CN1641241A - High-safety disk-type brake and clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is a type of high-security brake and wet clutch. It is comprised of reinforcement structure, supercharge structure and self-compensation structure. Self-compensation includes mechanical and hydraulic self-compensation. Hydraulic supercharger can drive one or more brake and it has merits such as small volume and huge brake force. As a brake, its security is 1.5 times higher than existing ones. It not only can brake the car as the request without the help of drive force but also can do as the same by its hand brake. And it can also be applied for trucks. Life of the wet clutch is more than 20 times longer than existing dry ones and the clutch adopts mechanical self-compensation structure. All above does not exist in existing brakes and clutches, that is, this invention is the best.

Description

High safety disc brake and clutch

Affiliated field:

The present invention relates to the brake system and the clutch field of automobile, motorcycle and various machineries.

Background technique:

Existing automobile, disc brake for motorcycle, commonly used is big small piston reinforcement, and uses the power boosting hydraulic brake.It has the advantage of no heat fade, water fade.So on automobile, motorcycle, obtained extensive use.But it also exists, and braking force is little, cost is high, the very complicated shortcoming of Parking Brake is set, and it must the working power force aid system, and behind the motor accident extinguishing, car will not have braking force, special hazard.It can not do emergency brake on car, Security is not really high.Because its braking force is little, it can not be used for lorry, so drum brake that can only the safety in utilization difference on the lorry can not fundamentally be guaranteed the Security of lorry.

Automobile clutch now commonly used exists that steering force is big, carry-over moment is little.Owing to can not adopt the wet type structure, its life-span is not long.Though I (have obtained patent of invention, the patent No.: though ZL98808763.4) can overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned break and clutch at the mechanical disc-type brake and the clutch of invention.Wherein several major parts are complex-shaped, the shortcoming of processing difficulties but it also exists.And have highly higherly during as break, booster and brake assemblies can not divide and be arranged the shortcoming of bad layout when being used for wagon brake.Above-mentioned shortcoming is also on the books in various automobiles (chassis) design document.

The present invention is exactly a short shortcoming of life-span will solve the not really high shortcoming of Security that above-mentioned braking system exists and make clutch the time, and the shortcoming of processing difficulties and bad layout, and break of new generation and the clutch invented out.

Technological scheme of the present invention is:

High safety disc brake adopts machinery to compensate automatically or the automatic compensation of hydraulic pressure compensates; It also can adopt machinery to compensate automatically simultaneously or hydraulic pressure compensates automatically.High safety disc brake has adopted mechanical booster mechanism reinforcement or supercharging; It also can adopt mechanical booster mechanism reinforcement or supercharging simultaneously.When it adopts automatic compensation of machinery or hydraulic pressure to compensate automatically simultaneously, it is except adopting the engine driven supercharging, it can also adopt other device supercharging, carry out service brake such as the supercharging device supercharging of being made up of master cylinder and vacuum booster, at this moment it adopt mechanical booster to carry out Parking, emergency brake.Its better adopts by lever block, slide block, rolling element, piston or the piston of exerting pressure, thread plate or adjusts plate or the telophragma part is main mechanical booster or the booster body of forming.

Lever block, slide block boosting mechanism that the mechanical booster of high safety brake (pressure) mechanism better adopts me to invent.Certainly, also can adopt other mechanical mechanism, as cam, screw thread, oblique contract (inclined-plane) etc., but weak effect is a little.My mechanical booster mechanism can mate according to the needs of braking, thereby steering force is little, control run is short, braking force is big.

The scheme of my mechanical booster (pressure) mechanism is: thread plate is housed in the body or adjusts plate or telophragma, thread plate and adjustment plate are threaded with body, and telophragma is connected with body.With thread plate or adjust plate or telophragma is corresponding piston also is housed or the piston of exerting pressure, piston or exert pressure piston and body hole are slidingly connected in body hole.Be contained in these two parts in the body, one is thread plate or adjusts plate or telophragma, and the piston of corresponding installation with another or the piston of exerting pressure have one should have groove or hole among them, or they all have groove or hole, or one has the hole another has groove.Generally speaking on the thread plate only at center drilling.Be contained in two parts in the body, piston or exert pressure piston and thread plate or adjust between plate or the telophragma lever block is housed.Two parallel grooves are arranged on the lever block, or a groove and a hole are arranged, or two holes are arranged, or a curved surface stick that protrudes is arranged on lever block, in addition one is groove or hole, and they all have off-centre.In groove on the lever block or the hole rolling element is housed.One of them rolling element is connected with the plane rolling of thread plate, piston, adjustment plate, the piston of exerting pressure, telophragma, or rolls and to be connected with groove or hole on them, prune part back and they are for being slidingly connected of rolling element.Another of another rolling element partly pack into piston, the piston of exerting pressure, adjust in the groove or hole of plate, telophragma, thread plate, and be mainly and be slidingly connected (do not get rid of a bit roll may) with them.Rolling element of adorning in groove on the lever block or the hole and lever block are mainly be slidingly connected (not getting rid of the possibility of a bit rolling).Certainly this part of lever block also can design like this, the place of the packaged rolling element of lever curved surface that be designed to give prominence to and that can rotate, just look like rolling element affixed (or welding) on lever block, and do not refill rolling element.Above-mentioned groove is the curved surface groove, as shapes such as garden arc, rectangle, arc, inclined-plane, many inclined-planes, multi sphere face, many curved surfaces grooves.When piston or exert pressure piston adjust plate or telophragma or thread plate on have one to have groove or hole after, piston that another is corresponding or the piston or adjust plate or telophragma or thread plate and can have only the inclined-plane of exerting pressure.Above-mentioned hole is a curved hole, is mainly multiple hole shapes such as straight hole, taper hole, arc shaped hole, hemisphere hole, flat-bottom hole.And the groove of dress rolling element is the curved surface groove on the lever block, is preferably garden arc groove or rectangle groove or surface groove.

Between the face in the afterbody of lever block and piston or exert pressure piston or thread plate or adjustment plate or telophragma or the body slide block is housed.Between the top of slide block and the afterbody of lever block rolling element is housed, rolling element rolls with the lever block afterbody with the top of slide block and is connected.Two working curved surfaces can be arranged at the top of slide block, main working curved surface is preferably the inclined-plane, and (other curved surface also can satisfy need of work, as arc surface etc.), its operating angle is preferably the 10-45 degree, another task curved surface on slide block top shelves when work are lived rolling element (needle roller or roller bearing), and this face is preferably tapered plane or straight plane.The plane of the following and piston of slide block or exert pressure piston or sub-piston, or with the thread plate lower plane or adjust plate or telophragma or body in planar slide is connected, or be connected with their rollings through rolling element.For making the better return of lever block, can return spring be set at the lever block afterbody, an end of return spring is pressed in the afterbody of lever block, and the other end acts on piston or body or adjusts on the plate.

The afterbody of lever block has curved surface, and this curved surface rolls with the rolling element of slide block top dress and is connected.The tail section curved surface of lever block or inclined-plane, as required, it can perhaps be made up of multiple camber or multistage inclined-plane one section curved surface (as the garden cambered surface) or one section inclined-plane.Its operating angle is preferably the 3-70 degree.

For increasing Separation, eliminate the gap fast and make operational stroke as far as possible little, can be at the piston or the piston open surface groove of exerting pressure.After groove on the piston is split into the curved surface groove.At this moment on adjustment plate or telophragma, also open a groove or hole (curved surface groove) or open a hole at the center of thread plate.Be installed in a rolling element on the lever block, its another part is installed in the groove or hole of adjusting plate or telophragma or thread plate.Be installed in another rolling element on the lever block, its another part is connected with groove face on the piston or the piston of exerting pressure.Behind the break brake off, this rolling element falls into piston or the groove above the piston of exerting pressure.Braking initial stage rolling element promotes piston fast or the piston of exerting pressure moves down.Can eliminate the gap fast like this, reduce control run, increase braking force.Can certainly be provided with said structure conversely.

