CN1641083A - Spiral carbon fiber with nano-scale coil diameter and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Spiral carbon fiber with nano-scale coil diameter and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1641083A CN1641083A CN 200410000752 CN200410000752A CN1641083A CN 1641083 A CN1641083 A CN 1641083A CN 200410000752 CN200410000752 CN 200410000752 CN 200410000752 A CN200410000752 A CN 200410000752A CN 1641083 A CN1641083 A CN 1641083A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title abstract description 13
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetylene Chemical compound C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000001967 indiganyl group Chemical group [H][In]([H])[*] 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 6
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- KFSUNTUMPUWCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;perchloric acid Chemical compound CCO.OCl(=O)(=O)=O KFSUNTUMPUWCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 acetylene hydrocarbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- Catalysts (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of preparation of nano materials, and particularly relates to a spiral carbon fiber with a nano-scale coil diameter and a preparation method thereof. Putting a template with pores into a vacuum coating machine at a certain angle; placing a high-purity copper rod in a vacuum coating machine, and sputtering and depositing copper in and around the pores of the template in a vacuum state; putting the template deposited with the copper catalyst into a vapor deposition furnace, taking small molecular hydrocarbon as a carbon source, and taking H as2As a reducing gas, N2As a diluent gas, C2H2∶H2In a molar ratio of 1/4-1/8, C2H2∶N2The molar ratio of (1: 0.6-1.2) is carried out at 750 +/-20 ℃, a high-elasticity coil with the diameter of nano-scale is grown in the pores of the template, the D is 50-900 nm, the pitch P is 0.05-900 nm, and the helical carbon fiber can be elongated to be 1-10 times of the original length.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation field of nano material, particularly the coil diameter is nano level screw carbon fibre and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
How produce the method for high elastic screw carbon fibre, be carbon source with micromolecule such as acetylene, with H
2And N
2Be respectively reducing gases and carrier gas, under the transition-metal catalyst effect, be prepared from through chemical vapour deposition technique.Up to now, only can obtain screw carbon fibre, its coil diameter D is about 1～50 micron, and pitch P is about 0.01～5 micron.In other words, up to the present, utilize current vapour deposition process, the coil diameter D of the screw carbon fibre that makes is also in micron-sized scope.Wanting to obtain coil diameter D is the material of nano-scale, very difficulty.This situation is that CN 1327093A and number of patent application are to see more clearlyly in 99800179.1 at the Chinese patent publication number.
Summary of the invention
It is nano level screw carbon fibre that one of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of coil diameter, and this material has unexistent special physical and mechanical property of common linear carbon fiber and electro-magnetic wave absorption performance.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of electrochemistry template and vacuum sputtering of using and makes the nano-structured method of copper catalyst particle, and making the coil diameter is nano level screw carbon fibre.
The present invention adopts electrochemistry template and vacuum sputtering, and the two combines, and makes the copper catalyst particle nano-structured.The porosity of template is controlled between 25 to 600nm, again this template is put into vacuum and carries out the copper sputter, obtains the very thin nanometer copper catalyst of one deck, under its effect, makes the coil that diameter is 50～900nm with conventional chemical vapour deposition technique.
Coil diameter of the present invention is that nano level screw carbon fibre is the little screw carbon fibre of a kind of high elasticity, coil diameter D=50～700nm, and pitch P=0.05～900nm, it is 1～10 times of its raw footage that this screw carbon fibre can elongate.
The preparation method that coil diameter of the present invention is nano level screw carbon fibre may further comprise the steps:
(1). a template that has hole is put into vacuum coating equipment with the angle of 10～45 degree;
(2). highly purified copper rod is placed in the vacuum coating equipment, and with the copper sputtering sedimentation in the hole of template and on every side, vacuum is 10 under vacuum state
-5～10
-6Holder;
(3). the template that step (2) is deposited copper catalyst is put into gaseous phase deposition stove, is carbon source with micromolecule such as acetylene hydrocarbon, with H
2Be reducing gases, N
2Be carrier gas, C
2H
2: H
2Mol ratio=1/4～1/8, C
2H
2: N
2Mol ratio=1: 0.6～1.2, under 750 ± 20 ℃, react, in the hole of template, grow elastomeric coil, diameter is a nanoscale size, D=50～700nm, pitch P=0.05～400nm, it is 1～10 times of its raw footage that this screw carbon fibre can elongate.
Described template is high-purity aluminium sheet (purity 99.999%).
The diameter of the hole of described template is 25～600nm.
