CN1663109A - Device for regulating the voltage in generators by means of coil tapping and a control relay - Google Patents
Device for regulating the voltage in generators by means of coil tapping and a control relay Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1663109A CN1663109A CN038149826A CN03814982A CN1663109A CN 1663109 A CN1663109 A CN 1663109A CN 038149826 A CN038149826 A CN 038149826A CN 03814982 A CN03814982 A CN 03814982A CN 1663109 A CN1663109 A CN 1663109A
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- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- generator
- pair
- connecting wires
- switch
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/04—Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device for automatically regulating the voltage of a generator according to the load current. Said device comprises a first couple of clamps which can be connected to a couple of generator clamps carrying the load current and taps a first generator voltage from the generator coil, a second couple of clamps which can be connected to the couple of generator clamps and picks up a second generator voltage that is smaller than the first generator voltage from the generator coil, a third couple of clamps that supplies a control voltage to a control circuit which is provided with a control relay ( 9 ) having a switch for switching the connection between the couple of generator clamps and the first couple of clamps or the second couple of clamps. The couple of generator clamps, which is connected to the first couple of clamps by means of the switch, is connected to the second couple of clamps if the control voltage is greater than or equal to an upper threshold voltage of the control relay while the couple of generator clamps, which is connected to the second couple of clamps by means of the switch, is connected to the first couple of clamps if the control voltage is less than or equal to a lower threshold voltage of the control relay. The inventive device also comprises a bridging element that bridges the connection established by the switch between the couple of generator clamps and the first couple of clamps and is provided with a varistor, the on-state voltage of which lies above the difference between the two generator voltages but below the first generator voltage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automatically, according to the device of load current regulator generator voltage.Relate in particular to the voltage that a kind of like this device is used to regulate the generator that drives by piston internal-combustion engine.
Background technology
The device that is used for generator is carried out voltage-regulation is known.At generator with the electromagnet that is used for encouraging induction coil, can be for example by changing electromagnet Control current and change the magnetic flux that flows through induction coil thus, generator voltage and different load condition are mated.But, this simple voltage-regulation is impossible in permanently excited generator.In order to carry out voltage-regulation, need technical very bothersome regulation technology measure at this, for example can be according to the number that effective coil windings is set along the sliding contact form of main coil.Its shortcoming is the high abrasiveness of sliding contact, and it especially forms by wearing and tearing and puncture.In addition, unavoidable short circuit in winding often causes the loss power that can not ignore.What have shortcoming in addition is always to occur the current interruptions of short time in switching process.
DE 2659600 A1 described a kind of automatically, according to the device of load current regulator generator voltage, wherein, the triac (Triac) by utilizing connecting coil tap and star point comes the regulator generator output voltage with mutually a coil sections short circuit.
US 2001/002802 A1 describes a kind of motor, and its rotating speed/torque factor obtains changing by the supply power voltage on the coil tap of switching stator phase coil.
DE 10047287 A1 have described the apparatus and method of utilizing alternating current generator to produce different output voltages, wherein, and can be in order to produce different output voltages by the configuration of a configuration circuit change stator winding joint.
Summary of the invention
In contrast, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to avoid being used to make the bothersome regulation technology measure of generator voltage and different loads state matches.In addition, in switching process current interruptions should appear no longer.
Above-mentioned technical problem is that feature by independent claims solves according to a suggestion of the present invention.Preferred construction of the present invention provides by the feature of dependent claims.
According to the present invention, provided a kind ofly be used for automatically, according to the device of load current regulator generator voltage, wherein, be provided with first and second pair of connecting wires that are used to obtain first on the generator windings and second generator voltage.This first and second pair of connecting wires can will be connected by the generator pair of connecting wires of its guiding load current with one.Always having between first pair of connecting wires, make at the voltage that obtains on first pair of connecting wires always greater than the voltage that on second pair of connecting wires, obtains than more umber of turn between second pair of connecting wires.As long as guarantee to have between first pair of connecting wires than the more number of turn between second pair of connecting wires, first and second pair of connecting wires can be bonded on the optional position of generator windings.First generator voltage is generator main voltage preferably, that is, and and the voltage that obtains from the whole winding of generator.Second generator voltage is all the time less than the tap voltage of generator main voltage.
