CN1648332A - Paper-making method by pulping - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of no-water and no-pollution pulping and paper-making process. Plant fiber material is first processed into segment or coarse bran, and then produced in screw extruder into paper pulp, paper and other fibrous products with no or little chemical material used and with or without heat applied. Using the said technology in building pulping and paper-making production line or re-building available pulping and paper-making production line can lower cost and reduce pollution.

Description

A kind of pulp and paper making method

The present invention relates to a kind of pulp and paper making method, especially a kind of nothing " three wastes " is polluted, and low cost can be saved the pulp and paper making method of great amount of investment.

The pulping process that present paper industry generally adopts is the method for chemical method or chemistry and physical bond, also many employing cylinder mould machines of its papermaking process or the method papermaking of long mesh paper making machine to filter, to squeeze, dry, its major defect is: flow process is complicated especially, and investment in fixed assets is too big; Waste water,waste gas and industrial residue, dust etc. pollute especially severe, and the pollution treatment investment is big, pollution treatment running cost height, and the pollution treatment effect is also bad; Water, electricity, coal, industrial chemicals, manpower, proprietary material etc. consume high, and production cost is higher.

A kind of mechanical pulp-making method that utilizes thread rolling machine to handle fibrous raw material had appearred again in recent years, its weak point is: the slurry of making is inhomogeneous, and thick slag is many, and slurry quality is poor, production efficiency is low, power consumption is higher, and equipment price height, papermaking process are still with cylinder or long mesh paper making machine with filtration, squeezing, oven drying method production, still exist investment big, water consumption is big, and the cost height pollutes the problem that heavily waits.

The pulping process that another kind is called blasting procedure is: utilize pressurize fibrous raw material in the special-purpose high pressure resistant equipment of Steam Heating, rapid decompression discharging then with the fiber separation in the fibrous raw material, makes the paper pulp of paper grade (stock) with the form of explosion.When this method was handled raw material, pressure was high especially, and the device fabrication difficulty is big, and the equipment price height will be used a large amount of steam, and production efficiency is low, and slurry is inhomogeneous.Papermaking still with cylinder mould machine or long mesh paper making machine, is addressed before the weak point.

Also have a kind of bio-pulping method, it is to utilize microorganism to act on the lignin that will remove in the fibrous raw material selectively, and the fiber in the separate raw materials, makes the paper pulp of paper grade (stock).This method production cycle is long, and production efficiency is low, produces to be difficult to control, and cost is higher, and waste liquid still need be invested improvement, seldom is used for producing.

The anhydrous pollution-free pulping papermaking process that also has a kind of inventor several years ago to study, this method is that raw materials such as straw, wheat straw, waste paper are become fiber powder or fiber suede with the dry method size degradation, again with water-based, nontoxic, cheap slurry or cream mixing, defibrination again, plasticate again " fibered plaster " with extrude, calendering process forms the paper tire, makes pulp board or paper product with cylinder dried again.This method just is convenient to anhydrous slurrying and water-free paper-making because of adding binding in the material, so cost is than the inventive method height, steam consumption quantity and drying equipment were invested than this method height when the paper tire was dried in addition, but more than traditional pulp and paper making method advantage, the kind of producing is more, still has the excellent popularization prospect.

Purpose of the present invention is exactly that will to overcome the pollution that above-mentioned the whole bag of tricks exists big, and investment is big, and weak points such as cost height make that pulping and papermaking processes is realized anhydrously pollution-freely, low-cost, low investing, high efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention will adopt following technical scheme: the various plant fiber materials of selecting for use are become nodal plate shape or piece sheet with blank device processes such as bamboo cutter or chaffcutter or wood chippers, be ground into the chaff shape with pulverizer again or do not pulverize, do not add or add a small amount of industrial chemicals and water or steam conditioning or not damping, utilize screw extruder again, under the situation that heats or do not heat, extruding or expanded come out, roll-forming is fiber-like product such as pulp product or paper product when material is in plastic viscoelastic state again.The material that the oven dry reel up drum used vapour of roll-in or electrical drying are extruded from the molding port mould makes it reach the moisture content of product requirement.If during products such as various special-shaped products of production or special-shaped packaging cushion or bar-shaped or tubulose or plate-like or carton usefulness interval hollow cardboard or foaming kind cardboard, available formation mould with respect to shape of product replaces the molding port mould of screw-type extruder back, and is equipped with corresponding typing and drying equipment can be produced.If raw materials for production are the softer raw material of material such as careless class can directly pulverize with pulverizer after, enter the various fiber-like products of process for producing in the screw extruder.

