CN1650153A - Protective cap for a thermocouple in a gasifier - Google Patents
Protective cap for a thermocouple in a gasifier Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1650153A CN1650153A CNA038100002A CN03810000A CN1650153A CN 1650153 A CN1650153 A CN 1650153A CN A038100002 A CNA038100002 A CN A038100002A CN 03810000 A CN03810000 A CN 03810000A CN 1650153 A CN1650153 A CN 1650153A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cover
- thermocouple
- gas generator
- rear surface
- front surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/08—Protective devices, e.g. casings
- G01K1/10—Protective devices, e.g. casings for preventing chemical attack
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/02—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/08—Protective devices, e.g. casings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
Abstract
The protective cap (80) for a thermocouple (44) in a gasifier (10) is installed at an opening of a thermocouple cavity in a hot-face lining of the reaction chamber of the gasifier. The cap is a generally disc-shaped structure that, in one embodiment, includes an upper slag deflecting surface over the receding surface to bypass the receding surface. A counterbore is formed in the refractory lining to accommodate the protective cap and to enable the protective cap to be recessed in the refractory lining. Holes can be formed in the cap with an upward incline to minimize the possibility of downwardly moving slag flowing through the holes into the thermocouple cavity (50). The holes can be made small enough to minimize the risk of allowing excessive radiant heat from reaching the gasifier vessel or shell. A peripheral edge of the cap has upper and lower portions that slope downwardly to help maintain the cap in its position in the counterbore.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gas generator, the closure assembly and the method thereof of the gas generator jar of more especially a kind of new protection thermopair and near the nearside thermopair.
Background technology
U.S. Patent No. 2,809,104 and 5,484, this class gas generator shown in 554 is handled and is comprised that the carbon-containing fuel of coal, petroleum coke, combustion gas and oil produces the gaseous mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and known variable is as artificial fuel gas, combustion gas, reducing gas and inflammable gas.
The cover body of gas generator generally includes the outer reactor vessel or the shell of a steel, and the inside is serving as a contrast one or more insulation and refractory masses for example refractory clay and refractory brick, is also referred to as fireproof casing (refractory lining) or refractory brick.The inner space of gas generator comprises a reaction chamber, and the conversion of carbon-containing fuel to combustion gas takes place therein.The operating temperature range of typical gas generator is from about 2200 °F to 3000 °F.Typical working pressure range is from 10 to 200 atmospheric pressure.
If the temperature in the gas generator is higher than predetermined limits, the fireproof casing of the inside can melt, thereby does not cause the gas generator shell of steel protected and be subjected to the infringement of possible hot situation.If the working temperature of gas generator is lower than predetermined limits, the gasification conversion ratio from the carbon-containing fuel to the combustion gas causes inadequate gas products with regard to a low work efficiency is arranged.With the information of temperature correlation in the gas generator be the important indicator that judges whether to exist suitable gasification condition.Be to be undertaken to carrying out temperature survey in the gas generator as everyone knows by one or more thermopair is installed on the one or more horizontal levels of gas generator fireproof casing.
Usually provide thermopair in the centre of gas generator or lower sidewall face.Temperature survey at these horizontal levels also can be used to infer about gas generator the information of the condition of work of other horizontal level.The quantity of the thermopair that uses depends on the feed type that is provided with in the gas generator usually, for example coal or light oil, and the quantity of the slag that produces.For example, the blast furnace slag gas generator can adopt 8 thermopairs, however for example low slag device or do not have the slag device and can only use two thermopairs.
In a kind of known gas generator, a thermocouple cavity that prolongs is held a thermopair that prolongs, and its fireproof casing that extends through gas generator shell and inside is up to reaction chamber.One end of thermopair is supported on the gas generator shell, and an opposite end is recessed into from the hot exposed surface of fireproof casing, just known hot side surface.Usually keep the cross-sectional area of thermocouple cavity as much as possible little, arrive the gas generator shell by thermocouple cavity to prevent excessive heat.
In some known gas generators, fireproof casing comprises one or more adjacent refractory masses, for example refractory brick.Known working as,, when it was heated to the working temperature of gas generator from room temperature, refractory brick can expand.Because the temperature between fireproof casing and the gas generator shell is different with thermal expansivity, therefore refractory brick " move " with respect to the gas generator shell in thermal expansion process.As the result of fireproof casing thermal expansion, the thermocouple cavity in the fireproof casing also will move with respect to the gas generator shell.
Because thermopair is fixed on the gas generator shell, the thermal expansion of refractory brick furnace lining will cause the relative position between thermopair and the thermocouple cavity to change usually.Corresponding to the room temperature condition of gas generator, thermocouple cavity has an ambient temperature position with respect to thermopair like this.Corresponding to the operational temperature conditions of gas generator, thermocouple cavity also has a working temperature position with respect to thermopair, and it is different from ambient temperature position.
As everyone knows, when many carbon-containing fuels change into combustion gas, on the hot side surface of gas generator fireproof casing, form slag.Slag usually along the vertical component effect on hot side surface to dirty.The slag that moves down can move to the thermocouple cavity of level usually by the cavity opening on fireproof casing hot side surface.The slag that enters thermocouple cavity is with the clearance space between thermopair and the thermocouple cavity wall in portion's filling or the total blockage thermocouple cavity.
