CN1652118A - System and method for implementing underway and railway linear design by computer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a linear design system and design method for undergrounds and railways realized by computers, in particular to a method of automatically computerized design of a special linearity and an automatic system realized the method when designing tracks of undergrounds and railways, comprising a data input module, a linear calculating-unit module, a result screen-display module and a logic drawing module. The linear design system and design method is characterized in that: the data input module, the linear calculating-unit module, the result screen-display module and the logic drawing module are connected round the storehouse, and the logic drawing module comprises a figure drawing module and a physical drawing module; when the selected data are input to the storehouse, the results of linear analysis are respectively transmitted to the linear calculating-unit module, the result screen-display module and the logic drawing module, and then the linear design is realized. The linear design system and design method has the advantages of providing a new design method, realizing simpler and more precise design to the difficult design parts, being used for various routes for the design condition and the drawing and realizing the linear calculating and drawing to the track sections of variation.

Description

Utilize the subway of computer realization and the linear design system and the method for designing of railway

Invention field

The present invention relates to utilize the subway of computer realization and the linear design system and the method for designing of railway.More specifically, automatically utilize computing machine to design the method for the specific linearity when the present invention relates to a kind of can the design, and a kind ofly can realize system for carrying out said process automatically at track to subway and railway.The present invention can be applicable to the orbit Design of railway (state's iron, rapid transit railway), subway and light-duty electric train (monorail train etc.) well.

Background technology

As follows at the term definition that the present invention uses.The measuring center line is meant the center line of the route that records with respect to a certain facility, is called " measuring center " hereinafter for short.IP (point of crossing) refers to such an extent that be two point of crossing that different straight lines meet of route.Be called as " skeleton (skeleton) " by straight line portion and the formed linear segment of IP.Route (route) is meant the linear vertical structure that has narrow width as highway, railway, water pipe, connection, power cable etc.Be equiped with therein in the map in zone of route, the part that facility passed is formed by the shape according to straight line.Curved portion with a certain size is installed in each IP place of skeleton, and its radius is to determine according to the design standards of corresponding establishment.The route of being made up of straight line portion and curved portion is measuring center.Here, measurement point refer to be with corresponding route in one the fixed point corresponding position.Smooth curve (smoothing curve) partly refers to such an extent that be a kind of special curved portion, it is installed between straight line portion and the funiclar curve part, be used to make operation characteristic (runningcharacteristic) curved portion of track of highway or railway level and smooth, in the present invention, it shows as clothoid (clothoid) and three dimensional parabolic line (three degree parabola).On behalf of corresponding route, the linearity be formed in the middle of the plane, and the linearity comprises measuring center, measurement point label information and the required specification of facility building.

What linear design was represented is to construct the required route allocation of corresponding establishment, determine required specification and carry out overall calculation by selection, thereby determine a certain route according to the design standards of corresponding establishment.It is the work of at first carrying out in the building design.After linear design is finished, just carry out follow-up work such as vertical highway route design, horizontal path design and calculating executive cost etc.

Generally speaking, for assessment during the design or calculate executive cost, checking of routing (that is, linear design) work is not once at a route but carry out at a plurality of routes, just can determine best route like this.In addition, in design process, can inevitably carry out the linearity change.Here, tilt (cant) refers to such an extent that be, at vehicle when curved portion is travelled, in order to prevent from vehicle to be made to the phenomenon of extrapolation the Outboard Sections rising certain height of curved portion because of centrifugal force.In railway, rail has certain height.And highway has certain tilt quantity.In order to prevent any influence of above-mentioned phenomenon, curved portion should have big radius-of-curvature so that vehicle travels along straight line portion.In this case, because the condition restriction of corresponding region and the increase of executive cost, so be difficult to realize above-mentioned requirement.In order to address the above problem, can between straight line portion and funiclar curve part, install the smooth curve part.Figure 1A shows the shape of smooth curve.As shown in the figure, the smooth curve part is formed by straight line portion, first smooth curve part, second smooth curve part and another straight line portion.First smooth curve part and second smooth curve part are provided with clothoid part or three dimensional parabolic line part according to the kind of smooth curve.

Subway and railway can be divided into single track or double track.With different such as other fields such as highway, water pipes, train is along the rail running with restriceted envelope, perhaps can pass certain part.In the double track system, train travels on two circuits.Distance between the orbit centre (being called the rail heart) is designed to have minimum widith, thereby makes sidewall or intermediate studdle or collision mutually that train can the crash feature thing, and the distance between the rail heart of straight line portion and curved portion is different.When the minor increment of linear section is applicable to curve section, might occur that train collides mutually or train collides the danger of intermediate studdle or sidewall.In curve section, above-mentioned distance may be greater than the distance of linear section.Therefore, it is very important carrying out accurate section setting.Figure 1B shows the shape of track varied sections (orbit changesection).This track varied sections appears at wherein, and measuring center is in the section of rectilinear form.That is to say that two routes are divided into left side and right side by the measuring center with respect to rectilinear form.The curve that can occur the S shape usually.Above-mentioned track varied sections occurs under these circumstances, that is, and and owing to being connected and situation that the variation of route centre distance causes track to change of the installing of island station (island stop station), double track and single track.

Fig. 2 is the instance graph of the sidewalk method to set up of left and right sides track.As shown in the figure, inner track and outer side track are judged according to a kind of like this mode with respect to left side and right side route, promptly, the direct of travel that utilizes IP identification curved portion (promptly, clockwise direction, counterclockwise or straight line), then according to the outside and the inboard left side and the right side that sidewalk is installed in route of direct of travel.Therefore, in said method, processing procedure is difficulty very, and is easy to occur mistake.

When track was double track, the curved portion of the track of each IP can be divided into concentric circles and off-centre operation under the situation of the coupling of the central point between measuring center and the track centerline.In addition, when measuring center is under the situation of straight line at the intermediate point place of left and right sides track, also it can be categorized into a plurality of track varied sections.

Some companies worked out clothoid program and three dimensional parabolic sequence of threads and used them today.But their major parts are based on the MS-DOS mode, so function is quite limited.For example, in the clothoid program, can only use the concentric circles program usually.Can not in a program, calculate the center line of measuring center line and interior outer rail simultaneously.That is to say that this program is divided into the program of only calculating the measuring center line and the program of only calculating the center line of interior outer rail.Therefore, in the phase one, carry out to calculate the program of measuring center, in subordinate phase, utilize the result of phase one to calculate the program of inside and outside center line.Sometimes different result of calculation can appear in these two programs.In the three dimensional parabolic line,, calculate inaccurate though there is program can calculate off-centre operation I type.The measurement point of some program calculates benchmark and is used as the measuring center line, some program then with ball journal (sphere axis) center line as benchmark.That is to say, because work is to utilize different programs to finish, so follow-up work has a lot of difficulties.