The present invention simplifies flow process because of the innovation of processing method greatly, so investments in fixed assets such as production procedure equipment and factory building significantly reduce; Because of need not or only using a small amount of nontoxic industrial chemicals, also need not or only regulate water in the production with minute quantity, so do not have waste water, no waste gas, the generation of no waste residue in producing, complete feed utilizes, zero-emission, avoid the severe contamination of former traditional pulp and paper making method fully, also can save a large amount of pollution treatment investments and pollution treatment running cost; Cause industrial chemicals is in a large number removed the boiling fibrous raw material, so can save a large amount of industrial chemicals consumption and steam coal; Because of pulping yield can improve 30-50%, thus the resource that can economize in raw materials, and reduce a large amount of production costs; During because of fiber-like products such as this law papermaking and pulp boards, material moisture can save less dry with steam (or); Because of flow sheet equipment is few, so electricity consumption is few, the manpower consumption is few; Because of water in producing few, so can save a large amount of water rates; Because of not resembling conventional method slurrying and papermaking, can save Master Costs such as a large amount of proprietary materials such as felt, copper mesh, plastic wire.In a word, because of the reduction greatly of above-mentioned manpower, the energy, the consumption of materials, cost can be reduced significantly.Applying of this technology also can be brought back to life numerous papermaking enterprises that face bankruptcy or close because of seriously polluted and cost is higher, and it is rejuvenated, be country's wound tax, also can alleviate the imbalance between supply and demand of paper product, also can reduce laid-off people, maintain social stability.Also, can improve existent environment of people and ecological environment, realize good environmental benefit because of this method has solved pollution problem.

Described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific implementation method.

Fig. 1 is new pulp and paper making method general flow chart.

Among Fig. 1: 1 is that plant fiber material, 2 is the fiber-like product for oven dry reel up drum, 9 for compression roller, 8 for molding port mould, 7 for screw extruder, 6 for industrial chemicals groove or tank, 5 for pulverizer, 4 for blank equipment, 3.

The preparation of raw material: produce and raw materials usedly should require select kind according to product quality, the variety classes raw material should separately be deposited standby, should separately deposit standbyly with the different moisture content of kind raw material or the different stage of growth, must not use with, and should select wherein each kind of foreign material and rotten raw material.To the raw material of seasonal purchase is arranged, prepare enough annual consumption, and stacking deposits, note the material buttress around draining unobstructed, the well-ventilated prevents that raw material is rotten.Should also be noted that fire prevention and prevent that raw material is on fire naturally.

Plant fiber material is processed into the principle of fiber-like product: plant fiber material is made process of pulp, overcome the cementation of intercellular layer between fibrocyte exactly, the process that fibrocyte is dissociated.And the main chemical of intercellular layer is a lignin, and with the cementation weakening of lignin macromolecule, the fiber in the separate raw materials can obtain paper pulp again.Utilize lignin transformable character under the unstable and mechanism under heating condition, envoy's sheet or chaff shape fibrous raw material are subjected to high shear in screw extruder (5), friction and squeezing action, temperature raises, pressure increases, at this moment, the lignin macromolecule structure is subjected to high temperature and mechanism and destroys, cementation weakens, simultaneously, moisture content is subjected to superheated in the middle fibrous raw material of screw extruder (5), when the High Temperature High Pressure material is extruded rapidly from the molding port mould (6) of screw extruder (5) back and is expanded, bigger steam pressure just can be with the fiber separation in the material, extrude when being in plastic viscoelastic state from molding port mould (6) at material, utilize the rolling effect of compression roller (7) and oven dry reel up drum (8) material of viscoelastic attitude can be pressed into fiber-like products (9) such as pulp product or paper product again.If change molding port mould (6) mould of different shape into, and be equipped with corresponding modular system and drying equipment can make various profiled filament series products.

