CN1654415A - High-calcium low-iron magnesian dry method ramming mass and its production method - Google Patents
High-calcium low-iron magnesian dry method ramming mass and its production method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides one kind of high calcium low iron magnesia material as refractory ramming material and its preparation process. The present invention has materials including light burnt magnesia powder, light burnt dolomite powder, fused magnesia, superfine fused magnesia powder, iron oxide scale as rolling waste, iron oxide powder as steel making side product, and diesel oil. The present invention has high heat resistance, high load softening performance, high breaking strength, high heat shock performance, high slag corrosion resistance and thin furnace bottom sintered layer. It is especially new steel making process, and can maintain excellent performance at high temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of refractory materials, in particular to an unshaped refractory material, and particularly relates to an unshaped refractory material for a lining of a high-temperature smelting container.
Background
The bottom of the steel-making electric furnace, the bottom of the electric furnace for smelting iron alloy and the bottom of the heat exchange refining device are very important parts of smelting equipment, and the quality of the refractory materials used in the parts is directly related to the implementation of a new technology for quickly and efficiently smelting steel, high quality and low consumption, and also related to the safe production for avoiding furnace leakage accidents.
In the prior art, the working lining materials used for the bottom of a steel-making electric furnace, an electric furnace for smelting iron alloy and the bottom of a refining ladle are mainly divided into two types: one is to use bricks to build the furnace bottom, mainly using magnesia carbon bricks and burnt magnesia bricks. The magnesia carbon brick has large heat conductivity coefficient and poor compensatability, thus causing short service life and high cost; poor thermal shock performance of the burnt magnesia brick, easy crack stripping, poor mending property and SiO resistance in slag of the burnt magnesia brick2The corrosivity is poor, and the service life of the comprehensive reason is shorter. In addition, the furnace bottom is built by bricks, so that the material cost is high, the labor intensity of workers is high, the technology is laggard, and the use is less at present.
The other is low calcium (CaO 6% -9%) high iron (Fe)2O35% -8%) of magnesium dry-process ramming material. The ramming mass is Fe2O3As sintering agent, Fe2O3Is a non-refractory oxide with a melting point of 1576 ℃. Mixing Fe2O3Added into MgO-CaO series material, Fe in the sintering process2O3React with free CaO (fCaO) to produce 2CaO&Fe2O3(i.e. C)2F, melting point of 1449 ℃), impurity Al in raw material2O3React with fCaO to generate 4 CaO&Al2O3·Fe2O3That is (C)4AF, with a melting point of 1415 ℃), two or more low-melting-point minerals C2F and C4AF promotes the sintering of the dry rammed material at the bottom of the furnace. Obviously, the ramming material is liquid phase to promote sintering. The furnace bottom material contains Fe2O3The more the amount is, the better the sinterability of the hearth material is, the thicker the sintered layer is, and the more poor the high-temperature performance, the load softening property, the breaking strength, the thermal shock resistance and the slag erosion resistance of the hearth material are, and the shorter the life of the hearth is. In addition, in the current electric furnace steelmaking, molten iron is used as a raw material to replace scrap steel in order to reduce steelmaking cost and save energy. Because the Si content in the molten iron is higher than that of the waste steel material, Si is changed into SiO under the condition of electric furnace oxidation2The erosion of the hearth bottom material is aggravated, so the calcium is lowThe high-iron magnesium dry ramming mass is not suitable for the change of steelmaking raw materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-calcium low-iron magnesium dry ramming mass which is suitable for steel making and uses molten iron as a main raw material, can be rapidly sintered, and greatly improves the high-temperature performance, the slag resistance, the thermal shock performance and the service life of a working lining at the bottom of a furnace. Thereby overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the high-calcium low-iron magnesium dry ramming mass.
The high-calcium low-iron magnesium dry-process ramming mass of the invention uses the following raw materials: the light-burned magnesite powder, the light-burned dolomite powder, the fused magnesite superfine powder, the steel rolling waste iron scale or the steelmaking byproduct iron oxide powder and the diesel oil, and the high-calcium low-iron magnesium dry-process ramming mass comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:
MgO 64-87％、
CaO 10-30％、
Fe2O30.5-4％，
SiO20-1.2％，
Al2O30-0.5％，
diesel oil accounts for 0-0.3% of the total weight of the raw materials; the fineness of the electric melting magnesite submicron powder is less than or equal to 10 mu m, and the average fineness is less than or equal to 1.5 mu m; the granularity of the fused magnesia is 3-1mm and 1-0 mm.