In case reduce or eliminate because slag is piled up the space that causes around thermopair, because the expansion or the contraction of fireproof casing, thermocouple cavity can cause that with respect to any mobile of thermopair the curing slag in thermocouple cavity produces a power, and it is vertically upward or to pressing down thermopair.This power can cause the shearing of thermopair, because it is supported on the gas generator shell, relative to not moving.
Gas generator sometimes needs maintenance and repair.Some repairings are preferably in gas generator and finish behind the working temperature cool to room temperature.At cooling stage, fireproof casing shrinks.This contraction causes thermocouple cavity to change with respect to thermocouple location.Therefore when gas generator cools off, the infringement of thermopair may take place, if particularly when thermocouple cavity is cured the slag obstruction.
As previously described in when cooling, fireproof casing mobile causes the slag in the thermocouple cavity that slag blocks to promote relatively-stationary thermoelectricity producing the power that puts on thermopair occasionally.When gas generator carries out with the incoherent repairing of thermopair and when cooling, the slag by thermocouple cavity shrinks and produces infringement or the shear that the power that puts on thermopair also can cause one or more thermopair, needs to remove or change the thermopair that damages.
The repairing of thermopair or replacing also need to remove the slag that accumulates in hardening in the thermocouple cavity.Slag that remove to solidify from thermocouple cavity and the thermopair of reinstalling replacing expend time in and costliness.
Therefore want to avoid slag to move into the problem of thermocouple cavity opening and slag obstruction thermocouple cavity.No matter whether gas generator produces slag, also wants to make by the heat transmission of thermocouple cavity from the reaction chamber to the gas generator and reduces to minimum.Want to protect the container or the shell of near the gas generator of thermocouple cavity in addition.
Summary of the invention
Importantly to provide a kind of new gas generator in several purpose of the present invention, gas generator container or shell near its protection thermopair, thermocouple cavity and the thermocouple cavity; A kind of new closure assembly is used to protect thermopair and near gas generator container or the shell of thermocouple cavity in thermopair, the gas generator; A kind of new countersunk head cover (countersunk cap) is used for the thermocouple cavity opening of gas generator is formed over cap; A kind of new closure assembly is used to protect the thermocouple cavity of gas generator, and this cover has the hole, is used for transmitting limited heat by this cover; A kind of guard shield (protective cap) of the thermopair that is used for gas generator newly, this cover has the front surface portion of inclination, and slag other surface element from this cover is moved away; A kind of guard shield of the thermopair that is used for gas generator newly, this cover has an outside surface, and it has slag transfer portion and hypsokinesis portion, shifts slag by it; A kind of guard shield of the thermopair that is used for gas generator newly, this is covered with slag transfer portion and hypsokinesis portion, shifts slag by this, and is porose in the hypsokinesis portion; A kind of guard shield of the thermopair that is used for gas generator newly, this cover has slag transfer portion and hypsokinesis portion, shifts slag by this, and hypsokinesis portion has acclivitous hole to make slag reduce to minimum by the moving possibility of orifice flow downwards; A kind of thermopair of new protection gas generator and near the container of the gas generator the thermocouple cavity or the method for shell.
Other purpose of the present invention and feature will be conspicuous, will point out in the portion hereinafter.
The guard shield that is used for the thermopair of gas generator and thermocouple cavity according to the present invention is installed in the thermocouple cavity opening of gas generator reaction chamber hot side furnace lining.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, normally a kind of disk-shaped structure of guard shield comprises the slag deflector surface on top and the hypsokinesis face of bottom.Thereby slag deflects past hypsokinesis face by deflector surface and walks around hypsokinesis face like this.The hypsokinesis mask has one or more holes to communicate with thermocouple cavity.Make the work of cover easier more than a hole, a hole also is feasible except this consideration.Preferred hole is inclined upwardly and makes slag and unnecessary heat advance the possibility minimum of thermocouple cavity by orifice flow.The hypsokinesis face of slag deflector surface and bottom can be replaced by an independent plane in the gas generator that does not produce slag.
The periphery of guard shield has the upper and lower, and its front surface from cover slopes downwardly into the rear surface of cover.Preferably forming a counter sink on fireproof casing holds guard shield and guard shield is recessed in the fireproof casing.Counter sink and guard shield have complementary shape.Be placed flat into counter sink so that the weight of cover helps cover to remain in the position of counter sink oneself at this arrangement lower shield.
Omit the hole in the guard shield in the another embodiment of the present invention, although will provide the thermal information of necessary proportional minimizing to thermopair because transmit by the heat of covering thermopair.There is not the guard shield of opening to guarantee not have slag will enter thermocouple cavity yet.
The present invention further comprises the method for the thermopair of protecting gas generator.This method comprises formation one thermocouple cavity, and it extends through the gas generator shell and passes through the fireproof casing of gas generator and the hot side surface of passing through fireproof casing, to limit a thermocouple on the hot side surface.This method further is included in provides a cover to cover thermocouple on the covering position of thermocouple, thereby prevents that the slag that moves down on the hot side surface from entering thermocouple cavity by thermocouple.Method further is included in and forms counter sink on the thermocouple, makes guard shield recessed scheduled volume on thermocouple.
The further aspect of this method comprises that cover has slag deflector surface and hypsokinesis face.Other aspects of this method are included in cover and go up the formation through hole, and the hypsokinesis face that the hole is positioned at cover is inclined upwardly towards the rear surface of covering from the front surface that covers.Method comprises that further the periphery of cover has the upper and lower, and its front surface from cover slopes downwardly into the rear surface of cover.
