CN1658479A - D.C. motor - Google Patents
D.C. motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1658479A CN1658479A CN2004100042814A CN200410004281A CN1658479A CN 1658479 A CN1658479 A CN 1658479A CN 2004100042814 A CN2004100042814 A CN 2004100042814A CN 200410004281 A CN200410004281 A CN 200410004281A CN 1658479 A CN1658479 A CN 1658479A
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Abstract
This invention relates to a DC electromotor, including the stator and the rotor. Define the fixed magnetic pole character of one of the stator and the rotor as the fixing magnetic pole seed, and the other sides of the stator and the rotor as switching magnetic pole seed. There into, the fixing magnetic pole seed includes several fixing magnetic poles, and the switching magnetic pole seed contains several switching magnetic poles, and the sum of the switching magnetic poles is as K times as the fixing magnetic poles, and K is the plus integer more than 1. This invention can avoid activation dead corner and maintain high torsion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of DC motor, particularly relate to the asymmetric DC motor of magnetic pole of the magnetic pole and the stator (Stator) of a kind of rotor (Rotor).
Background technology
Motor is the motor that industrial quarters is commonly called as, its kind can be divided into DC motor (DC motor) and alternating current motor (AC motor) two big classes according to the power supply that uses, and then can be divided into stepping motor (stepping motor), servomotor (servo motor), brushless motor (Hall motor), single-phase AC motor, three phase induction motor, series excitation type DC motor, shunt excitation formula DC motor as if classifying with control mode, active mode and winding mode again, reach compound wound d.c electric motor etc.
Though the kind of motor is quite a lot of, but the basic principle of operation of various motor is all identical, all be to utilize electric current to flow through stator to produce magnetic field, when rotor also has magnetic field, owing to the magnetic line of force that cutting stator produced generates the rotation that rotation torque causes the rotor of motor.
Please consulting simultaneously shown in Figure 1A to Fig. 1 C, is that wherein a kind of existing known DC motor is rotated and structural representation.DC motor 100 wherein is existing known wherein a kind of DC motor, its structure be rotor 103 outside and stator 101 interior.Rotor 103 is to dispose the magnetic pole 21,23,25 and 27 that for example uses permanent magnet to make, and 101 of stators are the magnetic poles 29,31,33 and 35 that configuration can switch polarity, and its material for example is a silicon steel sheet.Can see that from Figure 1A the magnetic pole of the stator 101 of DC motor 100 is corresponding one to one with the magnetic pole of rotor 103, in other words be exactly the corresponding rotor magnetic pole of a magnetic pole of the stator.
In Figure 1A, DC motor 100 is to be in initial state.Next because the magnetic force same sex principle that there is a natural attraction between the sexes of repelling each other, rotor 103 all magnetic poles can be subjected to for example attraction of magnetic pole 29 of magnetic pole of opposed polarity on stator 101 as magnetic pole 21, and be subjected on stator 101 for example repulsion of magnetic pole 35 of same polarity magnetic pole, make rotor 103 beginnings to clockwise direction, and the axle center with stator 101 begins to rotate as rotating shaft, shown in Figure 1B.When rotor 103 rotated to shown in Fig. 1 C the position, each magnetic pole of stator 101 will switched magnetic, and for example magnetic pole 35 will switch to N utmost point magnetic pole by S utmost point magnetic pole, and so rotor 103 just can continue to rotate by magnetic force.
In DC motor 100, when stator 101 each pole polarity were switched, having a place was the low torsion district of the two poles of the earth suction and repulsion balance, and the front and back section can make the torsion of rotor 103 diminish herein, thereby need to rely on inertia force and break away from this low torsion district, make the running that DC motor 100 continues.If but DC motor 100 is when for example just having activated, the inertia force of rotor 103 is to be not enough to leave this low torsion district, so in existing known techniques, when DC motor 100 activates, need bigger electric current, overcome maximum static friction force in inefficient mode, rotor 103 push-and-pulls are left this low torsion zone and finished activation.
Designed full-balance power motor in Taiwan patent case number No. 90102693 (invention is artificially sternly seted out, tight state guest), its shortcoming is that each unit of its stator need reach the rotation that seven magnetic poles are controlled rotor, not only cause the difficulty on the Circuit Design, and also made its adaptable field be subjected to great restriction.In addition, this full-balance power motor needs to design several zero utmost points on its stator, has also therefore caused the waste on the pole design.
