CN1660825A - Method for preparing N-amino propyl morpholine - Google Patents
Method for preparing N-amino propyl morpholine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1660825A CN1660825A CN 200410011391 CN200410011391A CN1660825A CN 1660825 A CN1660825 A CN 1660825A CN 200410011391 CN200410011391 CN 200410011391 CN 200410011391 A CN200410011391 A CN 200410011391A CN 1660825 A CN1660825 A CN 1660825A
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Abstract
A process for preparing N-aminopropyl morpholine (APM) includes reaction between morpholine and acrylonitrile to obtain 3-morpholino acrylonitrile, refining, and hydrogenation reaction under existance of solvent, catalyst and cocatalyst.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of the needed raw material of a kind of synthesizing new antidepressant drug, relate in particular to a kind of preparation method of N-aminopropyl morpholine.
Background technology
N-aminopropyl morpholine is called N-(3-aminopropyl) morpholine or morpholinyl 1 again, and the 3-propylene diamine is called for short APM.It is a kind of important medicine intermediate, is mainly used in to produce the novel antidepressant thing, also as the important additives of senior lubricant, also can be used as the catalyzer and the solidifying agent of synthesis of polyurethane performed polymer abroad.
APM is to be raw material with morpholine and vinyl cyanide, makes through addition and shortening process.Be that raw material carries out addition reaction and makes the morpholinyl propionitrile with morpholine and vinyl cyanide at first, its chemical equation is:
Morpholine vinyl cyanide morpholinyl propionitrile (intermediate)
The morpholinyl propionitrile that obtains above hydrogenation in the presence of catalyzer obtains APM, simultaneously side reaction may take place, and generates dimorpholine and replaces dipropyl amine and morpholine replacement tripropyl amine, and its chemical equation is as follows:
Main reaction:
Morpholinyl propionitrile APM
Side reaction:
Morpholinyl propionitrile dimorpholine replaces dipropyl amine
Morpholinyl propionitrile morpholine replaces tripropyl amine
Find no the document of report APM synthetic method by retrieval.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of is raw material with vinyl cyanide, morpholine, through the preparation method of process interrupter method APM such as addition, shortening.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of preparation method of N-aminopropyl morpholine, carry out successively as follows:
(1) the morpholinyl propionitrile is synthetic: the mol ratio of raw material morpholine and vinyl cyanide is 1.0～1.3: 1, the morpholine of requirement is added in the reactor, slowly drip wherein with 1.5～5 hours vinyl cyanide under the violent stirring requirement, continue reaction 0.5～2 hour, temperature of reaction is 30～60 ℃, and its product removes down one-step refining;
(2) the morpholinyl propionitrile is refining: above-mentioned (1) is made the product rectification under vacuum remove front-end volatiles, still liquid is the morpholinyl propionitrile;
(3) APM's is synthetic: above-mentioned (2) are obtained refining morpholinyl propionitrile, required catalyzer and solvent and promotor, join in the autoclave successively, in the weight of morpholinyl propionitrile+solvent, catalyst levels accounts for 1～1.5%, and solvent accounts for 50-80%; The promotor consumption is the 10-20% of catalyzer; In 1.0～6.0Mpa and 80～200 ℃ of following hydrogenation, react and obtained the APM crude product in 2-6 hour, remove down one-step refining;
(4) APM's is refining: with the APM crude product that above-mentioned (3) make, rectifying and dewatering under the normal pressure is made with extra care with rectification under vacuum then.
Above-mentioned preparation method, in its described morpholinyl propionitrile synthetic, the mol ratio of morpholine and vinyl cyanide is 1.05: 1, and temperature of reaction is 45 ℃, and the reaction times is 5 hours (referring to vinyl cyanide time of feed in raw material+add the time that the continuation of material back is reacted, as follows).
Above-mentioned preparation method, its described hydrogenation catalyst is metallic nickel, cobalt metal, ZYR-C Raney's nickel, thunder Buddhist nun cobalt, 5% platinum-carbon or 5% palladium carbon catalyst.