For improving the bearing capacity of break, the rolling element of adorning in the groove on the lever block part of can pruning, the part that rolling element is pruned changes face with its former contacting point that is connected into by line, and Placement becomes sliding friction by rolling friction, has improved its bearing capacity.

For making it can bear bigger load and reducing friction, a support plate and dress some rolling elements (being preferably roller bearing or needle roller) can also be set between the rolling element of adjusting the part of adorning on plate or piston and the lever block of pruning.

When break adopts machinery to compensate automatically, automatic compensation structure can by, bounding means (as banking stop, stop collar etc.), threaded plate (as thread plate, adjust plate etc.), provide the spring (as wind spring, torsion spring etc.) of torsion, the part of pulling bounding means (as piston, screw etc.) to form.Bounding means is connected with the body friction and is abutted against when braking with its part of pulling, and threaded plate is threaded with body, and torsion spring is pulled between body and the threaded plate.It also adopts mechanical booster structure reinforcement.The non-step type machinery compensation mechanism that can also adopt screw rod, thread bush, torsion spring, return rubber seal, friction member parts such as (covers) to form compensates (as shown in Figure 22) automatically.The step type machinery compensation mechanism that can also adopt parts such as screw rod, thread bush, torsion spring, ratchet, ratchet to form in addition compensates (as shown in Figure 23) automatically.

For increasing the force increasing ratio of lever block, increase the length of lever block, can on body, increase a sub-piston.

When high safety disc brake adopts the hydraulic pressure automatic compensator, in its hydraulic system, be provided with mechanical booster (pressure) device (also being pressurized machine), it is to from braking overall pump or deposit the container of brake oil, the hydraulic oil that comes through pipeline carries out repressurize and supercharging, hydraulic oil after supercharging has entered clutch release slave cylinder (also being break) again, and break is braked.Mechanical booster (pressure) device and clutch release slave cylinder (break) can shared bodies, also can divide to be arranged each oneself body of using by oneself.Their piston diameter can be identical, also can be different.

When pressurized machine and break branch are arranged, connect with pipeline between pressurized machine and the break.Can drive one or several clutch release slave cylinder (break) with a pressurized machine brakes.Thereby better the installation is provided with, and makes design that more more options be arranged.The brake cylinder assembly that break and hydraulic brake now commonly used are positioned on the brake disc can just the same (all parts), and just pressurized machine has replaced the power assist device.At this moment can regard them as a braking system.

A compensate opening should be set on body, booster cavity and active chamber be communicated, when not braking with the container of depositing brake oil so that compensate automatically.When eliminating gap and braking, after leather cup on the piston of exerting pressure or seal ring had been closed active chamber and low pressure pipeline or deposited the passage of container of brake oil, the piston of exerting pressure made break work to the liquid supercharging.

The technological scheme of clutch is: its driven plate, housing are the same substantially with single plate clutch commonly used now.Its place different during as clutch with break, except often closing (break is normal branch), a break is general only with one group of lever block, slide block reinforcement assembly, and clutch is for stressed even, the above-mentioned reinforcement assembly of many groups generally all will be set, and clutch can install several return springs additional in order to separate thoroughly.Clutch only adopts mechanical compensating mechanism.

Telophragma and platen (be equivalent to thread plate, adjust plate, piston, the piston of exerting pressure) are housed in its housing, platen is slidingly connected with housing or is connected (as the pulling force sheet spring of the transmission torsion in the present circular shaft spring clutch etc.) with body through other part, and can move in body.Telophragma can move in housing.Support strip is housed on platen.Groove or hole are arranged on telophragma or support strip, or groove or hole are all arranged, or one there is groove another is porose.Groove on support strip or the telophragma also can be shapes such as arc, rectangle, curved surface, surface groove.When one in telophragma or the support strip groove or hole being arranged, can have only the inclined-plane on corresponding telophragma or the support strip.Between support strip and the telophragma lever block is housed.Two parallel grooves are arranged on the lever block or a groove is arranged and a hole or two holes (being preferably the hemisphere hole) are arranged or a curved surface stick that protrudes is arranged on lever block, in addition one is groove or hole, and they all have off-centre.Groove on the lever block can be arc, rectangle groove, and above-mentioned hole is a curved hole, is mainly multiple hole shapes such as straight hole, taper hole, arc shaped hole, hemisphere hole, flat-bottom hole, for making stressed even the least possible use hole or not using the hole.Groove on the lever block or in rolling element is housed.The rolling element of adorning in lever block groove or the hole is connected with the plane rolling of telophragma or support strip or rolls and to be connected with groove or hole on them.In another groove of lever block another rolling element is housed, another of rolling element partly packed in the groove or hole of support strip or telophragma, and they are mainly and are slidingly connected.Certainly this part of lever block also can design like this, the place of the packaged rolling element of lever curved surface that be designed to give prominence to and that can rotate, and do not refill rolling element.The afterbody of lever block has curved surface or inclined-plane, and this curved surface or inclined-plane roll with the rolling element of slide block top dress and be connected.The tail section curved surface of lever block or inclined-plane, as required, it can perhaps be made up of multiple camber or multistage inclined-plane one section curved surface (as the garden cambered surface) or one section inclined-plane.Under the constant prerequisite of volume and operational stroke, the gap of driven disc and flywheel and platen increases when making clutch separation, drags phenomenon and significantly reduces.

Between the pad of adorning on the afterbody of lever block and support strip or the telophragma slide block is housed.Between the afterbody of slide block top and lever block rolling element is housed, it rolls with the lever block afterbody with slide block top and is connected.Two working curved surfaces are arranged at the top of slide block, and main working curved surface is preferably the inclined-plane, and its operating angle is preferably the 10-45 degree, in the hole of it and plate rolling element are housed.Another working curved surface on slide block top shelves when work are lived rolling element, and this face is preferably tapered plane or straight plane.Pad, the telophragma lower plane adorned on the following and platen of slide block are slidingly connected, or connect through the rolling element rolling.For making the better return of lever block, can return spring be set at the lever block afterbody, an end of return spring is pressed in the afterbody of lever block, and the other end acts on platen or the telophragma.Pad, the telophragma lower plane adorned on the following and platen of slide block are slidingly connected, or connect through the rolling element rolling.For making the better return of lever block, can return spring be set at the lever block afterbody, an end of return spring is pressed in the afterbody of lever block, and the other end acts on platen or the telophragma.

For eliminating the gap fast, on support strip and telophragma, slot simultaneously, be installed in another rolling element on the lever block, its another part and the curved surface trough roller above the support strip are dynamically connected.Behind the break brake off, this rolling element falls into the curved surface groove above the support strip.When in conjunction with the time rolling element promote support strip fast and move down, and press platen, clutch combination.Can eliminate the gap fast like this, reduce control run, reduce steering force.

For improving the bearing capacity of clutch, the rolling element of adorning in the groove on the lever block part of can pruning, the part that rolling element is pruned changes face with its former contacting point that is connected into by line, and Placement becomes sliding friction by rolling friction, has improved its bearing capacity.

For making it can bear bigger load and reducing friction, can also between the rolling element of the part of adorning on telophragma and the lever block of pruning, install support plate and Duo Gen rolling element additional.