In the part of traditional clothoid and three dimensional parabolic line, drawing can not be finished.In this case, just can only finish the design of a part, and drawing is very simple and layer functions is also very poor.In the subsequent design work that utilizes CAD (computer-aided design (CAD)), just there are a lot of problems like this.

Especially, also in the three dimensional parabolic line, come out by actual definition without any the measurement point computing method.Therefore, so reference center's line that measurement point calculates uses measuring center line or ball journal according to the slip-stick artist in the selection in measurement point computing interval.In real work, but when designing a project, whole working stage is divided into a plurality of away minor segment by a plurality of building constructors.When the design track, a company utilizes a kind of instrument to design track usually.The measurement point that calculates during the structural design is directly adopted.Therefore, the kind difference as reference center's line suitable during the fruit structure will be lack of consistency.So need to consider this species diversity and handle.

In the track varied sections, in theory almost without any introduction.Above-mentioned track varied sections line is the same with off-centre operation II type can not be by existing routine processes.In the track varied sections, need to consider that the benchmark with measurement point calculates is thought of as the measuring center line that is similar to concentric circles I and II.Under the situation of clothoid, calculating is to carry out according to the original circular curve in a left side and the right track (it has been represented at smooth curve and has not been formed on the center line that is formed by funiclar curve under the interior outer rail of subway and the situation that smooth curve is clothoid).When service routine,,, the needs employing adapts the specific straightforward procedure that to calculate the track varied sections based on linear method so being applicable to the center line calculation procedure of highway because the track varied sections is unprocessed.

Therefore, usually at left and right sides curve is set all, and come curve is handled according to identical width, in left and right sides width difference or track varied sections is under the situation of asymmetric (on the left of wherein curve only is installed in and in the side between the right side), need manually calculate, this calculating is very complicated.Even used the program that is applicable to highway or carried out " manually " calculating, also can take place the IP of back is calculated inaccurate situation.So in real work, because the former thereby asymmetry that get rid of off-centre operation II type and track varied sections as far as possible of the restriction of existing program or " manually " difficulty calculated etc. designs.

In subway and railway, train is to exercise on the track in restricted works space or intersect to row, so for sidewall, the intermediate studdle that does not make train crash feature thing, perhaps not collision mutually, the spacing between the rail heart will keep certain width at least.Therefore, in subway or railway, all calculate and all require millimetre-sized at least precision.In addition, not only all require correct calculating to the rail heart position of works but also to the center of works itself.But, up to the present also do not have the program that can satisfy the desired various types of design functions of practical business and satisfy required precision.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of subway that computer realizes and the linear design system and method for designing of railway utilized, and the linearity that it can realize excavating case (excavation box) structure and tunnel structure is calculated and to track be used for the linearity calculating and the designing and mapping of the rail heart of outer rail in each of single track tunnel and double track tunnel (double-rail track and single track parallel (single line parallel) track).

The present invention also purpose provides a kind of method for designing that various clothoids and three dimensional parabolic line are undertaken by the curve kind, and the method that designs the centre of sphere and the ball journal of the curve of the rail heart, inside and outside rail according to simple curve (single curve) method or smooth curve method separately.

A further object of the present invention provides a kind of like this method for designing, and it can change because of the island station among being arranged at that linear section, double track and single track are parallel and being connected when orbital spacing and realize calculating and drawing in the track varied sections during wire center interval variation.

To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of subway of computer realization and linear design system of railway of utilizing, it comprises: data input module; The linear computing element module; The result of calculation screen display module; And logic drawing module; Wherein said these modules be connected a storehouse around, described logic drawing module is formed by graphic plotting module on the screen and physics drawing module, and database is connected with described data input module, can select design specification and design Storage result thus, and when selected data are transmitted to described storehouse, the result of linear analysis (linearinterpretation) is sent to the described linear computing element module in the described storehouse, described result of calculation screen display module and described logic drawing module respectively, realizes linear design thus.

Here, described storehouse is according to the track linearity with adopt the group that forms with respect to the linearity as the orbit Design specification of the various linearities in highway, water pipe, railway, river etc. by the class that is used to calculate each detailed elements, coordinate and measurement point (class).

To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of subway of computer realization and linear design method of railway utilized, it may further comprise the steps: when the design specification coordinate is building coordinate system (civilcoordinate system), the value that changes X and Y is to become this coordinate system transformation inner mathematics coordinate system, judge the kind of smooth curve, and set the type of corresponding class; Design conditions specified in the environment set is arranged in the class; Judged whether the track varied sections; When having the track varied sections, the IP coordinate accurately is modified to rectilinear coordinates; Judge and setting inner orbit and outside track with respect to the left and right sides center line of IP; Calculate smooth curve according to IP with respect to institute's own centre line, and launch (develop) IP coordinate to be used for coordinates computed and to append distance; Judge the kind (single track, double track and single track parallel orbit) of track according to each center line; Kind according to described smooth curve automatically performs linear calculating; The class that final result of calculation is divided into seven center lines; Judge whether track is the clothoid track, when track is the clothoid track, calculate the starting point coordinate of simple curve and the end point coordinate of simple curve with respect to six center lines except that measuring center; And when the design specification coordinate was the building coordinate system, the value of exchanging X and Y was so that all coordinates that utilize the mathematics coordinate system to calculate are back to the building coordinate system, and function finishes then.

Here, described mathematics coordinate system is expression like this, and among coordinate X and the Y, X represents east, and Y represents north.Coordinate X and Y have been used in the field of many use coordinate X and Y, as card, graphic data system and map.In addition, the building coordinate system is a kind of like this coordinate system, and wherein the value of X and Y is exchanged.That is to say that X represents north, Y represents east.Before measuring technique obtained exploitation, above-mentioned coordinate system had been used in building fields of measurement and the known linear program, realized the purpose of comparatively simple coordinate Calculation to reach the measuring instrument that utilizes the building ground.

