CN1677884A - Multi-path tracing method for WCDMA upstream special link-circuit - Google Patents
Multi-path tracing method for WCDMA upstream special link-circuit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Based on current measured synchronous state or out of synchronism state of going upward dedicated link, and mean position of current multidiameter searched by receiver, the disclosed method adjusts size of multidiameter search window and search range. The method raises performance of multidiameter searcher, and guarantees that multidiameter searcher carried out search within possible range at any time. Thus, the method reduces influence of multidiameter signal deflection on Rake receiving performance caused by factor such as movement of mobile user terminal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the multi-path tracing method in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) (WCDMA) mobile communication system, specially refer to the multi-path tracing method of WCDMA base stations in mobile communication system receiver upstream special link-circuit.
Background technology
The transmission feature of land wireless channel is to arrive receiver from the signal that same transmitter sends through different transmission paths.Because the difference of transmission path causes arriving the signal due in difference of receiving terminal, this has just produced multipath transmisstion.The signal strength signal intensity, the phase place that arrive receiver through different paths may be all different, and these signals superpose at receiving terminal and produced multipath fading, and this will have a strong impact on the performance of receiver.In order to improve the performance of receiver, the multipath signal that difference can be obtained constantly adopts modes such as high specific merging, equal gain combining to carry out diversity reception, and this receiver is called separating multiple diameter (Rake) receiver.
In the WCDMA system, the Rake receiver is its crucial part, and the Multipath searching module is the core that Rake receives.The Rake receiver generally adopts the two-stage search pattern to search for, and at first utilizes searcher (Searcher) to carry out synchronization acquistion just, and the first sync bit of locking carries out fine synchronization then.In order to carry out the diversity reception of multipath signal, at first need to search multipath signal, and when mobile environment changes, can follow the tracks of, to continue to obtain receptivity preferably to the multipath signal position.In the Multipath searching module, because the restriction of hardware condition, the search bandwidth is limited, but in the practical application, because the effective multipath according to the initial ranging acquisition disposes the randomness of window and mainly may be positioned at outside the search window by the multipath distribution that each propagation path produces and disappearance causes, as reducing this risk to bottom line, then search window need do very big.
Table 1 is measured the multipath delay representative value under the different mobile transmission environment that obtains with statistics for process.Multipath delay under various environment expansion representative value differs greatly as can be seen from Table 1, adapts to different mobile transmission channel environment in order to make the base station, gets wherein maximum 20us as the multipath search window size.Spreading rate is 3.84Mcps under WCDMA Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) (FDD) pattern, corresponding 76.8chips of 20us time period.In addition, according to the channel model setting of agreement 25.104 and 25.943, wherein the maximum multipath distribution is 76.9chips, and this scope can be thought the multipath distribution that industry is generally acknowledged, the multipath delay expansion that this and table 1 provide coincide.Generally desirable conservative value 80chips.
At present the searcher implementation method that modal search adds tracking among the WCDMA is: in search at first, search module can start an initial ranging, and its multipath signal of catching is as the initial distribution foundation of multipath distribution module.Afterwards, this search was undertaken by the parameter cycle of configuration.Search module needs its multipath phase place, and information such as energy are offered the multipath distribution module.The information that the multipath distribution module reports according to Multipath searching, the multipath of needs being followed the tracks of according to the energy principle of priority periodically updates, and it is passed to tracking module in real time.Tracking module will be followed the tracks of the phase place, day wire size of multipath etc. and issue demodulating unit.Demodulating unit utilization multipath information is wherein carried out Rake and is merged.