The present invention also comprises a kind of near the gas generator container of thermocouple cavity or method of shell protected; by a cover is provided in thermocouple; the container or the shell of gas generator are exposed to from the radiation heat minimum in the gas generator; otherwise it will arrive the container or the shell of gas generator by thermocouple cavity.
Describe structure and the method that the present invention includes hereinafter, scope of the present invention is pointed out in the claims.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the partial cross section's sketch that has the gas generator top of the thermopair in the thermocouple cavity, and it is opened at the fireproof casing place;
Fig. 2 is the partial section of its amplification;
Fig. 3 is the partial section of being got along the 3-3 line of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the partial section of being got along the 4-4 line of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the partial section of being got along the 5-5 line of Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is the local amplification sectional view in conjunction with the thermopair in the thermocouple cavity that has guard shield of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is refractory block (refractory block) before the skeleton view of guard shield at the fireproof casing that is mounted gas generator, and the thermopair in the refractory block and the scope with dashed lines of thermocouple cavity show;
Fig. 8 is the figure that is installed in guard shield refractory block in similar to Fig. 7, for purpose clearly, has omitted the dotted outline of thermopair and thermocouple cavity scope;
Fig. 9 A is the skeleton view of Fig. 7 bottom refractory block;
Fig. 9 B is its principal plane figure;
Fig. 9 C is its front view;
Fig. 9 D is the sectional view along the 9D-9D line of Fig. 9 C;
Figure 10 A is the skeleton view of Fig. 7 top refractory block;
Figure 10 B is its principal plane figure;
Figure 10 C is its front view;
Figure 10 D is the sectional view of being got along the 10D-10D line of Figure 10 C;
Figure 11 A is the skeleton view in conjunction with embodiment of the invention guard shield;
Figure 11 B is its front view;
Figure 11 C is its principal plane figure, and
Figure 11 D is the sectional view of being got along the 11D-11D line of Figure 11 B;
In whole accompanying drawings, identical reference marker is represented identical part.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings, gas generator is generally represented with the reference number among Fig. 1 10.
The reaction chamber 40 (Fig. 1) that fireproof casing 14 limits in the gas generator 10, it accepts to be used to change into synthetic gas or " closing gas " from the carbon-containing fuel of feed injector 20.The portion that is presented at below the gas generator of Fig. 1 shows that in Fig. 1 it doesn't matter for the understanding of the present invention because they can have any suitable known structure.
Thermocouple cavity 50 (Fig. 2) comprises the chamber portion 58 of hot side brick layer 24, supports the chamber portion 60 of brick layer 30 and the cavity 62 of outermost face brick layer 34.Chamber portion 62 usually with interior thermocouple 49 being aligneds of gas generator shell 12.The periphery wall of thermocouple cavity 50 is represented with reference number 64 usually, will be understood to include the wall or the periphery (Fig. 3-5) of each chamber portion 58,60 and 62.
There is opening 68 (Fig. 2) on the hot side surface 26 of thermocouple cavity 50, and opening 68 is not capped usually.Therefore slag (not having to show) produces in the gasification of many different feeds, moves down the opening 68 that can enter into thermocouple cavity 50 along hot side surface 26.Thermocouple cavity 50 inner accumulated slag reduce at last or cancellation thermopair 44 and thermocouple cavity wall 64 between clearance space.
Usually the clearance amount (Fig. 2-5) that provides between thermopair 44 and the thermocouple cavity wall 64 depends on several competition factors.A factor is that clearance must be enough to avoid when gas generator 10 heats or cools off the interference when flame retardant coating 24,30 and expansion of 34 normal heats and contraction between the wall 64 of thermopair 44 and thermocouple cavity sections 58,60 and 62.
About another factor of selecting clearance suitable between thermopair 44 and the cavity wall 64 is that the cross-sectional openings of working as thermocouple cavity sections 58,60 and 62 (also being thermopair chamber 50) increases, it is bigger that slag will enter into the possibility of more depths of thermocouple cavity 50 from cavity opening 68, reduced or eliminated the clearance of expectation.
About another consideration of selecting suitable clearance is that clearance space between thermopair 44 and the thermocouple cavity wall 64 is big more, and gas generator shell 12 is exposed to by the risk from the heat of reaction chamber 40 of thermocouple cavity 50 big more.If the gas generator shell 12 in thermocouple 49 (Fig. 2) does not have the protected production heat that is not subjected to fireproof casing 14 that makes, the infringement of meeting generating cover.
Because hot side brick layer 24 than supporting brick layers 30 or outermost face brick layer 34 to bear hot greatly exposure and thermal expansion and contraction, is being supported in chamber portion 58 internal ratios of hot side brick layer 24 to provide more vertical elongated or thermopair clearance in the chamber portion 60 and 62 of brick layer 30 and outermost face brick layer 34.
With reference to figure 2-5, before gas reaction generator 10 was heated to working temperature, with respect to solid furnace lining (solid line) thermocouple cavity sections 58 and 60, the position of thermopair 44 was corresponding to the room temperature condition of gas reaction generator 10.In gas generator 10 startup work, when gas generator when room temperature condition is heated to operational temperature conditions, the flame retardant coating 24,30 and 34 that is supported on the bottom (not having to show) of gas generator will upwards expand usually.
