CN1651417A - Preparation method of acymose - Google Patents

Preparation method of acymose Download PDF

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CN1651417A
CN1651417A CN 200410098726 CN200410098726A CN1651417A CN 1651417 A CN1651417 A CN 1651417A CN 200410098726 CN200410098726 CN 200410098726 CN 200410098726 A CN200410098726 A CN 200410098726A CN 1651417 A CN1651417 A CN 1651417A
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reaction
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intermediate compound
extraction
acipimox
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CN1282647C (en
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赵志全
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Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Corp
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Abstract

A process for preparing Aximosi from 2,5-dimethyl pyrazine includes such steps as oxidizing by H2O2, esterifying by acetic acid anhydride, hydrolyzing in alkaline condition, and oxidizing by potassium permanganate and H2O2.

Description

The preparation method of acipimox
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of compound acipimox (5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid-4-oxide compound).
Background technology
Acipimox (Acipimox) is the common name of 5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid-4-oxide compound, and its structural formula is:
Acipimox is a nicotinic acid derivates, is used for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia, and its steatolysis restraining effect activity is 20 times of nicotinic acid.It can suppress fatty tissue and discharge free fatty acids, reduce the blood level of vldl and low-density lipoprotein, cause the reduction of triglyceride level and total cholesterol level in the blood, simultaneously high-density lipoprotein (HDL)---cholesterol amount can be improved, the content of lipid in the blood can be improved within one month taking medicine usually.Therefore, acipimox is a kind of hypolipidemic that market outlook are arranged very much.
J.Org.Chem.26 discloses the preparation method of acipimox in 126 (1961), and with 2, the 5-dimethylpyrazine is a starting raw material, through H 2O 2Oxidation has prepared intermediate compound I, becomes ester through the diacetyl oxide esterification then, has prepared intermediate II, after hydrolysis has prepared intermediate III through NaOH, prepared intermediate compound IV with potassium permanganate oxidation then, at last again through H 2O 2Oxidation obtains acipimox.Through the reaction of five steps, the total recovery of acipimox crude product is about 10% altogether for this reaction scheme.Because the total recovery of this reaction scheme is too low, production cost is too high, is difficult to realize suitability for industrialized production.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention on the basis of existing technology, improve the deficiencies in the prior art, grope by a large amount of experiments, appropriate catalyst, reaction solvent and processing condition have been selected for use, optimized reaction conditions, provide a kind of stable operation, quality controllable, yield is higher and the preparation method of lower-cost acipimox.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention comprises the steps:
A. in reactor, drop into 2, the 5-dimethylpyrazine, hydrogen peroxide, glacial acetic acid, the ratio of three's amount of substance is 1: 2: 5~10, and temperature of reaction is 70~80 ℃, and the reaction times is 10~14 hours.Remove acetate after reacting completely under reduced pressure, add adjusting PH with base>10, use organic solvent extraction, dry back is steamed and is desolventized, and residue obtains intermediate compound I with benzene or toluene recrystallization.Used extraction solvent is a methylene dichloride, trichloromethane, 1,2-ethylene dichloride.
B. drop into glacial acetic acid, diacetyl oxide, sodium acetate and intermediate compound I in reactor, back flow reaction 4~7 hours removes solvent under reduced pressure, and the cut of collecting 120 ℃/12mmHg is an intermediate II.Wherein acetate is solvent, and sodium acetate is a catalyzer, makes yield than J.Org.Chem.26, the raising in 126 (1961) nearly 50%.
C. intermediate II is put in 10% the sodium hydroxide solution, ethyl acetate extraction use in stirring at room reaction 24 hours, dry back concentrated intermediate III.In this reactions steps, J.Org.Chem.26, reaction conditions in 126 (1961) is reaction 96h, adopt ether extraction, and the applicant is being surprisingly found out that in fact this reaction does not need so long hydrolysis time, and finds to adopt ethyl acetate extraction to have unforeseeable high yield.
D. intermediate III is soluble in water, splash into potassium permanganate solution under stirring, react after 1 hour, add hydrochloric acid the solution purple is disappeared, filter the rear filtrate butanone extraction, remove solvent after the drying under reduced pressure and obtain intermediate compound IV.
E. input sodium wolframate and 30% hydrogen peroxide in water are regulated pH=1.5, add intermediate compound IV, 70 ℃ of reactions 14~16 hours, and cooling, suction filtration gets the acipimox crude product after the oven dry.Wherein sodium wolframate is a catalyzer.The applicant also finds to adopt above-mentioned condition to have extraordinary selectivity and higher yield for the nitrogen-atoms on the oxidation pyrazine ring in synthetic acipimox process.
Above-mentioned reaction scheme is:
Figure A20041009872600051
2,5-dimethylpyrazine intermediate compound I intermediate II
Intermediate III intermediate compound IV acipimox
In the acipimox building-up process, we are mainly around how improving processing condition to improve product yield, we are to the feed ratio of reaction, temperature of reaction, and reaction times and terminal point are controlled, the selection of reaction solvent, by constantly groping, each step process has all been done to study in great detail, optimize and select, processing condition are gradually improved, and yield is improved.Whole production technology after the improvement, stable operation, yield is higher, and production cost has also had decline significantly, and through the pilot scale checking, big production test-manufactured, and can be fit to big production requirement fully.
Embodiment
The invention will be further elaborated below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of intermediate compound I
2,5-dimethylpyrazine 200g (1.85mol) and 200ml30% hydrogen peroxide, 900ml acetate remove solvent under reduced pressure 70 ℃ of stirring reactions 12 hours, add the 500ml frozen water in the residuum, transfer pH>10 with 20% sodium hydroxide solution, use chloroform extraction, dry back is steamed and is desolventized residuum toluene recrystallization, suction filtration, after the drying white solid 177g, yield 77%, m.p.105~107 ℃.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of intermediate II
Diacetyl oxide 270ml, sodium acetate 78g and glacial acetic acid 1750ml are joined in the reactor, stir after 10 minutes, if intermediate compound I 133g (1.07mol), after the back flow reaction 5 hours, remove solvent earlier under reduced pressure, collect cut then, obtain the 151g intermediate II, yield is 85%, b.p.120~123 ℃/12mmHg.
Embodiment 3: the preparation of intermediate III
With the sodium hydroxide solution of intermediate II 64g (0.38mol) and 300ml 10% stirring reaction 24 hours at room temperature, use ethyl acetate extraction, anhydrous MgSO 4After the drying, concentrate intermediate III 39g, yield is 83%, m.p.34~36 ℃.
Embodiment 4: the preparation of intermediate compound IV
Intermediate III 12.5g (0.10mol) is dissolved in the 160ml water, under fully stirring, drips potassium permanganate solution [KmnO 420g (0.13mol), H 2O280ml], react after 1 hour, add hydrochloric acid the solution purple is disappeared, filter the rear filtrate butanone extraction, remove solvent after the drying under reduced pressure and obtain intermediate compound IV 11g, yield is 80%, m.p.163~167 ℃.
Embodiment 5: the preparation of acipimox
At the sodium wolframate aqueous solution (Na 2WO 42H 2O 1g, H 2O 50ml) adds 30% hydrogen peroxide 12ml in, behind dilute sulphuric acid accent pH to 1.5, add 20g intermediate compound IV (0.14mol), reacted 3 hours down at 70 ℃, the reaction solution cooling, suction filtration, drying, after the oven dry acipimox crude product 19.5g, yield is 90%, m.p.182~184 ℃.

