CN1670267A - Microwave hydrothermal synthesis method for nanometer crystal strontium titanate barium - Google Patents
Microwave hydrothermal synthesis method for nanometer crystal strontium titanate barium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a microwave hydrothermal synthesis method for nanometer crystal strontium titanate barium which comprises using barium nitrate, strontium nitrate, tetrabutyl titanate and potassium hydroxide as raw material, formulating solution by the chemical formula of Ba1-XSrXTiO3, mixing the prepared titanium solution and barium- strontium solution with potassium hydroxide solvent, then transferring into microwave reaction tank for sealing and microwave water thermal reaction, finally washing and drying the outcome yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of employing microwave hydrothermal synthetic method and prepare the nanometer crystal strontium titanate barium powder, belong to the inorganic functional material preparing technical field.
Background technology
The barium-strontium titanate ceramic material is a kind of good thermo-sensitive material, capacitor material and ferroelectric piezoelectric, and Application Areas is very extensive.This material has typical perovskite structure, and is the same with other electron ceramic material, and the electric property of this material and the microtexture of material such as void content and grain-size are closely related.With BaTiO
3Material (a kind of typical ferroelectric material) is compared, and the strontium-barium titanate material has better temperature stability, and high withstand voltage intensity is widely used in electrical condenser, electro-optical device, aspects such as ferroelectric internal memory and phase displacement antenna.Can make the dielectric ceramic material that has different performance, adapts to different needs by in strontium-barium titanate (BST) material system, adding metal oxides such as magnesium, Zr, Al, La, Pr and Nd, specific inductivity is easy to adjust, high insulation resistance, low dielectric loss (under high frequency and the low frequency), higher capacitance temperature stability etc., with the variation of content of strontium, the Curie temperature of strontium-barium titanate (BST) can be regulated in very wide temperature range.Because strontium-barium titanate (BST) pottery has high specific inductivity, good ferroelectric, piezoelectricity, withstand voltage and insulating property are widely used in the little and capacious miniature capacitor of volume, thermistor, photovaristor, piezoelectric ceramics etc.
Preparation high pure and ultra-fine powder body material has successively been developed vapour condensation method, hydrothermal method, gel method and chemical liquid phase coprecipitation method in the world, and these four kinds of method essence are all to disperse the colloidal preparation." envelope ", phase transfer method and microemulsion method have successively been developed the eighties, the shape of the particle of " envelope " gained is determined by kernel, the character of particle is then counter to depend on outer thing, the particle shape of phase transfer method gained is different according to preparation condition, microemulsion method gained dispersion of particles degree is comparatively even, but the common weakness of these methods: reaction soln concentration is low, long reaction time, and control condition is strict.
Microwave-hydrothermal method is just to launch a kind of nano powder preparation novel method of research in recent years in the world, compare with conventional hydrothermal method, microwave-hydrothermal method can be prepared binary and multivariant oxide by pH value, temperature, pressure and reactant concn in the hierarchy of control.Microwave has quickened reaction process, and makes final product cenotype occur, prepares complete crystallization, the uniform powder of size distribution.
Conventional relatively hydrothermal method adopts microwave-hydrothermal method synthesis of nano strontium-barium titanate to carry out in lower temperature and shorter time.U.S. Pennsylvania university adopts microwave-hydrothermal method to prepare some potteries and metal-powder in recent years, microwave hydrothermal study on the synthesis technology has been carried out preliminary study, it is lower that microwave hydro-thermal synthesis method has temperature of reaction, the advantage that reaction times is shorter, the research of domestic employing microwave hydrothermal synthetic powder material is less, and the microwave hydrothermal study on the synthesis of strontium-barium titanate nanocrystalline powder is not seen system's report so far.Therefore the invention provides a kind of microwave hydro-thermal synthesis method of nanometer crystal strontium titanate barium.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, a kind of microwave hydro-thermal synthesis method of nanometer crystal strontium titanate barium is provided, this method is that potassium hydroxide is raw material, presses chemical formula Ba with nitrate of baryta, strontium nitrate, metatitanic acid four fourth fat
1-xSr
xTiO
3Preparation, with the titanium liquid for preparing with change microwave reaction group canister over to after barium-strontium solution and potassium hydroxide solution mix and seal, after the microwave hydrothermal reaction, the products therefrom process is washed, drying, obtains nano barium-strontium titanate powder.Thereby overcome the deficiency that exists among the present nano barium-strontium titanate powder preparation technology.It is short that this method has the reaction times, and technical process is simple, characteristics such as complete crystallization, even particle size distribution.
