CN1644516A

CN1644516A - Seawater desalination and pipeline water supply

Info

Publication number: CN1644516A
Application number: CNA2004100116235A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任文林
Original assignee: 任文林
Current assignee: Wuhan Runlin Science & Technology Development Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2003-12-27
Filing date: 2004-12-25
Publication date: 2005-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 2024-12-25
Also published as: CN100586867C

Abstract

The invention belongs to seawater desalination, pipeline water supply and a device thereof, a known technic has large energy consumption, high cost and low efficiency, the invention uses natural seawater as a freshwater resource, or uses a natural low temperature to crystallize and desalinate the seawater. The water supply pipeline supplies water in a long distance by using communication pipes and siphons, adopts thin wall deformable pipes, reduces pipeline cost.

Description

Sea water desaltination and pipeline regulating water

One, technical field: the invention belongs to sea water desaltination and pipeline regulating water and device thereof.

Two, technical background: our this earth seawater is many and fresh water is few, and many all over the world places lack fresh water, and be the international Year of Freshwater this year, contriver openly the present invention for this reason, and being intended to provides more better more inexpensive fresh water for the mankind.Known method for desalting seawater and device more complicated, power consumption is high, and the cost height does not make full use of natural low temperature, and tellurian cold energy is wasted in a large number.The need that have consume earth resources, not enough environmental protection.Known water transfer method and device: the one, the open channel land occupation, the 2nd, the open channel infiltration is wasted water, and the 3rd, open channel is easy care not, and the 4th, easy polluted water, the 5th, cost height.The divert water from the south to the north project of China promptly has this drawback.

Three, summary of the invention: the purpose of this invention is to provide more advanced, more environmental protection, method for desalting seawater, water transfer method and device thereof that cost is lower.This paper also will further specify technical background, goal of the invention and effect in conjunction with associated viscera.

1, a kind of method for desalting seawater is characterized in that the ice at sea is collected in the reservoir, to be iced then dissolves into fresh water naturally or manually dissolves into fresh water; Described sea comprises the saltwater lake; Described ice refers to the ice tied on the sea when day cold; Described collection refers to salvage; Described reservoir comprises land reservoir, groundwater reservoir, marine reservoir; Described groundwater reservoir refers to hold under the land space of water; Described marine reservoir also comprises with plastics, metal, the made marine water reservoir of cement, as be trapped among marine reservoir with plastic film except known technology; Described dissolving naturally refers to weather temperature dissolving after raising; Described manually dissolving refers to artificial dissolving of heating up and thaw;

Or a kind of method for desalting seawater is characterized in that seawater is risen to land, utilizes the low temperature of natural weather, makes its desalination of freezing; Described lifting comprises in 1 year lifting any time, comprise with communicating pipe or pipeline or channel draw seawater to the shoreline in addition land zone; Described seawater comprises deep sea water; Described land area or the land area that is lower than sea level in addition, shoreline that is higher than sea level that comprise;

Or a kind of method for desalting seawater is characterized in that seawater is risen in the air, utilizes aerial low temperature, makes its crystallization desalination; Described aerial, refer to the space that ground is above; Described low temperature refers to make seawater crystalline temperature; Described crystallization refers to become lenticular after seawater is endured cold, as snow, ice;

Or a kind of method for desalting seawater is characterized in that seawater is risen in the air, makes its atomizing, scatters, and fully absorbs aerial low temperature post crystallization desalination; Described atomizing comprises is processed into droplet with seawater;

Or a kind of method for desalting seawater is characterized in that utilizing earlier natural low temperature, seawater temperature is reduced, and then utilize the artificial hypothermia, makes seawater temperature continue to reduce, until crystallization; Described natural low temperature comprises the low temperature in aerial low temperature, winter; Described artificial hypothermia comprises the low temperature of refrigerator;

Or a kind of method for desalting seawater is characterized in that with cold conductor or adopts device for cooling the cold energy in the nature is collected in sea water desalinating plant or the seawater pond, makes seawater crystallization desalination; Described cold conductor refers to transmit the conductor or the material of temperature; Describedly adopt the device that device for cooling refers to gather aerial cold energy; The described nature that refers to naturally comprises aerial, his ground, and he refers to other place in ground; Described cold energy refers to make the energy of temperature step-down; Described sea water desalinating plant comprises natural cooling crystallization device of the present invention and known sea water desalinating plant; The place that described seawater pond refers to store seawater;