Above-described preparation method, its described hydrogenation catalyst is a cobalt metal.
Above-mentioned preparation method, used solvent is methyl alcohol, ethanol, Virahol, water, 25% ammoniacal liquor or liquefied ammonia in its described hydrogenation.
Above-mentioned preparation method, its described hydrogenation promotor is yellow soda ash, salt of wormwood, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, volatile salt or ammonia.But the easy crystallization of salt promotor is difficult for handling.
Above-mentioned preparation method, the used solvent of its described hydrogenation reaction is an ammoniacal liquor, and catalyzer is a cobalt metal, and promotor is an ammoniacal liquor.Reaction pressure is 3～4Mpa, and temperature of reaction is 130-150 ℃, and reaction times 3-5 hour, in the weight of morpholinyl propionitrile+solvent, solvent load was 50-80%, and the cobalt consumption is 1～1.5%, and promotor is the 10-20% of catalyst levels.
Raw material abundance of the present invention, cheap, production cost is lower, and when synthesizing the morpholinyl propionitrile in the preparation, vinyl cyanide adopts slow dropping mode reinforced, prevents autohemagglutination.Product yield is higher.
Embodiment
Now the present invention is further described as follows in conjunction with embodiment:
Embodiment 1
(1) preparation of morpholinyl propionitrile
In the four-hole boiling flask of being furnished with agitator, thermometer, constant pressure funnel and reflux exchanger, add the 183g morpholine, then under violent stirring, with 3.5 hours the 106g vinyl cyanide slowly is added drop-wise to (morpholine: vinyl cyanide=1.05: 1mol) in the flask, continue reaction 1.5 hours, temperature of reaction is 45 ± 2 ℃.In the vinyl cyanide transformation efficiency is～100%, and the yield of morpholinyl propionitrile is 98.4%, prepares one-step refining down.
(2) the morpholinyl propionitrile is refining
To be added by the morpholinyl propionitrile that (1) makes in the rectifying Tata still, and vacuumize, be-0 at pressure.092-0.095Mpa under remove front-end volatiles, when tower top temperature is 45-165 ℃, reflux ratio is 6: 1～8: 1 o'clock, collects morpholine; When tower top temperature is raised to 165 ℃, stop the extraction cut.Just be intermediates morpholinyl propionitrile in the tower still, remove down the step shortening.
(3) preparation of APM
Product from above-mentioned (2) after refining is got 280g3-morpholinyl propionitrile, homemade 6.0g cobalt metal catalyzer, 300g ammoniacal liquor and is added to successively in the autoclave, boosts to 4.0Mpa after the capping and nitrogen dosing displacement is qualified, keeps not having in 10 minutes gas leakage qualified after pressure release.Then with the intrasystem nitrogen of hydrogen exchange, replacement completion is kept pressure 4.0Mpa, starts and stirs, open the anti-still stir shaft of above-mentioned high pressure water coolant, under medium rotating speed, stir and heat up, when temperature in the kettle is 130 ± 5 ℃, accelerate stirring velocity and constant temperature, react and finish reaction after 5 hours.With the morpholinyl propionitrile is benchmark, and the APM yield is 88.4%.
(4) APM's is refining
Above-mentioned (3) hydrogenation products is added to rectifying Tata internal heating heats up, when tower still temperature be 104-127 ℃, tower top temperature is 97-99 ℃, and control of reflux ratio is at 7-10: 1, the normal pressure deamination, just dewater, cat head with fixed attention ammonia absorb with 20% dilute sulphuric acid; When tower top temperature is raised to 105 ℃, stop dehydration, the connection vacuum system, control is pressed and is-0.092～0.095Mpa, and the control reflux ratio is 3～5: 1, and the collection tower top temperature is 61-127 ℃ a cut (being mainly water and a small amount of APM); When tower top temperature is stabilized in 129-132 ℃, reflux ratio is to collect product cut at 2: 1 o'clock, and collecting tower top temperature at last is 140 ℃ of later cuts, till cat head does not have overhead product.Refining yield is 93.3%, total yield of products 82.5%.