The microwave hydro-thermal synthesis method of nanometer crystal strontium titanate barium of the present invention comprises the preparation of precursor, and the microwave hydrothermal building-up process follows these steps to carry out:
A, at first preparing strontium-barium titanate solution, is raw material with nitrate of baryta, strontium nitrate, metatitanic acid four fourth fat and potassium hydroxide, prepares KOH solution respectively earlier, titanium liquid, and the mixed liquid of barium and strontium;
B, with titanium liquid, and the mixed liquid of barium and strontium is mixed, KOH solution adds as mineralizer, presses chemical formula Ba
1-xSr
xTiO
3Preparation, wherein 0<X<1, the ternary precursor aqueous solution of the mixed Ba/Sr/Ti that has prepared then; Wherein each material component is than being mol ratio: barium: strontium: titanium=0.5-4: 0.5-4: 1;
C, the solution for preparing is carried out the microwave hydrothermal building-up reactions, temperature of reaction is 160-210 ℃, reaction times is 5-45min, the filling ratio of retort is 70-80%, pour out product after the microwave hydrothermal reaction, use deionized water, dehydrated alcohol cleans repeatedly, go out product with whizzer centrifugation, rotating speed is 2000-5000 rev/min, pours out supernatant liquor after product is centrifugal, add deionized water, fully stir, the recentrifuge precipitation is washed till supernatant liquor pH value for neutral, produce product after cleaning with dehydrated alcohol then and carry out drying, can obtain the superfine powder that median size is about 60 nano barium-strontium titanates.
The concentration of barium ion is 0.05-0.8mol/L in the precursor liquid, the concentration 0.05-0.8mol/L of strontium ion.
The concentration of potassium hydroxide is 0.1-3mol/L in the precursor liquid.
The concentration of titanium ion is 0.05-0.8mol/L in the precursor liquid.
The microwave hydro-thermal synthesis method of nanometer crystal strontium titanate barium of the present invention, be to change microwave reaction group canister over to after the titanium liquid that will prepare and barium-strontium solution and potassium hydroxide solution are mixed in proportion to seal, after the microwave hydrothermal reaction, products therefrom obtains nano barium-strontium titanate powder through washing, drying.May further comprise the steps:
At first prepare Ba (NO
3)
2+ Sr (NO
3)
2+ Ti (C
4H
9O)
4+ KOH precursor system, the metatitanic acid four fourth fat that this process takes by weighing are earlier in proportion put into deionized water, add a small amount of nitric acid and are made into titanium liquid; Take by weighing Ba (NO respectively in proportion
3)
2And Sr (NO
3)
2Add the deionized water wiring solution-forming, two kinds of solution are mixed, and then the preparation potassium hydroxide solution;
Press chemical formula Ba
1-xSr
xTiO
30<X<1 wherein, mixed titanium liquid and the barium strontium liquid that has prepared, add potassium hydroxide again and stir mixed uniform mixing, changing microwave reaction group canister over to seals, put into the microwave reaction chamber, setting microwave reaction power (0-1200W), temperature (160-210 ℃), time parameters such as (5-45min) are carried out the microwave hydrothermal reaction.
Pouring out product after the microwave hydrothermal reaction cleans repeatedly with deionized water, dehydrated alcohol, this process uses whizzer centrifugation to go out product, rotating speed is 2000-5000 rev/min, pour out supernatant liquor after product is centrifugal, add deionized water, fully stir, the recentrifuge precipitation, be washed till supernatant liquor for neutral, produce product after cleaning with dehydrated alcohol then and carry out drying, can obtain barium-strontium titanate powder.
The present invention has following advantage:
Nano-powder complete crystallization, the even particle size distribution of preparation, median size is 60 nanometers, and can control by the reaction parameter such as microwave heating power, frequency, time and the temperature that change microwave hydrothermal.
With nitrate of baryta, strontium nitrate, Ti (C
4H
9O)
4React under cryogenic high pressure power with KOH.The finished product of microwave hydrothermal synthesis technique are reunited by nano level primary particle and are formed, and make the nano-powder material (strontium-barium titanate) of preparation keep stable at a certain temperature.