The chemical components and the weight percentage of the components are preferably as follows:
MgO 68-86％、
CaO 12-25％、
Fe2O32-3.5％。
the high-calcium low-iron magnesium dry ramming mass has high CaO content and Fe content2O3Low content and thus higher resistanceSlag erosion performance and thinner sintering layer at the bottom of the furnace, thus preventing the bottom of the furnace from generating large cracks, avoiding furnace leakage accidents and prolonging the service life of the bottom of the furnace. The content of CaO in the ramming mass is 10-30 percent, and the content of Fe in the ramming mass is Fe2O3The content of CaO is 0.5-4%, while the content of CaO in the prior art is only 6-9%, and Fe2O3The content is 5-8%, so the hearth ramming mass of the invention contains more free CaO (fCaO). Has higher activity. CaO can easily capture SiO in slag2. Due to the fact that (i.e. C)2S) or (i.e. C)3S)。C2S and C3S is a high-melting-point compound, so that the viscosity of the slag can be increased, the slag is prevented from deeply permeating into the hearth bottom material, and the hearth is prevented from being continuously corroded by the slag. Therefore, the invention is particularly suitable for the new steelmaking process which takes molten iron as a furnace charge to replace scrap steel.
The high-calcium low-iron magnesian dry-process ramming mass uses the fused magnesia submicron powder as a high-temperature binding agent, so that the high-calcium low-iron magnesian dry-process ramming mass has higher high-temperature performance and high-temperature strength. The ramming material of the invention is mainly prepared by solid-phase sintering, and forms a high-temperature solid phase by the coagulation of superfine powder to be directly combined. Because the particle size of the superfine powder is very small (average is 1.53 mu m), the activity is very high, the integral sintering temperature of the ramming mass is reduced, and the high rheological property of the superfine powder drives the rheology of coarse particles, so that the particles are more closely stacked, and the air holes are more perfectly removed due to high filling property. The strength of the sintered layer is greater due to the high cohesion of the ultra-fine powder.
The furnace bottom ramming material uses diesel oil, which is attached to the surface of a coarse raw material in the preparation process, so that the later added fused magnesia ultrafine powder is uniformly distributed, and the particle segregation is prevented. Meanwhile, the diesel oil also has the functions of preventing the hydration of the superfine powder and preventing moisture.
The invention always keeps excellent high-temperature performance such as high temperature resistance, high temperature scouring resistance and the like in the high-temperature use process, thereby prolonging the service life of the furnace bottom, reducing the consumption and improving the steelmaking efficiency.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. respectively grinding the raw materials of the required light-burned magnesium powder, the light-burned dolomite powder, the steel rolling waste iron scale or the steelmaking byproduct iron oxide powder by Raymond mill to ensure that the content of the particle size of less than or equal to 0.088mm is more than or equal to 95 percent;
2. putting the finely ground raw materials into a wet mill, adding 2-5% of water, and mixing for 10 minutesto obtain a paste;
3. feeding the pug into a ball forming mill, pressing balls with the diameter of 30-60mm, stacking and naturally drying;
4. the dried ball is sent into a shaft kiln for calcination, the calcination temperature is 1650 and 1750 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 8 to 10 hours;
5. feeding the calcined ball into a jaw crusher and a counter-impact crusher for crushing, sieving powder by a multi-layer sieve, grinding part of the powder with a ball mill to obtain fine powder with the granularity of less than or equal to 0.088mm, and respectively storing the obtained four powder materials with the granularity of 6-3mm, 3-1mm and 1-0mm, and the granularity of less than or equal to 0.088 mm;
6. and (3) performing closest particle stacking and proportioning on the four powder materials, fused magnesia particles (3-1mm and 1-0mm) and the fused magnesia superfine powder according to an Andreassen equation, putting the required powder materials with the four particle sizes and the fused magnesia particles with the two particle sizes into a mixing roll, adding the required diesel oil for preliminary mixing for 5 minutes, adding the required fused magnesia superfine powder, mixing for 8 minutes again until the mixture is uniform, obtaining a finished product, and then packaging.
Detailed Description
The ramming material is laid on a permanent magnesia brick layer at the bottom of the furnace, each layer is 120-150mm thick, the ramming is repeated, and then new materials are added and the ramming is carried out again until the designed total thickness is reached. When the furnace bottom ramming material is used for the first time, low-power supply is used, oxygen is not blown before melting down, and furnace closing is carried out formultiple times, so that the furnace bottom ramming material has sufficient time to sinter and prevent floating.