Embodiment 2
(1) preparation of morpholinyl propionitrile
Morpholine 226.6g, vinyl cyanide 106g, morpholine: vinyl cyanide=1.3: 1 (mol).The reinforced time of vinyl cyanide is 1.5 hours, and the reaction times is 2 hours (promptly fed in raw material 1.5 hours time+added by vinyl cyanide and expect the 0.5 hour time of back continuation reaction).58 ± 2 ℃ of temperature of reaction.In vinyl cyanide transformation efficiency 100%, morpholinyl propionitrile yield 98.7%.
(2) the morpholinyl propionitrile is refining
With they (2) in the examples of implementation, morpholinyl propionitrile yield is 92.9%.
(3) preparation of AMP
The morpholinyl propionitrile 280g that will obtain after will making with extra care by above-mentioned (2), 12.0g self-control metallic nickel catalyzer, 95% ethanol (solvent) of 300g, 1.5g yellow soda ash (promotor) reaction pressure 3Mpa, 150 ± 5 ℃ of temperature of reaction, the reaction times is 6 hours.The APM yield is 78.9%.
(4) APM's is refining
With implementing 1 they (4).The APM yield is 93.4%, is 67.6% in vinyl cyanide the finished product yield.
Embodiment 3-15
(1) preparation of morpholinyl propionitrile and refining
Operation is as embodiment 1 it (1), (2), and processing condition see Table each routine value corresponding in 1.
The preparation of morpholinyl propionitrile and process for refining condition and result among the table 1 embodiment 3-15
| Embodiment | Morpholine: vinyl cyanide (mol) | Vinyl cyanide drips the time (h) | Temperature of reaction (℃) | Reaction times (h) | Reaction yield (%) | Refining yield (%) | Total recovery (%) |
| ??3 | ????1.0∶1 | ????5 | ????30 | ????6 | ????93.4 | ??92.7 | ????86.6 |
| ??4 | ????1.0∶1 | ????5 | ????40 | ????6 | ????96.8 | ??93.0 | ????90.0 |
| ??5 | ????1.0∶1 | ????4 | ????50 | ????5 | ????95.7 | ??94.3 | ????90.2 |
| ??6 | ????1.10∶1 | ????4 | ????45 | ????5 | ????98.6 | ??92.3 | ????91.0 |
| ??7 | ????1.10∶1 | ????3 | ????50 | ????4 | ????98.2 | ??93.2 | ????91.5 |
| ??8 | ????1.20∶1 | ????1.5 | ????55 | ????2 | ????96.6 | ??91.5 | ????88.3 |
| ??9 | ????1.20∶1 | ????3 | ????30 | ????4 | ????95.7 | ??92.4 | ????88.4 |
| ??10 | ????1.20∶1 | ????4 | ????45 | ????5 | ????99.1 | ??92.1 | ????91.3 |
| ??11 | ????1.25∶1 | ????3 | ????40 | ????5 | ????98.1 | ??93.6 | ????91.8 |
| ??12 | ????1.25∶1 | ????2 | ????60 | ????3 | ????97.2 | ??91.6 | ????89.0 |
| ??13 | ????1.25∶1 | ????4 | ????50 | ????5 | ????98.7 | ??92.7 | ????91.5 |
| ??14 | ????1.30∶1 | ????3 | ????50 | ????4 | ????98.1 | ??93.0 | ????91.4 |
| ??15 | ????1.30∶1 | ????4 | ????40 | ????5 | ????99.2 | ??92.4 | ????91.7 |
Said reaction times=vinyl cyanide time of dripping+dripping off the back continues the reaction times (h).
(2) preparation of APM and refining
3-15 example 3-morpholine consumption is 280g, other raw materials and processing condition and the results are shown in Table 2 (attached).