Vacuum indoor temperature during described sputter is a room temperature, and the thickness of the copper cluster that the control nano-scaleization is later is about 10～30nm, and the thickness of the sputtering depositing layer of copper is about 10～30nm.
The preparation that the present invention is template used: adopt rafifinal (99.999%) as raw material, rafifinal was inserted in the acetone soln sonicated 5 minutes, remove surperficial organic pollution, under 10V voltage, in perchloric acid and ethanol volume ratio is about 15～20 minutes of electrolysis in 1: 4 the solution, remove the oxide on surface, obtain the aluminium flake of light.Under the voltage 20～120V of series value, with the H of 0.3M
2C
2O
4Be electrolyte, use magnetic agitation, under 18 ℃ of constant temperature electrolyte, at this moment electrolysis 5～6 hours, has just produced uniform aperture (formation in hole) on aluminium sheet, use CuCl again
2Solution is removed the Al base, at last with 10wt%H
3PO
4With barrier layer dissolving and carry out suitable reaming, approximately carry out to obtain alumina formwork in 4 hours.See that Figure 1A～E is about different apertures 25,45,70,100, the template of 150nm respectively.The effect of template is: 1. limit the growth place of carbon fiber pipe, carbon fiber pipe can only begin growth in hole; 2. retrain the coil diameter of carbon fiber, the caliber of carbon fiber is equally matched with the average diameter of hole.
Effect of the present invention just is: by the anisotropic guide effect of copper in template and the pattern hole, can make the coil diameter of carbon helix tube enter the scope of nanoscale size, and might study structure that the screwed pipe diameter is nano level carbon spiral and the relation between its performance.
Description of drawings
The alumina formwork schematic diagram of Figure 1A～E. embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2. the equipment schematic diagram of the used vapour deposition process of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Vapour deposition process device therefor in following examples sees also Fig. 2.
Embodiment 1:
Adopt rafifinal (99.999%) as raw material, sonicated 5 minutes in acetone soln is removed surperficial organic pollution earlier, then under 10V voltage, electrolysis is about 15～20 minutes in perchloric acid ethanol (1: the 4 V/V) solution, removes the oxide on surface, obtains the aluminium flake of light.Under 20V voltage, with 20%H
2SO
4Be electrolyte, magnetic agitation electrolyte, at 10～20 ℃, electrolysis 5～6 hours, just produced uniform aperture this moment on aluminium sheet, use CuCl
2Solution is removed the Al base, at last with 10wt%H
3PO
4With barrier layer dissolving and carry out suitable reaming, can obtain template.The average pore size of template is about 25～30nm.Shown in Figure 1A.
This template is put into the vacuum sputtering machine, vacuumize 10
-5～10
-6Holder, template is the angles of 15 degree, highly purified copper rod is placed in the vacuum coating equipment, under vacuum state with the copper sputtering sedimentation in the hole of template and on every side, the vacuum indoor temperature is a room temperature, and the thickness of the copper cluster that the control nano-scaleization is later is about 10～30nm.Then, having the template of copper catalyst to put into gaseous phase deposition stove sputtering sedimentation, is carbon source with acetylene, with H
2Be reducing gases, with N
2Be carrier gas, C
2H
2/ H
2=1/4～3/4, C
2H
2/ N
2=1: 0.6～0.8, under 750 ± 20 ℃ temperature, react, in the template hole, grow elastomeric coil, diameter D is about 25～30nm, pitch P=0.05～50nm can be elongated 1～2 times helical carbon fiber.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt rafifinal (99.999%) as raw material, sonicated 5 minutes in acetone soln is removed surperficial organic pollution earlier, then under 10V voltage, electrolysis is about 15～20 minutes in perchloric acid ethanol (1: the 4 V/V) solution, removes the oxide on surface, obtains the aluminium flake of light.Under 40V voltage, with the H of 0.3M
2C
2O
4Be electrolyte, magnetic agitation electrolyte, at 10～20 ℃, electrolysis 6～8 hours, just produced uniform aperture this moment on aluminium sheet, use CuCl
2Solution is removed the Al base, at last with 10wt%H
3PO
4With barrier layer dissolving and carry out suitable reaming, can obtain template.The average pore size of template is about 45～50nm.Shown in Figure 1B.