The invention is applied to the small hearth of a 100-ton ultrahigh-power direct-current electric furnace in a certain steel mill, the service life of one time reaches 340 times, after proper repair, the service life of the furnace is 327 times, the comprehensive service life is 667 times, and the consumption of the bottom charge of one ton of steel furnace is 1.2 kg/t. The invention is applied to a 150-ton ultrahigh-power alternating-current electric furnace in a certain steel mill, 50 tons of molten iron are filled in each furnace, and compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the furnace bottom ramming material in the prior art: the maximum service life is 305 times, and the consumption of each ton of steel furnace bottom charge is 1.05 kg/t. The furnace bottom ramming material of the invention: the maximum service life is 385 times, and the consumption of each ton of steel furnace bottom charge is 0.86 kg/t. The invention is applied to 70 ton Consedi electric furnaces in a certain steel mill, each furnace of the furnace is filled with about 1/3 molten iron, the maximum service life reaches 545 furnaces, and the consumption of each ton of steel is 1.1 kg/t.
Example 1
Light-burned magnesium powder (burning loss is less than or equal to 3 percent, MgO is more than or equal to 94 percent, SiO2Less than or equal to 0.8 percent) of 600Kg, and light burned dolomite powder (less than or equal to 15 percent of burnt dolomite powder, 35 to 40 percent of MgO, 40 to 48 percent of CaO, and SiO2Less than or equal to 0.6 percent of 350Kg and ferric oxide powder (Fe)2O3≥80％、SiO2Less than or equal to 1.5 percent) of 50Kg, and is prepared according to 1 to 5 steps of the preparation method, wherein 40Kg of water is added in the step 2, wherein the diameter of the ball in the step 3 is 30mm, the calcination temperature in the step 4 is 1650-1680 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 8 hours; then 240Kg of powder with the granularity of 6-3mm, 184Kg of powder with the granularity of 3-1mm, 173Kg of powder with the granularity of 1-0mm, 185Kg of fine powder with the granularity of less than or equal to 0.088mm and fused magnesia with the granularity of 3-1mm (MgO is more than or equal to 97 percent and SiO is taken2Less than or equal to 1.5 percent and the volume density of the particles is more than or equal to 3.45g/cm3) 89Kg of fused magnesite (20 Kg) with the granularity of 1-0mm and 84Kg#Diesel oil 3Kg, fused magnesite superfine powder (MgO is more than or equal to 97%, SiO)2Less than or equal to 1.5 percent, less than or equal to 10 mu m of grain diameter and less than or equal to 1.53 mu m of average grain diameter) 42Kg, and is prepared according to the step 6.
Example 2
Light-burned magnesium powder (ignition loss is less than or equal to 12 percent, MgO is more than or equal to 78 percent, SiO2Less than or equal to 0.6 percent, CaO6-9 percent) of 720Kg, and light burned dolomite powder (less than or equal to 15 percent of burned dolomite powder, 35-40 percent of MgO, 40-48 percent of CaO, SiO2Less than or equal to 0.6 percent of 240Kg and ferric oxide powder (Fe)2O3≥80％、SiO2Not more than 1.5 percent) of 40Kg, and is prepared according to 1 to 5 steps of the preparation method, wherein 30Kg of water is added in the step 2, the diameter of the ball in the step 3 is 60mm, the calcination temperature in the step 4 is 1700 ℃ to 1750 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10 hours; then 240Kg of powder with the particle size of 6-3mm, 206Kg of powder with the particle size of 3-1mm, 196Kg of powder with the particle size of 1-3 mm, 185Kg of fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.088mm and 185Kg of fused magnesia with the particle size of 3-1mm (MgO is more than or equal to 97 percent, SiO is used2Less than or equal to 1.5 percent and the volume density of the particles is more than or equal to 3.45g/cm3)63Kg, particle size of50Kg, 20Kg of 1-0mm fused magnesia#Diesel oil 3Kg, fused magnesite superfine powder (MgO is more than or equal to 97%, SiO)2Less than or equal to 1.5 percent, the grain diameter less than or equal to 10 mu m and the average grain diameter less than or equal to 1.53 mu m)57Kg, and is prepared according to the step 6.