In addition, device of the present invention also has the 3rd pair of connecting wires, can obtain control voltage for control circuit by this pair of connecting wires.Preferably, this control voltage equals the voltage difference between first generator voltage and second generator voltage.Control circuit is preferred to be constituted like this, makes this control circuit begin just conducting electric current from specific conducting voltage.This point can for example realize that by Zener diode the puncture voltage of this diode equals the conducting voltage of this control circuit.
This control circuit has the control relay of a belt switch, being connected of first or second pair of connecting wires on being used for the conversion generator pair of connecting wires and sticking on generator windings.If the control voltage that obtains on the 3rd pair of connecting wires is obtained a value more than or equal to the upper voltage limit of switch relay, then the switch by switch control relay will be connected with second pair of connecting wires by the generator pair of connecting wires that this switch is connected with first pair of connecting wires.If control circuit is ability conducting electric current on a conducting voltage, then this upper voltage limit is drawn by the conducting voltage (for example being positioned at the puncture voltage of the Zener diode of this control circuit) of this control circuit and the starting voltage addition of switch relay.Otherwise,, then will be connected with first pair of connecting wires through the generator pair of connecting wires that this switch is connected with second pair of connecting wires by this switch of switching if control voltage is less than or equal to the lower voltage limit of switch relay.This lower voltage limit is drawn by the conducting voltage (for example puncture voltage of Zener diode) and the release voltage addition of switch relay of control circuit.
Always less than the starting voltage of switch relay, this causes the switch transition of switch relay to lag behind to the release voltage of switch relay.The stable switch that switch transition lags behind for switch relay is essential, is attended by the unsettled on off state that continues back and forth switch because can be caused by identical upper and lower bound voltage (that is, for starting and discharge identical switching voltage).
Distance between the upper and lower bound voltage (being the width that switch transition lags behind) generally depends on the parameter setting of switch relay.The relative status that switch transition lags behind can be by carrying out parameter setting and change being arranged on Zener diode in the switching circuit.At this, the less puncture voltage of Zener diode causes the switch transition hysteresis to move to less control voltage, and vice versa.In addition, Zener diode has played the current potential calibration that switch transition lags behind.
If other element is set in control circuit, for example can preferably use the rectifier diode of DC control relay by it, then also the conducting voltage of these elements to be thought of as the size of the needed control voltage of this control relay of switch in case of necessity.
In addition, device of the present invention has a brachium pontis, is used for first pair of connecting wires and generator pair of connecting wires by on-off action are carried out bridge joint.Therefore this brachium pontis has one is not the resistance (rheostat) that voltage was used, depended on to atypia as overvoltage protection at this, and its conducting voltage is lower than first generator voltage that obtains greater than the difference of first and second generator voltages on first pair of connecting wires.If the switch of control relay is connected the generator pair of connecting wires with first or second pair of connecting wires, then along first pair of connecting wires and being connected of generator pair of connecting wires in fact not having voltage drop.Because the electric current that lacks potential difference and cause thus can not pass through rheostat, this brachium pontis has played the effect by arm.But, if the switch of control relay is transferred between first and second pair of connecting wires, then the current potential of first pair of connecting wires is added on the rheostat in switching process, and brachium pontis plays the effect of conducting arm, and it is suitable for guiding load current to pass through because first pair of connecting wires that cut-off switch interrupts and the connection between the generator pair of connecting wires.For fear of short circuit, if switch is connected second pair of connecting wires with the generator pair of connecting wires, then must select rheostatic conducting voltage like this, make it be higher than the difference between first and second generator voltages.Preferably, can avoid current interruptions in switching process by this brachium pontis.
Of the present invention one preferred embodiment in, in ± 5% error range, carry out the voltage adjustment.This means,, just voltage is heightened or turned down as long as be lower than or surpass 5% of rated voltage.Equally preferably, near about 50%-80% of nominal load current, carry out the voltage adjustment for resistive load.If load is a resistance-inductance, then switching point is by corresponding mode moving relative to higher part to nominal load current.Particularly, device of the present invention satisfies the enforcement rank G2 of standard DIN 8528, and this enforcement rank has been stipulated voltage regulation accuracy to generating set according to the tolerance in the public electric wire net.