Because hot-face layer 24 (Fig. 1) is than layer 30 or 34 a more close reaction chamber 40, when gas generator when room temperature is heated to operational temperature conditions, layer 24 will produce bigger expansion than layer 30 or 34.Equally, usually layer 30 is compared with layer 34 and will be produced bigger expansion, because layer 30 is than layer 34 a more close reaction chamber 40.
Thereby as shown in Fig. 2 and 3, chamber portion 58 with respect to layer 24, the ambient temperature position of thermopair 44 allows layer 24 a more substantial vertical movement, provides the chamber portion 60 (Fig. 2 and 4) than layer 30 and the more thermal expansion clearance of chamber portion 62 (Fig. 2 and 5) of layer 34 with the bottom at thermopair 44.
Fig. 3 and 4 dotted lines show the working temperature position of thermopair 44 with respect to thermocouple cavity sections 58 and 60.With respect to chamber portion 62 (Fig. 5), the working temperature position of thermopair 44 is identical haply under operational temperature conditions and room temperature condition, expands with identical haply speed with the gas generator shell 12 that supports the thermopair mouth of pipe 48 and thermopair 44 because contain the refractory brick outermost layer 34 of chamber portion 62.
When slag (not show) when hot side 26 flows downward, it enters into thermocouple cavity 50 by cavity opening 68 (Fig. 2).The accumulation of slag in thermocouple cavity 50 causes the clearance between the wall 64 of thermopair 44 and thermocouple cavity 50 to reduce or eliminate.When gas generator 10 during for the purpose cool to room temperature condition safeguarding or repair, fireproof casing 24 and 30 will produce contraction in downward direction.Thereby therefore the slag of any predetermined quantity can produce downward power infringement or shear thermopair 44 to thermopair 44 in thermocouple cavity 50.
Flow to the problem of gas generator shell 12 in order to solve slags accumulation problems in the thermocouple cavity 50 and heat by thermocouple cavity 50, a kind of new guard shield 80 (Fig. 6-8 and 11A-11D) is provided.
With reference to figure 6 and 7, guard shield 80 covers the opening 120 (Fig. 7) of thermocouple cavity 58.Guard shield 80 protection thermopairs 44 eliminate haply that slag moves to thermocouple cavity 58 and caloric restriction flow to gas generator shell 12 by thermocouple cavity 58.The hot-face layer 24 (Fig. 6) on preferred guard shield 80 recessed hot side surfaces 26.
With reference to figure 11A, 11B, 11C and 11D, guard shield 80 is a disk-like structure and be made of compact aluminum oxide normally.Cover 80 has smooth usually vertical rear surface 84 of a front surface 82, one and the outer rim 86 between front surface and the rear surface.When covering on the orientation of selection as shown in Figure 8, front surface 82 comprises the slag transfer portion 90 on top, and it tilts to depart from rear surface 84 downward vertically.Front surface 82 also comprises a hypsokinesis portion 92, be positioned at slag transfer portion 90 below.When cover 80 during in selected orientation shown in Figure 8, hypsokinesis portion 92 84 inclinations towards the rear surface downwards.The area of preferred slag transfer portion 90 is littler than the area of hypsokinesis portion 92.
The outer rim 86 of cover 80 shows the most clearly in Figure 11 D, when cover is positioned at the orientation of the selection shown in Fig. 6-8, has top 96 and bottom 98, and it slopes downwardly into rear surface 84 from front surface 82.Cover 80 has maximum thickness under this arrangement, and slag transfer portion 90 and hypsokinesis portion 92 are in intersecting lens 100 places intersections (Figure 11 D).
Pair of holes 104 and 106 (Figure 11 A and 11D) extends through front surface 82 up to the rear surface 84, from front surface 82 rear surface 84 that is inclined upwardly, when cover 80 is shown in selected orientation as Fig. 6-8. Preferred hole 104 and 106 is positioned at the hypsokinesis portion 92 (Figure 11 B) of front surface 82.It should be noted that two holes 104 and 104 can make the work of cover 80 easy when installation or removal if desired.It also is feasible providing a hole on cover 80.There is a hole also to allow two holes 104 shown in this boring ratio and 106 to adopt bigger pitch angle in cover 80 the hypsokinesis portion 92.The cover that does not have the hole also is feasible.
With reference to figure 7 and 8, preferably forming thermocouple cavity 58 in the refractory block 110 and 112 up and down, it is made of compact aluminum oxide, and each pad comprises a cavities 58.Find that two independent pads 110 and 112 handle and install on hot-face layer 24 than a pad that contains cavity 58 (not show) is easier.
Thermocouple cavity 58 (Fig. 7) comprises the counter sink (couterbore) 118 on the cavity opening 120.Counter sink 118 and the rear surface 84 and outer rim 86 shape complementarities that cover 80.Because the portion 96 and 98 that outer rim 86 is downward-sloping, therefore guard shield 80 can be entered counter sink 118, helps to keep the position of cover 80 in counter sink 118 so that cover 80 weight.If necessary, providing fire-resistant sicker (not showing) to come further to cover 80 on the outer rim 86 of the surface of counter sink 118 and cover 80 is fixed in the counter sink 118.
