 is characterized in that:

Described controller is made of cyclelog and dehydration controller; On dehydration control signal stream, both are series relationship, that is: the dehydration of cyclelog control output signal is connected to dehydration controller input, after the dehydration controller is handled, again by the output of dehydration controller;

The dehydration controller is made of single-chip microcomputer [U1] and accessory circuit, includes control software, can receive the signal of vibrating detector, speed detector, produces control signal, and the control rate adjuster is implemented the described dehydrating operations of claim 5.

7. according to claim 5,6 described devices, it is characterized in that:

Described vibrating detector is made of mercoid switch, lead-in wire and shell etc., is installed on the urceolus or balancer of roller washing machine, and the incline direction that the back mercoid switch is in vertical direction or near vertical is installed; Mercoid switch has and disconnects and closed two states, when roller assembly friction or vibration hour, mercoid switch is in a kind of state, when vibration was big, mercoid switch had an opportunity to be in the another kind of state that opposes; By detecting the state and the state variation of mercoid switch, realize that Oscillation Amplitude detects.

8. according to the described device of claim 7, it is characterized in that:

Described vibrating detector also comprises angular adjustment apparatus [14], can regulate the angle of inclination of mercoid switch by this device, thereby regulates the sensitivity of vibrating detector.

9. according to claim 5,6 described devices, be used for adopting the equipment of double-speed motor, it is characterized in that:

Described speed regulator is made of electronic switch, adopts the pulse-width modulation method speed governing: the method by the conducting of control current of electric, the length of turn-off time, promptly change dutycycle, and regulate the rotating speed of motor and cylinder;

As second speed, adopt pulse-width modulation method with the low speed of double-speed motor, speed governing downwards forms first speed, realizes impelling, falling process; Progressively change dutycycle then, upwards speed governing realizes that to second speed layering overlays process;

As the 4th speed, adopt pulse-width modulation method with the low speed of double-speed motor, speed governing downwards forms third speed, realizes pre-dehydration; Change dutycycle then, upwards speed governing to the four speed realize main dehydration.

10. according to claim 5,6 described devices, be used for adopting the equipment of flange plate-like belt pulley, it is characterized in that:

Described speed detector is installed in the belt pulley side of flange plate-like by constituting near switch and fixture, aims at the width of cloth bar of belt pulley near the induction zone of switch, with belt pulley as code-disc; When belt pulley rotated, its width of cloth bar entered and leaves induction zone successively, made near switch and produced output signal; By frequency or the pulse width that detects this signal, realization speed detects.

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