This shows that above-mentioned existing DC motor still has defective, and demands urgently further being improved.In order to solve the problem that DC motor exists, relevant manufacturer there's no one who doesn't or isn't seeks solution painstakingly, but do not see always that for a long time suitable design finished by development, and common product does not have appropriate structure to address the above problem, this obviously is the problem that the anxious desire of relevant dealer solves.
Because the defective that above-mentioned existing DC motor exists, the inventor is based on being engaged in this type of product design manufacturing abundant for many years practical experience and professional knowledge, actively studied innovation, in the hope of founding a kind of new DC motor, can improve general existing DC motor, make it have more practicality.Through constantly research, design, and after studying sample and improvement repeatedly, create the present invention who has practical value finally.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, overcome the defective that existing DC motor exists, and a kind of DC motor of new structure is provided, technical problem to be solved is to make it can stop to activate dead angle (Starting Dead Angle) and keep high torsion, thereby is suitable for practicality more.
Another object of the present invention is to, a kind of DC motor is provided, and technical problem to be solved is to make it make DC motor of the present invention have higher rotational efficienty by brush or brushless control circuit are arranged, and the loss that can save electric energy, thereby be suitable for practicality more.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems realizes by the following technical solutions.According to a kind of DC motor that the present invention proposes, it comprises: a rotor has N utmost point magnetic pole and S utmost point magnetic pole; An and stator, have N utmost point magnetic pole and S utmost point magnetic pole, wherein, defining one of them each pole polarity person of immobilizing of this rotor and this stator is fixed magnetic pole, it comprises most fixed magnetic poles, and define this rotor and this stator another be one to switch magnetic pole, it also comprises that most switch magnetic poles, then the magnetic pole sum of this switching magnetic pole be this fixed magnetic pole the magnetic pole sum K doubly, K is the positive integer greater than 1.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems also can be applied to the following technical measures to achieve further.
Aforesaid DC motor, wherein said switching magnetic pole is by switching its each pole polarity, make this rotor be in stress, when this rotor is this fixed magnetic pole period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, in the corresponding scope of respectively this fixed magnetic pole of this fixed magnetic pole, this switching magnetic pole of dissimilar polarities is this switchings magnetic pole one predetermined angle with the leading identical polar of the direction of rotor rotation, and respectively this pole pair of this fixed magnetic pole to answer sums of those switching magnetic poles of being contained in the scope are K.
Aforesaid DC motor, wherein said switching magnetic pole is by switching its each pole polarity, make this rotor be in stress, when this rotor is this switching magnetic pole period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, in the corresponding scope of respectively this fixed magnetic pole of this fixed magnetic pole, this switching magnetic pole of identical polar is this switchings magnetic pole one predetermined angle with the leading dissimilar polarities of the direction of rotor rotation, and respectively this pole pair of this fixed magnetic pole to answer sums of those switching magnetic poles of being contained in the scope are K.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems also adopts following technical scheme to realize.According to a kind of DC motor that the present invention proposes, it comprises: a rotor has N utmost point magnetic pole and S utmost point magnetic pole; One stator has N utmost point magnetic pole and S utmost point magnetic pole; An and control circuit, be to couple an external power source, wherein, defining one of them each pole polarity person of immobilizing of this rotor and this stator is fixed magnetic pole, and define this rotor and this stator another be one to switch magnetic pole, then the magnetic pole sum of this switching magnetic pole be this fixed magnetic pole the magnetic pole sum K doubly, K is the positive integer greater than 1, in addition, this DC motor is each pole polarity and its switching time of control of switching this switching magnetic pole by this control circuit, makes this rotor be in stress.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems also can be applied to the following technical measures to achieve further.
Aforesaid DC motor, wherein said control circuit comprises: locating unit, in order to the magnetic pole of this fixed magnetic pole of sensing part relative position with the magnetic pole of corresponding this switching magnetic pole; One processing unit is to couple this positioning unit; And an output unit, be to couple this processing unit, wherein this processing unit is according to the magnetic pole of this fixed magnetic pole of the part relative position with the magnetic pole of corresponding this switching magnetic pole, controls the polarity that output unit switches each magnetic pole in this switching magnetic pole.
Aforesaid DC motor, wherein said positioning unit is a Hall integrated circuit (IC) and a Hall subassembly the two one of them, according to the magnetic pole of this fixed magnetic pole of part and the relative position of the magnetic pole of corresponding this switching magnetic pole, locate signal to this processing unit and send one.
