CN1642145A - IP transmitting method for supporting service quality expanding of crossover service zone - Google Patents
IP transmitting method for supporting service quality expanding of crossover service zone Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention is an IP transmitting method supporting the differentiation of service quality extension of service band, and its characteristic: it adopts a method of inserting restriction code expressed by altogether 8 binaries and restriction type in IP packet head to make IP head extension at router end of network entrance, marks the service type of the packet head to the TOS domain of the packet head according to manager-arranged packet IP type rule list, and uses absolute priority controlling policy in output queue of a node; it modifies the condition value of each restriction in the middle router in transmission path and composes an IP packet head with modified service quality mark to make one-down jump transmission of this IP packet head; it deletes extended field of the service quality from the router of the network entrance and composes an ordinary IP packet head and sends this ordinary IP packet head to receiving end. It has the advantages of supporting both service differentiation and service quality routing, easy to implement without modifying terminal software.
Description
Technical field
Support the IP retransmission method of Differentiated Services band service quality expansion to belong to internet ip retransmission technique field.
Background technology
IP retransmission method among the present invention is Differentiated Services and service quality route are supported in a kind of use in internet router an IP retransmission method, can guarantee for the user provides stronger service quality.
Existing the Internet only supports the IP that does one's best to transmit service, and for some special applications, needs the restriction of some transmission parameters, as Loss Rate, bandwidth, end-to-end delay and delay jitter etc.In order to realize supporting service quality QoS, Internet engineering duty group has defined the Differentiated Services framework, by the network boundary node according to user's stream regulation and resource obligate information will enter network every traffic classification, shaping, be polymerized to different stream aggregations, realize controlling based on the network transmission service quality of priority.
Because Differentiated Services only can be controlled different business stream by priority, and can not the concrete qos parameter of Business Stream grouping be controlled, the mechanism that researchers carry out route based on data flow quality of service request and network available resources has proposed the service quality route.It is a kind of dynamic routing protocol, can comprise QoS parameters such as available bandwidth, link and end-to-end path utilance, resources consumption amount, delay, jumping figure and shake in its path selection criterion.The present invention combines Differentiated Services and service quality route, award service PS is provided, guarantee to serve AS and the BE service of doing one's best in can also support the service quality route that the user is proposed QoS requirement satisfying of obtaining going up largely.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly supporting that having the service quality expansion under the condition of Differentiated Services concurrently is the IP retransmission method of qos constraint sign.
Support the IP retransmission method of Differentiated Services band service quality expansion, it is characterized in that: it is a kind of IP packet-forwarding method of supporting Differentiated Services and service quality expansion, both in the Web portal router, the IP of packet head was expanded, the TOS territory of IP of packet classifying rules in packets headers that is provided with according to the keeper indicates the service type that this grouping should be enjoyed, simultaneously the IP of packet head is expanded 8 bytes in order to support the service quality route, described IP retransmission method contains following steps successively:
(1) ingress router is expanded common packet according to the table of classification rules that the keeper is provided with, promptly by the sequential search table of classification rules, and the COS that is provided with in the IP of packet head according to lookup result is the TOS territory and fills the qos constraint field that this steps in sequence is carried out in the following order:
(1.1) if showing this grouping, classification results belongs to award service PS, with the 6th set in the COS TOS territory;
(1.2) if classification results show that this grouping belongs to and guarantee to serve AS, with the 5th set in the COS TOS territory;
(1.3) if showing this grouping, classification results belongs to the BE that does one's best, with the 5th, 6 reset in the COS TOS territory;
(1.4) insert 8 service quality extended fields that amount to 8 bytes to the IP packets headers, each service quality extended field is 1 byte length, forms IP header structure shown in Figure 3, and concrete method contains following steps successively:
(1.4.1) coding Code is defined as 184 as the encoding flag of expansion service qualitative restrain with it, for binary system just 10111000;