Although the size of guard shield 80 depends in part on the size (Fig. 9 A and 10A) of thermopair 44 and refractory block 110 and 112, the size example of guard shield 80 comprises the about 115mm of height of rear surface 84, intersecting lens 100 is approximately 100mm to the distance of following peripheral part 98, and the distance from intersecting lens 100 to last peripheral part 96 is approximately 17mm.The width of the rounded portions of the hypsokinesis portion 92 of front surface 82 is approximately 113mm.Angle between slag transfer portion 90 and the hypsokinesis portion 92 is approximately 145 °.Angle between slag transfer portion 90 and the last peripheral part 96 is approximately 110 °.Angle between hypsokinesis portion 92 and the following peripheral part 98 is approximately 105 °.Angle between last peripheral part 96 and the rear surface 84 is approximately 100 °.Angle between following peripheral part 98 and the rear surface is 80 °. Peripheral part 96 and 98 thickness are approximately 22mm up and down, and hole 104 and 106 diameter are approximately 25mm, and the angle between the rear surface 84 is approximately 80 °.Distance between the hole on the front surface 92 104 and 106 is approximately 24mm.
To 9D, following refractory block 112 comprises hot side surface element 126 and half countersink region 118a with reference to figure 9A, following peripheral part 98 complementations of itself and guard shield 80.Following refractory block 112 also comprises the bottom 58a of cavity 58 and relative sidewall 128 and 130, and it has a small inclination from hot side surface element 126 to rear surface portion 132.Because providing the local described pad of refractory block 112 on fireproof casing 14 is cylindricality, hot side surface element 126 (Fig. 9 C) is 130 slight depression from sidewall 128 to sidewall, and rear surface 132 is 130 slight convex from sidewall 128 to sidewall. Angled side walls 128 and 130 helps to descend refractory block 112 to be locked in 24 li of hot-face layer, and here fireproof casing 14 is cylindricalitys.Following refractory block 112 also comprises basal surface 134 and faces the top surface 136 of last refractory block 110.
To 10D, last refractory block 110 comprises recessed hot side surface element 126 and the countersunk raised head hole portion 118b identical with the hot side surface element of thermocouple block 112 with reference to figure 10A, last peripheral part 96 complementations of itself and guard shield 80.Last refractory block 110 also comprises the top 58b of cavity 116 and relative sidewall 142 and 144, and its sidewall 128 and 130 with thermocouple block 112 is identical, from hot side surface element 126 to rear surface portion 146 slight inclination.Rear surface portion 146 projectioies are identical with the rear surface portion 132 of thermocouple block 112. Sloped sidewall 142 and 144 helps refractory block 110 is locked in the hot-face layer 24, and fireproof casing 14 is a cylindricality here.Last refractory block 110 also comprises a upper surface 148 and a basal surface 150, and it faces the upper surface 136 of refractory block 112 down.
The size of last thermocouple block 110, for example 126 width rear surface 146 width that are approximately between 155mm and sidewall 142 and 144 in the hot side between the sidewall 142 and 144 surface are approximately 180mm.Sidewall 142 and 144 146 approximately tilts 4 ° from hot side surface 126 to the rear surface.The about 175mm of distance between hot side surface 126 and the rear surface 146, the distance between basal surface 150 and the upper surface 148 is approximately 190mm.The 58b of chamber portion has the bend that a radius is approximately 25.6mm, and it is from basal surface 150 about 13mm, and the distance between the bottom of basal surface 150 and the 58b of chamber portion is approximately 38mm like this.The radius of counter sink 118b (Figure 10 D) is approximately 57mm, and countersunk head hole wall angle of inclination is approximately 80 °.
Except countersunk head hole wall (Fig. 9 D) angle of inclination is approximately 100 °, the size of following thermocouple block 112 and the relation of angle are identical with last thermocouple block 110 haply.
Go up the cavity 60 that forms in the support brick layer 30 in two thermocouple block 160 and 162 (Fig. 6), each thermocouple block comprises part cavity 60.Thermocouple block 160 with 162 to construct to described thermocouple block 110 mode similar with 112.Yet the thermocouple block of making 160 and 162 littler than thermopair pad 110 and 112 does not have counter sink and because the elongation of thermocouple cavity 60 does not need the same with clearance with the elongation of thermocouple cavity 116 big with clearance because fill up in 160 and 162.
On thermocouple block 170, form the thermocouple cavity 62 (Fig. 6) of outermost face brick layer 34,, roughly do not move with respect to thermopair 44 because cavity 62 has circular xsect.Thermocouple block 170 is made than thermopair pad 160 and 162 height, because outermost face brick layer 34 is generally narrow than hot-face layer 24 or support brick layer 30, and littler than the density of hot side thermocouple block 110 and 112 usually.
Shown in Fig. 6-8 guard shield 80 is installed in the counter sink 118, except covering the hole 104 and 106 in 80, cavity opening 120 is closed haply.Any slag (not having to show) that moves down (Fig. 6) on the hot side surface, direction upper edge 26 of guard shield 80 passes through in order to shift the slag transfer portion 90 of the hypsokinesis portion 92 below leaving.
If slag moves in the hypsokinesis portion 92, flow downwards rather than upwards probably, thereby walk around acclivitous hole 104 and 106 in the hypsokinesis portion 92.Guard shield 80 reduces or eliminates slag and flows into thermocouple cavity 58 like this, has roughly reduced heat and has passed through the transmission of thermocouple cavity 58 to gas generator shell 12 from reaction chamber 40.