After making clutch abrasion, can compensate automatically, parts such as compensation screw rod, position-limited shaft, compensation torsion spring, supporting disk have been installed on housing.Its working principle is the same with the mechanical compensation mechanism of break.Its automatic compensator can be by bounding means (as position-limited shaft etc.), threaded axle (as screw rod etc.), provide the spring (as wind spring, torsion spring etc.) of torsion, the part of pulling bounding means to form.Bounding means is connected with casing friction and is abutted against when braking with its part of pulling.Threaded axle is threaded with housing, and is abutted against when combining with its part of pulling, and torsion spring is pulled between housing and the threaded axle.Above-mentioned rolling element mainly is needle roller, roller bearing, steel ball, is preferably needle roller, roller bearing.

Beneficial effect:

Adopted the automatic compensation way of hydraulic pressure on break, the same substantially with existing disk type braker is accepted easily.Adopt pressurized machine and clutch release slave cylinder (break) to divide the mode that is arranged, the height of break can significantly reduce, can drive several clutch release slave cylinders (break) with a pressurized machine again, break can be just the same with the branch pump assembly of the hydraulic brake of using always now, and pressurized machine has replaced the power assist device.Manufacturing mechanism is the same like this, and material is the same, greatly reduces cost, has shortened the construction cycle.

Simultaneously, since the force increasing ratio of the boosting mechanism of this break and clutch (lever block, parts such as slide block are formed) can design by the needs of break and clutch.When steering force is identical with clutch with operational stroke and other break, and volume it has the two-stage reinforcement when identical.One-level is oblique contract reinforcement, and another level is lever augmented, thereby can obtain than other break and bigger braking force and the carry-over moment of clutch, when other condition is the same, and generally can be several greatly to tens times.Conversely, when braking force and carry-over moment one timing, its steering force can be little several to tens times, its biggest advantage that Here it is.When being used on the car, can eliminate the hidden danger of motor accident extinguishing brakeless to it, make the Security of car improve 0.5 times without power assist.Particularly Parking Brake (hand brake) is except making Parking Brake, and it still is an emergency stopper.Both when Service Brake (pedal brake) lost efficacy, can check car by the requirement of Service Brake with hand brake.Car has two cover breaks in motion all the time in preparatory work like this, and when wherein a cover lost efficacy, another set of can work immediately made the Security of car improve 1 times again.Because it is simple in structure, particularly it is provided with Parking Brake very easily, thereby the cost 25%-45% that but descended.Break does not need power assist and can use this two advantages as emergency stopper, and existing automotive brake is not all accomplished.I tested these two advantages on car, can realize fully.Because present disk type braker braking force is not enough, it can not be used for lorry.Lorry can only be used drum brake.Drum brake is owing to there is the fatal shortcoming of heat fade and water fade, and Security is much lower.And high safety disc brake can be advantageously used on the lorry because braking force is huge, and the Security of lorry is significantly improved.Again need not carry on the back large water tank and dash the pouring drum brake.

Because steering force is generally provided by manpower, thereby operational stroke and steering force are limited with clutch for cars on hand.In order to obtain bigger carry-over moment, they all adopt dry construction.And my clutch is when identical with operational stroke with dry clutch steering force commonly used, but can adopt the wet type structure (as car or in, on the buggy).Thereby significantly improved the life-span of clutch, generally can improve about 20 times.

Boosting mechanism and main not being both of boosting mechanism of my patent in the past, lever block can no longer adopt the T font, also no longer includes the deep trouth of dress slide block on the piston, thereby simplifies the structure greatly, has reduced cost, has strengthened working stroke (during constancy of volume).

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1---a kind of motorcycle is with high safety disc brake general assembly drawing

Fig. 2--the piston three-face view in-Fig. 1 general assembly drawing

Fig. 3--the lever block three-face view in-Fig. 1 general assembly drawing

Fig. 4---automobile compensates automatically with machinery, adorn roller bearing in a groove on the lever block, another side is a dress steel ball in the hemisphere hole, the rolling element of adorning on lever block and the slide block afterbody C that is connected that rolls is an arc surface, between lever block afterbody and the piston return spring is housed, with the high safety disc brake general assembly drawing of two-stage lever block, slide block supercharging and reinforcement

Fig. 5--automobile compensation hydraulic, a pressurized machine drives two clutch release slave cylinders (break), and eliminate the gap fast and compensate automatically with the oil of depositing in the brake oil container with the spacing one-way valve, adjusting plate is connected with body with bolt, have the hemisphere hole on the telophragma, and the dress steel ball, the rolling element of adorning on the lever block (steel ball) that is connected with the piston of the exerting pressure a part of high safety disc brake general assembly drawing of pruning

Fig. 6---automobile hydraulic pressure automatic compensation structure, the shared body of piston and working piston of exerting pressure, emergency stopper (hand braking) is also used hydraulic transmission, and with another master cylinder and another oil pipe (26) transmission that are positioned on hand braking, two transmission wheel cylinders are arranged in the body.Have the hole that is slidingly connected with rolling element (steel ball) on the plate adjusting, have at the piston of exerting pressure and be connected,, and can eliminate the high safety disc brake general assembly drawing in gap fast by two sections inclined-planes and the groove that arc surface is formed with rolling element (roller bearing) rolling

Fig. 7---automobile compensates automatically with hydraulic pressure, and the piston of exerting pressure (pressurized machine) separates with working piston (break).Telophragma is housed adjusting under the plate, and on telophragma, has the groove that is slidingly connected with rolling element (roller bearing), have at the piston of exerting pressure and be connected, the groove of forming by three section inclined-plane with rolling element (roller bearing) rolling.Compensate with braking overall pump, and end disconnected valve (59) with pressure and end and break the high safety disc brake general assembly drawing that emergency stopper is the same with Fig. 6

Fig. 8---a kind is adopted hydraulic pressure compensation and mechanical compensation automatically automatically simultaneously, i.e. driving braking compensates automatically with hydraulic pressure, Parking, emergency brake machinery compensation automatically.Service brake is carried out hydraulic booster (add vacuum booster as braking overall pump commonly used now and carry out supercharging) with mechanical supercharger or other device, and hydraulic pressure carries out service brake.Parking, emergency brake are carried out machinery with stop collar (67) and are compensated spacing automatically with the braking of mechanical booster mechanism.With rubber return seal ring (24) return.Sub-piston is also used the supporting sleeve (63) identical with stop collar (67), the support (66) of its supporting wire rope, and wire rope (18) is turned to roller (65), seal with seal closure (64) with convenient, stop collar (67) also uses as oil cylinder cover except spacing, and supporting sleeve (62) is used for supporting the service brake power that working piston produces, and the place that the rolling element of adorning on piston and the lever block contacts is the inclined-plane on the support strip, rather than groove, a kind of rear brake sketch.

Fig. 9---a kind of break shown in Figure 8 two kinds of structures of rubber return seal ring.

Figure 10---a kind of automobile revolves the general assembly drawing that turn 90 degrees back, pressurized machine with the container of depositing brake oil.It is installed in the place that master cylinder and vacuum booster are installed on the automobile now, and replaces them to provide high pressure hydraulic oil to carry out service brake to break.It uses pushing-type and two-chamber piston structure.