(1.4.2) length L ength represents the length of expansion service qualitative restrain, is made as 8 in actual the use;
(1.4.3) mapping QoSMap represents the qos constraint that need be concerned about when router is transmitted grouping to be set at 00001111 under the default situation, shows that router need consider four qos constraints simultaneously when transmitting grouping;
(1.4.4) keeping Reserve is 1 byte being reserved in order to further expand later on;
(1.4.5) bandwidth B andwidth constraint representation user is to the available bandwidth requirement, and unit is KB, and span [1,1e6/8] is got log
1.05 Bandwidth
(1.4.6) postpone Delay constraint representation user to postponing requirement, unit is ms, and span [0,100 * 10e3] is got log
1.05 Delay
(1.4.7) Loss Rate LossRate constraint representation user is to the Loss Rate requirement, and span [0,100%] is got the numerical value of percentage;
(1.4.8) cost Cost constraint representation user is to the cost requirement, and span [0,100 * 10e3] is got log
1.05 Cost
(1.4.9) three numerical value have been kept for bandwidth B andwidth constraint, Loss Rate LossRate constraint, delay Delay constraint and cost Cost bind field, wherein 255 for not considering this constraint, and 254 be illustrated in and need optimum result when determining forward-path, and 253 these constraintss of expression do not satisfy;
(1.4.10) recomputate entire I P packets headers verification and;
(2) scheduling strategy of use absolute priority in the output queue of node, concrete method contains following steps successively:
(2.1) all award service PS groupings enter high-priority queue;
(2.2) allly guarantee to serve the AS grouping and formation that the BE grouping of doing one's best enters low priority, after output queue length surpassed keeper's preset threshold, the BE that does one's best grouping will be dropped with 50% probability;
Take the absolute priority dispatching algorithm during (2.3) two queue schedulings, promptly not unprecedented in the formation of high priority, can not transmit the grouping in the Low Priority Queuing;
(2.4) the fifo fifo strategy is adopted in grouping in the same formation;
(3) receive the results modification qos constraint of the router of IP expanded packet according to local measurement, this steps in sequence is carried out in the following order:
(3.1) revise bandwidth Bandwidth constraint, the available bandwidth that obtains when local measurement will be in the field sign 253 of bandwidth constraint, the bandwidth that expression can not satisfy the demands during less than the bandwidth of the intrafascicular approximately requirement of bandwidth B andwidth;
(3.2) revise Loss Rate LossRate constraint, because Loss Rate is the relation that multiplies each other on forward-path, being located at has N to jump on the forward-path, establishes so that packet loss rate is L on the path that each router inlet is connected on the forward-path
i(0＜i≤N), easily know 0≤L
i≤ 1, the Loss Rate of entire path then
When if packet arrives n router, carry Loss Rate LossRate in the packet expansion IP head and be constrained to QoS (L)
n, be illustrated in from router n and be constrained to QoS (L) to the path Loss Rate the router N
n, 1-QoS (L) as can be known
n=(1-QoS (L)
N+1) (1-L
n),
Revise Loss Rate LossRate constraint according to this formula result of calculation;
(3.3) revise delay Delay constraint, because postponing the Delay constraint is the constraints of additive property, so only need in every hop router, to deduct the link delay that local measurement obtains, just can finish and make amendment postponing the Delay constraint, if amended delay Delay constraint is less than 0, represent that this link can not satisfy the end-to-end delay constraint, will be at deferred constraint field sign 253.
(3.4) revise cost Cost constraint, because the cost constraint is the constraints of additive property, so only need in every hop router, to deduct the inbound link cost that the keeper is provided with, just can make amendment to cost Cost constraint, if amended cost qos constraint was less than 0 o'clock, represent that this link can not satisfy end-to-end cost constraint, will be at cost bind field sign 253.
(3.5) recomputate the IP packets headers verification and;
(4) the network egress router forms IP header structure shown in Figure 4 according to keeper's the service quality extended field of deleting in the IP expanded packet that is provided with, and transmits to receiving terminal.
Experimental results show that: and existing method is relatively, the inventive method provides controlled service quality for the user, and the user can select suitable COS and qos constraint condition as required, and obtains more excellent IP forwarding support.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. the method for the invention realizes schematic diagram.
Fig. 2. table of classification rules structure chart in the method for the invention.
Fig. 3. the IP header structure of band qos constraint in the method for the invention
Fig. 4. the IP header structure of deletion qos constraint in the method for the invention
Fig. 5. the topological structure of using during experimental simulation of the present invention.