Description of drawings

By the following accompanying drawing of reference, the present invention will be understood more fully.These accompanying drawings have only played exemplary effect, rather than limitation of the present invention.In following accompanying drawing:

Figure 1A is the shape figure of the varied sections between the track;

Figure 1B is the shape figure of smooth curve;

Fig. 2 is the instance graph of the sidewalk method for designing of left and right side track;

Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of design system of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural drawing of scope of design of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the method for designing process flow diagram of linear analysis class;

Fig. 6 is based on the process flow diagram of the IP coordinate Calculation process of center line;

Fig. 7 is smooth curve linear calculation flow chart with respect to an IP when being clothoid;

Fig. 8 is key element and the coordinate Calculation process flow diagram based on center line under the clothoid situation;

Fig. 9 is the shape figure of clothoid;

Figure 10 is the curve shape figure of off-centre operation II type track;

Figure 11 is the measurement point calculated examples figure of track varied sections;

Figure 12 is with respect to the data computation process flow diagram based on center line of any point under the clothoid situation;

Figure 13 is smooth curve linear calculation flow chart with respect to an IP when being the three dimensional parabolic line;

Figure 14 is with respect to the data computation process flow diagram based on center line of arbitrary measurement point under the three dimensional parabolic line situation;

Figure 15 is the process flow diagram when the present invention is applicable to newton's algorithm;

Figure 16 is according to computer main screen picture displayed of the present invention;

Screen display when Figure 17 is the input design conditions;

Figure 18 is the screen display according to drawing environment of the present invention;

Figure 19 is the linear instance graph that calculates the summary table report of track;

Figure 20 is the instance graph of track linear computing element; And

Figure 21 is the linear design figure with concentric circles, track varied sections and off-centre operation II type.

Embodiment

Hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing composition of the present invention and operation are described.

As shown in Figure 3, analysis storehouse to all linearities is to form for the basis utilizes Object oriented programming with SE principle ((division and occupation) principle, order of classification (Hierarchical sequence) method are cut apart and occupied to abstract principle, shaping (shaping) principle).In linear analysis result, the consistance in all modules, accuracy utilize analysis result to be guaranteed.In addition, when changing and add function, can guarantee the easiness and the dirigibility of update routine.In design system of the present invention, be that the center connects data input module, linear computing element module, result of calculation display module and logic drawing module with linear analysis class (class) (hereinafter referred to as " storehouse (library) ").Above-mentioned logic drawing module is formed by graphic plotting module on the screen and physics drawing module.Data input module connects database, selects the data and the design Storage result that need thus.When selected data were input in the storehouse, the linear analysis result was sent to linear computing element module, result of calculation screen display module, the logic drawing module in the storehouse respectively, realizes linear design thus.

[built-in function]

The storehouse is all linear aggregates that calculate needed class.It is core of the present invention.All calculating with linear dependence are carried out at this.Therefore use all modules of linear result of calculation (such as: result displayed on the screen, formulate report, designing and mapping etc.) self to need not to calculate linear.

Only transmit the design specification data, this storehouse is carried out calculate, only extract the required entries purpose result of calculation value then and use and get final product to this storehouse.In the present invention, transmitting the design specification data to the storehouse only is responsible for by data input module.All modules that comprise data input module only use the result of calculation in storehouse to get final product.

So it is identical using the result of all dependent linearity programs in this storehouse.Even add new linear design method or change existing method, also can guarantee whole consistance and dirigibility.The storehouse that the present invention uses not only can be carried out the linearity of related track and be calculated, and can carry out the linearity calculating in whole building field.

As shown in figure 16, when in selection schemer in the main screen or when the data entry screen curtain changes a certain contents of a project, the design specification automatic data transmission is to the storehouse and calculated.Result of calculation is presented on the result of calculation display screen immediately.When design specification was transmitted, in case a design specification (being used for an IP) is sent to, flow process shown in Figure 5 was carried out in the storehouse, thereby constituted the class of this smooth curve automatically according to the kind of smooth curve.As shown in Figure 4, linear design is to carry out according to the scope of design of the kind of track and curve, and all result of calculation all is kept at the inside (that is, in the storer of computer) of class.Therefore, need in the module of result of calculation in for example data input module, linear computing element module, result of calculation screen display module and logic drawing module etc., only extract the project that needs in the project of in the storehouse, having calculated and having preserved and in the position of needs and type (for example, the numeral that radix point is following, the comma that inserts in the numeral etc.) show that it gets final product.So, in the present invention, when the linear new module beyond the module of needs use exploitation at present, need not develop linear calculating itself.Therefore, be easy to add new module.So just can under the situation of the consistance of not considering result of calculation, accuracy and mutual matching, address the above problem naturally.

In addition, and the new smooth curve kind beyond the smooth curve kind of adding exploitation at present (such as: in the time of the half-wave curve that on Japanese rapid transit railway the Shinkansen, uses), expanding library at an easy rate.

[structure of scope of design]

Fig. 4 is the structural drawing of scope of design of the present invention.

The present invention is divided into two kinds on clothoid and three dimensional parabolic line.This each of two kinds all is divided into monorail track, double-rail track and single track parallel orbit.Monorail track designs according to measuring center, the rail heart and ball journal.Double-rail track and single track parallel orbit are divided into concentric circles, off-centre operation I type, off-centre operation II type and track varied sections.Concentric circles, off-centre operation I type and off-centre operation II type have been added a special type respectively, and therefore design as shown in Figure 4.That is to say, under the situation of double-rail track and single track parallel orbit, can select nine kinds of curve types according to clothoid and three dimensional parabolic line.Under the situation of single track, do not need to import.That is, it is confirmed as concentric circles basically.

In the present invention, have seven main classes to form the inheritance of logical organization and linear analysis, they use in all functions usually.These classes comprise: track clothoid class, clothoid expansion class, clothoid class, track three dimensional parabolic line class, three dimensional parabolic line class, three dimensional parabolic line expansion class and simple curve class.Among the present invention, all irrelevant with the kind of smooth curve to the processing of single track, double track and single track parallel orbit.So track clothoid class or the track three dimensional parabolic line class selected automatically according to the kind of smooth curve are to be made of seven expansion classifications having represented seven center line kinds.Under the situation of clothoid, track clothoid class is made of seven clothoid expansion classes.Except clothoid element item and self element item, each clothoid expansion class also comprises a simple curve class that is used for respect to the original circular curve of each center line.Under the situation of three dimensional parabolic line, track three dimensional parabolic line class is made of seven three dimensional parabolic line expansion classes.Each three dimensional parabolic line expansion class is made of three dimensional parabolic line feature project and self element item.Owing in the three dimensional parabolic line, there is not original circular curve notion, thus different with clothoid be that it does not exist the simple curve class that is used for original circular curve.

Fig. 5 is the method for designing process flow diagram of linear analysis class.In the processing procedure of the integral body of linear analysis classes, when the specification coordinate of reality was the building coordinate system, conventional value X and Y were exchanged, to be converted to the mathematics coordinate system.Utilize the IP coordinate of measuring center to be calculated and launch with respect to the IP coordinate of seven center lines, and with the kind of smooth curve, track and curve kind are irrelevant.The method for designing of linear analysis class comprises: judge the kind of smooth curve and set the step of such type; Whole design conditions specified in the environment set is arranged on the inside of class, and in judging with respect to the left side of IP and right center line and the step of outside track (still, when section is the track varied sections, a step also further is provided, that is, the IP coordinate is used as the coordinate on the straight line and is compensated and calculates); Calculate smooth curve according to IP with respect to the institute own centre line, and the coordinates computed and the step of appending distance; Judge the step of track kind (single track/double track/single track is parallel) with respect to each center line; Automatically perform the step of linear detailed calculated according to the kind of smooth curve; The step of final calculation result being analyzed according to seven center line classes; Calculate the step of simple curve starting point coordinate BC and simple curve terminal point coordinate EC with respect to six center lines; And exchange X and Y value is the step of building coordinate system with all coordinate transforms that will go out according to the mathematics coordinate Calculation when the design specification coordinate is the building coordinate system.Flow process finishes then.Measurement point calculates and utilizes reference center's line to calculate with respect to all center lines.