Aforesaid DC motor, wherein said processing unit comprise a digital signal treatment circuit and a traditional equivalent electric circuit the two one of them, in order to export a controlling signal according to this location signal.
Aforesaid DC motor, wherein said output unit comprises: a first transistor, the base terminal of this first transistor is to receive this controlling signal, and the first collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end of this first transistor is to couple this DC power supply, in addition, the second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end of this first transistor is to couple this switching magnetic pole; One transistor seconds, the base terminal of this transistor seconds are to receive this controlling signal, and the first collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end of this transistor seconds is to couple this DC power supply, and in addition, the second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end of this transistor seconds is to couple this switching magnetic pole; One the 3rd transistor, the 3rd transistorized base terminal are to receive this controlling signal, and the 3rd transistorized first collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end is the second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end that couples this first transistor, and in addition, the 3rd transistorized second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end is a ground connection; And one the 4th transistor, the 4th transistorized base terminal is to receive this controlling signal, and the 4th transistorized first collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end is the second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end that couples this transistor seconds, and in addition, the 4th transistorized second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end is a ground connection.
Aforesaid DC motor, the magnetic pole of wherein said switching magnetic pole are with the serial or parallel connection and realizing in addition of the magnetizing coil more than two groups.
Aforesaid DC motor, wherein said control circuit more comprise the fast module of a control, are that output one pulse width modulation signal is to this processing unit, in order to the rotating speed of this rotor of modulation.
Aforesaid DC motor, wherein said positioning unit, this processing unit and this output unit are to realize with a brush module, and this brush module couples this rotor, make this rotor be in stress in order to each pole polarity of switching this rotor.
Aforesaid DC motor, wherein said control circuit more comprise the fast module of a control, are to receive the electric power that this DC power supply provided, in order to the rotating speed of this rotor of modulation.
The present invention compared with prior art has tangible advantage and beneficial effect.By above technical scheme as can be known, in order to reach aforementioned goal of the invention, major technique of the present invention thes contents are as follows:
The invention provides a kind of DC motor, comprised rotor and stator.This rotor is to have N utmost point magnetic pole and S utmost point magnetic pole, and similarly, stator also has N utmost point magnetic pole and S utmost point magnetic pole.In one of them each pole polarity of this definition rotor and stator is that the person of immobilizing is fixed magnetic pole (FixingMagnetic Pole Unit), and another of definition rotor and stator is then for switching magnetic pole (Switching Magnetic Pole Unit).Wherein, fixed magnetic pole has comprised several fixed magnetic poles, and switch magnetic pole comprise that too several switch magnetic pole, and the K of the magnetic pole sum that to switch the sub-magnetic pole sum of magnetic pole be fixed magnetic pole is doubly, K is the positive integer greater than 1.
In the present invention, switching magnetic pole is by the polarity of switching its each magnetic pole, make rotor be in stressed state, and work as rotor is the fixed magnetic pole period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, in the corresponding scope of each magnetic pole of fixed magnetic pole, the switching magnetic pole of dissimilar polarities is the predetermined angle of switching magnetic pole with the leading identical polar of the direction of rotor rotation, and each pole pair of fixed magnetic pole to answer the sum of the switching magnetic pole of being contained in the scope be K.
And work as rotor is to switch the magnetic pole period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, each pole pair of fixed magnetic pole is answered in the scope, the switching magnetic pole of identical polar then takes the lead predetermined angle of switching magnetic pole of dissimilar polarities with the direction of rotor rotation, similarly, to answer the sum of the switching magnetic pole of being contained in the scope be K to each pole pair of fixed magnetic pole.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, fixed magnetic pole is to comprise permanent magnet, switches magnetic pole and then comprises electromagnet.And in another embodiment, fixed magnetic pole and switching magnetic pole all comprise electromagnet.
From another viewpoint, the present invention also provides a kind of DC motor, and it comprises rotor, stator and control circuit.Similarly, rotor and stator all have N utmost point magnetic pole and S utmost point magnetic pole, and are that one of them each pole polarity person of immobilizing of definition rotor and stator is fixed magnetic pole, and another of definition rotor and stator is for switching magnetic pole.Wherein, the magnetic pole that switches magnetic pole add up to fixed magnetic pole the magnetic pole sum K doubly, and K is the positive integer greater than 1.In addition, DC motor of the present invention is to switch each pole polarity of above-mentioned switching magnetic pole and the opportunity of its switching of control by control circuit, makes rotor be in stressed state always.