The major defect of prior art is as follows: the first, and prior art generally is searcher need be cut off when the multipath state exchange.Stopping and starting of searcher needs the regular hour, and this just causes, and searcher can't search multipath in a period of time.The second, the search window width of prior art is traditionally arranged to be fixing tens bigger chips, and this has reduced the search efficiency of searcher under the less situation of multipath delay expansion, and has strengthened the Multipath searching cycle.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of multi-path tracing method of upstream special link-circuit of the WCDMA of being used for system base station receiver, to solve the existing problem of prior art multi-path tracing method.Method of the present invention according to current wireless link synchronization/desynchronizing state of measuring and current search device search arrive the earliest multi-path location, the latest arrive multi-path location and quantize through multipath signal position and energy after the multipath mean place multipath search window is adjusted, to carry out the tracking of upstream special link-circuit multipath.
Multi-path tracing method of the present invention is mainly used in the first synchronous multipath tracking of Rake receiver, to guarantee that base station (Node B) can obtain effective multi-path location and energy information constantly, and with multipath give thin synchronously and demodulating unit handle, the inventive method is only applicable to the WCDMA mobile communication system of fdd mode, and only at the Multipath searching and the tracking of upstream special link-circuit under this pattern.Usually base station receiver adopts four multipaths to each road upstream special link-circuit.
A kind of multi-path tracing method that is used for the upstream special link-circuit of WCDMA system base station receiver of the present invention, this method comprises:
According to base station environment of living in initial average multipath delay expansion numerical value is set, and selects basic time delay expansion numerical value according to this numerical value;
Basic time delay expansion and average delay expansion sum and 80 chips of maximum possible multipath delay value are compared, get little one of numerical value among both as the base station receiver search window size;
Expand under the condition of sum less than 80 chips in basic time delay expansion and average delay:
Be chosen as the mode that each searcher distributes the hunting zone according to the multipath mean place, if the multipath mean place is less than basic time delay expansion and average delay expansion sum, then distribute preceding two searchers of hunting zone to begin to distribute separately the hunting zone that equals 1/2nd basic time delay expansion from frame start position earlier, the back distributes latter two searcher of hunting zone to distribute the hunting zone that equals the expansion of 1/2nd average delays separately after preceding two searcher hunting zones; If the multipath mean place is more than or equal to basic time delay expansion and average delay expansion sum, then preceding two searchers distribute the hunting zone that equals 1/2nd basic time delay expansion separately in multipath mean place both sides, and latter two searcher both sides outside preceding two searcher hunting zones are distributed the hunting zone that equals the expansion of 1/2nd average delays separately;
Expand under the condition of sum greater than 80 chips in basic time delay expansion and average delay:
With 80 chips as search window, the hunting zone of four searchers of mean allocation, and search window is from frame start position.
Above-mentioned multi-path tracing method of the present invention is characterized in that: expand under the condition of sum less than 80 chips in basic time delay expansion and average delay:
Before the mode that is chosen as each searcher distribution hunting zone, judge frequency pilot sign in 160 milliseconds of this upstream special link-circuits bit error rate whether greater than threshold value, if greater than threshold value then judge that this up link enters desynchronizing state, the search window size of receiver is expanded as basic time delay expansion from basic time delay expansion and average delay expansion sum expand sums with 1.5 times of average delays;
If current multipath mean place is less than basic time delay expansion and 1.5 times of average delay expansion sums, then distribute preceding two searchers of hunting zone to begin to distribute separately the hunting zone that equals 1/2nd basic time delay expansion from frame start position earlier, the back distributes latter two searcher of hunting zone to distribute the hunting zone that equals the expansion of 3/4ths average delays separately after preceding two searcher hunting zones; If the multipath mean place is more than or equal to basic time delay expansion and 1.5 times of average delay expansion sums, then preceding two searchers distribute the hunting zone that equals 1/2nd basic time delay expansion separately in multipath mean place both sides, and latter two searcher both sides outside preceding two searcher hunting zones are distributed the hunting zone that equals the expansion of 3/4ths average delays separately.
Above-mentioned multi-path tracing method of the present invention is characterized in that: the bit error rate threshold value that described judgement enters desynchronizing state is 30%.
Above-mentioned multi-path tracing method of the present invention is characterized in that: the frame start position parameter of upstream special link-circuit is issued the base station by radio network controller by signaling.