Expect product processing from former: various selected plant fiber materials (1) through blank equipment (2) as chaffcutter or bamboo cutter or wood chipper etc., after being processed into nodal plate shape or piece sheet, use pulverizer (3) to be ground into the chaff shape again, water or steam conditioning or not damping again, add again and add industrial chemicals on a small quantity or not, utilize screw extruder (5) again, under the situation that heats or do not heat, handle, and from molding port mould (6) expanded come out, again when material is in plastic viscoelastic state, the rolling effect by compression roller (7) and oven dry reel up drum (8) can be pressed into fiber-like products (9) such as pulp product or paper product.If raw material is the softer plant fiber materials of material such as straw, wheat straw, Chinese alpine rush, cornstalk, bagasse, crudefiber crop, cotton, after can directly passing through pulverizer (3) pulverizing, add water or steam conditioning or not damping, add a small amount of industrial chemicals again or do not add and enter in the screw extruder (5), under the situation that heats or do not heat, handle, and from molding port mould (6), extrude expanded, when material is in the viscoelastic attitude, form fiber-like products (9) such as pulp product or paper product again with compression roller (7) and the roll-in of oven dry reel up drum (8).If molding port mould (6) is changed into the mould of different shape or specification, and be equipped with corresponding modular system or drying plant, also can make various bar-shaped, tubuloses, bulk, tabular, coiled material, special-shaped package-cushioning material, pallet, packing box, carton with fiber-like products such as hollow cardboard or foaming type cardboard at interval.

The kind of raw materials for production: this invention is applicable to each plant fiber raw material, as straw, wheat straw, Chinese alpine rush, bamboo class, reed reed class, crudefiber crop, cotton, bagasse, cornstalk etc. with blank equipment (2), being processed into nodal plate shape or piece sheet uses pulverizer (3) to be ground into the chaff shape again, water or steam conditioning or not damping, add again and add industrial chemicals on a small quantity or not, enter in the screw extruder (5), handle under the situation that does not heat or heat, expanded and drying after forming can make various fiber-like products through molding port mould (6) again.

The selection of capital equipment:

1, the selection of blank equipment (2) should require to determine the kind of raw material according to product quality, determines to select which class blank equipment again, also will be according to the production capacity of product, and the production capacity or the model of decision stock-cutter.Usually raw material such as the harder bamboo class of material, reed reed class, small stems can be selected the bamboo cutter blank for use; The softer raw materials of material such as grass as raw material such as straw, wheat straw, Chinese alpine rush are selected the chaffcutter blank for use, or (3) processing back is standby directly to use pulverizer.If produce wood pulp with this method, round log can be used the wood chipper blank.In a word, selected blank equipment (2) will be convenient to pulverizer (3) after with the raw material blank and be ground into chaff shape thing.

2, the selection of pulverizer (3): pulverizer (3) mainly selects spout big, the strong hammer slice type agricultural mill of grindability is for well, hole diameter of sieve (perforated) plate and percent opening should be determined according to concrete pulverizing result, do not make material pulverize too carefully and the damage fiber, pulverize too slightly next equipment charging of inconvenience again, pulverizing the result is good with the chaff shape.

3, the selection of screw extruder (5): this is a key equipment, select according to the kind of raw material, and different extrusion temperatures of kind and pressure are different, also relevant with speed, temperature, the pressure of raw material moisture content and extrusion operation.Therefore, require selected screw extruder (5) to want energy temperature adjustment, speed governing, the compression ratio of screw rod is suitable, and also optional not temperature adjustment is not heated, and controls the extrusion effect by speed and pressure-regulating.Also requiring has feeding screw in the feed hopper of this machine.Alternative screw extruder (5) has various single screw rods or twin-screw or multiscrew formula extruder or bulking machine or extruder or injector or slaking boiling extruder, also will determine the working ability of this machine according to designed productive capacity.

4, determining of molding port mould (6): it is standby to prepare several moulds according to specifications and models, the shape of product, if produce sheet material or best adjustable thickness of coiled material molding port mould (6) and width, so that save the Mold Making expense.Bar-shaped, tubulose, special-shaped packaging cushion, packing box, carton are commonly used and measure big product with products such as hollow cardboard or foaming type cardboard, pallet, bulk at interval, and the formation mould that should prepare several specifications, model is standby.Molding port mould (6) also should have heating and heat-insulating device.

5, oven dry the selecting for use of reel up drum (8): should determine that this cylinder is to replenish dry products usefulness according to designed productive capacity, it is poor to select drying capacity little, and production capacity reduces.

6, the modular system of profiled filament series products can be selected for use or selects product approval equipment with reference to the plastic pressing forming technological requirement with reference to supplemental equipment requirements such as the typing of plastics expressing technique, cooling, tractions.

7, the selection of special-shaped product drying equipment: can select continuous hot blast of belt or radiant drying equipment for use, also can select the dry various special-shaped products in hot blast or radiant drying chamber for use.