Fig. 6 is based on the process flow diagram of the IP coordinate Calculation process of center line.Expansion to the IP coordinate that is in Fig. 5 center section is to handle according to the process flow diagram from BP to EP among Fig. 6.The IP coordinate Calculation is to belong to most important two contents processings with the actual linear calculating section with respect to each center line in linear analysis.

Here, BP (starting point) has represented linear starting point (also claiming the design starting point), and EP (end point) has represented linear terminal point (also claiming the design terminal point).

When starting function, rail heart IP coordinate is configured to identical with measuring center IP coordinate, and a left side and right side IP coordinate obtain calculating (in this step, the IP coordinate of measurement point launches to the left and right, and calculates the IP coordinate according to the left and right sides center line) then.Check that then whether IP is corresponding to the curved portion that only is arranged on a side in the track varied sections.If not, just carry out next procedure.If then calculate the IP (IP of curved portion wherein is not set) of a supposition by center line.As the IP coordinate time of supposition, then calculate coordinate with the corresponding supposition centre of sphere of supposition rail heart IP IP.Flow process is calculated to EP, finishes then.

[linearity of clothoid is calculated]

Fig. 7 is to the linear calculation flow chart of an IP when smooth curve is clothoid.Therefore, as shown in the figure, flow process is called execution repeatedly to each IP from BP to EP.Function is activated.The direction of a curve of each IP (clockwise direction, counter clockwise direction or rectilinear direction) is judged in a step.Judge BP or EP then.If not, judge that then track is double-rail track, single track parallel orbit or monorail track.Calculate radius and the sweep and the level and smooth length of a curve of the original circular curve of each center line then.If then omit these processes and carry out next procedure.Carry out some steps so then, that is, calculate the step (measuring center is calculated according to simple curve automatically) of clothoid key element and coordinate with respect to seven center lines; The step of calculation Design speed and tilt quantity (cant); Calculate the step (calculating reference center's line automatically) of measurement point according to measurement point with respect to institute's own centre line; And the step (for example, setting the lexigraphy that is used to mark during the drawing etc.) of carrying out follow-up other work.Afterwards, function finishes.That is to say that above-mentioned flow process is carried out at an IP.

Fig. 8 is the process flow diagram of center line key element and coordinate Calculation under the clothoid situation.That is to say that Fig. 8 is the detail flowchart that is in the key element and the coordinate Calculation of Fig. 7 center section.Some steps are so wherein arranged, that is, calculate the step of clothoid key element according to center line; With respect to the step of utilizing the simple curve computational element based on the original circular curve of center line; Whether differentiate next IP is supposition IP, if not, then function finishes, if then carry out the step of in left and right sides is judged rail or outer rail; Afterwards, calculate the coordinate of the centre of sphere.Under the situation of interior rail, judge whether next IP exists in the curve ranges of present IP.If exist, then the curve end coordinate (EC/ETC) of the coordinate coupling of next IP (=supposition IP) as present IP, function finishes then.But, if not, then omit said process and direct function and finish.Said process is equally applicable to outer rail.

[the interior rail of clothoid and the measurement point of outer rail calculate]

Fig. 9 is the shape of clothoid.

In the practical business, the advance of smooth curve and transfer are to utilize the length L of smooth curve and grazing angle I to calculate.Transfer is X=L1-F (I), and advance is Y=L * f (I), and wherein the unit of grazing angle I is degree.The value of function F (I) and f (I) is determined by insertion in make " advance and the transfer table of bold and unconstrained Holbrook (Hal Holbrook) curve " according to grazing angle and the corresponding value of grazing angle.

According to list of references, numerical value is defined as follows:

F(I)＝I ²/32828+I ⁴/2328×10 ⁶-I ⁶/33114×10 ¹⁰+…

f(I)＝I/171.9-I ³/79×105+I ⁵/8151×10 ⁸-I ⁷/153245×10 ¹²+…

But accurate formula is as follows.

1. the formula of function F (I)

In the formula of clothoid shown in Figure 7, grazing angle is $I=\frac{L}{2R},$ Wherein L has represented the length of smooth curve, and R has represented the length of sweep.

Here, the transfer of smooth curve length is:

$X=L1-(\frac{L^2}{40R^2}-\frac{L^4}{3456R^4}+\frac{L^6}{599040R^6}+0).$

Therefore suppose

$\frac{L^2}{40R^2}-\frac{L^4}{3456R^4}+\frac{L^6}{599040R^6}$ During as function F (I), X=L1-F (I).

Then the formula of function F (I) can followingly be represented.

That is, at formula $I=\frac{L}{2R}$ In, L=2IR, wherein R is a sweep, the unit of I is a radian, and has when the unit radian degree of being scaled of I and substitution function F (I) lining,

$F\left(I\right)=\frac{I^2\×{\left(\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{180}\right)}^2}{10}-\frac{I^4\×{\left(\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{180}\right)}^4}{256}+\frac{I^6\×{\left(\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{180}\right)}^6}{9360}.$ Here, because the unit of I is degree, the value of supposing π is 3.141592654 o'clock, and the formula of F (I) can be expressed as follows.

$F\left(I\right)=\frac{I^2}{32828}-\frac{I^4}{2328\×{10}^6}+\frac{I^6}{33114\×{10}^{10}}$ (unit of I is degree)

2. the formula of function f (I)

In the formula of clothoid, $I=\frac{L}{2R}$ (unit of I is degree)

Because $Y=\frac{L^2}{6R}(1-\frac{L^2}{56R^2}+\frac{L^4}{7040R^4}-\frac{L^6}{1612800R^6}+0),$ So,

$Y=L(\frac{L}{6R}-\frac{L^3}{6R\×56R^2}+\frac{L^5}{6R\×7040R^4}-\frac{L^7}{6R\×1612800R^6}+0).$

Suppose that the formula in () is function F (I), then the advance Y=L of smooth curve length * f (I).The formula of f (I) can be expressed as follows.