Figure 11---a kind has skewed slot on piston, and a part of rolling element of pruning is housed in the skewed slot, the fundamental diagram when motorcycle is braked with high safety disc brake

The fundamental diagram of Figure 12---a kind of motorcycle during with high safety disc brake brake off

Figure 13--the schematic representation that-lever block afterbody working surface C is made up of one section arc surface

Figure 14--the schematic representation that-lever block afterbody working surface C is made up of several sections inclined-planes

The schematic diagram of the operating angle α of Figure 15---slide block working surface D and E

The enlarged view of Figure 16---slide block

Figure 17---adopt the pushing-type structure, reduce pressure with many needle rollers and support plate, improve the pressurized machine life-span, open rectangle groove on the piston of exerting pressure, and drive the sketch of two breaks with a pressurized machine

Figure 18---sketch of the high safety disc brake of pressurized machine made with cam mechanism

Figure 19---automobile type high performance disc clutch half section general assembly drawing

Figure 20--the automobile sketch of type high performance disc clutch reinforcement structure and shift fork

Figure 21-automobile is installed sketch with type high performance disc clutch position-limited shaft and return spring

Figure 22-a kind is in addition carried out non-step type with screw rod, thread bush and compensates automatically, uses the rubber seal return, is used for the general assembly drawing of the high safety disc brake of automobile of service brake and parking braking

Figure 23-working principle is the same with Figure 22, and the carrying out non-step type with screw rod, thread bush and compensate automatically of another kind of structure is with the automatic compensation principle figure of rubber seal return

Figure 24--a kind is carried out the step type Parking with screw rod, thread bush, ratchet, ratchet and compensates automatically, carries out the service brake and the general assembly drawing of a kind of high safety vehicle disk type braker of compensation automatically with hydraulic pressure

The fundamental diagram of ratchet, ratchet among Figure 25-Figure 24

High safety disc brake specific embodiments:

Now the automatic compensation scheme of the machinery of 1 pair of high safety disc brake, working principle and lever block, slide block boosting mechanism are introduced in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Accompanying drawing 1 is the general assembly drawing of motorcycle with high safety disc brake.Compensation torsion spring (11) thread plate (10) rolling element (roller bearing or needle roller) (9) lever blocks (8) rolling element (needle roller or roller bearing) (13) slide blocks (14) banking stops (7) roller bearings (or needle roller) (6) piston parts such as (5) is housed in body (1) from top to bottom.Compensation torsion spring (11) provides rotating force to compensate automatically to thread plate (10).Screw thread on thread plate (10) and the body (1) is preferably muley saw flute profile screw thread.Banking stop (7) is pressed on the body (1) through cover (61) with screw (38), and it is connected with the body friction.Banking stop (7) has limited the position of thread plate (10), and makes piston (5) that certain return space be arranged.Its working principle is such.The jockey holds down handgrip during braking, handgrip pulling wire rope (18), wire rope (18) spurs slide block (14) at last and moves right through joint sleeve (16), steel disc (15), rivet (12), and the needle roller (13) on the slide block (14) promotes lever block (8) afterbody C and rotates counterclockwise.Lever block (8) is gone up the roller bearing of adorning in the J groove (9) and is rolled at the lower plane of thread plate (10), another roller bearing (or steel ball) (6) of lever block (8) F groove dress since the effect of eccentric e to pressing down piston (5), roller bearing (9) plane is elongated to the size H below the piston (5), and piston (5) is pressed to brake disc (3) to brake shoe (2).Another road is that roller bearing (9) upwards promotes thread plate (10), and thread plate (10) promotes body (1), promotes the another side that brake shoe (2) is pushed down brake disc (3) at last, and break is braked.More than introduce and ask for an interview accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 10.When brake off, the driver unclamps handgrip, effect bottom slide block (14) at return spring (17) and lever block (8) afterbody C curved surface is moved to the left, lever block (8) is in brake disc (2), clockwise rotate under the effect of seal ring (4), because two grooves (groove J and groove F) on the lever block (8) have eccentric e, the size H of roller bearing (13) plane below piston (5) shortens, produce the gap, brake off between brake disc (3) and the brake shoe (2).Here will note the amount of eccentric e, when it was too small, though force increasing ratio can increase, working stroke may reduce, and may self-locking.More than introduce and ask for an interview accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 10 and accompanying drawing 11.If light braking, two braking shoe plates (2) are not wearing and tearing almost, and at this moment the head of banking stop (7) lower plane that withstands thread plate (10) carries out spacingly, and behind the brake off, thread plate (10) can not rotate compensation under the effect of torsion spring (11).If force to move, brake shoe (2) has wearing and tearing.During braking, piston (5) moves down the distance with corresponding a slice brake shoe (2) wear extent, body (1) distance identical (two braking shoe plates wearing and tearing basically identical) that also move up, at this moment the generation gap identical between the head of banking stop (7) and thread plate (10) lower plane with the brake shoe wear extent with corresponding a slice brake shoe (2) wear extent.Behind the brake off, owing to produce the gap between the head of thread plate (10) lower plane and banking stop (7), thread plate (10) rotates under the effect of torsion spring (11) and compensates, and break is finished single compensation.No matter be disk type braker or high safety disc brake and wet clutch commonly used now, its working stroke is all shorter, thereby compensation is necessary automatically.The compensation way of introducing above is mechanical compensation mechanism.When the volume of body (1) was big, banking stop (7) can change stop collar (20) into, and with the afterburning locking of bolt (48), and frictional force enough also can be locked without bolt greatly the time certainly, as shown in Figure 8.The purpose that rubber return seal ring (24) is set among Fig. 8 is, the one, and sealing, the 2nd, provide a returning place force to piston.For making better return of lever block (8), can install return spring (21) at its afterbody additional, as shown in Figure 4.

Here to note designing the C curved surface of lever block (8) afterbody and the D curved surface on the slide block (14) especially.The C curved surface can be made up of one section or several sections curved surfaces, as one section arc surface (as shown in figure 12), also can be that various curved surfaces such as hyperboloid, parabola, oval calotte are formed.Also can form (as shown in figure 13) with one section or several sections inclined-planes.The operating angle α that this C curved surface and slide block (14) are gone up the needle roller of adorning (or roller bearing) (13) is more little, and reinforcement is big more, but operational stroke is big more.Operating angle α the time will note in design can not self-locking, in order to avoid can not return.I carried out experiment operating angle, generally can be greater than 8 degree.Generally can be the 3-70 degree, when part time job face degree of finish was very high certainly, slide block (14) bottom and piston (5) were gone up between the plane and are pacified needle roller, possibility can also be littler, and more than 3 degree, but operational stroke will strengthen greatly, the self-locking tendency strengthens, so should leave safety margin.Except lever block (8) rotated counterclockwise the gap that can eliminate brake disc (3) and brake shoe (2) fast, the C curved surface that designs well also can be eliminated the gap of brake disc (3) and brake shoe (2) fast, and several sections inclined-planes also can satisfy above-mentioned requirements certainly.Certainly the C curved surface also can be designed to two sections or several sections curved surfaces, with the better satisfied needs that use.As shown in Figure 13, the operating angle of lever block (8) is divided into three section, operating angle β 1 maximum of first section C1, at this moment available less slide block (14) working stroke, make lever block (8) obtain big rotation angle, eliminate the gap between brake shoe (2) and the brake disc (3) rapidly.At this moment break does not need bigger boosting function yet.The operating angle β 2 of second section C2 is less than β 1, and boosting function is greater than the C1 section, and at this moment body (1) is in the initial stage of resiliently deformable, and the comparable C3 section of required boosting function is little.For satisfying the needs that continue to increase braking force, steering force is controlled in the reasonable range.The operating angle β of the 3rd section working curved surface C3 is minimum, the boosting function maximum.Save control run like this, in short control run, satisfied needs, also reduced the volume of break.Certainly also can be multistage more to the C curved design, can also be designed to continuous curved surface as shown in Figure 12.The situation of groundwork curved surfaces such as C curved surface also has detail to describe in original patent (ZL98808763.4).