The protected haply slag of avoiding of thermocouple cavity 58 and thermopair 44 moves to influence in the cavity 58 under this arrangement.The slag that clearance space between thermopair 44, thermocouple cavity 58 and chamber portion 60 and 62 should be not form in reaction chamber 40 in the transfer process of synthetic gas at carbon-containing fuel.
Entering thermocouple cavity 58 because guard shield 80 reduces by the heat transfer rate of thermocouple cavity 58 haply and reduced or eliminated slag haply, is feasible for the thermocouple cavity 58 that has a bigger clearance space than unprotected thermocouple cavity 50 among Fig. 2 is provided in the thermopair 44.The clearance that increases in the thermocouple cavity will guarantee that thermopair 44 is in unexpected safety when causing the temperature extremes of refractory brick additional thermal expansion.
Thereby the present invention comprises the method for the thermopair in a kind of new protection gas generator.Method comprises that forming one extends through the thermocouple cavity of fireproof casing and gas generator shell, thereby forms thermocouple on the hot side surface of fireproof casing.The present invention further is included on the position of covering of thermocouple cavity opening provides guard shield to cover the thermocouple cavity opening, thereby prevents that the slag that forms in gas generator from entering thermocouple cavity by the thermocouple cavity opening.This method further is included in and forms a counter sink on the thermocouple, thereby makes guard shield recessed scheduled volume on thermocouple.
Method further aspect comprises that guard shield is set has slag transitional surface and hypsokinesis face.Rear surface from the front surface of cover towards cover on the hypsokinesis face that is also included within guard shield on the other hand of method is inclined upwardly and forms one or more through holes.Method further comprises provides the periphery of guard shield to have the upper and lower, and its front surface from cover slopes downwardly into the rear surface of cover.
Remarkable advantages of the present invention from the foregoing description comprises the guard shield of thermopair and the thermocouple cavity in the gas generator, thereby it is by reducing or preventing that slag from flowing into thermocouple cavity and overcoming slag accumulation problem in the thermocouple cavity.Another advantage be guard shield reduce heat from the reaction chamber of gas generator by the transmission of thermocouple cavity to the gas generator shell.Also having an advantage is that guard shield has slag transitional surface and hypsokinesis face, and the slag transitional surface shifts the hypsokinesis face of slag away from cover.Further advantage is that cover comprises one or more holes, and it communicates with thermocouple cavity, makes the true temperature rather than because the compensation temperature that the insulation effect of cover produces of thermopair monitoring gas generator.Relatively little hole makes when not covering the possibility minimum to the thermal shock damage of thermopair that takes place on the cover.
The hole that to also have an advantage be guard shield is inclined upwardly and prevents that any slag that may flow to hypsokinesis face from moving to thermocouple cavity by opening.Another advantage is by guard shield protection thermocouple cavity, to reduce or to prevent that slag from entering thermocouple cavity, may enlarge thermocouple cavity and is not subjected to the risk of slag penetration, because the thermocouple cavity that increases has guard shield.Therefore using guard shield to allow bigger clearance is provided between thermopair and thermocouple cavity, is infeasible and there is not guard shield.
Consider above-mentionedly can see several purposes that can reach invention and obtain other useful result.Do not depart from scope of the present invention owing to from above-mentioned structure and method, can obtain several different changes, be intended that describe above being included in or in the accompanying drawings shown in all contents should be interpreted as illustrative and hard-core meaning.
Claims (21)
1. a gas generator comprises,
A) reactor enclosure,
B) fireproof casing on described reactor enclosure, it is the defined reaction chamber in described reaction shell, and described fireproof casing comprises the hot side surface,
C) extend through described reactor enclosure, described fireproof casing, and the thermocouple cavity by described hot side surface, it limits thermocouple on described hot side surface, and,
D) cover on described thermocouple is used for covering described thermocouple, enters described thermocouple cavity to prevent excessive reaction heat and the slag that forms on described reaction chamber hot side surface by described thermocouple.
2. the gas generator described in claim 1, wherein be in covering position on the described thermocouple when covering described thermocouple when described cover, described cover has corresponding to the front surface on described hot side surface with in the face of the rear surface of thermocouple cavity, when covering on described covering position, described front surface has the slag transitional surface, and it is direction inclination downward vertically from described rear surface.
3. gas generator as claimed in claim 2, wherein when described cover is in the covering position, described front surface has the hypsokinesis portion that is positioned at below the described slag transfer portion, when described cover is in described covering position, the direction inclination downward vertically of described hypsokinesis portion towards described rear surface.
4. gas generator as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the hypsokinesis portion of described cover, form a hole, described hole extends through described front surface and described rear surface, and when described cover was in described covering position, it was inclined upwardly towards described rear surface from described front surface.
5. gas generator as claimed in claim 3, wherein said hypsokinesis portion is bigger than the area of described slag transfer portion.
6. gas generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein be placed on described thermocouple when covering described thermocouple when described cover, described cover has corresponding to the front surface on described hot side surface with in the face of the rear surface of thermocouple cavity, when described cover is in described covering position, described cover has the periphery between described front surface and described rear surface, described periphery has the upper and lower, and it is downward-sloping towards described rear surface from described front surface.
7. gas generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said thermocouple comprises a counter sink, described cover and counter sink have complementary shape, so that describedly cover on recessed scheduled volume in the described counter sink.