Multi-path tracing method of the present invention has improved the performance of multipath greatly, can guarantee that multipath is in the possible scope of multipath all the time searches for, and has reduced greatly because mobile subscriber terminal (UE) such as moves at multipath signal skew that factor the causes influence to the Rake receptivity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the base station receiver basic structure that multi-path tracing method of the present invention adopted;
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of searcher hunting zone allocative decision one in the multi-path tracing method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of searcher hunting zone allocative decision two in the multi-path tracing method of the present invention;
Fig. 4 A be in the multi-path tracing method of the present invention current multipath mean place less than the embodiment of the searcher hunting zone distribution method of search window 1/2nd;
Fig. 4 B be in the multi-path tracing method of the present invention current multipath mean place more than or equal to the embodiment of the searcher hunting zone distribution method of search window 1/2nd;
Fig. 5 A, 5B be in the multi-path tracing method of the present invention current multipath mean place more than or equal to the embodiment of the searcher hunting zone distribution method that enlarges back search window 1/2nd;
Fig. 6 A, 6B be in the multi-path tracing method of the present invention current multipath mean place more than or equal to the embodiment of the searcher hunting zone distribution method that enlarges back search window 1/2nd;
Embodiment
Base station receiver was issued the frame start position that radio link parameter in the signaling of base station (Node B) obtains the up-link wireless link when Radio Link was initially set up according to radio network controller (RNC), and search window begins search from this position.When the search window width was set, the multipath delay of keeping of need going bail for was expanded 80chips as the search window size.
The first sync bit that obtains is sent into thin tracking cell synchronously and demodulating unit is handled, obtain the pilot bits in the control channel of upstream special link-circuit correspondence.Pilot bits under every kind of time slot format is fixed, according to the frequency pilot sign bit error rate in the control channel carry out upstream special link-circuit synchronously/step-out measures.The method of measuring is the pilot tone bit error rate in the dedicated link control frame in the 160ms before calculating, and enters multipath synchronous searching pattern when the bit error rate that calculates is lower than certain threshold value (such as 25%).
After entering synchronous Multipath searching pattern, can be suitable reduce the search window size, and real-time multipath search window size and multipath mean place are upgraded, search window position and size are adjusted satisfying under the situation of certain condition, be centered around all the time around the multipath mean place to guarantee current multipath search window.If current multipath mean place is obtained by the mode that energy and position quantize by the fine synchronization unit, then search window position is repositioned onto around the mean place.The search window size that adopts under synchronous Multipath searching pattern with chip (chips) quantitaes is:
Search window size=min (80, α+average multipath delay expansion) (formula 1)
The unit of formula 1 is a number of chips, and in this formula 1, α is basic time delay expansion, and this parameter guarantees all will search at least α the search window that chip is wide under any state.According to formula 1, the receiver multipath search window is of a size of 80 chips or basic time delay expansion adds a smaller numerical value in the average multipath delay expansion sum.Generally can be according to the residing varying environment in base station, select the α value with reference to the average multipath delay expansion in the table 1, the α value specifically can be provided with according to the average multipath delay expanding value under the varying environment, and the α value is general selects 1 times of average multipath delay expanding value in the environment of living in.The average delay expanding value multi-path location of arrival the earliest that to be the thin tracking cell synchronously of multipath search according to search window and arrive multi-path location the latest and ask average acquisition, in order to obtain more accurate multipath average delay expanding value, generally get the multipath delay expanding value mean value in for example common several seconds of long period.For fear of the search window width of frequent adjustment searcher, when the average delay that obtains expansion during less than α/2 chip, it is α/2 chip that average delay is expanded assignment, the fixing search 1.5 α chip width of searcher this moment.If current multipath delay expanding value is during all the time less than α/2 chip, do not carry out the adjustment of Multipath searching window width, this causes the frequent adjustment of Multipath searching window width with regard to having been avoided less chip offset, and the maximum search window of searcher also is no more than 80 chips (chips) of maximum multipath time delay expansion correspondence under the typical environment, guarantees to search the time-delay position at multipath place.