Principle aspect microwave has the microwave catalysis effect in the process of microwave-hydrothermal method synthesis of nano barium-strontium titanate powder, can promote reaction effectively and improve nano-powder crystal grain quality, reduces nanoparticle agglomeration in this process.
Microwave-hydrothermal method can be prepared binary and multivariant oxide by pH value, temperature, pressure and reactant concn in the hierarchy of control.Microwave has quickened reaction process, and makes final product cenotype occur, prepares complete crystallization, the uniform powder of size distribution.
Microwave-hydrothermal method is saved time than conventional hydrothermal method, and more safer than hydrothermal method, and equipment is simpler, easily control.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 prepares the nanometer crystal strontium titanate barium reacting flow chart.
The X diffractogram of Fig. 2 barium-strontium titanate powder.
Barium-strontium titanate powder about Fig. 3 60 nanometers.
Strontium-barium titanate (the Ba of gained as can be seen from Figure 2
0.5Sr
0.5TiO
3) product is a cube phase
The median size of barium-strontium titanate powder is 60 nanometers as can be seen from Figure 3, and complete crystallization, even particle size distribution are reunited seldom.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
At first prepare the precursor system: with nitrate of baryta, strontium nitrate, metatitanic acid four fourth fat and potassium hydroxide is raw material, prepare earlier KOH solution respectively, titanium liquid, and the mixed solution of barium and strontium, wherein each material component is than being mol ratio: barium: strontium: titanium=0.5: 0.5: 1, take by weighing metatitanic acid four fourth fat in proportion and put into deionized water, add nitric acid and be made into the titanium liquid that concentration is 0.05mol/L; Take by weighing nitrate of baryta and strontium nitrate more respectively in proportion, add deionized water and be made into the solution that concentration is 0.16mol/L, nitrate of baryta and the two kinds of solution of strontium nitrate that are mixed with are mixed, and then compound concentration is the 0.1mol/L potassium hydroxide solution;
Press chemical formula Ba
0.5Sr
0.5TiO
3Preparation titanium liquid and barium strontium liquid, add the potassium hydroxide solution mixing that stirs again, pack in the microwave reaction jar, the filling ratio of retort is 70%, putting into microwave dissolver after the jar sealing, design temperature is 160 ℃, behind the microwave hydrothermal reaction 5min, takes out the micro-wave digestion jar, reaction product is put into centrifuge tube, supernatant liquor is poured out in 3000 rev/mins of centrifugations, adds deionized water and stirring in supernatant liquor, centrifugation again, be washed till supernatant liquor pH for neutral, produce product after cleaning with dehydrated alcohol then and carry out drying, obtain the powder that median size is 60 nano barium-strontium titanates at last.
Embodiment 2
At first prepare the precursor system: with nitrate of baryta, strontium nitrate, metatitanic acid four fourth fat and potassium hydroxide is raw material, prepare earlier KOH solution respectively, titanium liquid, and the mixed solution of barium and strontium, wherein each material component is than being mol ratio: barium: strontium: titanium=1.5: 2.0: 1, take by weighing metatitanic acid four fourth fat in proportion and put into deionized water, add nitric acid and be made into the titanium liquid that concentration is 0.1mol/L; Take by weighing nitrate of baryta and strontium nitrate more respectively in proportion, add deionized water and be made into the solution that concentration is 0.05mol/L, nitrate of baryta and the two kinds of solution of strontium nitrate that are mixed with are mixed, and then compound concentration is the 0.5mol/L potassium hydroxide solution;
Press chemical formula Ba
0.4Sr
0.6TiO
3Preparation titanium liquid and barium strontium liquid, add the potassium hydroxide solution mixing that stirs again, pack in the microwave reaction jar, the filling ratio of retort is 75%, putting into microwave dissolver after the jar sealing, design temperature is 195 ℃, behind the microwave hydrothermal reaction 15min, takes out the micro-wave digestion jar, reaction product is put into centrifuge tube, supernatant liquor is poured out in 2000 rev/mins of centrifugations, adds deionized water and stirring in supernatant liquor, centrifugation again, be washed till supernatant liquor pH for neutral, produce product after cleaning with dehydrated alcohol then and carry out drying, obtain the powder that median size is 60 nano barium-strontium titanates at last.