D curved surface on the slide block (14) like this design better, when the C curved surface and the slide block (14) of lever block (8) are gone up the needle roller (or roller bearing) (13) adorned when being in maximum reinforcement (during work), the angle β of C curved surface and D curved surface should less than they from the locking angle.Needle roller (13) (or roller bearing) on when work (during braking or in conjunction with time) slide block (14) can not roll cisco unity malfunction when it rolls to lower to the lower of D curved surface like this.The last plane of D curved surface and piston (5) or equal α with the work angle γ of thread plate (10) lower plane and add β like this, α angle be C curved surface and piston (5) last plane or with the work angle of thread plate (10) lower plane.The γ angle can be big as far as possible like this, makes the component of slide block (14) return big as far as possible, thereby slide block (14) can self-locking, can free return.Its operating angle is the 10--45 degree, asks for an interview accompanying drawing 14.Another face E on the slide block (14), it should be able to live it by shelves when needle roller (13) is worked, do not allow it roll out the D curved surface and both can.It can be a vertical plane or an inclined-plane.Slotted eye N (shown in the accompanying drawing 10) on the steel disc (15) should allow needle roller (13) at the D curved surface some amount of movements be arranged, to make things convenient for return.

In order to reduce control run (particularly when force increasing ratio is big) as far as possible, be the gap that increases after break separates, and eliminate the gap fast, do not waste operational stroke, can be the groove beveling groove on the piston (5), as Fig. 6--shown in 7.Even can also be the inclined-plane, as shown in Figure 8.Can design by the structure among Fig. 7 (also can with reference to figure 6).On the piston of exerting pressure (30), have a skewed slot, between adjustment plate (31) and lever block (8), telophragma (52) is housed, telophragma has a groove on (52), and the some of rolling element (9) is housed in the groove, and another of rolling element (9) partly is contained in the groove on the lever block (8).The some of another rolling element (6) is contained in the groove of lever block (8), and another of rolling element (6) partly is contained in the skewed slot of the piston of exerting pressure (30).When break began to brake, slide block (14) moved right, and the center that it promotes the rich rolling element (9) of lever block (8) rotates counterclockwise.Lever block (8) promotes the inclined-plane rolling of the skewed slot of rolling element (6) on the piston of exerting pressure (30) simultaneously, presses the piston (30) of exerting pressure to move down simultaneously, and working piston (28) and the moving shoe plate (2) of body (1) compacting are eliminated the gap fast.Slide block continues to move right, and break enters braking state.Can design as required with the angle of rolling element (6) connection inclined.Have skewed slot owing to exert pressure on the piston (30), the booster body of break can obtain maximum force increasing ratio with the control run of minimum, does not waste any control runs.And the available residue working stroke during braking is bigger.

Two grooves on the lever block (8) are the curved surface groove, are preferably arc groove or rectangle groove.Corresponding piston (5), the groove on the piston of exerting pressure (30) are the curved surface groove, as garden arc, rectangle, arc, inclined-plane, many inclined-planes, multi sphere face, many curved surfaces groove, shown in Fig. 1,4,6,7,16.Be simplified structure and the automatic position of adjusting lever block (8), groove on piston (5) or the adjustment plate (31) and the groove on the corresponding lever block (8) can change the hemisphere hole into, at this moment the needle roller (6) (or roller bearing) that is contained in its centre should repack steel ball (47) into, shown in Fig. 4,5.

For making slide block (14) return better, reduce steering force, can be between slide block (14) and thread plate (10), or adorn needle roller (or roller bearing) (25) between the last plane of slide block (14) and piston (5), shown in Figure 5 as Fig. 4.

For making it can bear bigger load and reduce friction, can also go up pruning of dress with lever block (8) and install many roller bearings or a needle roller (54) and a support plate (55) additional between a part of roller bearing (9) adjusting plate (31), as shown in figure 16.

For the active force that makes lever block is in middle of piston, and make the afterbody long enough of lever block (8).Can solve the problems referred to above with two pistons, as shown in Figure 8.Among the figure one be main piston (5) another be (54) for sub-piston.

For making lever block, slide block boosting mechanism assembly no longer do significantly to move, better seal, design, install break along piston axis.Can adopt the mechanical compensation mechanism of accompanying drawing 22-23.Accompanying drawing 22 is that the non-step type machinery high safety disc brake of compensation is automatically all adopted in a kind of driving, Parking.Because compensation mechanism is arranged between boosting mechanism and the piston, lever block, slide block boosting mechanism are no longer done significantly to move along the axis of piston, thereby very good sealing of break and installation have significantly improved reliability.If provide elevated pressures oil by pressurized machine to its wheel cylinder, it can produce sizable braking force (comparable other the big 2-4 of braking force doubly).Its automatic compensation work principle is such, high pressure oil during braking (can be provided or master cylinder, booster provide by pressurized machine) enters wheel cylinder pulling slide block (14) through oil pipe (22) and moves right, it promotes lever block (8) to rotating counterclockwise, lever block (8) promotes to move down for the piston of exerting pressure (30) of screw rod through roller bearing (6), press working piston (28) to move down at last through thread bush (76), pressing plate (77), break is braked.If break brake shoe (2) is not when wearing and tearing, the working stroke of piston (28) is h.When brake off, the amount of working piston (28) return h under the returning place force effect of rubber return seal ring (24), the piston of exerting pressure (30) is the amount of return h also.Brake shoe (2) is when having wearing and tearing when braking, if wear extent is x, at this moment exert pressure piston (30) under the effect of lever block (8), slide block (14) except the amount that will move down h, also want the amount of how mobile x, thereby working piston (28) is also wanted the amount of how mobile x, at this moment rubber return seal ring (24) but only is compressed the amount of h, and pressing plate (77) will be pushed down the end face of friction sleeve (67), and promoting the amount that friction sleeve (67) moves down x, pressing plate (77) is fixedlyed connected with working piston (28).Rubber return seal ring (24) amount of a h of piston (28) return that but only pushes the work forward behind brake off, at this moment friction sleeve (67) return that but can not make progress moves (it and body (1) tight friction fit), and lever block (8) assembly return provides a h to add the return space of the amount of x to the piston of exerting pressure (30), the exert pressure amount of piston (30) return h under the effect of rubber return seal ring (24), at this moment thread bush (76) rotates an amount under the effect of torsion spring (11), the amount of the thread bush (76) and the x that moves up, compensation mechanism are finished once compensation automatically.Here the returning place force that is noted that rubber return seal ring (24) is greater than the return equilibrant force that torsion spring (11) provides to thread bush (76).Saying it in another way is exactly that the torsion of torsion spring (11) can not be too big, but also wants to rotate thread bush (76), otherwise just can not finely compensate automatically.Both the torsion that torsion spring (11) acts on thread bush (76) behind the break brake off can not make thread bush (76) compressing rubber return seal ring (24), the returning place force that rubber return seal ring (24) produces makes the pressing plate (77) and the end face of friction sleeve (67) that the gap (shown in the partial enlarged drawing in the accompanying drawing 22) of a h size is arranged all the time, and the torsion that certain above-mentioned torsion spring (11) produces can not promote friction sleeve (67) and move down.For make rubber return seal ring (24) life-span longer, friction factor is more stable, can go up a cover stamped metal ring (80) at rubber return seal ring (24).The benefit of making can also compensate after the reinforcement component wear to parts such as lever block, slide block composition except good sealing automatically like this.Mechanical disc brake for motorcycle also can adopt this structure in addition, just no longer uses the hydraulic driving slide block, but brakes with the wire rope driving sliding block.