When entering multipath synchronous searching pattern, the Multipath searching window position that distributes in the time of Radio Link need being set up is adjusted to around the current average multi-path location that obtains, and according to min (80, α+average delay expansion) the search window width is set.To embodiment shown in Figure 6, is example with four searchers (being labeled as Searcher1 to Searcher4 in the accompanying drawing) at Fig. 2 all, and multi-path tracing method of the present invention is elaborated.It should be noted that when entering synchronous Multipath searching pattern for the first time, around the multipath mean place, carry out the branch timing of multipath and need carry out different allocative decisions according to multipath mean place and multipath search window size different.The multipath mean place here is multipath signal position that arrives the earliest and the arithmetic average that arrives the multipath signal position the latest.Therefore, dividing timing according to the search window size to the concrete hunting zone of each searcher, need take different allocative decisions according to multipath mean place size, concrete distributive condition is as follows:
If
Multipath mean place 〉=min (80, α+average multipath delay expansion) (formula 2)
Selection scheme one;
Otherwise
Selection scheme two.
Scheme one is a distribution method shown in Figure 2, this scheme one method is respectively preceding two searchers (Searcher1 and the Searcher2) distribution that distributes the hunting zone earlier in average multi-path location both sides hunting zone is α/2 number of chips, is boundary in these two searcher hunting zones separately with average multi-path location.The back distributes latter two searcher (Searcher3 and Searcher4) of hunting zone then to search for a hunting zone that equals average half number of chips of multipath delay expanding value more separately in both sides, preceding two searcher hunting zones.
Scheme two is a distribution method shown in Figure 3, each distributes the hunting zone of α/2 number of chips to begin to be followed successively by two searchers (Searcher1 and Searcher2) from the 10ms frame start position, and two other searcher (Searcher3 and Searcher4) is then searched for a hunting zone that equals average half number of chips of multipath delay expanding value separately after preceding two searcher hunting zones.Generally speaking, at the base station receiver work initial stage, default configuration makes receiver adopt searcher hunting zone distribution method shown in Figure 3 at first automatically, then at the concrete numerical value according to the multipath mean place, searcher hunting zone distribution method is adjusted.
In addition, because the variation of the mobile and mobile environment of user terminal (UE) position, bigger variation also may take place in the multipath signal position, so that multi-path location drops on outside the current multipath search window.Therefore, another task of multipath tracking will be followed the tracks of the average multi-path location of multipath signal exactly, and make the search window setting be able to the multipath mean place is the center as far as possible.The method that the multipath mean place is followed the tracks of is, the multipath mean place and the preceding multipath mean place of once upgrading that are generally in several seconds according to one long period compare, when both difference surpasses α/2 chip, the multipath signal that means this moment might drop on outside the multipath search window, in time carry out the adjustment of multipath mean place, make multipath be distributed in multipath mean place both sides, the method for concrete adjustment multipath mean place as shown in Figure 4.In Fig. 4 A, the difference of previous multipath mean place and current multipath mean place is greater than α/2 chip, met the condition of adjusting each searcher hunting zone, therefore the hunting zone of four searchers is redistributed, obtain four searcher hunting zones shown in Fig. 4 B, guarantee that thus the multipath mean place is positioned at whole searcher receiver window mid portion, so that receiver is effectively followed the tracks of multipath signal.