Description of drawings
Below, further specify the present invention in conjunction with description related to the preferred embodiment, wherein with reference to accompanying drawing.Among the figure,
Fig. 1 represent to be used for to permanently excited synchronous generator carry out voltage-regulation according to manipulated or operated apparatus of the present invention,
Fig. 2 represents the phase voltage variation according to a three-phase electricity of load current under resistive load (dotted line) and resistance-inductance load (solid line), and by means of the switching process of device triggering of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 exemplarily represents to be used for one of permanently excited synchronous generator is carried out mutually the circuit diagram according to apparatus of the present invention of voltage-regulation.Only show generator windings 1 and generator pair of connecting wires N in the generator, L1.On generator windings 1, the first pair of connecting wires 1U1, the 1U2 and the second pair of connecting wires 1U1,2U2 obtains first and second generator voltages.The first pair of connecting wires 1U1,1U2 relate to whole numbers of turn of generator windings, and the second pair of connecting wires 1U1,2U2 then relates to a less number of turn.Because the voltage of being responded to is directly proportional with the number of turn, so second generator voltage is always little than first generator voltage.First pair of connecting wires and second pair of connecting wires can with generator pair of connecting wires L1, N connects.
In case the induced voltage between terminal 1U1 and 2U2 surpasses by the puncture voltage of Zener diode 6, the conducting voltage of rectifier diode 7 and the starting voltage upper voltage limit given in advance of control relay 8, just flow through electric current in control circuit 2, this electric current makes control relay 8 adhesive switches 9.Thus, be added in generator pair of connecting wires N, the voltage on the L1 is transformed into lower magnitude of voltage 2U2 from higher voltage value 1U2.Then, the load current that triggers this switching process flows through the circuit 4 of second pair of connecting wires.At the terminal 1U2 of control circuit, the load current between the 2U2 reduces, and makes the control voltage that obtains on this terminal further improve, and this has supported transfer process.That is, load current has obtained keeping to the influence of voltage in this branch.
If load current raises once more, the control voltage that then obtains descends, and reaches lower voltage limit as long as control voltage to, and then this just causes the conversion again of switch relay 8.This lower voltage limit is given in advance by the release voltage of the conducting voltage of the puncture voltage of Zener diode 6, rectifier diode 7 and control relay 8.Because the switch transition of switch relay lags behind, this lower voltage limit always is lower than upper voltage limit.If control voltage drops to the puncture voltage that is lower than Zener diode 6, then streaming current no longer in control circuit 2.Along with changing to first pair of connecting wires from second pair of connecting wires, the terminal 1U2 of the control circuit that causes by load current, the internal resistance between the 2U2 increases, and causes controlling voltage and further descends, and this has supported transfer process.
Prevented interruptive current during switch by the rheostat 10 that is arranged in the brachium pontis 5.Therefore this rheostat does not allow electric current to pass through not having to be high resistant under the state of voltage.Otherwise if the voltage on the rheostat end points increases, then resistor is converted to low resistive state when specific conducting voltage, and guide current is by circuit 3.If switch 9 is connected first pair of connecting wires with the generator pair of connecting wires, then in fact the end points by brachium pontis does not have voltage drop, and rheostat is high resistant and plays effect by arm.Be transferred to the process of second pair of connecting wires from first pair of connecting wires at switch 9, the current potential of terminal 1U2 is applied on the rheostat, makes rheostat become low resistive state and conducting load current thus.If switch 9 has been set up being connected of generator pair of connecting wires and second pair of connecting wires, then electric current flows through circuit 4, so rheostat becomes high resistant once more and ended electric current by brachium pontis.Act on accordingly when terminal 2U2 is transferred to terminal 1U2 at switch 9.Rheostatic conducting voltage is higher than the difference between the voltage that obtains on terminal 2U2 and the 1U2, and this has prevented at switch 9 generator pair of connecting wires N, and the short circuit by circuit 3 takes place when 2U2 connects for the L1 and the second pair of connecting wires 1U1.As far as possible little for rheostatic internal loss is remained, switch 9 is switch as far as possible promptly.
