CN1648213A - Method for breaking emulsion and dewatering for emulsified raw oil using mirowave and device for realizing said method - Google Patents
Method for breaking emulsion and dewatering for emulsified raw oil using mirowave and device for realizing said method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1648213A CN1648213A CN 200510042005 CN200510042005A CN1648213A CN 1648213 A CN1648213 A CN 1648213A CN 200510042005 CN200510042005 CN 200510042005 CN 200510042005 A CN200510042005 A CN 200510042005A CN 1648213 A CN1648213 A CN 1648213A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method and apparatus of demulsifying and dewatering emulsified raw oil with microwave. The method includes the following steps: A. locating the microwave generator in emulsified raw oil pipeline or dewatering device; and B. powering the microwave generator to emit microwave radiation to emulsified raw oil. The apparatus includes control cabinet and microwave generator. The microwave generator includes locating unit, magnetron power supply, magnetron and microwave guiding medium. The control cabinet is connected to the magnetron of the microwave generator via power cable. By means of super alternate magnetic field, selective heating and catalytic effect of microwave, the present invention realizes fast oil-water separation of raw oil inside automatically controlled microwave field.
Description
1, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of demulsification technology, specifically a kind of device that utilizes microwave that emulsified crude oil is carried out the method for breaking emulsion and dewatering and implement this method.
2, technical background
Breakdown of emulsion is the important step of oil production oil-gas gathering and transferring technology, in recent years along with the enforcement of tertiary oil production in oil field technology and the continuous increase of oil field chemical consumption, causes day by day that the emulsification of crude oil of heaviness increases the weight of, and has increased the breakdown of emulsion difficulty greatly.In the face of the emulsification of crude oil situation that is on the rise, traditional heat (or)-chemical two-part dewaters demulsification technology because of the operating procedure complexity, and single emulsion splitter bigger limitation occurred to the adaptability of different sorts emulsified crude oil is relatively poor.
Microwave, a kind of wavelength of saying so accurately is widely used in communications industry usually at the ultra-high frequency hertzian wave of 300MHz～300KMHz, along with the further investigation of people to microwave, its energy characteristics cause people's attention gradually, and its heat characteristic is utilized in a large number, and microwave oven is typical case's representative.But heating only is a microwave to being applied a kind of presentation after the medium effect, heat is that making and being applied medium molecule generation high speed rotating is the basic mechanism of microwave to the material effect with rubbing owing to the rotation of microwave electromagnetic field high speed and the friction of medium molecule at quick alternation produces.
3, summary of the invention
Technical assignment of the present invention provides a kind of device that utilizes microwave that emulsified crude oil is carried out the method for breaking emulsion and dewatering and implement this method, utilizes the characteristic of microwave to make emulsified crude oil realize the sharp separation of profit.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Utilize microwave that emulsified crude oil is carried out the method for breaking emulsion and dewatering, comprise the steps:
(A) microwave generator is positioned in the pipeline or dehydration facility of emulsified crude oil;
(B) to the microwave generator power supply, the microwave radiation that makes the microwave generator emission is in emulsified crude oil.
Implement the employed device of aforesaid method and comprise housing and microwave generator, microwave generator comprises locating device, magnetron power source, magnetron and guided wave medium, locating device is arranged on the two ends of microwave generator, magnetron power source, magnetron and guided wave medium are connected successively, and housing joins by the magnetron power source of supply cable and microwave generator.
The guided wave medium is the material of being made up of non-polar molecule, as: tetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polysulfones, plastics, mica, glass, pottery, air etc.
Be provided with housing power supply, air switch, vacuum contactor, micro-chip, fusible cut-out and telepilot in the housing, housing power supply, air switch, fusible cut-out, vacuum contactor and micro-chip join by supply cable successively, the telepilot control single chip computer, the vacuum contactor of housing joins by the magnetron power source of supply cable and microwave generator.