Or a kind of method for desalting seawater is characterized in that with pipeline deep sea water being elevated, then with its desalination; Described deep-sea refers to below the sea, more than the seabed, comprises below the myriametre; Described lifting comprises and utilizes barometric point, water pressure that deep sea water is pressed the sea along pipeline;

Or a kind of method for desalting seawater is characterized in that the seawater heating, produces steam, and steam is fed cooling tube or condenser, and cooling tube or condenser are positioned at marine cold water area, or are positioned at aerial cold air district, utilize natural temperature to be cooled to liquid; Or, it is characterized in that with water ground be starting point, adopt the ice desalination nearby; Nearby described, comprise in 1000 kilometers;

Or a kind of method for desalting seawater is characterized in that the floating ice at sea is focused on marine reservoir, drains the seawater in the marine reservoir, only stays and ices at sea in the reservoir, and treating that it is dissolved becomes fresh water.

2, a kind of sea water desalinating plant is characterized in that having seawater pipeline and lift technique to join, and utilizes natural temperature to make the waterworks of seawater crystallization desalination or/and the pond in addition; Described seawater pipeline refers to carry the pipeline of seawater, and described lift technique comprises water pump; Described waterworks comprises pipeline and water pump, or seawater is processed into the device of droplet; Described pond refers to seawater pond or fresh-water pool;

Or, it is characterized in that seawater is mentioned in the air, fall after making its crystallization, the accumulated snow pond is being arranged with falling, drainage system is arranged at bottom, accumulated snow pond, with unnecessary seawater carrying-off, makes it with crystalline ice or snow separate; Described accumulated snow pond can be replaced by the pond, can make the recess shape by earth, cement concrete, metal, plastics; At the bottom of described drainage system comprises the pond that is the inclined-plane, drainage canal or pipeline, water pump;

Or a kind of sea water desalinating plant comprises cooling tube or condenser, it is characterized in that cooling tube or condenser are placed marine cold water area or aerial cold air district, utilizes the natural temperature cooling.

3, a kind of marine reservoir is characterized in that making container with metal, plastics, cement concrete etc., floats on the seawater or among the seawater or sink to the bottom of the sea; Described plastics comprise plastic film; The water-tight vessel of leg around described container includes; Described plastic film can have interior outer jacket more than 1 millimeter;

Or a kind of marine reservoir is characterized in that on the seashore limit, and a part of area of seashore is fenced up, and cuts off with the sea, forms reservoir; Described enclosing comprises the fill dam; Described dykes and dams can have manually operated seawater to import and export, and can be that rubber dam, cement dam, earth rockfill dam, plastics dam, metal dam constitute alone or in combination.

4, a kind of water transfer method is characterized in that using law of connected vessels, utilizes the nature geopotential unit, delivers to the low distant place of potential with the water of the pipeline natural water source that the nature potential is high; Described natural water source refers to the natural water location of gathering of unartificial manufacturing; As river, reservoir, lake; At the water inlet of described pipeline, the high natural water source of potential is arranged; At the water outlet of described pipeline, its natural geopotential unit is lower than or equals geopotential unit in described water source; Described water inlet, an end of vial road water inlet; Described potential refers to sea level elevation; Described water source refers to the source of water comprise reservoir, river, lake; Described water outlet, the terminal in vial road, water is from flowing out pipeline here; Described natural potential refers to the sea level elevation in geographical position; Describedly equal, sea level elevation equal with it and equate in referring to; Described water transfer refers to fluming water, comprises the south water to north; Span water source, described distant place slant range is more than 60 kilometers;

Or a kind of water transfer method is characterized in that the pipeline along the coastline is laid, and utilizes law of connected vessels, and water is carried at a distance; Described shoreline comprise on the seashore sea level elevation at 13 meters with interior zone; Described shoreline comprises near waters and the land the shoreline; In referring to 50 kilometers near described; Described remote span water source slant range is more than 100 kilometers or 500 kilometers or 1000 kilometers;