Claims (2)

1. the preparation method of an acipimox is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
A. in reactor, drop into 2, the 5-dimethylpyrazine, hydrogen peroxide, glacial acetic acid, the ratio of three's amount of substance is 1: 2: 5~10, temperature of reaction is 70~80 ℃, and the reaction times is 10~14 hours, removes acetate under reduced pressure after reacting completely, add adjusting PH with base>10, use organic solvent extraction, dry back is steamed and is desolventized, and residue obtains intermediate compound I with benzene or toluene recrystallization;
B. drop into glacial acetic acid, diacetyl oxide, sodium acetate and intermediate compound I in reactor, back flow reaction 4~7 hours removes solvent under reduced pressure, and the cut of collecting 120 ℃/12mmHg is an intermediate II;
C. intermediate II is put in 10% the sodium hydroxide solution, ethyl acetate extraction use in stirring at room reaction 24 hours, dry back concentrated intermediate III;
D. intermediate III is soluble in water, splash into potassium permanganate solution under stirring, react after 1 hour, add hydrochloric acid the solution purple is disappeared, filter the rear filtrate butanone extraction, remove solvent after the drying under reduced pressure and obtain intermediate compound IV;
E. input sodium wolframate and 30% hydrogen peroxide in water are regulated pH=1.5, add intermediate compound IV, 70 ℃ of reactions 14~16 hours, and cooling, suction filtration gets the acipimox crude product after the oven dry.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the used extraction solvent of step a is methylene dichloride, trichloromethane or 1, the 2-ethylene dichloride.
CN 200410098726 2004-12-15 2004-12-15 Preparation method of acymose Expired - Fee Related CN1282647C (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101434609B (en) * 2008-12-19 2011-03-30 齐鲁天和惠世制药有限公司 Catalytic oxidation system and use thereof in tazobactam synthesis
CN101899012B (en) * 2009-05-30 2012-05-30 鲁南制药集团股份有限公司 Method for improving synthesis process of Acipimox
CN103664805A (en) * 2013-12-05 2014-03-26 华北水利水电大学 Method for preparing acipimox
CN103923024A (en) * 2014-04-25 2014-07-16 山东新时代药业有限公司 Refining method of acipimox
CN105218464A (en) * 2014-05-26 2016-01-06 四川亿明药业股份有限公司 The synthesis technique of acipimox
CN108017586A (en) * 2018-01-26 2018-05-11 常州工程职业技术学院 A kind of preparation method of 5-Methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid
CN112125857A (en) * 2019-06-25 2020-12-25 鲁南制药集团股份有限公司 Preparation method of acipimox

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101434609B (en) * 2008-12-19 2011-03-30 齐鲁天和惠世制药有限公司 Catalytic oxidation system and use thereof in tazobactam synthesis
CN101899012B (en) * 2009-05-30 2012-05-30 鲁南制药集团股份有限公司 Method for improving synthesis process of Acipimox
CN103664805A (en) * 2013-12-05 2014-03-26 华北水利水电大学 Method for preparing acipimox
CN103664805B (en) * 2013-12-05 2016-05-11 华北水利水电大学 A kind of method of preparing Acipimox
CN103923024A (en) * 2014-04-25 2014-07-16 山东新时代药业有限公司 Refining method of acipimox
CN105218464A (en) * 2014-05-26 2016-01-06 四川亿明药业股份有限公司 The synthesis technique of acipimox
CN105218464B (en) * 2014-05-26 2018-04-06 四川亿明药业股份有限公司 The synthesis technique of Acipimox
CN108017586A (en) * 2018-01-26 2018-05-11 常州工程职业技术学院 A kind of preparation method of 5-Methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid
CN108017586B (en) * 2018-01-26 2021-04-23 常州工程职业技术学院 Preparation method of 5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid
CN112125857A (en) * 2019-06-25 2020-12-25 鲁南制药集团股份有限公司 Preparation method of acipimox

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