Microwave generator is positioned on the pipeline that emulsified crude oil flows through by locating device, and the guided wave medium is immersed in the oil reservoir, guarantees that the micro-wave energy major part acts on oil reservoir; The dehydration facility perhaps is set in the pipeline that emulsified crude oil is flowed through, make the emulsified crude oil dehydration facility of flowing through, microwave generator is positioned on the dehydration facility by locating device, guarantees that the guided wave medium of microwave generator is in the middle of the oil reservoir, guarantees that the micro-wave energy major part acts on oil reservoir.
The use step of housing is as follows: (1) determines the number of microwave generator according to the breakdown of emulsion liquid measure, calculate according to following formula: WX=ρ | t1-t2|V, wherein W represents the power of magnetron launched microwave, the X representative needs the number of magnetron, ρ represents the specific heat of emulsified crude oil, t1 represents the emulsified crude oil temperature in, and t2 represents the emulsified crude oil temperature out, and V represents emulsified crude oil flow hourly; (2) the housing power switch that closes; (3) according to the initial temperature of pipeline or dehydration facility internal emulsification crude oil, determine the intensification kelvin rating; Initial temperature as: pipeline or dehydration facility internal emulsification crude oil is 20 ℃, requires to be warmed up to 60 ℃ kelvin rating=60 ℃-20 ℃=40 ℃; (4) kelvin rating is imported micro-chip, equipment runs well.
The technical indicator of housing is:
Input voltage: 380V ± 15%;
Emulsified crude oil oil reservoir top temperature: ≯ 80 ℃;
Envrionment temperature :-10～40 ℃;
Ambient moisture: 20～85% (20 ℃);
The type of cooling: air-cooled;
Defencive function: short-circuit protection, overheating protection, overvoltage protection, open-phase protection.
Microwave produces its number of alternations of alternating magnetic field can reach per second 2,400,000,000 5 thousand ten thousand times, utilize this characteristic to the emulsified crude oil effect, the water molecules and the oil molecule of emulsified crude oil are rotated and friction in ultra-high frequency alternating electromagnetic field high speed, destroyed the interfacial film of profit, make water molecules break through surface tension of oil membrane, freely move up and down, collision, coalescent, reach oily water separation, alternating electric field makes nonpolar oil molecule magnetization again, forms eddy current field, and intermolecular attraction is descended, oil viscosity reduces, oil has been quickened in these combined factors effects, water sepn, and can realize not dosing or few dosing breakdown of emulsion.Wet oil in microwave field just can reach 95% dehydration rate as long as stopped 6 minutes, and other method (conventional heating, chemical dehydration) all needs the settling time more than 4 hours.
In the microwave field of quick alternation, chemical reaction course is accelerated, and the catalyzed reaction characteristic of Here it is microwave utilizes this characteristic can accelerate the reaction process of chemical demulsification greatly, significantly improves the efficient of chemical demulsification.Microwave is used for chemical dehydration, can make the chemical dehydration rate improve 16～46%.
The selectivity heating of microwave is another big characteristics of microwave, because different media absorbs the characteristic difference of micro-wave energy, make microwave demulsifying that another unique advantage arranged, the evidence profit exists together in the microwave field, the characteristic that water is accepted micro-wave energy obviously is better than crude oil, and this just makes water molecules in milk sap take the lead in seething with excitement in very short action time to expand and the oil film that rises brokenly reaches the effect of breakdown of emulsion.
The present invention is the super alternating magnetic field that utilizes the microwave uniqueness, the selectivity heating characteristics of microwave, the catalyzed reaction characteristic of microwave, with microwave application in new field---in the breaking emulsion and dewatering of emulsified crude oil, the device that utilizes microwave that emulsified crude oil is carried out the method for breaking emulsion and dewatering and implement this method of the present invention is that emulsified crude oil is in the microwave field that can control automatically, realizes the sharp separation of profit.
4, description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of device used in the present invention breaking emulsion and dewatering in the dehydration facility;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural representation of device used in the present invention breaking emulsion and dewatering in pipeline;
Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural representation of housing and microwave generator.