Fig. 6. the discharge model that is adopted during the checking Differentiated Services
Fig. 7. the discharge model that is adopted during service for checking credentials quality route
Fig. 8. the program flow chart of the method for the invention
Embodiment
We support the IP retransmission method of Differentiated Services band service quality expansion to realize the support to service quality QoS by use in the IP header structure shown in Figure 3, as shown in Figure 1.Wherein server S erver operation realServer 8.01 provides streaming media service, and use 3 PC as client computer 1-client computer 3, files in stream media on the access server Server, and use RealPlayer 8.0 Plus to observe image transmission result, thereby more different COS and qos constraint condition are to the influence of transmission performance.Testing server Tester Server comes the situation of analog network link congestion for whole network provides background traffic.Employed equipment disposition is as follows in realization:
The PC configuration of server S erver and client Client:
■ CPUP42.2GHZ
■ mainboard intelD845
■ internal memory 256DDR
■ video card Geforce2MX400
The prompt 80G in ■ hard disk west
■ network interface card realtek 8139
Produce when preventing each client Client to same file access and influence each other, we copy as 3 with video file, and each client Client visits one of them.The video file 361M that test is used, reproduction time is 33 minutes and 31 seconds, the required bandwidth of video file is 1.5Mbps.
Router all is to constitute with PC, operation VxWorks system:
R1：CPU：P3?450MHz
Internal memory: 256M
4 of network interface cards: realtek 8139,100M
R2：CPU：P4?1.8GHz
Internal memory: 256M
4 of network interface cards: realtek 8139,100M
P3：CPU：P3?933MHz
Internal memory: 64M
2 of network interface cards: realtek 8139,100M
Testing server:
CPU：P42.2G
Internal memory: 256M
4 of network interface cards: realtek 8139,100M
We have injected the background stream of 24Mb so that produce higher load on the relevant link in by network when experiment.
The method of the invention specifically is made of successively following steps:
(1) the Web portal router is expanded common packet according to the table of classification rules as shown in Figure 2 that the keeper is provided with, promptly by the sequential search table of classification rules, and the COS TOS territory in the IP of packet head is set and fills the qos constraint field according to lookup result, this steps in sequence is carried out in the following order:
(1.1) if showing this grouping, classification results belongs to award service PS, with the 6th set in the COS TOS territory;
(1.2) if classification results show that this grouping belongs to and guarantee to serve AS, with the 5th set in the COS TOS territory;
(1.3) if showing this grouping, classification results belongs to the BE that does one's best, with the 5th, 6 reset in the COS TOS territory;
(1.4) insert 8 bytes to the IP packets headers, concrete method contains following steps successively:
(1.4.1) coding Code is defined as 184 as the encoding flag of expansion service qualitative restrain with it, for binary system just 10111000;
(1.4.2) length L ength represents the length of expansion service qualitative restrain, is made as 8 in actual the use;
(1.4.3) mapping QoSMap represents the qos constraint that need be concerned about when router is transmitted grouping to be set at 00001111 under the default situation, shows that router need consider four qos constraints simultaneously when transmitting grouping;
(1.4.4) keeping Reserve is 1 byte being reserved in order to further expand later on;
(1.4.5) bandwidth B andwidth constraint representation user is to the available bandwidth requirement, and unit is KB, and span [1,1e6/8] is got log
1.05 Bandwidth
(1.4.6) postpone Delay constraint representation user to postponing requirement, unit is ms, and span [0,100 * 10e3] is got log
1.05 Delay
(1.4.7) Loss Rate LossRate constraint representation user is to the Loss Rate requirement, and span [0,100%] is got the numerical value of percentage;
(1.4.8) cost Cost constraint representation is to the user effort requirement, and span [0,100 * 10e3] is got log
1.05 Cost
(1.4.9) three numerical value have been kept for bandwidth B andwidth constraint, Loss Rate LossRate constraint, delay Delay constraint and cost Cost bind field, wherein 255 for not considering this constraint, and 254 be illustrated in and need optimum result when determining forward-path, 253 these constraintss of expression do not satisfy, and the IP head of band service quality expansion as shown in Figure 4;
(1.4.10) recomputate entire I P packets headers verification and;
TOS territory: 12345678
| ?A-bit | ?P-bit |