The gentle % palladium carbon catalyst of 5% platinum-carbon is bought by Shenyang Chemical Engineering Inst; The ZYR-C Raney's nickel catalyst is bought from the company limited of river province emtallurgy research institute that dies; Raney's nickel catalyst is bought by Suzhou City grey hair catalyzer company limited.
Embodiment 16 (metallic nickel Preparation of catalysts)
In the 500ml beaker, add 200ml biphenyl; and be heated to 230～240 ℃; under agitation; slowly the 5lg nickel formate is added wherein, till no bubble produces, then; be cooled to 80 ℃; the distilled water that adds 120ml80 ℃ in beaker inclines upper strata biphenyl to go out, and dewaters under bottom catalyzer nickel and the water-nitrogen protection that coexists and soaks protection with the morpholinyl propionitrile then.(noting: must be isolated in the catalyst preparation process) with air
Embodiment 17 (cobalt metal Preparation of catalysts) cobaltous formate consumption is 80g, other all the same examples 16.
Synthetic, the refining raw material composition of table 2 APM and processing condition and result
| Embodiment | Morpholinyl propionitrile consumption (g) | Catalyzer | Promotor | Solvent | Reaction | Transformation efficiency (%) | Synthesis yield (%) | Refining yield (%) | Total recovery (%) | |||||
| Title | Consumption (g) | Title | Consumption (g) | Title | Consumption (g) | Temperature (± 5 ℃) | Pressure (MPa) | Time (h) | ||||||
| ????3 | ????280 | Cobalt metal | ????7.8 | Yellow soda ash | ????1.5 | Water | ????280 | ????120 | ????2.0 | ????5.5 | ????100 | ????86.4 | ????92.6 | ????80.0 |
| ????4 | ????280 | Cobalt metal | ????5.6 | Yellow soda ash | ????0.8 | Water | ????280 | ????150 | ????4.0 | ????3.5 | ????100 | ????84.2 | ????91.2 | ????76.8 |
| ????5 | ????280 | Cobalt metal | ????5.6 | Yellow soda ash | ????1.2 | Water | ????280 | ????200 | ????6.0 | ????4.0 | ????100 | ????80.7 | ????92.4 | ????74.6 |
| ????6 | ????280 | Cobalt metal | ????7.0 | NaOH | ????0.6 | Water | ????490 | ????150 | ????4.5 | ????2.0 | ????100 | ????73.2 | ????93.1 | ????68.1 |
| ????7 | ????280 | Cobalt metal | ????7.0 | NaOH | ????1.4 | Water | ????490 | ????170 | ????4.5 | ????2.0 | ????100 | ????67.2 | ????93.6 | ????62.9 |
| ????8 | ????280 | Cobalt metal | ????7.0 | Yellow soda ash | ????0.6 | Methyl alcohol | ????280 | ????150 | ????4.0 | ????3.5 | ????100 | ????80.8 | ????91.9 | ????74.3 |
| ????9 | ????280 | Cobalt metal | ????5.6 | Yellow soda ash | ????0.6 | Ethanol | ????280 | ????150 | ????4.0 | ????4.0 | ????100 | ????83.4 | ????92.7 | ????77.3 |
| ????10 | ????280 | Cobalt metal | ????5.6 | Yellow soda ash | ????0.6 | Virahol | ????280 | ????150 | ????4.0 | ????4.0 | ????100 | ????79.7 | ????92.2 | ????73.5 |
| ????11 | ????280 | Cobalt metal | ????11.2 | - | ????- | Ammoniacal liquor | ????490 | ????180 | ????5.0 | ????4.0 | ????100 | ????89.0 | ????93.0 | ????82.7 |
| ????12 | ????280 | 5％Pt-C | ????7.0 | - | ????- | Liquefied ammonia | ????490 | ????80 | ????1.0 | ????3.0 | ????100 | ????75.9 | ????93.6 | ????71.0 |
| ????13 | ????280 | 5％Pd-C | ????7.0 | - | ????- | Liquefied ammonia | ????490 | ????80 | ????1.0 | ????3.5 | ????100 | ????66.1 | ????93.3 | ????61.7 |
| ????14 | ????280 | The ZYR-C Raney's nickel | ????3.5 | - | ????- | Ammoniacal liquor | ????490 | ????120 | ????6.0 | ????5.0 | ????100 | ????76.5 | ????92.7 | ????70.9 |