This method combines with traditional papermaking process: after various selected plant fiber materials are processed into nodal plate shape or chaff shape, should be according to raw material moisture content situation water or steam conditioning or not temperature adjustment, and according to a small amount of corresponding reinforcing agent of product quality requirement interpolation, industrial chemicals such as sizing agent, or do not add industrial chemicals, utilize screw extruder (5) under the situation that heats or do not heat, to handle again, the expanded paper pulp that comes out to form also can be packed sale from molding port mould (6) again, to the strange land or on the spot with traditional cylinder mould machine or long mesh paper making machine with filtration, squeezing, furnace drying method is produced various unbleached papers or produce various blank sheet of paper after being bleached.

The production process points for attention:

A, when entering production process, raw material to note, the raw material of the different phase of the too big or growth of variety classes raw material or homogeneous raw material moisture content difference can not be used with, the raw material blank and pulverize the back thickness should be even substantially, otherwise bad control during extrusion, the slurry of making may be inhomogeneous.If produce product, can not pulverize directly to enter in the screw extruder (5) and handle with bagasse.Various foreign material and rotten raw material answer blanking clean when getting the raw materials ready, in order to following process.

When b, material enter screw extruder (5), should determine whether add the water damping or do not add industrial chemicals such as a small amount of reinforcing agent or sizing agent according to concrete conditions such as material moisture content and product quality requirements at charging aperture, institute adds adjusting water or industrial chemicals should be ready to earlier, is stored in industrial chemicals groove or the tank (4) standby.Also can will need the material of damping, store in water or steam conditioning in the special feed bin, and carry out Ageing Treatment,, be convenient to processing to guarantee material moisture content unanimity.

The operation of c, screw extruder (5) is a key link, mainly should operate control according to the kind of raw material, moisture content etc., promptly answer the speed of service, temperature, the pressure of comprehensive adjustment screw extruder (5), if screw extruder (5) does not have steam or electric heater unit to regulate the speed and reaches preferable machining state, make product processed reach the best in quality state.

The heat tracing of d, molding port mould (6) helps formed product and successfully extrudes with expanded, should be controlled at the preferred temperature scope.

The back processing of e, product should be according to the product quality requirement, determines whether surface coated or sprays paint or deburring arrangement or rewinding or cut etc.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of pulp and paper making method, it is that plant fiber material (1) is processed into piece sheet or nodal plate shape raw material through blank equipment (2) as chaffcutter or bamboo cutter or wood chipper etc., be treated as fiber-like products (9) such as paper pulp or paper product again through following process, it is characterized in that: be treated as the piece sheet of suitable size or nodal plate shape plant fiber material uses pulverizer (3) to be ground into the chaff shape again or without pulverizing through blank equipment (2), add water or steam adjusting humidity or not damping again and enter screw extruder (5) as in single screw rod or the twin (double) screw extruder, under the situation that does not add or add a small amount of industrial chemicals and do not heat or heat, with material be processed into contain suitable moisture content fiber-like product (9) as pulp product or paper product etc., if raw materials for production are straw, wheat straw, Chinese alpine rush, crudefiber crop, cotton, bagasse, the softer plant fiber material of materials such as cornstalk can directly be ground into the chaff shape with pulverizer (3) or not pulverize, add water or steam conditioning or not damping again and enter in the screw extruder (5), under the situation that does not add or add a small amount of industrial chemicals and do not heat or heat, can be processed into fiber-like product (9) as pulp product or paper product.

2, pulp and paper making method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: each plant fiber raw material (1) is used fiber-like products such as screw extruder (5) converting pulp product or paper product after all can being processed into nodal plate shape or chaff shape thing again.

3, pulp and paper making method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the extrusion equipment of various single screw rods or twin-screw or multiscrew formula or extrusion equipment or slaking or bulking equipment all can replace screw extruder (5) to be used for nodal plate shape or fiber-like products such as chaff shape plant fiber material converting pulp product or paper product.

4, pulp and paper making method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: each plant fiber raw material is processed into the nodal plate shape or the chaff shape is produced various paper product through also available traditional cylinder mould machine of pulp product or long mesh paper making machine that screw extruder (5) processes with filtration, squeezing, furnace drying method again.

5, pulp and paper making method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: after in the various selected plant fiber materials that are processed into nodal plate shape or chaff shape, adding or not adding corresponding industrial chemicals and damping or not damping, under the situation that does not heat or heat, adopt screw extruder (5) and replace corresponding molding port mould (6), be equipped with corresponding typing and drying plant, can be processed into various bar-shaped, tubuloses, tabular, block, special-shaped packaging cushion, packing box, pallet, coiled material, carton fiber-like products such as hollow or foaming type cardboard at interval.

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