Carrying out service brake with hydraulic pressure, with lever block, when the slide block boosting mechanism is done parking braking.Driving automatically compensation adopts hydraulic pressure to compensate automatically, compensates automatically and adopt the step type machinery compensation mechanism of accompanying drawing 23 to carry out Parking.Its working principle is as follows, and when high pressure oil enters active chamber (35) through pipeline (pipeline does not draw), working piston (28) moves down, and break is braked.When working piston during braking (28) moves down an amount h, it spurs the amount that screw rod (74) also moves down h again, the ratchet thread bush (69) that screw rod (74) spurs the band edge ratchet again moves down the amount of h, and screw rod (74) is threaded with ratchet thread bush (69).When the cumulative attrition amount of brake shoe (2) during less than the amount n that sets, ratchet (70) blocks the end ratchet of ratchet thread bush (69) during braking, and ratchet (70) is fixedlyed connected with body, and ratchet thread bush (69) had both made under the effect of torsion spring (11) and can not rotate.During braking when the cumulative attrition amount of brake shoe (2) during greater than the amount n that sets, working piston (28) moves down an amount greater than h+n through screw rod (74) pulling ratchet thread bush (69), at this moment ratchet (70) can not block the ratchet of ratchet thread bush (69), ratchet thread bush (69) rotates an angle under the effect of torsion spring (11), the move up amount (this is measured generally between 0.05-0.30mm) of a n of ratchet thread bush (69), at this moment ratchet (70) blocks next end ratchet, and compensation mechanism is finished a self-compensating process.Owing to be the ratchet thread bush (69) of band edge ratchet, under the effect of the returning place force of rubber return circle (24), can move up h or of ratchet behind the brake off (70) and ratchet thread bush (69) greater than the amount of 1 of h, thus satisfy the requirement of Separation.In the time will carrying out parking braking, slide block (14) moves right and promotes lever block (8) to rotating counterclockwise, lever block (8) promotes roller (6) piston (30) that promotes then to exert pressure and moves down, and it promotes ratchet thread bush (69) and then lead-screw (74) again, working piston (28) carries out parking braking.

Accompanying drawing 4 is a kind of service brake hydraulic transmission, and parking braking and emergency brake are adopted machinery a kind of break scheme of compensation automatically with wire rope (23) transmission.

High safety disc brake does not use the mechanical compensation mode, and adopts the compensation hydraulic scheme, ask for an interview accompanying drawing 6, etc.Its working principle is such, asks for an interview accompanying drawing 6.The interior no pressure oil of container (68) of depositing brake oil when not braking enters booster cavity (34) and active chamber (35) (they are same chamber sometimes) by pipeline (60) through compensate opening (27), compensates.Service brake master cylinder during braking (the service brake master cylinder does not draw, and it is the same substantially with break master cylinder commonly used now) is pressed into oil pipe (22) to low pressure oil, when low pressure oil enters wheel cylinder (39).After low pressure oil enters wheel cylinder (39), wheelcylinder piston (40) moves right through other part pulling slide block (14), lever block (8) is to rotating counterclockwise, lever block (8) promotes the bigger inclined-plane of angle that rolling element (6) rolls on the skewed slot on the piston of exerting pressure (30), and the piston of exerting pressure (30) moves down fast.After the piston of exerting pressure (30) moved down certain distance, its leather cup (29) or seal ring (29) were sealed compensate opening (27), and active chamber (35) disconnects with the oil circuit of the container of depositing brake oil.The piston (30) of exerting pressure after compensate opening (27) sealing continues to move down fast, because the incompressibility of liquid, liquid is pressed the moving shoe plate (2) of working piston (28) compacting downwards again, eliminates the gap between brake shoe (3) and the brake disc (3) earlier, brakes then.The shape of leather cup (29) can be the same with braking overall pump leather cup commonly used.After eliminating the gap, wheel cylinder (39) slide block (14) continues to make lever block (8) to rotating counterclockwise, lever block (8) promotes rolling element (6) and rolls on the upward less inclined-plane of angle of bevel of the piston of exerting pressure (30) again, and the piston of exerting pressure (30) is applied immense pressure, and break is braked.Another road adjustment plate (31) promotes body (1) again and moves up, and body (1) spurs another piece brake shoe (2) again and presses to brake disc (3), and break is braked.When the driver pine returns brake petal, behind the brake off, slide block (14) is return left, lever block (8) clockwise rotates return, needle roller (6) is got back at the bottom of the skewed slot on the piston of exerting pressure (30), the piston (30) of exerting pressure moves up under the effect of return spring (32), and at this moment active chamber does not have pressure, working piston (28) return upwards under the negative pressure that the resilience of seal ring (29) and return spring (32) produce.When the leather cup (29) on the piston of exerting pressure (30) or seal ring (29) after upwards return surpasses compensate opening (27), active chamber (35) communicates active chamber (35) pressure release fully with oil circuit between the container of depositing brake oil.The complete brake off of break.At this moment the return amount of working piston (28) is fully by the return amount decision (generally in 0.30 millimeter, this point and disk type braker commonly used are identical substantially) of the seal ring (4) of working piston (28).After brake shoe (2) wearing and tearing are big, after the return amount of stroke during working piston (28) braking greater than seal ring (4), working piston (28) can only return the return amount of seal ring (4), and at this moment the space that the stroke that it walks more produces is replenished by liquid, and break is finished once compensation automatically.The mode of this automatic compensation and structure are duplicate with using disk type braker always now.The advantage of this compensation way is very reliable, the very good processing of the sealing problem of pressurized machine (41), and can divide and be arranged, can be positioned on the lorry well.Shortcoming is its bad Parking Brake that is provided with, even will be provided with, cost is than higher.Here be noted that the opening of compensate opening (27), and its initial position can adjust preferably, shown in (36) among Fig. 6.At this moment the initial position of compensate opening (27) is rotated by the adjustment plate (31) for screw thread and is adjusted, rotating it can also compensating lever piece (8), slide block (14), pressurizing pack be because of the amount of long-term work wearing and tearing, and its considerable time of will working is just adjusted once certainly.Its role is the same with thread plate (10) basically, and different places is the effect that it no longer takes on automatic compensation.Here another problem that will note is, after the piston of exerting pressure (30) moves down and seals compensate opening, will continue when it continues to move down to seal compensate opening (27), can not allow leak of liquid in the chamber at lever block (8) place.It can solve with lips leather cup (29), or solves with adorning two leather cups, and the method for the seal ring (29) that also can extend solves.Ask for an interview shown in the accompanying drawing 6.The pipeline (60) that is connected with compensate opening (2) can be connected with braking overall pump in addition, also can be connected with the container of depositing brake oil.When compensate opening (27) when container that other deposits brake oil is connected, braking overall pump can be different with active chamber (35) with booster cavity (34) with the hydraulic oil of wheel cylinder (39), can select fluid according to needs separately like this, satisfy the needs of break.The emergency brake wheel cylinder (58) of accompanying drawing 6 is driven by the hand braking master cylinder of going up peace.Its oil circuit and service brake oil circuit independently divide and are arranged, and are independent of each other.

Another scheme is to replace compensate opening (27) with spacing one-way valve (36), as shown in Figure 5.During brake off, spacing one-way valve (36) is open-minded, and it can be compensated automatically.When the piston of exerting pressure (30) under the effect of lever block (8) and slide block (14) reinforcement assembly, move down a very little segment distance after, spacing one-way valve (36) is closed, active chamber (35) produces immense pressure, break is started working.Process during brake off is the same with such scheme.

Another scheme is that lever block (8) slide block (14) piston (30) assembly (also being pressurized machine) and working piston (28) (also the being break) branch of exerting pressure is arranged, between couple together with reinforced hose (33) or metal tube (33), shown in accompanying drawing 5,7.Such benefit is, is provided with very conveniently, thinks somewhere to install, with regard to where installation.And can connect several breaks (42) by a pressurized machine (41).Connect two front brake cylinders (42) (device) as a pressurized machine (41), perhaps connect two master cylinder (28) by a pressurized machine (41) on a wheel of lorry, can increase braking force like this, this is very useful on car and lorry, and cost-saved.Attention: when directly connecting pressurized machine (41) with break (42) with metal tube (33), pressurized machine (41) preferably can move with break (42).