| ????15 | ????280 | Thunder Buddhist nun cobalt | ????14.0 | - | ????- | Ammoniacal liquor | ????490 | ????180 | ????6.0 | ????4.5 | ????100 | ????80.2 | ????91.6 | ????73.5 |
Claims (7)
1, a kind of preparation method of N-aminopropyl morpholine, carry out successively as follows:
(1) the morpholinyl propionitrile is synthetic: the mol ratio of raw material morpholine and vinyl cyanide is 1.0～1.3: 1, the morpholine of requirement is added in the reactor, with 1.5～5 hours the requirement vinyl cyanide is slowly dripped wherein under the violent stirring, continue reaction 0.5～2 hour, temperature of reaction is 30～60 ℃, and its product removes down one-step refining;
(2) the morpholinyl propionitrile is refining: the product that is made by above-mentioned (1) is after rectifying removes and collect the product front-end volatiles under the vacuum, and still liquid just is the morpholinyl propionitrile;
(3) N-aminopropyl morpholine is synthetic: purified morpholinyl propionitrile, needed catalyzer and solvent and promotor that above-mentioned (2) are obtained, add in the autoclave successively, weight in morpholinyl propionitrile+solvent, solvent load accounts for 50-80%, and catalyst levels is 1-1.5%; The promotor consumption is the 10-20% of catalyzer, and in 1.0-6.0Mpa, 80-200 ℃ of following hydrogenation reacts and obtained N-aminopropyl morpholine crude product in 2-6 hour, removes down one-step refining;
(4) N-aminopropyl morpholine is refining: the N-aminopropyl morpholine crude product that above-mentioned (3) are made adds in the rectifying Tata still, and normal pressure dehydration down just obtains the purpose product through rectification under vacuum then.
2, preparation method according to claim 1, in its described morpholinyl propionitrile synthetic, morpholine and vinyl cyanide mol ratio are 1.05: 1,45 ℃ of temperature of reaction, the reaction times is 5 hours.
3, preparation method according to claim 1, its described hydrogenation catalyst is metallic nickel, cobalt metal, ZYR-C Raney's nickel, thunder Buddhist nun cobalt, 5% platinum-carbon or 5% palladium carbon catalyst.
4, according to claim 1 or 3 described preparation methods, its described hydrogenation catalyst is a cobalt metal.
5, preparation method according to claim 1, used solvent is methyl alcohol, ethanol, Virahol, water, 25% ammoniacal liquor or liquefied ammonia in its described hydrogenation process.
6, preparation method according to claim 1, its described hydrogenation promotor is yellow soda ash, salt of wormwood, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, volatile salt or ammonia.
7, preparation method according to claim 1, the used solvent of its described hydrogenation reaction is an ammoniacal liquor, and catalyzer is a cobalt metal, and promotor is an ammoniacal liquor, and reaction pressure is 3-4Mpa, and temperature of reaction is 130-150 ℃, and the reaction times is 3-5 hour; In the weight of morpholinyl propionitrile+solvent, solvent load accounts for 50～80%, and the cobalt consumption accounts for 1～1.5%, and the promotor consumption is 10～20% of a catalyst levels.
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| CN 200410011391 CN1286825C (en) | 2004-12-22 | 2004-12-22 | Method for preparing N-amino propyl morpholine |
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| CN 200410011391 CN1286825C (en) | 2004-12-22 | 2004-12-22 | Method for preparing N-amino propyl morpholine |
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