Or a kind of water transfer method, it is characterized in that the water source being communicated with the island with the pipeline communicating vessels, fresh water is served the island; Pipeline can be laid at the coastal end, forms the inverted-siphon pipeline;

Or a kind of water transfer method is characterized in that being communicated with pipeline between the low user of the high natural water source of potential and potential; Described user comprises the water terminal, i.e. water outlet, and water outlet comprises reservoir, water reservoir and multistage pump station; Described water transfer refers to the non-tap water system, and slant range is in the remote water delivery more than 30 kilometers;

Or a kind of water transfer method, it is characterized in that using pipeline regulating water; Described water transfer refers to the long-range water that send; Described long-range finger slant range is more than 10 kilometers; Described water transfer refers to the water that send of non-tap water waterworks; Described water transfer refers to that the water that potential is high delivers to the low place of potential; Described potential refers to the nature potential, promptly unartificial sea level elevation; The water that described potential is high comprises reservoir, river, lake;

Or a kind of long-range water transfer method is characterized in that sending water with pipeline; Described long-range finger slant range is more than 100 kilometers or 500 kilometers, and described water transfer refers to that the abundance of water district beyond tap water, the oil field water supply send water to the water deficient regions; The described water that send comprises artificial water lift, setting-out; Or described pipeline vial road internal diameter or interior height are at 1.5 meters or 2 meters or 2.5 meters or 3 meters ... above pipeline; Described internal diameter vial road inside diameter, interior height refers to non-round pipe internal height;

Or a kind of water transfer method is characterized in that with siphon pipe or communicating pipe the water at water source being guided to the point of destination; Described water source comprises river, reservoir, lake; Described point of destination comprises pump station, pond, reservoir; Described pipeline comprises flexible pipe; Described siphon pipe, communicating pipe refer to utilize the pipeline of siphon principle, law of connected vessels.

5, a kind of water transportation device is characterized in that having pipeline to be communicated with between the low user of the high natural water source of potential and potential; Described pipeline comprises valve; Described user comprises and send water terminal, i.e. water outlet;

Or a kind of water transportation device is characterized in that between natural water source and point of destination, has pipeline to be communicated with; Described pipeline comprises siphon pipe, communicating pipe, flexible pipe.

6, a kind of method for tap water supply is characterized in that being communicated with pipeline between natural potential high natural water source and user; Described tap water refers to town dweller's drink, water; At the high place, water source of potential, water treatment device can be arranged, make water reach standard for drinking; Also can water treatment device be arranged at cities and towns water place, have pipeline to be communicated with between this water treatment device and the water source, its sea level elevation is lower than the sea level elevation at water source; Or a kind of tap water supply device is characterized in that between natural potential high natural water source and user, has pipeline to be communicated with.

7, a kind of purposes of pipeline is characterized in that sending water as the high natural water source of nature potential between the low user of potential; Described natural water source comprises reservoir, river, lake;

Or the purposes of a kind of siphon pipe, communicating pipe is characterized in that sending water as the high natural water source of nature potential between the low user of potential; Described natural water source comprises reservoir, river, lake.

8, a kind of deformable sheet-metal duct is characterized in that making with the thin material below 1 millimeter, and described thin material package is drawn together plastic film, oilcloth, oilpaper, metal sheet, synthetic film; Described sheet-metal duct has the shell less than its section area, but described shell comprises hard pipeline, the semicircle pipeline of the indeformable pipeline folding of heavy wall, soil pipeline, and described soil pipeline refers to soil to be the pipeline of tube wall; Describedly refer to the section area of the section area of sheet-metal duct greater than shell less than its section area, the suffered internal pressure of sheet-metal duct is passed on the shell, and sheet-metal duct does not bear or bear radial pressure from pipe interior less, and radial pressure is the transverse pressure of pipeline; Between described sheet-metal duct and the shell bed course can be arranged; Or described sheet-metal duct also can be that wall thickness is at the pipeline more than 1 millimeter;

Or described pipeline vial road internal diameter or interior height are at 1.5 meters or 2 meters or 2.5 meters or 3 meters ... above pipeline; Described internal diameter vial road inside diameter, interior height refers to non-round pipe internal height;

Or a kind of deformable sheet-metal duct is characterized in that having the expansion joint, or has elasticity, and described expansion joint comprises that tube wall overlaps the elasticity that the jerk-finger pipe wall material of tube wall self is had; Described deformable refers to that the section area of sheet-metal duct, shape can change, and the section area of its shell also can change.