Example 3
Light-burned magnesium powder (ignition loss is less than or equal to 12 percent, MgO is more than or equal to 78 percent, SiO2Less than or equal to 0.6 percent, CaO6-9 percent) of 470Kg, and light burned dolomite powder (less than or equal to 15 percent of burned dolomite powder, 35-40 percent of MgO, 40-48 percent of CaO, SiO2Less than or equal to 0.6 percent of 500Kg, ferric oxide scale powder (Fe)2O3≥80％、SiO2Less than or equal to 1.5 percent) of 30Kg, and is prepared according to 1 to 5 steps of the preparation method, wherein 50Kg of water is added in the step 2, wherein the diameter of the ball in the step 3 is 40mm, the calcination temperature in the step 4 is 1680 to 1720 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 9 hours; then 240Kg of powder of 6-3mm, 221Kg of powder of 3-1mm, 196Kg of powder of 1-0mm, 185Kg of fine powder of less than or equal to 0.088mm and fused magnesia (MgO is more than or equal to 97 percent and SiO is more than or equal to 3-1 mm) with granularity2Less than or equal to 1.5 percent and the volume density of the particles is more than or equal to 3.45g/cm3)48Kg of fused magnesite 30Kg, 20Kg of 1-0mm in particle size#3.0Kg of diesel oil and fused magnesia ultrafine powder (MgO is more than or equal to 97 percent and SiO is less than or equal to 1.53 mu m in average grain diameter2Less than or equal to 1.5 percent and the grain diameter less than or equal to 10 mu m) of 77Kg, and is prepared according to the step 6.
The iron scale of the steel rolling waste and the iron oxide powder of the steel-making byproduct in the raw materials can be purchased in related factories, and other raw materials can be purchased in the market.
Claims (3)
1. The high-calcium low-iron magnesium dry-process ramming mass is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: the light-burned magnesite powder, the light-burned dolomite powder, the fused magnesite superfine powder, the steel rolling waste iron scale or the steelmaking byproduct iron oxide powder and the diesel oil, and the high-calcium low-iron magnesium dry-process ramming mass comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:
MgO 64-87％、
CaO 10-30％、
Fe2O30.5-4％，
SiO20-1.2％，
Al2O30-0.5％，
diesel oil accounts for 0-0.3% of the total weight of the raw materials; the fineness of the electric melting magnesite submicron powder is less than or equal to 10 mu m, and the average fineness is less than or equal to 1.5 mu m; the granularity of the fused magnesia is 3-1mm and 1-0 mm.
2. The high-calcium low-iron magnesium dry ramming mass according to claim 1, characterized in that:
MgO 68-86％、
CaO 12-25％、
Fe2O32-3.5％。
3. a preparation method of a high-calcium low-iron magnesium dry ramming mass is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) respectively grinding the raw materials of the required light-burned magnesium powder, the light-burned dolomite powder, the steel rolling waste iron scale or the steelmaking byproduct iron oxide powder by Raymond mill to ensure that the content of the particle size of less than or equal to 0.088mm is more than or equal to 95 percent;
(2) putting the finely ground raw materials into a wet mill, adding 2-5% of water, and mixing for 10 minutes to obtain a paste;
(3) feeding the pug into a ball forming mill, pressing balls with the diameter of 30-60mm, stacking and naturally drying;
(4) the dried ball is sent into a shaft kiln for calcination, the calcination temperature is 1650 and 1750 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 8 to 10 hours;
(5) feeding the calcined ball into a jaw crusher and a counter-impact crusher for crushing, sieving powder by a multi-layer sieve, grinding part of the powder with a ball mill to obtain fine powder with the granularity of less than or equal to 0.088mm, and respectively storing the obtained four powder materials with the granularity of 6-3mm, 3-1mm and 1-0mm, and the granularity of less than or equal to 0.088 mm;
(6) and (3) performing closest particle stacking and proportioning on the four powder materials, fused magnesia particles (3-1mm and 1-0mm) and the fused magnesia superfine powder according to an Andreassen equation, putting the required powder materials with the four particle sizes and the fused magnesia particles with the two particlesizes into a mixing roll, adding the required diesel oil for preliminary mixing for 5 minutes, adding the required fused magnesia superfine powder, mixing for 8 minutes again until the mixture is uniform, obtaining a finished product, and then packaging.
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| CN1112532A (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1995-11-29 | 辽宁海城中兴集团公司 | Processing method for magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and ferric oxide system synthetic sand |
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