Among the figure: 1, housing, 2, the dehydration facility, 3, microwave generator, 4, the guided wave medium, 5, locating device, 6, the reservoir temperature meter, 7, tank skin, 8, the housing power supply, 9, air switch, 10, vacuum contactor, 11, micro-chip, 12, fusible cut-out, 13, telepilot, 14, magnetron, 15, supply cable, 16, magnetron power source, 17, pipeline, 18, duct wall, 19, oil reservoir, 20, water layer.
5, embodiment
Below be several dot characteristics of the present invention's microwave:
Microwave, a kind of wavelength of saying so accurately is widely used in communications industry usually at the ultra-high frequency hertzian wave of 300MHz～300KMHz, along with the further investigation of people to microwave, its energy characteristics cause people's attention gradually, and its heat characteristic is utilized in a large number, and microwave oven is typical case's representative.But heating only is a microwave to being applied a kind of presentation after the medium effect, heat is that making and being applied medium molecule generation high speed rotating is the basic mechanism of microwave to the material effect with rubbing owing to the rotation of microwave electromagnetic field high speed and the friction of medium molecule at quick alternation produces.
(1), the super alternating magnetic field characteristic of microwave
Microwave produces its number of alternations of alternating magnetic field can reach per second 2,400,000,000 5 thousand ten thousand times, utilize this characteristic to W/O or the effect of O/W type emulsified crude oil, the water molecules and the oil molecule of emulsified crude oil are rotated and friction in ultra-high frequency alternating electromagnetic field high speed, destroyed the interfacial film of profit, make water molecules break through surface tension of oil membrane, freely move up and down, collision, coalescent, reach oily water separation, alternating electric field makes nonpolar oil molecule magnetization again, forms eddy current field, and intermolecular attraction is descended, oil viscosity reduces, oil has been quickened in these combined factors effects, water sepn, and can realize not dosing or few dosing breakdown of emulsion.Wet oil in microwave field just can reach 95% dehydration rate as long as stopped 6 minutes, and other method (conventional heating, chemical dehydration) all needs the settling time more than 4 hours.
(2), the selectivity heat characteristic of microwave
The dielectric constant ε r of different media material is different with dielectric loss angle tangent tg δ, so the heat effect under the microwave electromagnetic field action is also different.Material by polar molecule is organized can absorb micro-wave energy preferably.Water molecules is extremely strong polarity, is the best medium that absorbs microwave.Another kind ofly form by non-polar molecule, they do not absorb or seldom absorb microwave basically, this class material has tetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polysulfones, plastics, mica, glass, pottery, air etc., and they can see through microwave, and do not absorb microwave.In microwave electric field, the big or small P that medium absorbs microwave power be proportional to frequency f, electric field strength E square, DIELECTRIC CONSTANT r and dielectric loss tangent value tg δ.
According to this characteristic, profit exists together in the microwave field, and the characteristic that water is accepted micro-wave energy obviously is better than crude oil, and this just makes water molecules in milk sap take the lead in seething with excitement in very short action time to expand and the oil film that rises brokenly reaches the effect of breakdown of emulsion.Tetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polysulfones, plastics, mica, glass, pottery, air etc. do not absorb or seldom absorb microwave basically, so can be used to do the guided wave medium.
(3), the catalyzed reaction characteristic of microwave
The microwave catalysis reaction comes down to microwave and at first acts on catalyzer or its carrier, it is heated up and generation active site position rapidly.In the microwave field of quick alternation, the chemical reaction course of some material can be accelerated, and utilizes this characteristic can accelerate the reaction process of chemical demulsification greatly, significantly improves the efficient of chemical demulsification.Microwave is used for chemical emulsification dehydrating of crude oil, can make the chemical dehydration rate improve 16～46%.
Further specify the present invention below with reference to Figure of description.