When the synchronous/step-out by upstream special link-circuit measures this Radio Link and is in desynchronizing state, be that frequency pilot sign bit error rate in preceding 160 millimeters is greater than threshold value, for example bit error rate was greater than 30% o'clock, judge that then upstream special link-circuit enters the step-out pattern, indicate that actual multi-path location might drop on outside the present receiving machine search window.Then strengthen the searcher receiver window size in the case.Concrete expansion search window method is shown in Fig. 5,6, promptly the search range of preceding two searchers (Searcher1 and Searcher2) of distribution hunting zone is constant earlier, still be 1/2nd substrate time delay expansion, then distribute the hunting zone of latter two searcher (Searcher3 and Searcher4) of hunting zone to expand each searcher 3/4ths multipath average delay to by 1/2nd multipath average delays of original each searcher.
When the current multipath mean place of measuring more than or equal to α/2 and 3/4ths multipath average delay sum situations under, multipath mean place situation shown in Fig. 5 A promptly appears, then adopt the method for the expansion search window shown in Fig. 5 B, be the hunting zone that preceding two searchers (Searcher1 and Searcher2) distribute α/2 separately just, be respectively the hunting zone that latter two searcher (Searcher3 and Searcher4) distributes 3/4ths multipath average delays separately in both sides, preceding two searcher hunting zones in current multipath mean place both sides.
When the current multipath mean place of measuring less than α/2 and 3/4ths multipath average delay sum situations under, multipath mean place situation as shown in Figure 6A promptly appears, then adopt the method for the expansion search window shown in Fig. 6 B, just multipath tracking begins to search for from frame start position, be that preceding two searchers (Searcher1 and Searcher2) frame start position begins to distribute separately the hunting zone of α/2 number of chips, and be that latter two searcher (Searcher3 and Searcher4) distributes the hunting zone of 3/4ths multipath average delay number of chips separately.
Comprehensive foregoing, multi-path tracing method of the present invention the base station receiver initialization be according to the environmental condition option table 1 of this base station under this environment the corresponding number of chips of average multipath delay expansion compare as two multiple value of the expansion of the average delay under the initial condition 80 number of chips of maximum with the WCDMA standard code, select the search window of less numerical value, then the mode of each searcher of receiver being distributed the hunting zone according to average multi-path location selection as base station receiver.When detecting average multi-path location in the base station receiver work and change, adjust search box size at any time and mode that each searcher distributes the hunting zone, effectively follow the tracks of the technique effect of upstream special link-circuit multipath signal to reach base station receiver.
In fact, searcher receiver device hunting zone distribution method in the above-mentioned example all is to expand sum less than the distribution method under 80 situations in basic time delay expansion and average delay, if basic time delay expansion and average delay expansion sum are greater than 80, be that base station receiver selects 80 to be fixing search window size, then four average each hunting zones of distributing of searcher all equate, and search window is from frame start position.
The above; only for the embodiment of the best of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement; all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention, for example at the base station receiver searcher more than four and under the situation of even numbers, still can be suitable for the situation of greater number searcher by simple accommodation multi-path tracing method of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claims.
Claims (4)
1. multi-path tracing method that is used for the upstream special link-circuit of WCDMA system base station receiver, this method comprises:
According to base station environment of living in initial average multipath delay expansion numerical value is set, and selects basic time delay expansion numerical value according to this numerical value;
Basic time delay expansion and average delay expansion sum and 80 chips of maximum possible multipath delay value are compared, get little one of numerical value among both as the base station receiver search window size;
Expand under the condition of sum less than 80 chips in basic time delay expansion and average delay:
Be chosen as the mode that each searcher distributes the hunting zone according to the multipath mean place, if the multipath mean place is less than basic time delay expansion and average delay expansion sum, then distribute preceding two searchers of hunting zone to begin to distribute separately the hunting zone that equals 1/2nd basic time delay expansion from frame start position earlier, the back distributes latter two searcher of hunting zone to distribute the hunting zone that equals the expansion of 1/2nd average delays separately after preceding two searcher hunting zones; If the multipath mean place is more than or equal to basic time delay expansion and average delay expansion sum, then preceding two searchers distribute the hunting zone that equals 1/2nd basic time delay expansion separately in multipath mean place both sides, and latter two searcher both sides outside preceding two searcher hunting zones are distributed the hunting zone that equals the expansion of 1/2nd average delays separately;
Expand under the condition of sum greater than 80 chips in basic time delay expansion and average delay:
With 80 chips as search window, the hunting zone of four searchers of mean allocation, and search window is from frame start position.