8. gas generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cover is generally dish type.
9. cover that is used for protecting the gas generator thermopair, comprising,
A) member of a common plate-like, this member has
I. be exposed to the front surface of the heat of gas generator reaction chamber,
II. face the rear surface of thermocouple cavity, and
III. the periphery between described front surface and the described rear surface,
B) described cover has the orientation of selection, and wherein when described cover was positioned at the orientation of described selection, described rear surface formed a vertical plane, and described front surface has the slag transfer portion, and it is downward-sloping from described rear surface.
10. cover as claimed in claim 9, wherein when described cover is positioned at the orientation of described selection, described front surface has the hypsokinesis portion that is positioned at below the described slag transfer portion, and when described cover was in the orientation of described selection, described hypsokinesis portion tilted downward vertically towards described rear surface.
11. cover as claimed in claim 9, wherein when described cover is in described selection orientation, form a hole in the hypsokinesis portion of described cover, described hole extends through described front surface and described rear surface, and it is inclined upwardly towards described rear surface from described front surface.
12. cover as claimed in claim 10, wherein said slag transfer portion is littler than the area of described hypsokinesis portion.
13. cover as claimed in claim 9, wherein when described cover was in the orientation of described selection, described periphery had the upper and lower, and the upper and lower of described periphery slopes downwardly into described rear surface from described front surface.
14. a method of protecting the thermopair of gas generator, comprising,
A) form a thermocouple cavity, it extends through gas generator reaction chamber shell, limits a thermocouple by the fireproof casing on the gas generator shell and by the hot side surface of fireproof casing on the hot side surface, and,
B) on the covering position of described thermocouple, provide a cover to cover described thermocouple, thereby prevent that any slag that forms from entering thermocouple cavity by described thermocouple on gas generator hot side surface.
15. method as claimed in claim 14 wherein forms counter sink with described hood-shaped shape complementation in described thermocouple, make described cover can be on described thermocouple recessed scheduled volume.
16. method as claimed in claim 14, comprising being placed on described thermocouple when described cover when covering described thermocouple, provide one smooth to provide a front surface corresponding to described hot side surface for described cover in the face of the rear surface of described thermocouple cavity and to described cover, and when described cover is placed on the described thermocouple selected orientation, formation has the top of the front surface of slag transfer portion, and it is downward-sloping from the rear surface.
17. method as claimed in claim 16 comprising when described cover is in selected orientation, provides one to be inclined upwardly towards described rear surface and to extend through the through hole of described front surface and rear surface on described cover.
18. method as claimed in claim 16, comprising when described cover is in selected orientation, form one and be lower than the hypsokinesis portion of described slag transfer portion on described front surface, and described hypsokinesis portion is set has a gradient, it tilts from front surface towards the rear surface vertical downward direction.
19. method as claimed in claim 18 is comprising forming the slag transfer portion of area less than described hypsokinesis portion.
20. method as claimed in claim 14, when being in the covering position of described thermocouple when described cover, placing described cover makes the front surface of cover corresponding to described hot side surface, the rear surface of cover is in the face of thermocouple cavity, the front surface of cover is set when covering the position and the periphery of the cover between the rear surface has the upper and lower when described cover is in, make the upper and lower of periphery form from described front surface to described rear surface to lower inclined plane.
21. protect near the gas generator container of thermocouple cavity or the method for shell for one kind; wherein said thermopair extends through the reaction chamber shell of gas generator forward; by the fireproof casing on the reactor enclosure and by the hot side surface on the fireproof casing; on described hot side surface, to limit a thermocouple; described method is included in provides a cover to cover described thermocouple on the covering position on the described thermocouple; thereby make gas generator container or shell minimum exposure in heat, otherwise heat will be by described thermocouple cavity to gas generator container or shell from gas generator.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US29/157,311 | 2002-03-18 | ||
| US10/100,606 US20030174756A1 (en) | 2002-03-18 | 2002-03-18 | Protective cap for a thermocouple in a gasifier |
| US10/100,606 | 2002-03-18 | ||
| US29/157,311 USD472481S1 (en) | 2002-03-18 | 2002-03-18 | Protective cap for a thermocouple in a gasifier |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1650153A true CN1650153A (en) | 2005-08-03 |
| CN100587424C CN100587424C (en) | 2010-02-03 |
Family
ID=28456576
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN03810000A Expired - Fee Related CN100587424C (en) | 2002-03-18 | 2003-01-13 | Protective cap for thermocouple in gas generator |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1488203A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4436687B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100978872B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100587424C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003202964B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2486763A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003081192A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101003358B (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2011-05-18 | 华东理工大学 | Multi nozzle gasification furnace feeding in hydrocarbon-including plasma or powder state |
| CN102439366A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2012-05-02 | 通用电气公司 | Support shelves for gasifier dome and thermocouple |