$I=\frac{L}{2R}$ (wherein, R is a sweep, and the unit of I is a radian, and the unit of L=2IR and I is during from radian degree of being scaled and substitution function f (I),

$f\left(I\right)=\frac{I\×\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{180}}{3}-\frac{I\×{\left(\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{180}\right)}^3}{42}+\frac{I\×{\left(\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{180}\right)}^5}{1320}-\frac{I\×{\left(\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{180}\right)}^7}{75600}$

Here, the value of supposing π is 3.141592654, and then the formula of f (I) is as follows.

$f\left(I\right)=\frac{1}{171.9}-\frac{I^3}{79\×{10}^5}+\frac{I^5}{8151\×{10}^8}-\frac{I^7}{153245\×{10}^{12}}$ (unit of I is degree)

[outer rail of off-centre operation II type and the measurement point of interior rail calculate]

Figure 10 is the curve shape of off-centre operation II type track.The ETC vertical projection of supposing outer rail shown in Figure 10 and interior rail is respectively D and E to the subpoint of measuring center, and supposes that original circular curve is R with respect to the radius and the tangential length of measuring center, R ₀', R _i', TL, TL ₀, TL _i,, have following relation according to list of references.

1. ∠ α ₀Computing formula

∠ α ₀Be some O and some A (EC of measuring center) ECC during as datum line ₀The angle of (ECC of outer rail) (that is ∠ ECC, ₀OA), it uses when calculating the measurement point of outer rail ECC.Its accurate formula and derivation are as follows.

At triangle OECC ₀P ₅In, $\tan {\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_0=\frac{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_5\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="EC\; C"\; filenames="A20041007100200401.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">EC</figure-callout>}{C}_{}{}_0}}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{O{P}_5}}.$

At formula $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{O{P}_5}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{OA}}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{{\mathrm{AP}}_6}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_6{P}_4}-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_4{P}_5}$ In, obtain formula $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{OA}}=R,\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A{P}_6}={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="b"\; filenames="A20041007100200401.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}_0.$

In addition, because at triangle IP ₀P ₁P ₂In have $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_6{P}_4}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_1{P}_2},$ So can obtain formula

$\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_1{P}_2}=({\mathrm{TL}}_0-{X_{02}}^{\&prime;})\sin {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_0.$

In addition, because formula At P ₁ECC ₀P ₃In be

So can obtain formula

$\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_1{P}_5}={{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="Y"\; filenames="A20041007100200401.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Y</figure-callout>}}_0}^{\&prime;}s\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_0.$

Therefore,

$\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{O{P}_5}=R+b_0-({\mathrm{TL}}_0-{X_{02}}^{\&prime;})\sin {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_0-{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="Y"\; filenames="A20041007100200401.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Y</figure-callout>}}_0}^{\&prime;}\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_0$

Calculate The time, can obtain formula $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_5\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="EC\; C"\; filenames="A20041007100200401.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">EC</figure-callout>}{C}_{}{}_0}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_3{P}_4}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_1{P}_7}-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_1{P}_3}-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_4{P}_7}.$

In addition, because $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_1{P}_7}=({X_{01}}^{\&prime;}+{X_{02}}^{\&prime;})\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_0={{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="X"\; filenames="A20041007100200401.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}_0}^{\&prime;}\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_0$ And $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_1{P}_3}={{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="X"\; filenames="A20041007100200401.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}_0}^{\&prime;}\sin {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_0,\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_4{P}_7}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{AD}},$

So can obtain formula ∴ $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P_5\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="EC\; C"\; filenames="A20041007100200401.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">EC</figure-callout>}{C}_{}{}_0}={{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="X"\; filenames="A20041007100200401.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}_0}^{\&prime;}\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_0-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{AD}}-{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="X"\; filenames="A20041007100200401.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}_0}^{\&prime;}\sin {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_0$ With

$\tan {\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_0=\frac{{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="X"\; filenames="A20041007100200401.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}_0}^{\&prime;}\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_0-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{AD}}-{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="Y"\; filenames="A20041007100200401.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Y</figure-callout>}}_0}^{\&prime;}\sin {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_0}{R+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="b"\; filenames="A20041007100200401.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}_0+({\mathrm{TL}}_0-{X_{02}}^{\&prime;})\sin {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_0-{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="Y"\; filenames="A20041007100200401.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Y</figure-callout>}}_0}^{\&prime;}\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_0}.$

Therefore can calculate ∠ α by the value on calculation equation the right ₀

2. ∠ α _iComputing formula

∠ α _iBe some O and some A (EC of measuring center) ECC during as datum line _iThe angle of (ECC of interior rail) (that is ∠ ECC, _iOA), use during the measurement point of its rail ECC in calculating.

Suppose to be equally applicable in outer rail, to obtain P ₁OP ₇The point of the interior rail of the method for value is Q ₁OQ ₇, then accurate formula and derivation are as follows.

Triangle OECC _iQ ₅In, $\tan {\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_i=\frac{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_5\mathrm{EC}{C}_i}}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{O{Q}_5}}.$ So, $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{{\mathrm{OQ}}_5}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{OA}}-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A{Q}_6}-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_6{Q}_4}-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_4{Q}_5}.$

In addition, $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{OA}}=R,\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{A{Q}_6}=b_i$ And $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_6{Q}_4}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1{Q}_2}.$ At triangle IP _iQ ₁Q ₂In,

$\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1{Q}_2}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{{\mathrm{IP}}_i{Q}_1}\sin {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i=({\mathrm{TL}}_i-{X_{i2}}^{\&prime;})\sin {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i$ And $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_4{Q}_5}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1{Q}_3}.$ At triangle Q ₁ECC _iQ ₃In,

$\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1\mathrm{EC}{C}_i}=Y_i^{\&prime;}{,}^{\&prime;}\mathrm{EC}{C}_i{Q}_1{Q}_3={\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i,$ And $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1{Q}_3}=Y_i^{\&prime;},\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_4{Q}_5}.$

Therefore, ∴ $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{O{Q}_5}=R-b_i-({\mathrm{TL}}_i-{X_{i2}}^{\&prime;})\sin {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i-Y_i^{\&prime;}\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i.$

Work as calculating

The time, $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_5\mathrm{EC}{C}_i}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_5{Q}_3}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_3\mathrm{EC}{C}_i}.$

But, because $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_5{Q}_3}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_4{Q}_1},\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1{Q}_4}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1{Q}_7}-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_7{Q}_4},\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_7{Q}_4}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{AE}},$ So

$\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1{Q}_4}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1{Q}_7}-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{AE}}.$

At triangle Q ₁ETC _iQ ₇In, because $\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i=\frac{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1{Q}_7}}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1\mathrm{ET}{C}_i}},$ So

$\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1{Q}_7}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1\mathrm{ET}{C}_i}\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i=({X_{i1}}^{\&prime;}+{X_{i2}}^{\&prime;})\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i={X_i}^{\&prime;}\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i,$ And