(2) scheduling strategy of use absolute priority in the output queue of node, concrete method contains following steps successively:
(2.1) all award service PS groupings enter high-priority queue;
(2.2) allly guarantee to serve the AS grouping and formation that the BE grouping of doing one's best enters low priority, after output queue length surpassed keeper's preset threshold, the BE that does one's best grouping will be dropped with 50% probability;
Take the absolute priority dispatching algorithm during (2.3) two queue schedulings, promptly not unprecedented in the formation of high priority, can not transmit the grouping in the Low Priority Queuing;
(2.4) the fifo fifo strategy is adopted in grouping in the same formation;
(3) receive the results modification qos constraint of the router of IP expanded packet according to local measurement, this steps in sequence is carried out in the following order:
(3.1) revise bandwidth Bandwidth constraint, the available bandwidth that obtains when local measurement will be in the field sign 253 of bandwidth constraint, the bandwidth that expression can not satisfy the demands during less than the bandwidth of the intrafascicular approximately requirement of bandwidth B andwidth;
(3.2) revise Loss Rate LossRate constraint, establish packet when arriving n router, carry Loss Rate LossRate in the packet expansion IP head and be constrained to QoS (L)
n, be illustrated in from router n and be constrained to QoS (L) to the path Loss Rate the router N
n, 1-QoS (L) as can be known
n=(1-QoS (L)
N+1) (1-L
n),
Revise Loss Rate LossRate constraint according to this formula result of calculation;
(3.3) revise delay Delay constraint, because postponing the Delay constraint is the constraints of additive property, so only need in every hop router, to deduct the link delay that local measurement obtains, just can finish and make amendment postponing the Delay constraint, if amended delay Delay constraint is less than 0, represent that this link can not satisfy the end-to-end delay constraint, will be at deferred constraint field sign 253.
(3.4) revise cost Cost constraint, because the cost constraint is the constraints of additive property, so only need in every hop router, to deduct the link cost between the neighboring router that has set, just can make amendment to cost Cost constraint, if amended cost qos constraint was less than 0 o'clock, represent that this link can not satisfy end-to-end cost constraint, will be at cost bind field sign 253;
(3.5) recomputate the IP packets headers verification and;
(4) egress router is about to the IP expanded packet and is converted to general data packets according to keeper's the service quality extended field of deleting in the IP expanded packet that is provided with, and transmits to receiving terminal, and the general data packets head as shown in Figure 4;
The IP retransmission method of support Differentiated Services band service quality expansion is not very high to the requirement of hardware, can be applied in the design of various routers.This IP retransmission method has following advantage:
Support Differentiated Services, the service of different quality is provided for the user of different needs;
Support the service quality route, the user can propose special requirement at available bandwidth, delay, Loss Rate and cost, and Virtual network operator can provide value added service;
The IP retransmission method of supporting the expansion of Differentiated Services band service quality is by inserting service quality extended field and sign COS TOS territory to the IP packets headers, provide the value-added service of Differentiated Services and service quality route to the user, thereby satisfied user's demand preferably.This service quality expansion to the IP packets headers is a key point of the present invention.
The model that adopts during experiment as shown in Figure 5.
Test 1. as shown in Figure 6, we are according to the initiation parameter in the following principle configuration router.
The table of classification rules configuration
(1) be that the UDP grouping and setting of Client1 is a PS stream with purpose;
(2) be that the UDP grouping and setting of Client2 and Client3 is a BE stream with purpose;
(3) purpose is that the background stream packets of Tester is set to BE stream in scene I;
For PS stream, we are provided with bandwidth reserved is 2.4Mbps, and when the wsap algorithm abandons, the queue length threshold that we are provided with that probability of happening abandons is 4, that is to say, when the queue length of low priority surpasses 4, will use the wsap algorithm to carry out the probability dropping operation.Two formations of each output port correspondence all are that length is 40.