This template is put into the vacuum sputtering machine, vacuumize 10
-5～10
-6Holder, template is the angles of 15 degree, highly purified copper rod is placed in the vacuum coating equipment, under vacuum state with the copper sputtering sedimentation in the hole of template and on every side, the vacuum indoor temperature is a room temperature, and the thickness of the copper cluster that the control nano-scaleization is later is about 10～30nm.Then, having the template of copper catalyst to put into gaseous phase deposition stove sputtering sedimentation, is carbon source with acetylene, with H
2Be reducing gases, with N
2Be carrier gas, C
2H
2/ H
2=1/4～3/4, C
2H
2/ N
2=1: 0.5～0.7, under 750 ± 20 ℃ temperature, react, in the template hole, grow elastomeric coil, diameter D is about 45～50nm, pitch P=0.05～100nm can be elongated 1～3 times helical carbon fiber.
Embodiment 3:
Adopt rafifinal (99.999%) as raw material, sonicated 5 minutes in acetone soln is removed surperficial organic pollution earlier, then under 10V voltage, electrolysis is about 15～20 minutes in perchloric acid ethanol (1: the 4 V/V) solution, removes the oxide on surface, obtains the aluminium flake of light.Under 60V voltage, with the H of 0.3M
2C
2O
4Be electrolyte, magnetic agitation electrolyte, at 10～20 ℃, electrolysis 5～6 hours, just produced uniform aperture this moment on aluminium sheet, use CuCl
2Solution is removed the Al base, at last with 10wt%H
3PO
4With barrier layer dissolving and carry out suitable reaming, can obtain template.The average pore size of template is about 70nm.Shown in Fig. 1 C.
This template is put into the vacuum sputtering machine, vacuumize 10
-5～10
-6Holder, template is the angles of 15 degree, highly purified copper rod is placed in the vacuum coating equipment, under vacuum state with the copper sputtering sedimentation in the hole of template and on every side, the vacuum indoor temperature is a room temperature, and the thickness of the copper cluster that the control nano-scaleization is later is about 10～30nm.Then, having the template of copper catalyst to put into gaseous phase deposition stove sputtering sedimentation, is carbon source with acetylene, with H
2Be reducing gases, with N
2Be carrier gas, C
2H
2/ H
2=1/4～1/6, C
2H
2/ N
2=1: 0.6～0.8, under 750 ± 20 ℃ temperature, react, in the template hole, grow elastomeric coil, diameter D is about 80nm, pitch P=0.05～100nm can be elongated 1～3 times helical carbon fiber.
Embodiment 4:
Adopt rafifinal (99.999%) as raw material, sonicated 5 minutes in acetone soln is removed surperficial organic pollution earlier, then under 10V voltage, electrolysis is about 15～20 minutes in perchloric acid ethanol (1: the 4 V/V) solution, removes the oxide on surface, obtains the aluminium flake of light.Under 90V voltage, with the H of 0.3M
2C
2O
4Be electrolyte, magnetic agitation electrolyte, 10～20 ℃ of electrolysis 5～6 hours, just produced uniform aperture this moment on template, use CuCl
2Solution is removed the Al base, at last with 10wt%H
3PO
4With barrier layer dissolving and carry out suitable reaming, approximately carried out 4～6 hours, can obtain the permeability alumina formwork.The average pore size of template is 115 ± 20nm, shown in Fig. 1 D.
This template is put into the vacuum sputtering machine, vacuumize 10
-5～10
-6Holder, template are the angles of 45 degree, highly purified copper rod placed in the vacuum coating equipment, and under vacuum state, with the copper sputtering sedimentation in the hole of template and on every side, be room temperature in the vacuum chamber, the thickness of controlling the later copper cluster of nano-scaleization is about 10～30nm.Having the template of copper catalyst to put into gaseous phase deposition stove sputtering sedimentation, is carbon source with acetylene, with H
2Be reducing gases, with N
2Be carrier gas, C
2H
2/ H
2=1/4～1/7, C
2H
2/ N
2=1: 0.8～1.4, under 750 ± 20 ℃ temperature, react, in the template hole, grow elastomeric coil, diameter D is about 125 ± 20nm, pitch P=50～150nm can be elongated 1～4 times helical carbon fiber.
Embodiment 5:
Adopt rafifinal (99.999%) as raw material, sonicated 5 minutes in acetone soln is removed surperficial organic pollution earlier, then under 10V voltage, the about 15-20min of electrolysis in perchloric acid ethanol (1: the 4 V/V) solution removes the oxide on surface, obtains the aluminium flake of light.Under 120V voltage, the H with 5%
3PO
4Be electrolyte, magnetic agitation electrolyte, 0～5 ℃ of electrolysis 12 hours, just produced uniform aperture this moment on aluminium sheet, use CuCl
2Solution is removed the Al base, at last with 10wt%H
3PO
4With barrier layer dissolving and carry out suitable reaming, approximately carried out 8～10 hours, can obtain the permeability alumina formwork.The average pore size of template is 120 ± 20nm, shown in Fig. 1 E.