$\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_5\mathrm{EC}{C}_i}={X_i}^{\&prime;}\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{AE}}+\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_3\mathrm{EC}{C}_i}$

But, at triangle Q ₁ECC _iQ ₃In, because $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1\mathrm{EC}{C}_i}=Y_i^{\&prime;}{,}^{\&prime;}\mathrm{EC}{C}_i{Q}_1{Q}_3={\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i,$ So

$\sin {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i=\frac{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{EC}{C}_i{Q}_3}}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1\mathrm{EC}{C}_i}}.$ $\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_3\mathrm{EC}{C}_i}=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q_1\mathrm{EC}{C}_i}\sin {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i={Y_i}^{\&prime;}\sin {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i,$ And

∴ $\tan {\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_i=\frac{{X_i}^{\&prime;}\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{AE}}+{Y_i}^{\&prime;}\sin {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i}{R-b_i-({\mathrm{TL}}_i-{X_{i2}}^{\&prime;})\sin {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i-{Y_i}^{\&prime;}\cos {\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i}$

Therefore can calculate ∠ α by the value on calculation equation the right _i

Figure 11 is the instance graph that the measuring center of track varied sections is calculated.

In the track varied sections, the point of crossing is by being that reference center draws out the rail heart of left and right side and the vertical line of the centre of sphere (it is arranged at inside, in order to differentiate interior outside track) obtains with the measuring center.And the distance between the IP measurement point of measuring center and the point of crossing of vertical line is to obtain calculating with respect to the IP measurement point based on the measuring center of ± method.The existing program of track varied sections can not be handled fully.In practical business, usually it is carried out symmetric form processing or " manually " calculating.Here, asymmetrical shape situation as the specific linearity of a class of track varied sections usually takes place.Calculate but can only carry out " manually " so far, and calculating itself is difficult.

Here, in the track varied sections of symmetric form, the left and right sides in the track varied sections is the same with width between the measuring center, and both sides all are provided with curve curved portion is arranged.The specification of curved portion is identical.The track varied sections has been represented the shape of a symmetry.Here, the asymmetrical shape of track varied sections has been represented so specific type, and wherein a left side and right side are asymmetric.Width from the measuring center to the left and right sides is different.Even only being located at a side or curved portion when being located at both sides when curved portion, the specification of curved portion also is different.

Can handle the shape of symmetry and shape shown in Figure 11 in the present invention.Therefore, the left and right sides track also can be designed to shape freely.In linear reckoner and figure, the total departure advance of measurement point, coordinate, tilt quantity, smooth curve and append distance and be illustrated in the reckoner with respect to main point and any point (comprising normal measurement point).Measurement point and Tic mark have been indicated in the drawings.In data computation with respect to any point, the designated and calculating of the value of measurement point and coordinate.Therefore, there are two kinds of methods.

But, might calculate any point according to clothoid and three dimensional parabolic line smooth curve computing formula.Therefore, among the present invention, be to utilize under the situation that measured value obtains calculating at any point, under the situation of clothoid, function shown in Figure 12 forms also and is handled.Under the situation of three dimensional parabolic line, function shown in Figure 14 forms and is handled.Under the situation of having specified any point, utilize coordinate to call and obtain the function of measuring point value, and the acquisition measured value corresponding with corresponding coordinate.Under the situation of clothoid, utilize and measure the function shown in the point value calling graph 12, under the situation of three dimensional parabolic line, call the function of Figure 14 and calculate required data.When being clothoid, Figure 12 measures the data computation process flow diagram that point value carries out based on center line with respect to any point utilization.In this function, it is designated to measure point value and center line type.Distinguish coordinate and the tilt quantity of computing center's line, and under the situation of smooth curve, calculate the total departure advance, append distance and carry out angle (proceedingangle), return then with respect to corresponding measurement point.Therefore, in reckoner and drawing module, this function is called, and all data relevant with a certain measurement point are calculated.

[linearity of three dimensional parabolic line is calculated]

Figure 13 is smooth curve linear calculation flow chart with respect to an IP when being the three dimensional parabolic line.At smooth curve is under the situation of three dimensional parabolic line, provides following steps in the linear order of calculating of track: start function and judge the direct of travel (clockwise direction, counterclockwise or rectilinear direction) of curve in each IP; Judge BP or EP, if not, then track is categorized into double-rail track, single track parallel orbit and monorail track, and calculates the integer (representing with M among Figure 13) of the sweep and the level and smooth length of a curve of each center line, if then omit these processes and carry out next procedure; Calculating is with respect to the three dimensional parabolic line feature and the coordinate of seven center lines; Calculating is with respect to the measurement point of institute's own centre line; And carry out other follow-up work, the lexigraphy that is used to mark during charting as setting etc.This process flow diagram is carried out repeatedly to each IP from BP to EP.

Figure 14 is with respect to the data computation process flow diagram based on center line of arbitrary measurement point under the three dimensional parabolic line situation; Following steps are provided in this function: the kind of specified measurement point value and center line, and search for the IP section of corresponding measurement point; Whether differentiate measurement point corresponding to a main point, if not, the append distance relevant then calculated with corresponding measurement point; The data of distance calculation respective point (coordinate, carry out angle, radius-of-curvature, the total departure advance of smooth curve and tilt quantity etc.) are appended in utilization; The data that calculate are returned to the function that calls; And differentiate measurement point whether corresponding to a main point, if then omit above-mentioned two processes, and the data that calculate are returned to the function that calls.Figure 15 is the process flow diagram when the present invention is applicable to newton's algorithm.

[calculating of newton's algorithm]

Among the present invention, used newton-La Fusen algorithm (Newton-Raphson Algorithm) in the linear analysis of clothoid and three dimensional parabolic trajectory, this is a kind of typical algorithm, and it can try to achieve the root of the nonlinear equation of numerical analysis.When calculating any point X _N+1Separate the time, this algorithm is carried out repeatedly, up to $X_{n+1}=X_n-\frac{f\left(X_n\right)}{f^{\&prime;}\left(X_n\right)}$ The result converge to till the required value f (X wherein _n) be X _nThe functional value at place, f ' (X _n) be f (X _n) differential value.Newton's algorithm is applicable to the flow process that is similar to Figure 15.In the drawings, X, function f (X), f ' content (X) according to calculating content difference.Usually, when said procedure is carried out about 6～7 times, can try to achieve converge to definition permissible error with interior value.That is, this program is fed back the program with following steps: start function, and set X value to be obtained with arbitrary value; Calculate f (X) value of the respective function relevant with X; Partial differential function f (X) (X) is worth to calculate f '; Calculate X=X-(f (X)/f ' (X)); (f (X)/f ' is (X)) and permissible error are compared, and if it is littler or identical than permissible error, then finish function, if it is bigger than permissible error, then it is feedbacked to calculate f (X).In the preferred embodiment of the invention, this permissible error is 0.000001.When function finished, the X value was required X value.