Embodiment 3
At first prepare the precursor system: with nitrate of baryta, strontium nitrate, metatitanic acid four fourth fat and potassium hydroxide is raw material, prepare earlier KOH solution respectively, titanium liquid, and the mixed solution of barium and strontium, wherein each material component is than being mol ratio: barium: strontium: titanium=2.5: 2.0: 1, take by weighing metatitanic acid four fourth fat in proportion and put into deionized water, add nitric acid and be made into the titanium liquid that concentration is 0.25mol/L; Take by weighing nitrate of baryta and strontium nitrate more respectively in proportion, add deionized water and be made into the solution that concentration is 0.36mol/L, nitrate of baryta and the two kinds of solution of strontium nitrate that are mixed with are mixed, and then compound concentration is the 1.0mol/L potassium hydroxide solution;
Press chemical formula Ba
0.7Sr
0.3TiO
3Preparation titanium liquid and barium strontium liquid, add the potassium hydroxide solution mixing that stirs again, pack in the microwave reaction jar, the filling ratio of retort is 80%, putting into microwave dissolver after the jar sealing, design temperature is 200 ℃, behind the microwave hydrothermal reaction 35min, takes out the micro-wave digestion jar, reaction product is put into centrifuge tube, supernatant liquor is poured out in 3500 rev/mins of centrifugations, adds deionized water and stirring in supernatant liquor, centrifugation again, be washed till supernatant liquor pH for neutral, produce product after cleaning with dehydrated alcohol then and carry out drying, obtain the powder that median size is 60 nano barium-strontium titanates at last.
Embodiment 4
At first prepare the precursor system: with nitrate of baryta, strontium nitrate, metatitanic acid four fourth fat and potassium hydroxide is raw material, prepare earlier KOH solution respectively, titanium liquid, and the mixed solution of barium and strontium, wherein each material component is than being mol ratio: barium: strontium: titanium=3.0: 2.5: 1, take by weighing metatitanic acid four fourth fat in proportion and put into deionized water, add nitric acid and be made into the titanium liquid that concentration is 0.5mol/L; Take by weighing nitrate of baryta and strontium nitrate more respectively in proportion, add deionized water and be made into the solution that concentration is 0.4mol/L, nitrate of baryta and the two kinds of solution of strontium nitrate that are mixed with are mixed, and then compound concentration is the 2.5mol/L potassium hydroxide solution;
Press chemical formula Ba
0.3Sr
0.7TiO
3Preparation titanium liquid and barium strontium liquid, add the potassium hydroxide solution mixing that stirs again, pack in the microwave reaction jar, the filling ratio of retort is 74%, putting into microwave dissolver after the jar sealing, design temperature is 210 ℃, behind the microwave hydrothermal reaction 45min, takes out the micro-wave digestion jar, reaction product is put into centrifuge tube, supernatant liquor is poured out in 2500 rev/mins of centrifugations, adds deionized water and stirring in supernatant liquor, centrifugation again, be washed till supernatant liquor pH for neutral, produce product after cleaning with dehydrated alcohol then and carry out drying, obtain the powder that median size is 60 nano barium-strontium titanates at last.
Embodiment 5
At first prepare the precursor system: with nitrate of baryta, strontium nitrate, metatitanic acid four fourth fat and potassium hydroxide is raw material, prepare earlier KOH solution respectively, titanium liquid, and the mixed solution of barium and strontium, wherein each material component is than being mol ratio: barium: strontium: titanium=4.0: 3.5: 1, take by weighing metatitanic acid four fourth fat in proportion and put into deionized water, add nitric acid and be made into the titanium liquid that concentration is 0.7mol/L; Take by weighing nitrate of baryta and strontium nitrate more respectively in proportion, add deionized water and be made into the solution that concentration is 0.8mol/L, nitrate of baryta and the two kinds of solution of strontium nitrate that are mixed with are mixed, and then compound concentration is the 3.0mol/L potassium hydroxide solution in proportion;
Press chemical formula Ba
0.6Sr
0.4TiO
3Preparation titanium liquid and barium strontium liquid, add the potassium hydroxide solution mixing that stirs again, pack in the microwave reaction jar, the filling ratio of retort is 78%, putting into microwave dissolver after the jar sealing, design temperature is 195 ℃, behind the microwave hydrothermal reaction 40min, takes out the micro-wave digestion jar, reaction product is put into centrifuge tube, supernatant liquor is poured out in 4500 rev/mins of centrifugations, adds deionized water and stirring in supernatant liquor, centrifugation again, be washed till supernatant liquor pH for neutral, produce product after cleaning with dehydrated alcohol then and carry out drying, obtain the powder that median size is 60 nano barium-strontium titanates at last.