Under preferable situation, control circuit comprises positioning unit, processing unit and output unit.And positioning unit is to be used for the relative position of magnetic pole of magnetic pole switching magnetic pole pairing with it of sensing one of them or several fixed magnetic pole.In addition, processing unit is to couple positioning unit, and switch the relative position of each magnetic pole of magnetic pole according to each magnetic pole of this fixed magnetic pole with corresponding this, control the output unit that couples mutually with processing unit, switch the polarity of each magnetic pole in above-mentioned switching magnetic pole.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned positioning unit of mentioning then is Hall integrated circuit (Hall IC is hereinafter to be referred as Hall IC) or Hall unit (Hall Element).Hall IC is according to the magnetic pole of the partial fixing magnetic pole relative position with the magnetic pole of corresponding switching magnetic pole, and sends the location signal to processing unit.
In addition, the processing unit of last example comprises digital signal processing (DSP) circuit or traditional equivalent electric circuit, is to export controlling signal according to the location signal that positioning unit is imported.
In addition, the first transistor, transistor seconds, the 3rd transistor and the 4th transistor have then been comprised with the output unit that processing unit couples mutually.In the first transistor, its first collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end then couples DC power supply, and in addition, its second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end is to couple to switch magnetic pole.And in transistor seconds, its first collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end equally also is to couple DC power supply, and its second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end is to couple to switch magnetic pole.In the 3rd transistor, its first collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end is the second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end that couples this first transistor, and its second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end then is a ground connection.In the 4th transistor, its first collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end is the second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end that is coupled to transistor seconds, and its second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end equally also is a ground connection.In above the first transistor, transistor seconds, the 3rd transistor and the 4th transistor, the controlling signal that its base terminal all receives processing unit and produced.
In addition, the magnetic pole in above-mentioned switching magnetic pole of mentioning is to realize with series connection or parallel connection with the magnetizing coil more than two groups (Field Coil).
Under preferable situation, control circuit also comprise the control fast module (module), this control fast module be output pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to processing unit, with control rotor rotating speed can keep stable.
In another embodiment, positioning unit, processing unit and output unit then are to realize with the brush module.The brush module is to couple rotor, makes rotor be in stressed state with each pole polarity of Switch Rotor.
In sum, the invention enables fixed magnetic pole and the magnetic pole that switches magnetic pole to add up to K relation doubly, make DC motor of the present invention can stop to activate the dead angle and keep high torque value.
In addition, DC motor of the present invention can be with having brush and brushless control mode to realize that so the present invention can design according to different users's demand.
Via as can be known above-mentioned, the invention relates to a kind of DC motor, comprise rotor and stator.One of them each pole polarity of definition rotor and stator is that the person of immobilizing is fixed magnetic pole, and another of definition rotor and stator is then for switching magnetic pole.Wherein, fixed magnetic pole comprises several fixed magnetic poles, comprises that too several switch magnetic pole and switch magnetic pole, and the K of the magnetic pole sum that to switch the sub-magnetic pole sum of magnetic pole be fixed magnetic pole doubly, and K is the positive integer greater than 1.DC motor of the present invention can be stopped to activate the dead angle and keep high torsion.
By technique scheme, the present invention has following advantage at least:
1, because switch the magnetic pole of magnetic pole add up to fixed magnetic pole the magnetic pole sum K doubly, so low torsion district that can polarity suction and repulsion balance and makes DC motor of the present invention can stop to activate the dead angle in the running and keeps high torsion.
2, the control circuit of DC motor of the present invention can be with having brush or brushless is realized, rotor and stator also can exchange design simultaneously, thereby at different using times, DC motor of the present invention can satisfy the demand of varying environment.
3, DC motor of the present invention makes convenience increase as long as each pole polarity exchange of stator or rotor just can be reached the purpose of reverse.In addition, be familiar with the utilization that this skill person also can consider according to the torsion demand of various occasions and space and cost, the diameter of stator of the present invention or rotor or the thickness of lamination can be increased and decreased, to cooperate actual needs.
4, in DC motor of the present invention, fixed magnetic pole only needs the fixed magnetic pole of one group of N, S magnetic pole promptly can operate, and switch magnetic pole and also do not need to waste a magnetic pole as empty magnetic pole, thereby make the control circuit difficulty of design DC motor of the present invention descend, and also can reduce the expenditure of cost.