| CN102575851A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2012-07-11 | 通用电气公司 | Angled probe for vessel |
| CN105136323A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-09 | 河南省天利工业炉有限公司 | Integrally-brick-plugged thermocouple provided with cooling water loop |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100031570A1 (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2010-02-11 | Wei Chen | Method and system for an integrated gasifier and syngas cooler |
| CN102322969B (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2013-04-24 | 华东理工大学 | High-temperature testing probe, device and method for entrained flow gasifier |
| PT2926100T (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2020-08-20 | Lummus Technology Inc | Thermal sensing system |
| CN103808421B (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2016-05-11 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Armored thermocouple assembly for measuring temperature of cylinder cover and manufacturing and mounting method thereof |
| KR102007813B1 (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-10-21 | 성창화 | Reduction furnace for reducting gasification treatment of organic waste and reduction gasification treatment apparatus comprising the same and reducting gasification treatment system of organic waste |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4134738A (en) * | 1978-04-10 | 1979-01-16 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Automated poking system for coal gasifier |
| US4590326A (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1986-05-20 | Texaco Inc. | Multi-element thermocouple |
| EP0281375A3 (en) * | 1987-03-04 | 1989-11-29 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Oxygen analyzer |
| US4776705A (en) * | 1987-06-11 | 1988-10-11 | Texaco Inc. | Thermocouple for use in a hostile environment |
| US5005986A (en) * | 1989-06-19 | 1991-04-09 | Texaco Inc. | Slag resistant thermocouple sheath |
| US5022766A (en) * | 1990-01-19 | 1991-06-11 | Phipps Jack M | Temperature sensing device |
| JPH05264010A (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1993-10-12 | Hitachi Ltd | Fluid bed treating device and pressurized fluid bed composite generating device |
| EP1023578B1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 2007-06-13 | Texaco Development Corporation | Apparatus for measuring temperature inside reactors |
| US6089110A (en) * | 1998-02-20 | 2000-07-18 | Carrier Corporation | Temperature probe positioning system |
| US6059453A (en) * | 1998-04-20 | 2000-05-09 | Rosemount Inc. | Temperature probe with sapphire thermowell |
| AU755541B2 (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 2002-12-12 | Texaco Development Corporation | Thermocouple for use in gasification process |
| US6302578B1 (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 2001-10-16 | Texaco Inc. | Behind the brick thermocouple |
-
2003
- 2003-01-13 CN CN03810000A patent/CN100587424C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-01-13 EP EP03702079A patent/EP1488203A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-01-13 CA CA002486763A patent/CA2486763A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-01-13 JP JP2003578878A patent/JP4436687B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-01-13 AU AU2003202964A patent/AU2003202964B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-01-13 WO PCT/US2003/000914 patent/WO2003081192A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-01-13 KR KR1020047014710A patent/KR100978872B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101003358B (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2011-05-18 | 华东理工大学 | Multi nozzle gasification furnace feeding in hydrocarbon-including plasma or powder state |
| CN102439366A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2012-05-02 | 通用电气公司 | Support shelves for gasifier dome and thermocouple |
| CN102575851A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2012-07-11 | 通用电气公司 | Angled probe for vessel |
| CN105136323A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-09 | 河南省天利工业炉有限公司 | Integrally-brick-plugged thermocouple provided with cooling water loop |
| CN105136323B (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-12-22 | 河南天利热工装备股份有限公司 | A kind of overall plug brick thermocouple provided with chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1488203A1 (en) | 2004-12-22 |
| EP1488203A4 (en) | 2011-06-29 |
| CA2486763A1 (en) | 2003-10-02 |
| JP4436687B2 (en) | 2010-03-24 |
| WO2003081192A1 (en) | 2003-10-02 |
| KR20050013532A (en) | 2005-02-04 |
| AU2003202964A1 (en) | 2003-10-08 |
| CN100587424C (en) | 2010-02-03 |
| KR100978872B1 (en) | 2010-08-31 |
| AU2003202964B2 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
| JP2006509995A (en) | 2006-03-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1650153A (en) | Protective cap for a thermocouple in a gasifier | |
| KR101389675B1 (en) | Carbon conversion system with integrated processing zones | |
| CN1434740A (en) | Method and apparatus for separating particles from hot gases | |
| KR102206039B1 (en) | Pyrolysis petrolizing apparatus for having gas separator with smooth dust removal and gas flow | |
| US20110058991A1 (en) | Gasification device with slag removal facility | |
| CN1176375A (en) | Improved heat exchanger for use in high temperature applications | |
| CN1918306A (en) | Metallurgical vessel | |
| US5117770A (en) | Combustion unit | |
| CN1320707A (en) | Directly smelting apparatus | |
| CN1771567A (en) | Device and process for cooling molten core material released from a reactor vessel | |
| CN1977055A (en) | Metallurgical processing installation | |
| CN1249809A (en) | Reactor | |
| JP5128150B2 (en) | Method for recovering methyl methacrylate | |
| US5016576A (en) | Fluidizing combustion chamber | |
| US20030174756A1 (en) | Protective cap for a thermocouple in a gasifier | |
| KR101766547B1 (en) | Anti wear apparatus of neck part of coke dry quenching | |
| CN113166661B (en) | Reactor and process for gasifying and/or melting feedstock | |
| CN1132780A (en) | Entrained bed coal gasification reactor and method of gasifying coal | |
| US4019445A (en) | Studded hearth | |
| CN1320128C (en) | Direct smelting container | |
| CN102196857A (en) | Devices and methods of heat removal from exothermic high temperature reaction processes | |
| JP4345043B2 (en) | Waste gasification and melting furnace | |
| JP5886144B2 (en) | Waste treatment equipment | |
| CN2430446Y (en) | Bulking bed gas generating furnace | |
| SU1390300A1 (en) | Method of thermal consolidation of soil in the form of a support |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20100203 Termination date: 20120113 |