Or, a kind of pipeline, it is characterized in that being harmonious by two semicircle pipes constitutes; Or constitute by two portions up and down; Can there be coating or coating in its inside; Coating or coating are made of alone or in combination sand-cement slurry, pitch, metal, plastics, rubber, earth, lime etc.; Metal comprises metal sheet; Plastics comprise plastic film; Earth comprises trinity mixture fill; Or described pipeline comprises pipe on pipe, square tube, the below;

Or a kind of pipeline is characterized in that being made up of multilayer, and described multilayer comprises watertight layer or pervious bed, comprises unlike material pipe layer; Comprise thick-layer, thin layer;

Or, a kind of pipeline, tube wall is divided into two or polylith around it is characterized in that; But described two or polylith relative displacement or reset;

Or a kind of pipeline is characterized in that tube wall is flexible, can change section area with the size of pipe internal pressure, and described tube wall by materials such as metal plastic, rubber, cement concrete, earth, lime separately or constitute;

Or a kind of pipeline is characterized in that having at least a part of pipe fitting to excavate on the spot or/and process;

Or a kind of pipeline is characterized in that in use, produces eye or slit on the tube wall, and water spills from eye or slit; Or a kind of pipeline is characterized in that having the thin-walled liner, and described liner is made film like, tubulose, band shape by metal, plastics, rubber etc.;

Or a kind of working method of pipeline is characterized in that excavating on the spot the open drain, then with earth or/and stone or/and tackiness agent assembles shaping; Described tackiness agent comprise the earth tackiness agent or/and cement or/and lime; Described stone can be a cement products; Or, process lower pipeline on the spot earlier, cover prefabricated component then, form pipeline.

9, a kind of pump station method for fetching water is characterized in that the water at water source is drained in the pond of pump station naturally with pipeline, and then water lift; Described pump station comprises the pump station of waterworks, the pump station of water diversion project, the water source water intaking is pointed in described water intaking, described water source comprises river, reservoir, lake, described pipeline comprises siphon pipe, communicating pipe, flexible pipe, and the potential difference of water causes mobile in the described natural drainage vial road; Described pond can be the water-in of channel, well or water pump; Or a kind of pump station water fetching device is characterized in that between the pond of water source and pump station siphon pipe or communicating pipe being arranged.Described siphon pipe, communicating pipe comprise flexible pipe.

10, a kind of pipeline is characterized in that having at least a forward pipeline laying of wirerope, strengthens the resistance to tension of pipeline; Described pipeline comprises plastics tubing, metal tube, cement pipe; Described wirerope also can be reinforcing bar, steel pipe or rope; The described bearing of trend that forward refers to along pipeline; Described laying comprises and pipe connection; Described connection comprises with rope and bundling; Described wirerope can be positioned at pipeline.

The present invention is than known technology, the one, make full use of natural cold-energy, power consumption less, cost is low, do not destroy environment.The 2nd, deep sea water water quality is good.The 3rd, pipeline regulating water do not take up an area of face soil, easy care, cost low, save water resources, water pollution is few.The present invention is general in full to the explanation of word, notion.

Four, further specify the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples

Fig. 1 is marine reservoir synoptic diagram; Fig. 2 is marine cooling tube;

Fig. 3 is a water transfer pipeline synoptic diagram; Fig. 4 is the intake pipe synoptic diagram;

Fig. 5 is the communicating pipe synoptic diagram; Fig. 6 is the sheet-metal duct sectional view;

Fig. 7 is steel cable and pipe connection synoptic diagram.

Fig. 1, the marine reservoir 2 that has plastics film 3 to surround in the sea 1 is used for splendid attire fresh water, floats on the surface.The thickness of plastic film 3 can be more than 1 millimeter, but the inside and outside matcoveredn.

Fig. 2 has cooling tube 4 in the sea 1, heat steam enters cooling tube 4, and the cold exchange energy with in the seawater is cooled to fresh water.But big marine cooling tube changing position is shifted to cold water area.