Fig. 2 shows under pure resistive loads (dotted line) and resistance-inductance load (solid line) situation, by rated voltage U
StrNPercentage mark pass through generator pair of connecting wires L1, the phase voltage U that N obtained
StrWith by rated current I
LNThe load current I that marks of percentage
LDependence, wherein, electric current and voltage homophase under the situation of pure resistive loads, i.e. cos =1 (wherein equals the angle between electric current and the voltage), and under the situation of resistance-inductance load cos =0.8.
Voltage curve 2 is corresponding to by the first pair of connecting wires 1U1, first generator voltage that 1U2 obtains, and voltage curve 1 is corresponding to by the second pair of connecting wires 1U1, the second less generator voltage that 2U2 obtains.
Switching process is based on ± 7% range of tolerable variance.In zero load (is I
L=0) generator terminal voltage is approximately 107% of rated voltage the time, and equals the voltage that obtains between 1U1 and the 2U2.
Investigate resistive load (dotted line).If generator is from zero load (dashed curve 1; I
L=0) set out electric loading and improve continuously load current, then at about switching threshold (upper voltage limit) that reached control relay at 77% o'clock of rated current, and generator terminal L1 will be connected with the terminal 1U2 of first pair of connecting wires.This causes about 94% to 101% the voltage jump from phase voltage.Phase voltage reduces according to dashed curve 2 when further improving load current.
If generator loading reduces subsequently, be that load current reduces continuously, then the voltage that obtains on the generator terminal increases according to dashed curve 2, up to its about switching threshold (lower voltage limit) that reached switch relay at 55% o'clock in nominal load current, and generator terminal L1 will be connected with the terminal 2U2 of second pair of connecting wires.This causes about 105% to 98% the voltage jump from phase voltage.Phase voltage increases according to dashed curve 1 when further reducing load current.At unloaded (I
L=0) it reaches 107% of specified phase voltage at last the time.
The hysteresis of control relay as can be seen between two switching thresholds.The summit of this hysteresis is at about 77% and about 55% place of rated current.The slope that depends on the relative distance and the phase voltage of switching threshold by the area of this hysteresis encirclement.
Be used for each phase voltage of heterogeneous electricity is regulated according to device setting of the present invention, that is, under the situation of three-phase electricity, have three.It particularly preferably is to work under unbalanced load, because voltage descends and voltage rising when electricity gentlier loads mutually when electricity loads strongly mutually.
Device of the present invention especially can be arranged in order by the form of cascade, and wherein, the distance in this cascade between first and second generator voltages is always nearer, thereby fine graded to voltage-regulation.
A kind of preferred application of device of the present invention be the voltage to the generator that drives by piston internal-combustion engine carry out automatically, according to the adjusting of load current.At this, especially can be by the motor-driven synchronous generator of diesel oil.According to the preferably permanently excited generator of the present invention.
Claims (13)
- One kind be used for automatically, according to the device of load current regulator generator voltage, comprising:-the first pair of connecting wires (1U1,1U2), its can with the generator pair of connecting wires that carries described load current (N L1) connects, and is used to obtain first generator voltage on the generator windings,-the second pair of connecting wires (1U1,2U2), its can with described generator pair of connecting wires (N L1) connects, be used to obtain than first generator voltage, second generator voltage little, on the generator windings,-Di three pair of connecting wires (1U2 2U2), is used to control circuit (2) that control voltage is provided,-described control circuit (2) has a control relay (8) that has switch (9), be used for conversion generator pair of connecting wires (N, L1) with being connected of first or second pair of connecting wires, wherein, if described control voltage then will be by switch (9) and described first pair of connecting wires (1U1,1U2) the generator pair of connecting wires (N of Lian Jieing more than or equal to the upper voltage limit of this switch relay, L1) (1U1 2U2) connects with second pair of connecting wires; And if this control voltage is less than or equal to the lower voltage limit of switch relay, then will by switch (9) and described second pair of connecting wires (1U1,2U2) the generator pair of connecting wires of Lian Jieing (N, L1) with first pair of connecting wires (1U1,1U2) connection,-brachium pontis (5), it will be by the generator pair of connecting wires (N of described switch (9) foundation, L1) with the described first pair of connecting wires (1U1, connection bridge joint 1U2), described brachium pontis has a resistance (" rheostat ") (10) that depends on voltage, and the conducting voltage of this resistance is lower than first generator voltage that obtains greater than the difference of first and second generator voltages on described first pair of connecting wires.