Embodiment 1:
As Fig. 1, shown in Figure 3:
Employed equipment comprises dehydration facility 2, housing 1 and microwave generator 3, microwave generator 3 comprises locating device 5, magnetron power source 16, magnetron 14 and guided wave medium 4, locating device 5 is arranged on the two ends of microwave generator 3, magnetron power source 16, magnetron 14 and guided wave medium 4 are connected successively, guided wave medium 4 is the material of being made up of non-polar molecule, as tetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polysulfones, plastics, mica, glass, pottery, air etc.
Be provided with housing power supply 8, air switch 9, vacuum contactor 10, micro-chip 11, fusible cut-out 12 and telepilot 13 in the housing 1, housing power supply 8, air switch 9, fusible cut-out 12, vacuum contactor 10 and micro-chip 11 join by supply cable 15 successively, telepilot 13 control single chip computers 11.
The vacuum contactor 10 of housing 1 joins by the magnetron power source 16 of supply cable 15 with microwave generator 3.
Utilize microwave that emulsified crude oil is carried out the method for breaking emulsion and dewatering, step is as follows:
(1) oil-water mixture separates free-water substantially through precipitation process, and the liquid storage district is the profit stratification state, oil reservoir 19 in the above, water layer 20 is below;
(2) emulsified crude oil after will separating injects dehydration facility 2;
(3) microwave generator 3 is positioned in the dehydration facility 2 by locating device 5, guided wave medium 4 upwards is immersed in the oil reservoir, guarantees that guided wave medium 4 is in the middle of the oil reservoir.
(4) give microwave generator 3 power supplies, the microwave radiation that makes microwave generator 3 emissions is in emulsified crude oil.
The use step of housing 1 is as follows:
(1) determine the number of microwave generator 3 according to the breakdown of emulsion liquid measure, calculate according to following formula:
W·X＝ρ·|t1-t2|·V，
Wherein W represents the power of magnetron launched microwave, and the X representative needs the number of magnetron, and ρ represents the specific heat of emulsified crude oil, and t1 represents the emulsified crude oil temperature in, and t2 represents the emulsified crude oil temperature out, and V represents emulsified crude oil flow hourly;
(2) housing power supply 8 switches that close;
(3) according to the initial temperature of dehydration facility 2 internal emulsification crude oil, determine the intensification kelvin rating; As: the initial temperature of dehydration facility 2 internal emulsification crude oil is 20 ℃, requires to be warmed up to 60 ℃ kelvin rating=60 ℃-20 ℃=40 ℃;
(4) kelvin rating is imported micro-chip 11, equipment runs well.
The technical indicator of housing 1 is:
Input voltage: 380V ± 15%;
Emulsified crude oil oil reservoir top temperature: ≯ 80 ℃;
Envrionment temperature :-10～40 ℃;
Ambient moisture: 20～85% (20 ℃);
The type of cooling: air-cooled;
Defencive function: short-circuit protection, overheating protection, overvoltage protection, open-phase protection.
Embodiment 2:
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3:
Employed equipment comprises housing 1 and microwave generator 3, microwave generator 3 comprises locating device 5, magnetron power source 16, magnetron 14 and guided wave medium 4, locating device 5 is arranged on the two ends of microwave generator 3, magnetron power source 16, magnetron 14 and guided wave medium 4 are connected successively, guided wave medium 4 is the material of being made up of non-polar molecule, as tetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polysulfones, plastics, mica, glass, pottery, air etc.
Be provided with housing power supply 8, air switch 9, vacuum contactor 10, micro-chip 11, fusible cut-out 12 and telepilot 13 in the housing 1, housing power supply 8, air switch 9, fusible cut-out 12, vacuum contactor 10 and micro-chip 11 join by supply cable 15 successively, telepilot 13 control single chip computers 11.
The vacuum contactor 10 of housing 1 joins by the magnetron power source 16 of supply cable 15 with microwave generator 3.
Utilize microwave that emulsified crude oil is carried out the method for breaking emulsion and dewatering, step is as follows:
(1) oil-water mixture separates free-water substantially through precipitation process, and the liquid storage district is the oily water separation state, oil reservoir 19 in the above, water layer 20 is below;
(2) in the emulsified crude oil flow in pipes 17 after will separating;
(3) microwave generator 3 is positioned on the pipeline 17 that emulsified crude oil flows through by locating device 5, guided wave medium 4 is immersed in the oil reservoir, guarantees that the micro-wave energy major part acts on oil reservoir.