In sum, the DC motor of special construction of the present invention can be stopped to activate dead angle (StartingDead Angle) and keep high torsion; It can make DC motor of the present invention have higher rotational efficienty by brush or brushless control circuit are arranged in addition, and the loss that can save electric energy.It has above-mentioned many advantages and practical value, and in like product, do not see have similar structural design to publish or use and really genus innovation, no matter it structurally or bigger improvement all arranged on the function, have technically than much progress, and produced handy and practical effect, and more existing DC motor has the multinomial effect of enhancement, thus be suitable for practicality more, and have the extensive value of industry, really be a new and innovative, progressive, practical new design.
Above-mentioned explanation only is the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, for can clearer understanding technological means of the present invention, and can be implemented according to the content of specification, below with preferred embodiment of the present invention and conjunction with figs. describe in detail as after.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A to Fig. 1 C is wherein a kind of rotation and structural representation that has known DC motor now.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation according to the DC motor of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 C is the rotation schematic diagram according to the DC motor of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation according to the DC motor of third embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation according to the DC motor of fourth embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 A is the control circuit calcspar of the DC motor of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 B is the full-bridge circuit figure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 C is the control circuit calcspar according to the DC motor of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 D is the control circuit calcspar according to the DC motor of another embodiment of the present invention.
100: DC motor 101: stator
103,202,302: rotor 204,304,402,504: stator
21,23,25,27: magnetic pole 29,31,33,35: magnetic pole
41,43,53,63: fixed magnetic pole 45,47,49: switch magnetic pole
51,55,57,59: switch magnetic pole 61,65,67: switch magnetic pole
69,73: collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end 71,75,79,83: base terminal
81,85,87,89,91: collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end 200,300: DC motor
400,500: DC motor 404,502: rotor
601: motor module (module) 603: external power source
610: control circuit 612: positioning unit
614: processing unit 616: output unit
618: control fast module (module) 622,624,626,628: transistor
632: brush module (module)
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to its embodiment of DC motor, structure, feature and the effect thereof that foundation the present invention proposes, describe in detail as after.
DC motor of the present invention according to the relative position of rotor and stator, can be divided into external rotor internal stator DC motor and internal rotor external stator DC motor.In addition, if with the kind of magnetic pole, when the rotor of DC motor of the present invention outside and stator when interior, the magnetic pole of rotor can be divided into two kinds of fixed magnetic pole polarity and changeable pole polarity.And when rotor at interior and stator outside the time, the magnetic pole of rotor can be divided into two kinds of fixed magnetic pole polarity and changeable pole polarity equally.And four kinds of above situations, the kind of the magnetic pole of stator is just relative with rotor.That is to say that when each magnetic pole of rotor is the fixed magnetic pole polarity chron, each magnetic pole of stator is changeable pole polarity just, and vice versa.Our definition at this, in rotor and the stator, its pole polarity is fixing person, is referred to as fixed magnetic pole, another then is called switching magnetic pole, represents that its magnetic pole is can switch polarity.
Seeing also shown in Figure 2ly, is the structural representation according to the DC motor of first embodiment of the invention.Below only the present invention is described with the DC motor among Fig. 2 200, the structure of the DC motor 200 of preferred embodiment of the present invention be rotor 202 outside and stator 204 interior, and each magnetic pole of rotor 202 is a permanent magnet, so rotor 202 is fixed magnetic pole.Relatively, just for switching magnetic pole, its each magnetic pole is the electromagnet that can switch pole polarity to stator 204.In the present invention, be the magnetic pole sum that will switch magnetic pole, be designed to fixed magnetic pole the magnetic pole sum K doubly, K is the positive integer greater than 1.For example in the DC motor 200, rotor 202 has fixed magnetic pole 41 and 43, and its magnetic pole sum is 2.And stator 204 has and switches magnetic pole 45,47,49 and 51, and its magnetic pole sum is 4, is 2 times of the magnetic pole sum of rotor 202, and hence one can see that, and above-mentioned K equals 2.
Seeing also shown in Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 C, is to rotate and structural representation according to the DC motor of second embodiment of the invention.DC motor 300 shown in Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 C, equally also be rotor 302 outside and stator 304 interior, and rotor 302 also is switching magnetic pole for fixed magnetic pole stator 304, and the magnetic pole sum of stator 304 also is 2 times (8: 4) of the magnetic pole sum of rotor 302 in addition.In Fig. 3 A, DC motor 300 is to be in initial state.Next see also shown in Fig. 3 B, each fixed magnetic pole of rotor can be as fixed magnetic pole 53, be subjected to the promotion that the switching magnetic pole of identical polar for example switches magnetic pole 55, and the switching magnetic pole of opposed polarity for example switches the attraction of magnetic pole 57 and 59, makes that rotor 302 begins to rotate in a clockwise direction.When rotor 302 for example turned to the predeterminated position shown in Fig. 3 C, the switching magnetic pole of part can as switch convert N utmost point magnetic pole to from S utmost point magnetic pole originally as the magnetic pole 57, or as switched and be converted to S utmost point magnetic pole from N utmost point magnetic pole originally as the magnetic pole 61.