2. multi-path tracing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: expand under the condition of sum less than 80 chips in basic time delay expansion and average delay:
Before the mode that is chosen as each searcher distribution hunting zone, judge frequency pilot sign in 160 milliseconds of this upstream special link-circuits bit error rate whether greater than threshold value, if greater than threshold value then judge that this up link enters desynchronizing state, the search window size of receiver is expanded as basic time delay expansion from basic time delay expansion and average delay expansion sum expand sums with 1.5 times of average delays;
If current multipath mean place is less than basic time delay expansion and 1.5 times of average delay expansion sums, then distribute preceding two searchers of hunting zone to begin to distribute separately the hunting zone that equals 1/2nd basic time delay expansion from frame start position earlier, the back distributes latter two searcher of hunting zone to distribute the hunting zone that equals the expansion of 3/4ths average delays separately after preceding two searcher hunting zones; If the multipath mean place is more than or equal to basic time delay expansion and 1.5 times of average delay expansion sums, then preceding two searchers distribute the hunting zone that equals 1/2nd basic time delay expansion separately in multipath mean place both sides, and latter two searcher both sides outside preceding two searcher hunting zones are distributed the hunting zone that equals the expansion of 3/4ths average delays separately.
3. multi-path tracing method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the bit error rate threshold value that described judgement enters desynchronizing state is 30%.
4. multi-path tracing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the frame start position parameter of upstream special link-circuit is issued the base station by radio network controller by signaling.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100420329C (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-09-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and device for up dedicated physics channel |
| CN101183881B (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2012-06-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | Multipath search method and apparatus, signal reception processing method and Rake receiver |
| CN102655420A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Subsection frequency domain method and device for realizing multi-diameter search |
| CN106302295A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-04 | 武汉虹旭信息技术有限责任公司 | WMSA searching method based on multiframe in a kind of WCDMA multi-user interference |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3322240B2 (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2002-09-09 | 日本電気株式会社 | CDMA receiver |
| US6771622B1 (en) * | 2000-11-17 | 2004-08-03 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Pilot-signal searching with decimation reordering |
| WO2004107599A1 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2004-12-09 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Positioning a multipath search window |
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2005
- 2005-05-26 CN CNB2005100718696A patent/CN100373795C/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100420329C (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-09-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and device for up dedicated physics channel |
| CN101183881B (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2012-06-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | Multipath search method and apparatus, signal reception processing method and Rake receiver |
| CN102655420A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Subsection frequency domain method and device for realizing multi-diameter search |
| CN102655420B (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2014-11-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Subsection frequency domain method and device for realizing multi-diameter search |
| CN106302295A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-04 | 武汉虹旭信息技术有限责任公司 | WMSA searching method based on multiframe in a kind of WCDMA multi-user interference |
| CN106302295B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2019-05-31 | 武汉虹旭信息技术有限责任公司 | WMSA searching method based on multiframe in a kind of WCDMA multi-user interference |
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Address after: 430205 Hubei city of Wuhan province Jiangxia Hidden Dragon Island Tan lake two Road No. 1 Patentee after: CITIC Mobile Communication Technology Co., Ltd Address before: 430073 Hubei province Wuhan Dongxin East Lake high tech Development Zone, Road No. 5 Patentee before: Wuhan Hongxin Telecommunication Technologies Co.,Ltd. |
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Address after: 430205 No.1 tanhu 2nd Road, Canglong Island, Jiangxia District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Patentee after: CITIC Mobile Communication Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 430205 No.1 tanhu 2nd Road, Canglong Island, Jiangxia District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Patentee before: CITIC Mobile Communication Technology Co., Ltd |
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