[application of designing program of the present invention]

Figure 16 is when the result displayed on the computer main screen of designing program when being applied to actual design of the present invention.This main screen is split into: can manage the part of several routes simultaneously, the part that can show amplification, dwindle and move, layer control section, linear specification importation and the part that shows linear result of calculation.Therefore, it can obtain clearer processing screen than traditional method for designing.

Screen display when Figure 17 is the input design conditions wherein shows screen display when setting clothoid and three dimensional parabolic line.Basic specification (building rule etc. as inclination establishing method, state-owned railway construction rule, subway fortification) is transfused to as physical condition.Owing to each route adopts different computing method according to corresponding design conditions, realize so set and use with respect to design conditions and the drafting method that is ready to use in each route.The user only need import data items and the necessary information of input gets final product.

In the present invention, constituted a database according to each route.In table (table) structure of input data, monorail track, double-rail track and single track parallel orbit all are the same, and IP-based cuit is arranged and uses.The sidewalk of maintenance usefulness generally is installed in the tunnel.In this case, because structure centre is different mutually with orbit centre, so can not design according to being provided with of sidewalk in the existing program.But, the sidewalk of usefulness such as maintenance then can be set in the present invention, and the input method of specification is very simple.Sidewalk installing in the design specification that provides according to the project company that orders can come specified width, which width according to sweep, that is, the inboard or the outside are with respect to the installation site of interior rail and outer rail among the IP.For the specification according to said reference input sidewalk, the user needs to press the direct of travel (that is, clockwise direction, counter clockwise direction or rectilinear direction) that IP confirms curve in advance, judges interior outer rail with respect to the left and right sides circuit afterwards.In the left and right sides circuit, import the sidewalk width specifications according to the outside or the inboard of travel direction.In this case, data inputs bother very much and the possibility that makes a mistake very high.That is to say, locate in the real work place, sidewalk is not to be arranged on the outside or inboard according to the interior outer rail notion among each IP with respect to the left and right sides track, so in the present invention, have ± installation specification of symbol, realized comparatively simply installing by the input of left and right sides route according to the actual installation environment thus.

Under the situation of off-centre operation, when being clothoid, the measurement point computing method can be selected measuring center line and interior and outer original circular curve according to IP.If not off-centre operation, then it is fixed as the measuring center line.Under the situation of three dimensional parabolic line, can select measuring center and ball journal center line, and no matter the kind of curve.Under the situation of simple curve, reducing tilt quantity can select from three kinds of methods, that is, straight line portion reduces, straight line portion and curved portion reduces and inapplicable inclination.The relevant constant (as: based on the constant 11.8 of track width) that tilts to calculate and other conditions have been used the specification value of importing in the environment set of design.

Figure 18 is the screen display of drawing design environment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 8, wherein provide a plurality of center lines different with the other field of track and building, the detail items that each center line will indicate is a lot, and each is ordered the expression of company or expresses type, and also possibility is different.Therefore, as shown in figure 14, when designing and mapping, can select and specify diversity to the drafting method of detailed things.The main project that is presented at screen is divided into general item, linear drawing condition, linear drawing project and track this four projects of charting.

Figure 19 is the linear instance graph that calculates summary report of track.By the linear summary report of calculating of the track that adopts the present invention to obtain is to determine automatically according to the specification of input and calculate.Can specify different reference center's lines by IP.Export corresponding project according to the type of smooth curve kind and curve.Automatically determine the kind of output center line according to the kind of track.

Figure 20 is the instance graph of track linear computing element.As shown in figure 20, it can select the kind of center line to be exported.Show the linear content of calculating of track in detail by measurement point.In Figure 20, the spacing of normal measurement point is 20m.Figure 21 is the linear design figure with concentric circles, track varied sections (comprising symmetric form and asymmetric) and off-centre operation II type.In the present invention, even route is made up of several like this situations, also can realize accurately and easily designing and charting.

Particularly, in linear section, when track since setting, double track and the single track of island station parallel be connected and the center distance variation of route etc. is former thereby when changing, can realize that the linearity in the track varied sections is calculated and drawing.For example, be arranged on curved portion in the inside and outside rail can be arranged in both sides or any side of outer rail, and curve be separately positioned in the simple curve part or smooth curve part on the outer rail.Here, the length of the radius of curve and smooth curve can be with respect to interior outer rail and difference.In addition, the measuring center line also can be different with the width between the interior outer rail.

Industrial applicability

As mentioned above, in the present invention, because the linear gauge of track carries out according to the type of smooth curve at last, and with the kind of railway irrelevant, so just can handle the clothoid and the three dimensional parabolic line that belong to the smooth curve type.In addition, the present invention can handle all concentric circless in the single track, double track and the single track parallel orbit that mark off according to smooth curve, off-centre operation I type, off-centre operation II type and track varied sections.The present invention can also realize accurate fast operation.The present invention can easily handle the inconvenient special linearity of prior art.Therefore, the present invention has improved the designed capacity in track field greatly.Because application of the present invention is based on form (windows) operating system, so anyone can both easily use the present invention.

The difference owing to the corresponding design conditions of computing method basis is so can set separately and employing design conditions and drafting method at each route.Especially, the linearity that can carry out the track varied sections is calculated and the drawing design.

Belong to the track clothoid class of class of track of the present invention or track three dimensional parabolic line class according to the kind of smooth curve by conversion automatically and be saved in the list structure.They all can obtain handling, and irrelevant with the kind (as: single track, double track, single track parallel orbit) of route.The kind of the center line relevant with works and track can be classified into seven kinds, can utilize interior rail and the judgment data of the outer rail rail heart and the centre of sphere class that design left and right sides of himself thus.

In the processing procedure to the linear analysis class, the IP coordinate relevant with seven center lines is to utilize the IP coordinate of measuring center to calculate and launch, and the kind of kind, track and the curve of it and smooth curve is irrelevant.The left and right sides circuit of each IP is differentiated interior outer rail, press the smooth curve of IP calculating then, calculate coordinate thus and append distance institute's own centre line.In the present invention, can utilize the reference center line of parameter point in calculating to institute's own centre line computing parameter point.In addition, be arranged on sidewalk under the situation in tunnel at repair and maintenance, the works center can be different mutually with orbit centre.Existing program can not solve the problem that is provided with based on sidewalk.Then be easy in the present invention the repair and maintenance sidewalk is set, and the input of specification also is easy to realize.