Routing configuration
(1) destination address is that the service quality routing policy of the UDP grouping of Client1, Client3 is configured to require minimum cost.Suppose the pointer of pOPt, then insert the theing contents are as follows of OPTION territory of IP of packet head for the qos constraint that point to insert the IP of packet head:
pOPt-＞code＝184；
pOPt-＞length＝8；
pOPt-＞qosMap＝0x0F；
pOPt-＞reserve＝0；
pOPt-＞bandWidth＝(UINT8)0xFF；
pOPt-＞lossRate＝(UINT8)0xFF；
pOPt-＞delay＝(UINT8)0xFF；
pOPt-＞cost＝(UINT8)0xFE；
(2) target is that the service quality routing policy of UDP grouping of Client2 is for requiring maximum available bandwidth.Theing contents are as follows of the OPTION territory of insertion IP of packet head:
pOPt-＞code＝184；
pOPt-＞length＝8；
pOPt-＞qosMap＝0x0F；
pOPt-＞reserve＝0；
pOPt-＞bandWidth＝(UINT8)0xFE；
pOPt-＞lossRate＝(UINT8)0xFF；
pOPt-＞delay＝(UINT8)0xFF；
pOPt-＞cost＝(UINT8)0xFF；
In experiment, we can find out significantly that the PS stream video effect on the Client1 is stable, and the Loss Rate of realone statistics is 0, Recover number of packet 0%; The last BE video flowing of Client2 effect is better, mosaic appears on the image once in a while, the Loss Rate of realone statistics is about 0.43%, Recover number of packet 1.45%, the video effect of the last BE of Client3 is relatively poor, often occur mosaic in the image, the Loss Rate of realone statistics is about 1.45%, Recover number of packet 4.34%.
The video effect of Client1 and Client2 is approximate, though also passed through the bigger link of load for Client1, because Client1 is reserved corresponding bandwidth, Client1 obtains good transmission quality; And the video flowing on the client2, although the priority that Differentiated Services is provided with is identical, but the service quality route has been selected different paths according to different parameters, Client2 has selected the lighter link of load, making Client2 have effect preferably, also is the effect that the service quality route has been described.Client3 has also equally passed through the heavier link of load with Client1, causes that bigger Loss Rate is arranged, thereby transmission quality descends obviously.
Experiment 2. when playing 15 minutes, stops BE background stream as shown in Figure 7 on tester, and utility command start flow2 generation AS background stream, and is injected in the tested network.Other is provided with the initialization setting in the router among the test environment I.On R2, use the OAM order simultaneously
rtm＞cost?2?10.0.8.2?10
This order is that the cost of AS stream on the link of 10.0.8.2 is made as 10 with destination address.
In this demo environment, we can find out significantly that the PS stream video effect on the Client1 is stable, and the Loss Rate of realone statistics is 0, Recover number of packet 0%; The last BE video flowing of Client2 effect is also stable, and the Loss Rate of realone statistics is about 0%, and Recover number of packet 0%, the video effect of the last BE of Client3 also become stable, and the Loss Rate of realone statistics is about 0%, Recover number of packet 0%.
It is stable that video on the Client1 still keeps, and the video effect on Client2 and the Client3 also becomes very stable.Mainly be because the change that is provided with, make background stream transmit by the R3 router, all video flows of Client1, Client2 and Client3 all will be transmitted to R1 by R2, but the overall load of this link is still lighter, cause these three video flowings all to have effect preferably.This shows that the service quality route can support multiple QoS parameter, according to the variation of offered load, adjusts forward-path automatically simultaneously, can obtain laser propagation effect preferably.
Claims (1)
1, support the IP retransmission method of Differentiated Services band service quality expansion, it is characterized in that described method contains following steps successively:
The 1st step: the ingress router of network is expanded common packet according to the classifying rules that the keeper is provided with, promptly this ingress router is determined the classification of above-mentioned packet by the sequential search table of classification rules, and the COS that is provided with in view of the above in the IP of packet head is the TOS territory and fills the qos constraint field that it contains following steps successively:
The 1.1st step: the following service type of setting data grouping and the position in each comfortable COS territory and corresponding sign: the award service is PS, the service guaranteed is AS, the service of doing one's best is BE, and is mid-with corresponding value of statistical indicant at the diverse location in COS territory according to the service type of this packet again;
The 1.2nd step: qos constraint field from 8 byte representations of following usefulness to the IP packets headers that insert:
Coding, i.e. Code: as the encoding flag of the constraint of expansion service quality;
Length, i.e. Length: the length of expression expansion service qualitative restrain is made as 8 in actual the use;
Mapping, i.e. QoSMap: the qos constraint that need be concerned about when the expression router is transmitted grouping, be set at 00001111 under the default situation, show that router considers four qos constraints simultaneously when transmitting grouping;
Keep, i.e. Reserve: it is the byte of being reserved when further expanding later on, and it is a byte;
Bandwidth, i.e. Bandwidth: the user is to the available bandwidth requirement in expression, and unit is KB; Span is [1,1e6/8], gets log
1.05 Bandwidth
Postpone, i.e. Delay: the delay requirement that the expression user proposes, unit is ms, span [0,100 * 10e3] is got log