Embodiment 6
At first prepare the precursor system: with nitrate of baryta, strontium nitrate, metatitanic acid four fourth fat and potassium hydroxide is raw material, prepare earlier KOH solution respectively, titanium liquid, and the mixed solution of barium and strontium, wherein each material component is than being mol ratio: barium: strontium: titanium=3.5: 4.0: 1, take by weighing metatitanic acid four fourth fat in proportion and put into deionized water, add nitric acid and be made into the titanium liquid that concentration is 0.8mol/L; Take by weighing nitrate of baryta and strontium nitrate more respectively in proportion, add deionized water and be made into the solution that concentration is 0.6mol/L, nitrate of baryta and the two kinds of solution of strontium nitrate that are mixed with are mixed, and then compound concentration is the 0.25mol/L potassium hydroxide solution;
Press chemical formula Ba
0.5Sr
0.5TiO
3Preparation titanium liquid and barium strontium liquid, add the potassium hydroxide solution mixing that stirs again, pack in the microwave reaction jar, the filling ratio of retort is 70%, putting into microwave dissolver after the jar sealing, design temperature is 185 ℃, behind the microwave hydrothermal reaction 25min, takes out the micro-wave digestion jar, reaction product is put into centrifuge tube, supernatant liquor is poured out in 5000 rev/mins of centrifugations, adds deionized water and stirring in supernatant liquor, centrifugation again, be washed till supernatant liquor pH for neutral, produce product after cleaning with dehydrated alcohol then and carry out drying, obtain the powder that median size is 60 nano barium-strontium titanates at last.
Embodiment 7
At first prepare the precursor system: with nitrate of baryta, strontium nitrate, metatitanic acid four fourth fat and potassium hydroxide is raw material, prepare earlier KOH solution respectively, titanium liquid, and the mixed solution of barium and strontium, wherein each material component is than being mol ratio: barium: strontium: titanium=0.8: 1.5: 1, take by weighing metatitanic acid four fourth fat in proportion and put into deionized water, add nitric acid and be made into the titanium liquid that concentration is 0.08mol/L; Take by weighing nitrate of baryta and strontium nitrate more respectively in proportion, add deionized water and be made into the solution that concentration is 0.36mol/L, nitrate of baryta and the two kinds of solution of strontium nitrate that are mixed with are mixed, and then compound concentration is the 0.3mol/L potassium hydroxide solution in proportion;
Press chemical formula Ba
0.77Sr
0.23TiO
3Preparation titanium liquid and barium strontium liquid, add the potassium hydroxide solution mixing that stirs again, pack in the microwave reaction jar, the filling ratio of retort is 80%, putting into microwave dissolver after the jar sealing, design temperature is 210 ℃, behind the microwave hydrothermal reaction 45min, takes out the micro-wave digestion jar, reaction product is put into centrifuge tube, supernatant liquor is poured out in 4800 rev/mins of centrifugations, adds deionized water and stirring in supernatant liquor, centrifugation again, be washed till supernatant liquor pH for neutral, produce product after cleaning with dehydrated alcohol then and carry out drying, obtain the powder that median size is 60 nano barium-strontium titanates at last.