Though can adopt multiple mode to realize the present invention, these modes can not break away from spirit of the present invention or its principal character.It is also to be understood that unless stated otherwise, otherwise the above embodiments are not limited in the detailed description of this paper.Should be understood that some conversion in the scope that is no more than category of the present invention and thought, revise and be equal to replace and be included within the protection domain of claim of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. one kind is utilized the subway of computer realization and the linear design system of railway, comprising:

Data input module, the linear computing element module, result of calculation screen display module, and logic drawing module, described these modules be connected a storehouse around,

Wherein, described logic drawing module is formed by graphic plotting module and physics drawing module, described data input module is connected with a database, select design specification and design Storage result thus, and when selected data are transmitted to described storehouse, the result of linear analysis is sent to described linear computing element module, described result of calculation screen display module and described logic drawing module respectively from described storehouse, realize linear design thus.

2. one kind is utilized the subway of computer realization and the linear design method of railway, may further comprise the steps:

When the design specification coordinate was the building coordinate system, the value that changes X and Y was judged the kind of smooth curve this coordinate system transformation is become inner mathematics coordinate system, and sets the type of respective class;

Design conditions specified in the environment set is arranged in the class;

Judged whether the track varied sections;

When having the track varied sections, the point of crossing coordinate accurately is modified to rectilinear coordinates;

Judge and setting inner orbit and outside track with respect to the left and right sides center line of point of crossing;

Calculate smooth curve according to the point of crossing with respect to institute's own centre line, and launch the point of crossing coordinate to be used for coordinates computed and to append distance;

Judge the kind (single track, double track and single track parallel orbit) of track according to each center line;

Kind according to described smooth curve automatically performs linear calculating;

Final result of calculation is divided into seven center line classes;

Judge whether track is the clothoid track, when track is the clothoid track, calculate the starting point coordinate of simple curve and the end point coordinate of simple curve with respect to six center lines except that measuring center; And

When the design specification coordinate was the building coordinate system, the value of exchanging X and Y was so that all coordinates that utilize the mathematics coordinate system to calculate are back to the building coordinate system, and function finishes then.

3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the described step that is used for judging the kind of smooth curve and sets the type of respective class, the class that is used to constitute the logical organization of linear analysis and inheritance is selected from by track clothoid class, clothoid expansion class, clothoid class, track three dimensional parabolic line class, the expansion of three dimensional parabolic line class, three dimensional parabolic line class and simple curve class.

4. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the deployment step of described point of crossing coordinate may further comprise the steps:

Orbit centre point of crossing setting coordinate is become identical with measuring center point of crossing coordinate;

Calculate the point of crossing coordinate on left side and right side;

Judge the point of crossing determining whether curved portion only is arranged on a side of track varied sections, if not, next procedure then carried out, if then press the coordinate of center line calculation assumption point of crossing; And

Judged whether the supposition point of crossing,, then calculated and supposition corresponding supposition centre of sphere point of crossing, orbit centre point of crossing coordinate, finished this function then if having.

5. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, provides following steps in the described linear calculation procedure that is used for calculating automatically according to the kind of described smooth curve the linearity:

Under the situation of clothoid, judge the curve direct of travel at each place, point of crossing;

Starting point or end point have been judged whether, if judged result is for denying, then distinguish double-rail track, single track parallel orbit and monorail track, and calculate the radius of original circular curve of each center line and the length and the sweep of smooth curve, if judged result is for being, then omit said process, and carry out next procedure;

Calculate the key element of clothoid separately with respect to seven center lines;

Calculation Design speed and tilt quantity;

Calculate measurement point with respect to institute's own centre line; And

Carry out other follow-up work, the lexigraphy that is used to mark during charting as setting etc., function finishes then.

6. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, working as smooth curve in described linear calculation procedure is under the situation of three dimensional parabolic line, and following steps are provided in the linear calculating of described track:

Judge the curve direct of travel at each place, point of crossing;

Starting point or end point have been judged whether, if judged result is for denying, then distinguish double-rail track, single track parallel orbit and monorail track, and calculate and the sweep of each center line and the level and smooth relevant integer of length of a curve, if judged result is for being, then omit said process, and calculate the key element and the coordinate of three dimensional parabolic line with respect to seven center lines separately;

Calculate measurement point with respect to institute's own centre line; And

Carry out other follow-up work, the lexigraphy that is used to mark during charting as setting etc., function finishes then.

7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, provides following steps in described being used for respect to the step of center line calculating measurement point:

Utilize the kind of the specific factor, call a function, start this function, and search for the point of crossing section of corresponding measurement point from outside specified measurement point and center line;

Whether differentiate measurement point is main point, if not, then calculate the distance of appending, and utilize the data of appending the distance calculation corresponding point with respect to the measurement point of correspondence;

The data that calculate are returned to the function that is called; And

Whether judge measurement point corresponding to main point, if then omit above-mentioned two steps, and the data that calculate are returned to the function that calls.

8. method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, in the described step that is used for calculating measurement point with respect to institute's own centre line, when via the point of crossing be clothoid the time, under the situation of off-centre operation, select measurement degree center line or interior and outer original circular curve, under the situation that is not off-centre operation, fixing the measurements degree center line of selecting under the situation of three dimensional parabolic line, is selected measuring center or ball journal center line and regardless of the kind of curve, under the situation of simple curve, select to reduce tilt quantity from following method, that is, straight line portion reduces, straight line portion and curved portion reduce and do not adopt inclination.

9. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the described step that is used for calculating with respect to the center line of clothoid measurement point, the transfer (X) of smooth curve part is calculated by utilizing formula X=L1-F (I), wherein

$F\left(I\right)=\frac{I^2}{32828}-\frac{I^4}{2328\&times;{10}^6}+\frac{I^6}{33114\&times;{10}^{10}}$

L is the length of smooth curve, and I is grazing angle (its unit is degree).

10. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the described step that is used for calculating with respect to the center line of clothoid measurement point, the advance (Y) of smooth curve part is to calculate with formula Y=L * f (I), wherein

$f\left(I\right)=\frac{I}{171.9}-\frac{I^3}{79\&times;{10}^5}+\frac{I^5}{8151\&times;{10}^8}-\frac{I^7}{153245\&times;{10}^{12}}$

L is the length of smooth curve, and I is grazing angle (its unit is degree).

11. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, automatically performs the linear step of calculating in the described kind that is used for according to smooth curve and provides following steps:

When the length of the smooth curve that calculates the respective center line or transfer, adopt newton's algorithm, and set arbitrary value in proper order for the X value;

Calculate the respective function value f (X) of X;

Partial differential function f (X) is to calculate f ' (X);

Calculate X=X-(f (X)/f ' (X));

Value and permissible error value to (f (X)/f ' is (X)) compare, and if it is littler or identical with it than permissible error value, then finish function, if it is bigger than permissible error value, then it is fed back to the step of calculating f (X).

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