1.05 Delay
Loss Rate, i.e. LossRate: the user is to the Loss Rate requirement in expression, span [0,100%];
Cost, i.e. Cost: the expression user is to the cost requirement, and span is [0,100 * 10e3], gets log
1.05 Cost
Field for bandwidth constraint, Loss Rate constraint, deferred constraint and cost constraint, divide following situation according to user's request respectively: do not consider this constraint, when determining forward-path, need optimal result, this constraints not to satisfy, kept three numerical value;
The 1.3rd the step: recomputate entire I P packets headers verification and;
The 2nd step: the scheduling strategy that in the output queue of node, uses following absolute priority:
All award service packet enter the formation of high priority;
All guarantee service packet, the grouping of doing one's best enters Low Priority Queuing; After output queue length surpassed keeper's preset threshold, the grouping of doing one's best will be dropped with 50% probability;
Take the dispatching method of absolute priority during two queue schedulings;
The first in first out strategy is adopted in grouping in the same formation;
The 3rd step: the router of receiving the IP expanded packet is revised qos constraint respectively in the following manner according to the result of local measurement:
Bandwidth constraint: when bandwidth that available bandwidth that local measurement obtains requires in less than bandwidth constraint, do not satisfy sign in the mid-constraints of bandwidth constraint field;
Loss Rate constraint: revise the Loss Rate constraint according to the result of calculation of following formula, promptly the Loss Rate constraint is modified to following value:
Wherein, QoS (L)
n: when packet arrives n router, the Loss Rate constraint of carrying in the packet expansion IP head, its expression retrains to path Loss Rate the router N from router n;
QoS (L)
N+1: when packet arrives n+1 router, the Loss Rate constraint of carrying in the packet expansion IP head;
L
i: 0≤L
i≤ 1, L
iBe the packet loss rate on each router inlet institute access path on the forward-path;
Deferred constraint: amended value is according to deducting the link delay value gained that local measurement obtains in every hop router; If, then being provided with constraints less than 0 in the deferred constraint field, the constraint that postpones do not satisfy sign;
Cost constraint: amended value according in every hop router, deduct be provided with and the neighboring router of process between link spend gained; If, promptly being provided with constraints less than 0 in the cost bind field, the cost constraint do not satisfy sign;
According to above amended each constraints value, recomputate expansion IP packets headers verification and;
The 4th step: the network egress router is transmitted to receiving terminal according to keeper's the service quality extended field of deleting in the IP expanded packet that is provided with.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101808031A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2010-08-18 | 北京邮电大学 | Trusted improvement method of router |
| CN101146050B (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2011-03-23 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Frame relaying packet transmission method and device |
| CN101409684B (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2011-09-14 | 清华大学 | Method for distributing internet high-performance address based on three-layer soft exchange |
| CN102299854A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2011-12-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | Opportunistic network environment-oriented multi-object routing decision making system |
| CN101651963B (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2012-05-23 | 南京工业大学 | Transmission control method based on differentiated service in IEEE 802.11 WLAN |
| CN103516456A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2014-01-15 | 西门子公司 | Method for operating network equipment, network device and network equipment |
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2005
- 2005-01-07 CN CNB2005100111109A patent/CN100553226C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101146050B (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2011-03-23 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Frame relaying packet transmission method and device |
| CN101409684B (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2011-09-14 | 清华大学 | Method for distributing internet high-performance address based on three-layer soft exchange |
| CN101651963B (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2012-05-23 | 南京工业大学 | Transmission control method based on differentiated service in IEEE 802.11 WLAN |
| CN101808031A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2010-08-18 | 北京邮电大学 | Trusted improvement method of router |
| CN102299854A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2011-12-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | Opportunistic network environment-oriented multi-object routing decision making system |
| CN102299854B (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2012-11-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Opportunistic network environment-oriented multi-object routing decision making system |
| CN103516456A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2014-01-15 | 西门子公司 | Method for operating network equipment, network device and network equipment |
| US10491317B2 (en) | 2012-06-15 | 2019-11-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating a network arrangement, network system and network arrangement |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN100553226C (en) | 2009-10-21 |
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