In the present invention, when rotor is the fixed magnetic pole period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, that is to say that working as stator is to switch the magnetic pole period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, no matter rotor is internal rotor or external rotor, in the pairing scope of each fixed magnetic pole, the switching magnetic pole of opposed polarity, meeting is with predetermined angle of switching magnetic pole of the leading identical polar of direction of rotor rotation.The fixed magnetic pole 53 among Fig. 3 A for example, switching magnetic pole 57 and 55 have been comprised in its corresponding scope, and because rotor 302 is fixed magnetic pole, so with the switching magnetic pole 57 of fixed magnetic pole 53 same pole polarity, 55 1 predetermined angle of switching magnetic pole this predetermined angle in Fig. 3 A that is the leading different magnetic poles polarity of direction (being clockwise direction in the present embodiment) with rotor rotation is 45 degree.In addition, no matter how rotor rotates, the switching magnetic pole sum that comprises in the corresponding scope of each fixed magnetic pole of fixed magnetic pole is K.The fixed magnetic pole 53 among Fig. 3 B for example, though in its corresponding scope, comprised complete switching magnetic pole 57, and the switching magnetic pole 55 and 59 of part, the sum of the switching magnetic pole of adding up mutually still equals 2.
Seeing also shown in Figure 4ly, is the structural representation according to the DC motor of third embodiment of the invention.In the present embodiment, the rotor 404 of DC motor 400 at interior and stator 402 outside.In addition, stator 402 is electromagnet, and its pole polarity can change according to the position of each magnetic pole of rotor, so stator 402 is for switching magnetic pole.And rotor 404 is permanent magnets, and its pole polarity is changeless, so rotor 404 is fixed magnetic pole.Please continue to consult shown in Figure 4, when rotor is the fixed magnetic pole period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, no matter rotor is internal rotor or external rotor, in fixed magnetic pole in the pairing scope of each fixed magnetic pole, the switching magnetic pole of opposed polarity, meeting is with predetermined angle of switching magnetic pole of the leading identical polar of direction of rotor rotation.The switching magnetic pole 65 and 67 that comprises in the scope of fixed magnetic pole 63 correspondences for example, wherein, with the switching magnetic pole 67 of fixed magnetic pole 63 opposed polarities are directions (clockwise) with rotor rotation, 65 1 predetermined angle of switching magnetic pole of leading identical polar, this predetermined angle is 90 degree in the present embodiment.Similarly, no matter how rotor 404 rotates, the switching magnetic pole sum that comprises in the corresponding scope of each fixed magnetic pole of fixed magnetic pole (rotor 404) still is K (K=2).
Though among the above disclosed embodiment, rotor and stator one of them another is an electromagnet for permanent magnet, do not limit the present invention with this.Seeing also shown in Figure 5ly, is the dc motor structure schematic diagram according to fourth embodiment of the invention.In Fig. 5, the rotor 502 of DC motor 500 outside and stator 504 interior, but rotor 502 and stator 504 are all electromagnet.
Seeing also shown in Fig. 6 A, is the control circuit calcspar of the DC motor of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.Control circuit 610 is to receive external power source 603, and pass through output X and Y mode with the flow direction of change electric current, come to switch in the switching motor module 601 each pole polarity on magnetic pole (example as shown in Figure 3A), make that the rotor (example as shown in Figure 3A) of motor module 601 can stressed rotation.
Please continue to consult shown in Fig. 6 A, if motor 601 is brushless electric motivations, then in the control circuit 610, positioning unit 612 can use Hall IC to realize.For example the positioning unit 612 of Hall IC couples motor module 601, is used for the rotor of motor sensor module 601 and the relative position of stator, and output location signal vP is to processing unit 614.For example then export controlling signal vC to output unit 616, cross the electric current of pin X and Y, make rotor rotation in the motor module 601, and then make motor 601 runnings with control flows according to location signal vP for the output unit 616 of Digital System Processor.