This template is put into the vacuum sputtering machine, vacuumize 10
-5～10
-6Holder, template are the angles of 20 degree, highly purified copper rod placed in the vacuum coating equipment, and under vacuum state, with the copper sputtering sedimentation in the hole of template and on every side, be room temperature in the vacuum chamber, the thickness of controlling the later copper cluster of nano-scaleization is about 10～30nm.Having the template of copper catalyst to put into gaseous phase deposition stove sputtering sedimentation, is carbon source with acetylene, with H
2Be reducing gases, with N
2Be carrier gas, C
2H
2/ H
2=1/4～1/8, C
2H
2/ N
2=1: 0.6～0.9, under 750 ± 20 ℃ temperature, react, in the template hole, grow elastomeric coil, diameter D is about 160 ± 20nm, pitch P=0.05～200nm can be elongated 1～10 times helical carbon fiber.
Claims (8)
1. a coil diameter is nano level screw carbon fibre, it is characterized in that: the coil diameter D=50～900nm of described screw carbon fibre, and pitch P=0.05～900nm, it is 1～10 times of its raw footage that this screw carbon fibre can elongate.
2. the preparation method of a screw carbon fibre as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described method may further comprise the steps:
(1). a template that has hole is put into vacuum coating equipment;
(2). highly purified copper rod is placed in the vacuum coating equipment, under vacuum state with the copper sputtering sedimentation in the hole of template and on every side.
(3). the template that step (2) is deposited copper catalyst is put into gaseous phase deposition stove, is carbon source with the micromolecule hydrocarbon, with H
2Be reducing gases, N
2Be carrier gas, C
2H
2: H
2Mol ratio=1/4～1/8, C
2H
2: N
2Mol ratio=1: 0.6～1.2, under 750 ± 20 ℃, react, in the template hole, grow elastomeric coil, diameter is a nanoscale size.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the coil diameter D=50～900nm of described screw carbon fibre, and pitch P=0.05～900nm, it is 1～10 times of its raw footage that this screw carbon fibre can elongate.
4. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described template is to put into vacuum coating equipment with the angle of 15～45 degree.
5. as claim 2 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that: the hole of described template is 25～600nm.
6. as claim 2 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that: described template is that purity is 99.999% aluminium sheet.
7. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the thickness of the sputtering depositing layer of described copper is 10～30nm.
8. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the vacuum in the described vacuum coating equipment is 10
-5～10
-6Holder.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410000752 CN1287018C (en) | 2004-01-16 | 2004-01-16 | Spiral carbon fiber with nano-scale coil diameter and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410000752 CN1287018C (en) | 2004-01-16 | 2004-01-16 | Spiral carbon fiber with nano-scale coil diameter and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1641083A true CN1641083A (en) | 2005-07-20 |
| CN1287018C CN1287018C (en) | 2006-11-29 |
Family
ID=34866880
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102320590A (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-01-18 | 天津大学 | Method for directly growing single and double-spiral nano carbon fibers on copper matrix |
| CN103526176A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-22 | 天津大学 | Method for directly growing helical carbon nanofibers on nanoporous copper |
| CN103590141A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2014-02-19 | 国家纳米科学中心 | Silver-glutathione chiral nanofiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN103741113A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-04-23 | 青岛科技大学 | Preparation method of nano carbon fiber film |
-
2004
- 2004-01-16 CN CN 200410000752 patent/CN1287018C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102320590A (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-01-18 | 天津大学 | Method for directly growing single and double-spiral nano carbon fibers on copper matrix |
| CN102320590B (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2013-01-23 | 天津大学 | Method for directly growing single and double-spiral nano carbon fibers on copper matrix |
| CN103590141A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2014-02-19 | 国家纳米科学中心 | Silver-glutathione chiral nanofiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN103590141B (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-09-16 | 国家纳米科学中心 | A kind of silver-glutathione chirality nanofiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN103526176A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-22 | 天津大学 | Method for directly growing helical carbon nanofibers on nanoporous copper |
| CN103741113A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-04-23 | 青岛科技大学 | Preparation method of nano carbon fiber film |
| CN103741113B (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2016-05-04 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of carbon nano-fiber thin film |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1287018C (en) | 2006-11-29 |
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