Embodiment 8
At first prepare the precursor system: with nitrate of baryta, strontium nitrate, metatitanic acid four fourth fat and potassium hydroxide is raw material, prepare earlier KOH solution respectively, titanium liquid, and the mixed solution of barium and strontium, wherein each material component is than being mol ratio: barium: strontium: titanium=4.0: 4.0: 1, take by weighing metatitanic acid four fourth fat in proportion and put into deionized water, add nitric acid and be made into the titanium liquid that concentration is 0.8mol/L; Take by weighing nitrate of baryta and strontium nitrate more respectively in proportion, add deionized water and be made into the solution that concentration is 0.8mol/L, nitrate of baryta and the two kinds of solution of strontium nitrate that are mixed with are mixed, and then compound concentration is the 3.0mol/L potassium hydroxide solution in proportion;
Press chemical formula Ba
0.23Sr
0.77TiO
3Preparation titanium liquid and barium strontium liquid, add the potassium hydroxide solution mixing that stirs again, pack in the microwave reaction jar, the filling ratio of retort is 70%, putting into microwave dissolver after the jar sealing, design temperature is 200 ℃, behind the microwave hydrothermal reaction 35min, takes out the micro-wave digestion jar, reaction product is put into centrifuge tube, supernatant liquor is poured out in 2500 rev/mins of centrifugations, adds deionized water and stirring in supernatant liquor, centrifugation again, be washed till supernatant liquor pH for neutral, produce product after cleaning with dehydrated alcohol then and carry out drying, obtain the powder that median size is 60 nano barium-strontium titanates at last.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of microwave hydro-thermal synthesis method of nanometer crystal strontium titanate barium comprises the preparation of precursor, and the microwave hydrothermal building-up process is characterized in that following these steps to carrying out:
A, at first preparing strontium-barium titanate solution, is raw material with nitrate of baryta, strontium nitrate, metatitanic acid four fourth fat and potassium hydroxide, prepares KOH solution respectively earlier, titanium liquid, and the mixed liquid of barium and strontium;
B, elder generation are with titanium liquid, and the mixed liquid of barium and strontium is mixed, and KOH solution adds as mineralizer, presses chemical formula Ba
1-XSr
XTiO
3Preparation, wherein 0<X<1, the ternary precursor aqueous solution of the mixed Ba/Sr/Ti that has prepared then; Wherein each material component is than being mol ratio: barium: strontium: titanium=0.5-4: 0.5-4: 1;
C, the solution for preparing is carried out the microwave hydrothermal building-up reactions, temperature of reaction is 160-210 ℃, reaction times is 5-45min, the filling ratio of retort is 70-80%, pour out product after the microwave hydrothermal reaction, use deionized water, dehydrated alcohol cleans repeatedly, go out product with whizzer centrifugation, rotating speed is 2000-5000 rev/min, pours out supernatant liquor after product is centrifugal, add deionized water, fully stir, the recentrifuge precipitation is washed till supernatant liquor pH value for neutral, produce product after cleaning with dehydrated alcohol then and carry out drying, can obtain the superfine powder that median size is about 60 nano barium-strontium titanates.
2, the microwave hydro-thermal synthesis method of nanometer crystal strontium titanate barium according to claim 1, the concentration that it is characterized in that barium ion in the precursor liquid is 0.05-0.8mol/L, the concentration 0.05-0.8mol/L of strontium ion.
3, the microwave hydro-thermal synthesis method of nanometer crystal strontium titanate barium according to claim 1, the concentration that it is characterized in that potassium hydroxide in the precursor liquid is 0.1-3mol/L.
4, the microwave hydro-thermal synthesis method of nanometer crystal strontium titanate barium according to claim 1, the concentration that it is characterized in that titanium ion in the precursor liquid is 0.05-0.8mol/L.
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CN101239736B (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2010-06-02 | 陕西师范大学 | Thin lobation strontium barium titanate |
CN101705519B (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2012-05-30 | 南京工业大学 | Barium strontium titanate ferroelectric nano single crystal particle and preparation method thereof |
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JPH0416513A (en) * | 1990-05-09 | 1992-01-21 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Production of barium-strontium titanate powder |
CN1212997C (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2005-08-03 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Preparation method of barium strontium titanate ultra-fine powder |
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CN101239736B (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2010-06-02 | 陕西师范大学 | Thin lobation strontium barium titanate |
CN101705519B (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2012-05-30 | 南京工业大学 | Barium strontium titanate ferroelectric nano single crystal particle and preparation method thereof |
CN103523824A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-01-22 | 上海电力学院 | Preparation method of nano flaky ferroelectric material for photocatalysis |
CN103586050A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-02-19 | 南昌航空大学 | Material CdS/Ba0.4Sr0.6TiO3 for producing hydrogen by photocatalytically decomposing water and preparation method thereof |
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CN114505068A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-05-17 | 中山大学 | Piezoelectric catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
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