Seeing also shown in Fig. 6 B, is the full-bridge circuit figure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.Output unit 616 can be realized with the full-bridge circuit among Fig. 6 B, comprising transistor 628,622,624 and 626.Its coupling method is as follows, and collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end 69 and 73 is to receive external power source VCC.Collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end 85 and 89 is to couple pin X, collect/emitter-base bandgap grading end 87 and 91 then is to couple pin Y.Collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end 81 and 85 is a ground connection in addition.Base terminal 71 and 83 is to receive controlling signal vC, and base terminal 75 and 79 then is controlling signal vC '.
Please continue to consult shown in Fig. 6 B, pin X and Y can couple for example magnetizing coil 605, and magnetizing coil 605 is to be used for being wrapped on the magnetic pole that switches magnetic pole.When controlling signal vC oxide- semiconductor control transistors 628 and 626 conductings, electric current I A will flow through magnetizing coil 605, and according to Faraday's law (Faraday ' s Law), magnetizing coil 605 will produce first magnetic field.Relatively, when controlling signal vC ' oxide- semiconductor control transistors 622 and 624 conductings, electric current I B also can make magnetizing coil 605 produce second magnetic field.And because electric current I A is different with the direction of electric current I B, therefore the polarity in first magnetic field and second magnetic field also can be opposite.And, just can make DC motor of the present invention to operate so that the pole polarity of switching on magnetic pole is changed along with continuous switch current IA and electric current I B.
Though the foregoing description only is to couple pin X and Y with magnetizing coil 605, be familiar with this skill person when knowing in actual conditions, can have several magnetizing coils to be wrapped on each magnetic pole of motor module in the motor module.Therefore, in the output unit of DC motor of the present invention, also can comprise several full-bridge circuits shown in Fig. 6 B, and each full-bridge circuit can have pin X and Y couples corresponding magnetizing coil.
Seeing also shown in Fig. 6 C, is the control circuit calcspar according to the DC motor of another embodiment of the present invention.Select among the embodiment at another, control circuit 610 can also comprise for example control speed module 618 of pulse-width modulation circuit.Control fast module 618 and for example can export pulse width modulation signal vpwm, be used for the rotating speed of rotor of modulation motor module 601 to processing unit 614.And in the embodiment of another selection, control the output of fast module 618, can directly be coupled to output unit 616.Therefore, output unit 616 just can directly come the rotating speed of the rotor of modulation motor module 601 according to the output of the fast module 618 of control.
Fig. 6 D is the control circuit calcspar according to the DC motor of another embodiment of the present invention.Please consult simultaneously shown in Fig. 6 D and Fig. 6 C, when motor module 601 is when brush motor is arranged, then the positioning unit 612 in the control circuit 610, processing unit 614 and output unit 616 can use brush module 632 to realize.
Though in Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 C and Fig. 6 D, control circuit 610 is the outsides that are disposed at motor module 601.But do not limit the present invention with this.Be familiar with this skill person and can control circuit 610 be incorporated into the inside of motor module 601 according to the needs of actual conditions.
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, yet be not in order to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, in not breaking away from the technical solution of the present invention scope, when the technology contents that can utilize above-mentioned announcement is made a little change or is modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, in every case be the content that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention, according to technical spirit of the present invention to any simple modification that above embodiment did, equivalent variations and modification all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1, a kind of DC motor is characterized in that it comprises:
One rotor has N utmost point magnetic pole and S utmost point magnetic pole; And
One stator has N utmost point magnetic pole and S utmost point magnetic pole,
Wherein, defining one of them each pole polarity person of immobilizing of this rotor and this stator is fixed magnetic pole, it comprises most fixed magnetic poles, and define this rotor and this stator another be one to switch magnetic pole, it also comprises that most switch magnetic pole, then the magnetic pole sum of this switching magnetic pole be this fixed magnetic pole the magnetic pole sum K doubly, K is the positive integer greater than 1.
2, DC motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that wherein said switching magnetic pole is by switching its each pole polarity, make this rotor be in stress, when this rotor is this fixed magnetic pole period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, in the corresponding scope of respectively this fixed magnetic pole of this fixed magnetic pole, this switching magnetic pole of dissimilar polarities is this switchings magnetic pole one predetermined angle with the leading identical polar of the direction of rotor rotation, and respectively this pole pair of this fixed magnetic pole to answer sums of those switching magnetic poles of being contained in the scope are K.