- 2. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the control voltage of described control circuit equals the voltage difference between first generator voltage and second generator voltage.
- 3. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described control circuit (2) allows electric current to pass through when arriving conducting voltage.
- 4. device according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described control circuit (2) has Zener diode (6), and the puncture voltage of this diode equals the conducting voltage of this control circuit (2).
- 5. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described control circuit (2) has the element that electric current is carried out rectification, especially rectifier diode (7).
- 6. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, (1U1, first generator voltage that 1U2) obtains equals generator main voltage to utilize described first pair of connecting wires.
- 7. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, carries out described voltage adjustment in ± 5% range of tolerable variance.
- 8. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, carries out described voltage adjustment when about 50%-80% of nominal load current for resistive load.
- 9. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described device satisfies the enforcement rank G2 of standard DIN8528.
- 10. device according to claim 1, wherein, described generator is permanently excited.
- 11. an equipment is characterized in that having each phase that is used for three-phase electricity according to each described device in the aforesaid right requirement.
- 12. an equipment is characterized in that the cascade setting according to each described device in the aforesaid right requirement, wherein, the voltage difference between described first generator voltage and second generator voltage descends in this cascade continuously.
- 13. one kind will require according to aforesaid right in each described device be used for automatically, regulate by piston internal-combustion engine, the especially application of the voltage of the motor-driven generator of diesel oil according to load current, described generator is synchronous machine especially.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10228226.9 | 2002-06-25 | ||
| DE10228226A DE10228226B4 (en) | 2002-06-25 | 2002-06-25 | Device for voltage regulation on electric generators by means of winding tapping and control relay |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1663109A true CN1663109A (en) | 2005-08-31 |
Family
ID=29795866
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN038149826A Pending CN1663109A (en) | 2002-06-25 | 2003-06-13 | Device for regulating the voltage in generators by means of coil tapping and a control relay |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1516423A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2005531272A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20050012795A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1663109A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003245937A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE10228226B4 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2004134334A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004001951A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101847908A (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2010-09-29 | 福州力鼎动力有限公司 | Power supply system and method of generator |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1028202A (en) * | 1912-02-16 | 1912-06-04 | Don C Foye | Electric magneto-machine. |
| DE1926317A1 (en) * | 1969-05-23 | 1970-11-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Voltage regulator for a permanent magnet generator |
| DE2659600A1 (en) * | 1976-12-30 | 1978-07-13 | Siemens Ag | Permanent magnet excited AC generator - has constant voltage characteristic supported by periodic short circuiting of control winding |
| DE3543809A1 (en) * | 1985-12-12 | 1987-06-19 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | PERMANENT MAGNETIC SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE |
| DE10047287A1 (en) * | 2000-09-20 | 2002-04-04 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Arrangement and method for generating different output voltages with an AC generator |
-
2002
- 2002-06-25 DE DE10228226A patent/DE10228226B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-06-13 AU AU2003245937A patent/AU2003245937A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-06-13 CN CN038149826A patent/CN1663109A/en active Pending
- 2003-06-13 RU RU2004134334/09A patent/RU2004134334A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-06-13 JP JP2004514708A patent/JP2005531272A/en active Pending
- 2003-06-13 EP EP03738024A patent/EP1516423A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-06-13 WO PCT/EP2003/006220 patent/WO2004001951A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-06-13 KR KR10-2004-7020400A patent/KR20050012795A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101847908A (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2010-09-29 | 福州力鼎动力有限公司 | Power supply system and method of generator |
| CN101847908B (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2013-01-09 | 福州力鼎动力有限公司 | Power supply system and method of generator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1516423A1 (en) | 2005-03-23 |
| WO2004001951A1 (en) | 2003-12-31 |
| JP2005531272A (en) | 2005-10-13 |
| KR20050012795A (en) | 2005-02-02 |
| DE10228226A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
| AU2003245937A1 (en) | 2004-01-06 |
| DE10228226B4 (en) | 2005-02-10 |
| RU2004134334A (en) | 2005-08-27 |
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| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
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