Fig. 3, the estuario in river 7 has shoreline 6, away from there being pipeline 8 along the coastlines to lay between the city 5 in river and the river 7, the fresh water in river 7 is delivered to city 5.Because law of connected vessels, siphon principle, city 5 will obtain the water with river 7 same sea level elevations from pipeline 8.Perhaps conversely, 5 gather sea ice in the city, dissolve Cheng Shuihou and deliver to the place that needs fresh water with pipeline 8 along the coastlines 6.Or, set up large-scale piping manifold, as power network, the abundance of water district supplies water to piping manifold, and fetch water from piping manifold in the water deficient regions, and piping manifold has measuring apparatus, is taken, charges according to the amount that supplies water, fetches water.Such as between Shanghai-Tianjin, just setting up such shoreline piping manifold, the two places and the surplus and deficiency of helping mutually on the way.

Fig. 4 has pipeline 9 between pond 11 and the river 7, and pipeline 9 can utilize law of connected vessels, siphon principle, and the water in river 7 is attracted to 11 li in pond, draws for water lift pipe 10.Water pipe 9 also can be imbedded underground, submerges under water, under the mud.As long as the water surface in pond is lower than the river, will there be endlessly water effluent stream in the pipeline flow in the pond.As long as the highest point of pipeline 9 be no more than the vacuum barometric point the limit---about 13 meters, the water in the water pipe just can flow through.Fetch water with open channel in the river in many waterworkss, open channel easily deposits, the maintenance cost height, can solve with siphon pipe.Promptly there is this class example in Wuhan water factory.Also has Shanghai, though near the Changjiang river, lack of water.Cause land subsidence owing to extract underground well water.As adopt the present invention, Yangtze River Water is introduced Shanghai with pipeline, just infinite water source is arranged.As long as the water outlet in Shanghai is lower than or equals sea level elevation in the Changjiang river.The water that pipeline attracts can have multiple use, and for drinking, the industrial or agricultural water improves fluvial-environment etc. such as the reprocessing back.

Fig. 5, the water at water source 12 flows to duct end 19 from pipeline 13, the elevation of water surface at duct end 19 places and water source 12 sustained heights, dotted line is represented sustained height.The length of described pipeline can be more than 100 kilometers.To between the Shanghai, use the cross current that reaches the hundreds of kilometer such as Three Gorges Reservoir, can obtain water in Shanghai with the same sea level elevation of Three Gorges Reservoir.At least,, can there are flowing out in the place that is lower than the Three Gorges Reservoir horizontal plane, can be pipeline on the way these places from water distribution manifold.Also stream is " herringbone " to pipeline along the river, " non-" font is laid.Promptly be from upstream to the downstream, reach the section of diversion condition in all sea level elevations; Continuously from the two sides, river to the water deficient regions diversion, but like this greater amount utilize the natural potential of natural water source or water.Also the conduit pipe in different rivers, waters can be communicated with, constitute by " large pipeline net " surplus and deficiency of helping mutually.Described pipeline can have intermittently, and interrupted vial road is ended, and allows current come out, and with pipeline the water that flows out is continued to see off again then.Can repeatedly utilize barometric point like this,, be convenient to water lift vacuum height on the hydraulic pressure.

Fig. 6, the cross section of sheet-metal duct 15 shows eclipsed expansion joint 16, also has shell 14, the radial pressure in arrow is represented to manage.When pressure was excessive, sheet-metal duct can open the expansion joint, and pressure is passed to shell, and shell is also scalable, with outside weight, as backfill soil extruding, offset pressure.Or self has elasticity sheet-metal duct, can when pressure increases pressure be passed to shell, and self can not crushed.This pipeline allows to leak, as long as amount is little.

Fig. 7, pipeline 18 has wirerope 17, and when pipeline was subjected to longitudinal pulling force, wirerope will overcome this pulling force.Pipeline self also can have certain retractility, can change with steel cable.Be arranged in the river such as pipeline, be subjected to the transverse impact of current, produce the longitudinal pulling force to pipeline, at this moment, steel cable just can overcome this pulling force, and pipeline is fixed.Steel cable is reinforcing bar, steel pipe, nylon rope also.Described wirerope can be positioned at pipeline.