3, DC motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that wherein said switching magnetic pole is by switching its each pole polarity, make this rotor be in stress, when this rotor is this switching magnetic pole period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, in the corresponding scope of respectively this fixed magnetic pole of this fixed magnetic pole, this switching magnetic pole of identical polar is this switchings magnetic pole one predetermined angle with the leading dissimilar polarities of the direction of rotor rotation, and respectively this pole pair of this fixed magnetic pole to answer sums of those switching magnetic poles of being contained in the scope are K.
4, a kind of DC motor is characterized in that it comprises:
One rotor has N utmost point magnetic pole and S utmost point magnetic pole;
One stator has N utmost point magnetic pole and S utmost point magnetic pole; And
One control circuit is to couple an external power source,
Wherein, defining one of them each pole polarity person of immobilizing of this rotor and this stator is fixed magnetic pole, and define this rotor and this stator another be one to switch magnetic pole, then the magnetic pole sum of this switching magnetic pole be this fixed magnetic pole the magnetic pole sum K doubly, K is the positive integer greater than 1, in addition, this DC motor is each pole polarity and its switching time of control of switching this switching magnetic pole by this control circuit, makes this rotor be in stress.
5, DC motor according to claim 4 is characterized in that wherein said control circuit comprises:
Locating unit is in order to the magnetic pole of this fixed magnetic pole of the sensing part relative position with the magnetic pole of corresponding this switching magnetic pole;
One processing unit is to couple this positioning unit; And
One output unit is to couple this processing unit,
Wherein this processing unit is according to the magnetic pole of this fixed magnetic pole of part and the relative position of the magnetic pole of corresponding this switching magnetic pole, controls the polarity that output unit switches each magnetic pole in this switching magnetic pole.
6, DC motor according to claim 5, it is characterized in that wherein said positioning unit is a Hall integrated circuit (IC) and a Hall subassembly the two one of them, according to the magnetic pole of this fixed magnetic pole of part and the relative position of the magnetic pole of corresponding this switching magnetic pole, locate signal to this processing unit and send one.
7, DC motor according to claim 6 is characterized in that wherein said processing unit comprises a digital signal treatment circuit and a traditional equivalent electric circuit the two one of them, in order to export a controlling signal according to this location signal.
8, DC motor according to claim 7 is characterized in that wherein said output unit comprises:
One the first transistor, the base terminal of this first transistor are to receive this controlling signal, and the first collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end of this first transistor is to couple this DC power supply, and in addition, the second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end of this first transistor is to couple this switching magnetic pole;
One transistor seconds, the base terminal of this transistor seconds are to receive this controlling signal, and the first collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end of this transistor seconds is to couple this DC power supply, and in addition, the second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end of this transistor seconds is to couple this switching magnetic pole;
One the 3rd transistor, the 3rd transistorized base terminal are to receive this controlling signal, and the 3rd transistorized first collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end is the second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end that couples this first transistor, and in addition, the 3rd transistorized second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end is a ground connection; And
One the 4th transistor, the 4th transistorized base terminal are to receive this controlling signal, and the 4th transistorized first collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end is the second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end that couples this transistor seconds, and in addition, the 4th transistorized second collection/emitter-base bandgap grading end is a ground connection.
9, DC motor according to claim 8, the magnetic pole that it is characterized in that wherein said switching magnetic pole are with the serial or parallel connection and realizing in addition of the magnetizing coil more than two groups.
10, DC motor according to claim 5 is characterized in that wherein said control circuit more comprises the fast module of a control, is that output one pulse width modulation signal is to this processing unit, in order to the rotating speed of this rotor of modulation.
11, DC motor according to claim 5, it is characterized in that wherein said positioning unit, this processing unit and this output unit are to realize with a brush module, this brush module couples this rotor, makes this rotor be in stress in order to each pole polarity of switching this rotor.
12, DC motor according to claim 11 is characterized in that wherein said control circuit more comprises the fast module of a control, is to receive the electric power that this DC power supply provided, in order to the rotating speed of this rotor of modulation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2004100042814A CN1658479A (en) | 2004-02-16 | 2004-02-16 | D.C. motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2004100042814A CN1658479A (en) | 2004-02-16 | 2004-02-16 | D.C. motor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1658479A true CN1658479A (en) | 2005-08-24 |
Family
ID=35007787
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2004100042814A Pending CN1658479A (en) | 2004-02-16 | 2004-02-16 | D.C. motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1658479A (en) |
-
2004
- 2004-02-16 CN CN2004100042814A patent/CN1658479A/en active Pending
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