Another scheme is that the fluid with braking overall pump goes to eliminate the gap between brake shoe (2) and the brake disc (3) earlier, and then is gone to brake by the supercharging of mechanical booster mechanism.As shown in Figure 7.(22) are set up a pressure and are ended disconnected valve (59) on the pipeline that is connected between braking overall pump and booster cavity (34).At the braking initial stage, the pressured fluid that braking overall pump comes is introduced into the booster cavity (34) and the active chamber (35) of the piston of exerting pressure (30), and at this moment because the pressure that wheel cylinder produces does not have pressure oil big to the pressure that the piston of exerting pressure (30) produces, mechanical booster mechanism does not work.After brake shoe (2) and brake disc (3) were eliminated the gap, after hydraulic coupling raise, pressure ended disconnected valve (59) and has closed the pipeline (22) that braking overall pump and booster cavity (34) link to each other with active chamber (35).At this moment mechanical booster mechanism [the reinforcement structure that lever block (8), slide block (14), piston parts such as (5) are formed] starts working under the effect of wheel cylinder (39), and break begins braking.

Employing hydraulic pressure is the high safety disc brake of compensation and comparing of the automatic compensation of machinery automatically, lacked parts such as bounding means, torsion spring, thread plate, the wear extent of brake shoe that it has used compensating liquid.

In car, can be provided with like this, front brake compensates automatically with hydraulic pressure, pressurized machine (41) supercharging, a hydraulic emergency braking overall pump is set in the hand brake handle mechanism in addition drives pressurized machine (41) supercharging, and then drive two front brake, the mechanical automatic compensation structure of rear brake, hand brake handle drives two rear brake with wire rope.Can make emergency stopper like this and use, can make Parking Brake again and use.Attention: at this moment in the front brake system, preferably adorn a regularly Decompression valves pressure release (as pressure release after 40 seconds), in order to avoid leak of liquid.For solving break master cylinder and rear brake wire rope stationary problem, should install extension spring additional between hand brake handle and wire rope in addition, after solving the master cylinder pressure release, wire rope can not provide pulling force to rear brake, thereby can not carry out the problem of parking braking.Can certainly on hand brake handle, not make moving master cylinder, and directly drive pressurized machine (41) through wire rope with handgrip.

Accompanying drawing 8 is a kind ofly to carry out service brake with high pressure oil, and high pressure oil can be by the pressurized machine of my invention, or other device provides (adding master cylinder as vacuum booster commonly used now).Service brake is compensated automatically by hydraulic pressure, and also not getting rid of certainly has the machinery possibility of compensation automatically.Mechanical booster mechanism just carries out Parking, emergency brake, and machinery compensates automatically.Stop collar (67) also uses as the oil cylinder cover except spacing, and supporting sleeve (62) is used for supporting the braking force that working piston produces.At this moment car can be provided with like this, and foot treadle directly drives pressurized machine (41) [push away, all can draw], and pressurized machine (41) carries out supercharging to fluid, removes to drive Service Brake then and brakes.In the break, front wheel brake can be with parking braking, and rear wheel brake is the break of the band parking braking the same with accompanying drawing 8.At this moment pressurized machine can adopt as present two-chamber braking overall pump, both with the pressurized machine (as accompanying drawing 21-22) of two tandem pistonss.At this moment its structure and present brake system are very approaching, are accepted easily.And certain emergency brake function is arranged, cost is also much lower.

The part mounting type of the reinforcement structure in certain break, the flute profile on the part, hole shape also have multiple pattern, because length is limited, are not stating here more, see also the introduction of technological scheme and accompanying drawing.

The specific embodiments of clutch is:

Its working principle is the same with break basically with structure, different place mainly contains, the first, it is often box-like, and break is open in usual, its original engaging force comes to spring, steering force just separates usefulness to it, and the second, organize lever block, slide block pressurizing pack for making its stressed even operated by rotary motion more, the 3rd, it only adopts mechanical automatic compensation structure.

Its working principle is as follows, shown in accompanying drawing 18 accompanying drawings 19 accompanying drawings 20.Lever block (8), slide block (14) reinforcement assembly are pressed to driven disc (43) at the following platen of the effect of stage clip (46) (45).Platen (45) and Flywheel disc (44) are given driven disc (43) transmission of power, and clutch is in conjunction with transmitting torque.When wanting clutch separation, the operator depresses foot treadle.Motion is delivered to release bearing (53) through other part.Release bearing (53) moves down, and it depresses shift fork (51), and shift fork (51) promotes slide block (14) makes lever block (8) to clockwise rotating.Produce the gap between roller bearing (9) on the lever block (8) and the supporting disk (52), platen (45) moves up clutch separation under the effect of return spring (54) and shift fork (51) afterwards.

Its automatic compensation principle is the same with above-mentioned break mechanical compensation, and different is, and its position-limited shaft (50) should limit the return amount that supporting disk (52) limits platen (45) again, in order to avoid return spring (54) stops compensation screw rod (49) to compensate automatically.Position-limited shaft (50) rubs more tightly and is connected on the housing (56).It mainly is to reduce friction, conveniently compensate that the termination that compensation screw rod (49) contacts with supporting disk (52) installs many steel balls (47) additional.Its working principle is such, when driven disc (43), platen (45), Flywheel disc (44) is when having wearing and tearing, in lever block (8), under the effect of slide block (14) pressurizing pack, platen (45) pulling position-limited shaft (50) moves down the distance identical with wear extent, produce and top identical gap between step on the position-limited shaft (50) and the supporting disk (52), when clutch separation the compensation torsion spring (11) effect under, compensation screw rod (49) rotates and moves downward, supporting disk (52) moves down under its effect, and eliminated and position-limited shaft (50) between the gap, finished once compensation automatically.

The working principle and the break of the boosting mechanism of clutch are just the same.It is to utilize lever block, slide block boosting mechanism that clutch power is provided, and the power of separation is provided by manpower.The shape of lever block (8), slide block (14), and each working curved surface is also all the same with break.

This in a word boosting mechanism has simply, volume is little, reinforcement is huge, with low cost, reliability is high, and it is used on break and the clutch huge prospect being arranged.

Claims (7)

1, is used for motorcycle, automobile, engineering machinery, and the high safety disc brake of various Transport Machinery, it is made up of parts such as brake disc, brake shoe, coupling, operating mechanism, Sealing and mechanism, it is characterized by: high safety disc brake adopts machinery to compensate automatically or hydraulic pressure compensates automatically, and perhaps it adopts mechanical compensation automatically and hydraulic pressure to compensate automatically simultaneously; It perhaps uses mechanical booster and engine driven supercharging mechanism reinforcement or supercharging simultaneously with mechanical booster or engine driven supercharging mechanism reinforcement or supercharging; It also can install supercharging with other.