(4) give microwave generator 3 power supplies, the microwave radiation that makes microwave generator 3 emissions is in emulsified crude oil.
The use step of housing 1 is as follows:
(1) determine the number of microwave generator 3 according to the breakdown of emulsion liquid measure, calculate according to following formula:
W·X＝ρ·|t1-t2|·V，
Wherein W represents the power of magnetron launched microwave, and the X representative needs the number of magnetron, and ρ represents the specific heat of emulsified crude oil, and t1 represents the emulsified crude oil temperature in, and t2 represents the emulsified crude oil temperature out, and V represents emulsified crude oil flow hourly;
(2) housing power supply 8 switches that close;
(3), determine the intensification kelvin rating according to the initial temperature of pipeline 17 internal emulsification crude oil; As: the initial temperature of pipeline 17 internal emulsification crude oil is 20 ℃, requires to be warmed up to 60 ℃ kelvin rating=60 ℃-20 ℃=40 ℃;
(4) kelvin rating is imported micro-chip 11, equipment runs well.
The technical indicator of housing 1 is:
Input voltage: 380V ± 15%;
Emulsified crude oil oil reservoir top temperature: ≯ 80 ℃;
Envrionment temperature :-10～40 ℃;
Ambient moisture: 20～85% (20 ℃);
The type of cooling: air-cooled;
Defencive function: short-circuit protection, overheating protection, overvoltage protection, open-phase protection.
Claims (6)
1, utilizes microwave that emulsified crude oil is carried out the method for breaking emulsion and dewatering, comprise the steps:
(A) microwave generator is positioned in the pipeline or dehydration facility of emulsified crude oil;
(B) to the microwave generator power supply, the microwave radiation that makes the microwave generator emission is in emulsified crude oil.
2, the microwave that utilizes according to claim 1 carries out the method for breaking emulsion and dewatering to emulsified crude oil, it is characterized in that microwave generator is positioned on the duct wall that emulsified crude oil flows through.
3, the microwave that utilizes according to claim 1 carries out the method for breaking emulsion and dewatering to emulsified crude oil, it is characterized in that the emulsified crude oil dehydration facility of flowing through, and microwave generator is positioned on the dehydration facility.
4, the employed device of method of enforcement claim 1 claim comprises housing and microwave generator, microwave generator comprises locating device, magnetron power source, magnetron and guided wave medium, locating device is arranged on the two ends of microwave generator, magnetron power source, magnetron and guided wave medium are connected successively, and housing joins by the magnetron power source of supply cable and microwave generator.
5, according to the described microwave that utilizes of claim 4 emulsified crude oil is carried out the device of breaking emulsion and dewatering, it is characterized in that the material of guided wave medium for forming by non-polar molecule.
6, according to the described device that utilizes microwave emulsified crude oil to be carried out breaking emulsion and dewatering of claim 4, it is characterized in that being provided with in the housing housing power supply, air switch, vacuum contactor, micro-chip, fusible cut-out and telepilot, housing power supply, air switch, fusible cut-out, vacuum contactor and micro-chip join by supply cable successively, the telepilot control single chip computer, the vacuum contactor of housing joins by the magnetron power source of supply cable and microwave generator.
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| CN102977913A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-03-20 | 河南勃达微波设备有限责任公司 | Microwave oil-water separation equipment |
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| CN105199777A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2015-12-30 | 西安石油大学 | High-frequency crude oil dehydrator |
| CN108423897A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-21 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | A kind of oiliness sewage treatment equipment and technique |
| CN109003787A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-14 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | A kind of transformer oil intelligent microwave vacuum processing method |
| CN108987058A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-11 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | A kind of insulating oil intelligent photovoltaic conversion microwave heating oil filter |
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