2, break according to claim 1 is characterized by: its better adopts by lever block, slide block, rolling element, piston or the piston of exerting pressure, thread plate or adjusts plate or the telophragma part is main mechanical booster mechanism or the engine driven supercharging mechanism that forms; Thread plate is housed in the body of this reinforcement or booster body or adjusts plate or telophragma, thread plate and adjustment plate are threaded with body, and telophragma is connected with body; With thread plate or adjust plate or the corresponding piston or the piston of exerting pressure of also being equipped with of telophragma, piston or exert pressure piston and body hole are slidingly connected in body hole; Be contained in two parts in the body, one is thread plate or adjustment plate or telophragma, the part piston of corresponding installation with another or the piston of exerting pressure, there is one groove or hole should be arranged, perhaps they all have groove or hole, or porose another has groove, and lever block is housed between them; Two grooves are arranged on the lever block, or a groove and a hole, or two holes, or a curved surface stick that protrudes is arranged on lever block, and in addition one is groove or hole, they all have off-centre; In groove on the lever block or the hole rolling element is housed, one of them rolling element is connected with the plane rolling of thread plate, piston, adjustment plate, the piston of exerting pressure, telophragma, or roll and to be connected with groove or hole on them, prune part back and they are for being slidingly connected of rolling element; Another of another rolling element partly pack into piston, the piston of exerting pressure, adjust in the groove or hole of plate, telophragma, thread plate, and be mainly with them and be slidingly connected; Rolling element of adorning in groove on the lever block or the hole and lever block are mainly and are slidingly connected; The groove or the hole of opening on piston or exert pressure piston or adjustment plate or telophragma or the thread plate, this groove is the curved surface groove, is preferably curve bath, rectangle groove, surface groove, many surface grooves, many curved surfaces groove; Be preferably in center drilling on the thread plate; After having one to have groove or hole on piston or exert pressure piston or adjustment plate or telophragma or the thread plate, can have only the inclined-plane on the piston that another is corresponding or exert pressure piston or adjustment plate or telophragma or the thread plate; In the hole that above-mentioned part is opened is curved hole, is preferably hemisphere hole, straight hole, taper hole, flat-bottom hole; And the groove of dress rolling element is the curved surface groove on the lever block, is preferably garden arc groove or rectangle groove or surface groove; Afterbody of lever block (C) and piston or exert pressure piston or thread plate or adjust plate or telophragma or body in a face between slide block is housed, plane on following and the piston of slide block or exert pressure piston or the sub-piston or thread plate or adjust plate or telophragma or body in planar slide is connected or through rolling element rolling connection; Between the tail section curved surface (C) of upper curved surface of slide block (D) and lever block rolling element is housed, rolling element rolls with lever block tail section curved surface (C) with the upper curved surface (D) of slide block and is connected; The face (D) of the rolling element that slide block top dress is connected with the lever block afterbody is a curved surface, is preferably two sections inclined-planes, and wherein one section can be vertical plane or inclined-plane, and another section is the inclined-plane; The tail section curved surface of lever block (C) is curved surface or several sections curved surfaces with the afterbody (C) that the rolling element of slide block top-surface camber (D) dress is connected, and is preferably inclined-plane, arc surface, hyperboloid, parabola, ellipsoid; The curved surface (C) that lever block tail section curved surface (C) is connected with the rolling element of slide block top dress, its operating angle is preferably the 3-70 degree; The operating angle of slide block top dress rolling element curved surface (D) is preferably the 10-45 degree; Be contained in the lever block rolling element some of can pruning; At rolling element and thread plate or the piston of the part of pruning or adjust between the plate support plate and some rolling elements can also be set; Above-mentioned rolling element is for being preferably needle roller, roller bearing, steel ball; On lever block recoil press spring can be installed, an end of recoil press spring is pressed on the lever block, and the other end of recoil press spring acts on piston or the thread plate.

3, break according to claim 1 is characterized by: when brake system adopted hydraulic pressure to compensate automatically, it had two pistons or a plurality of piston; One is the piston of exerting pressure, and is working piston in addition; They can a shared body, also can distinguish each and use body; When each used body respectively, their active chamber connected with pipeline; A pressurized machine can connect a break (clutch release slave cylinder) or several break; Have compensate opening on body or pressurized machine body, or the piston of exerting pressure is provided with the spacing one-way valve, compensate opening or spacing one-way valve are connected with braking overall pump through pipeline, or are connected with the container of depositing brake oil; Spacing one-way valve on the compensate opening or the piston of exerting pressure can also end disconnected valve through pressure and be connected with braking overall pump; Exerting pressure piston and body or adjust between the plate and can install return spring additional.

4, break according to claim 1 is characterized by: when break adopts machinery automatically during compensation, mechanical compensation mechanism can by, the part of bounding means, threaded plate, the spring that torsion is provided, pulling bounding means etc. is formed; Bounding means is connected with the body friction and is abutted against when braking with its part of pulling, and a face of its other end and threaded plate is abutted against; Threaded plate is threaded with body, and torsion spring is pulled between body and the threaded plate; The mechanical automatic compensation structure that perhaps adopts the parts such as piston, torsion spring of rubber return seal ring, pressing plate, friction sleeve, thread bush, band screw rod to form, at this moment friction sleeve is connected with the body tight friction, screw flight on the piston of thread bush and band screw rod is connected, and torsion spring is pulled between the screw rod on thread bush and body or piston or the piston of exerting pressure; Again or the step type machinery compensation mechanism that adopts the parts such as thread bush, ratchet, torsion spring of screw rod, band edge face ratchet to form, screw rod is threaded with thread bush, and ratchet is fixedlyed connected with body, and screw rod is fixedlyed connected with working piston; For increasing the force increasing ratio of lever block, can increase a sub-piston again.

5, a kind ofly be used for motorcycle, automobile, engineering machinery, and the clutch of various machineries, it is made up of parts such as Flywheel disc, platen, driven disc, housing, pulling force sheet spring, shift fork, couplings, and it is characterized by: clutch adopts mechanical compensation mechanism; It also adopts mechanical booster mechanism, better adopts by lever block, slide block, rolling element, piston or the piston of exerting pressure, thread plate or adjusts plate or the telophragma part is the main boosting mechanism of forming.

6, clutch according to claim 5 is characterized by: in its housing telophragma is housed; Between the support strip of adorning on telophragma and the platen lever block is housed; Two grooves are arranged on the lever block, or a groove and a hole, or two holes, rolling element is housed in them; Groove on rolling element and the lever block or hole are mainly and are slidingly connected; On telophragma or support strip, have one groove or hole should be arranged, or groove or hole are all arranged, or one there is groove another is porose; Rolling element also is connected with the plane rolling of telophragma or support strip or rolls and is connected with groove or hole on them, prune part back and they are for being slidingly connected of rolling element; Another rolling element also with telophragma or support strip on another groove or hole be slidingly connected; Between telophragma and the platen slide block is housed, between the afterbody (C) of slide block top (D) and lever block rolling element is housed, rolling element rolls with lever block afterbody (C) with slide block top (D) and is connected; The pad of adorning on the bottom of slide block and the platen or the face on the telophragma is slidingly connected or roll through rolling element and to be connected; The groove of dress rolling element is the curved surface groove on support strip or the telophragma, is preferably garden arc groove, rectangle groove, surface groove, many surface grooves; After having one to have groove or hole on support strip or the telophragma, can have only the inclined-plane on support strip that another is corresponding or the telophragma; The groove of dress rolling element is the curved surface groove on the lever block, is preferably garden arc groove or rectangle groove; And the hole on the above-mentioned part is preferably straight hole, taper hole, arc shaped hole, hemisphere hole, flat-bottom hole; The position (D) of the rolling element that slide block top dress is connected with the lever block afterbody is curved surface, and curved surface (D) is preferably two sections inclined-planes, and wherein one section is vertical plane or inclined-plane, and another section is the inclined-plane; Can adorn rolling element between the bottom of slide block and the plane on the pad, or can adorn rolling element between slide block and the telophragma, the connection of all rolling between them; The operating angle of the curved surface (C) that the rolling element of adorning on lever block afterbody and the slide block is connected is preferably the 3-70 degree; The operating angle of slide block top dress rolling element curved surface (D) is preferably the 10-45 degree; Be contained in rolling element on the lever block some of can pruning; Prune a part rolling element and the support strip on telophragma or the platen between some rolling elements and support plate can be set; Afterbody at lever block can be installed recoil press spring, and an end of recoil press spring is pressed on the lever block; Above-mentioned rolling element is preferably needle roller, roller bearing, steel ball.

7, clutch according to claim 5 is characterized by: its mechanical compensation mechanism can be made up of the part of bounding means, threaded axle, the spring that torsion is provided, pulling bounding means; Bounding means is connected with casing friction and is abutted against when braking with its part of pulling, and also be abutted against with telophragma the other end of bounding means; Threaded axle is threaded with housing, and is abutted against when clutch combines with its part of pulling; Torsion spring is pulled between housing and the threaded axle.

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