CN1639522A

CN1639522A - Coolant distributor

Info

Publication number: CN1639522A
Application number: CNA038047462A
Authority: CN
Inventors: Z·R·许勒
Original assignee: Xu Power Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xu Power Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-02-27
Filing date: 2003-02-15
Publication date: 2005-07-13
Also published as: EP1478889A1; WO2003073021A1; AU2003210287A1; MXPA04008232A

Abstract

The invention relates to a coolant distributor for use between an expansion valve and an evaporator of a refrigeration installation. Said distributor comprises a central fluid/vapour inflow channel, several outflow channels, which are distributed around the inflow channel and comprise inflow openings for the fluid and the vapour, a housing, a conduction chamber for radial flow conduction and an annular chamber between the housing wall and the outflow channels, which acts as a collection chamber for the fluid and the vapour. According to the invention, the outflow channels are provided with passages in the channel wall, said passages connecting the fluid and the vapour regions of the annular chamber to the channels. The aim of the invention is to produce the distributor cost-effectively and to adapt it easily to the respective coolants and their dynamic characteristics, in addition to obtaining a satisfactory coolant distribution. To achieve this, the distributor is provided with a one-piece distributor head (4), in which the outflow channels (16) are configured and which comprises a cap (6) for controlling the inflow.

Description

Coolant distributor

The present invention relates to a kind of coolant distributor by claim 1 preamble.

Refrigeration plant is connected on the principle work of the sealing coolant circuit shown in attached Fig. 1 and 2.Four critical pieces of this coolant circuit are the liquefier and the expansion valve of evaporimeter, compressor, band manifold, in evaporimeter under the condition of low temperature and corresponding therewith low pressure to the coolant feed heat, make the liquid/vapour two-phase mixture of input evaporimeter be transformed into vapour phase thus.The liquid phase cools medium is transformed at it that (evaporation process) absorbs the corresponding heat of process (heat of evaporation) therewith in process of vapour phase.The vapor phase of aspirating in compressor is compressed into higher temperature and correspondingly higher pressure from low temperature and corresponding therewith lower pressure by input work (work done during compression).In liquefier, under higher temperature and correspondingly higher pressure, discharge heat, and be transformed into liquid phase by discharging heat of liquefaction from vapor phase.The cooling agent of liquefaction constantly leaves liquefier and is kept in the manifold, to continue conveying.In expansion valve liquid coolant from the elevated pressures in liquefier and correspondingly higher temperature expansion (throttling) to low pressure in evaporimeter and correspondingly low temperature.This expansion/decompression process is not loss.In the process of this expansion process, a part of liquid phase coolant evaporation, cooling agent is transformed into liquid/vapour two-phase mixture, and it imports evaporimeter.

A joint device only is made up of a coiled pipe, that is only has an evaporation paths, as shown in fig. 1, does not therefore need coolant distributor.But this is a rarely found exception.Evaporimeter is by many evaporation paths, for uniform distribution liquid/vapour two-phase mixture must adopt a coolant distributor in normal industrial practice.The position of this coolant distributor of expression in Fig. 2.Coolant distributor directly is connected with expansion valve with unique pipeline as seen in Fig..Draw many pipelines from coolant distributor, lead to each evaporation paths of evaporimeter.

Vapour/the liquid two-phase mixture of cooling agent is uneven after expansion valve.The steam in the mixture of coolant distributor porch and the mass component of liquid are seen along with the time changes from the statistics angle.For this reason equably with coolant distribution on the evaporation paths to realize that uniform mass flow is difficult.

(Venturi-) distributor and Chawla/Schmitz distributor are as coolant distributor, referring to DE2460214, DE2731279, DE4207275, DE4407275 and EP360034 in the so-called venturi of known employing.

Distributor has such shortcoming in the venturi, and the homogenising of two-phase mixture guess is not to distribute best in promptly shrinking in venturi, therefore observes unsafty coolant distribution actually.

In dispensing arrangement, attempt to reach the homogenising of vapour/liquid mixture with the method that segregation mixes then again by Chawla/Schmitz.But set for this reason stiff frame for movement has many unsatisfactory parts in effect and manufacture view.Distributor has many weld seams at inaccessible position.The Chawla/Schmitz distributor can't mate aspect the flowing dynamics fast and economically with each cooling agent group.

The objective of the invention is, a kind of coolant distributor is provided, it can make things convenient for and make economically, and can be complementary with various cooling agents and dynamic property thereof easily, and it guarantees gratifying coolant distribution.

This purpose realizes by the invention by claim 1.

Good and suitable improvement structure provides in the dependent claims.

Can be made into two kinds of different structures in principle by coolant distributor of the present invention, vapour/liquid mixture that the first has from the below flows into, and another kind of structure is the inflow that has from this mixture of top.

Have from below the structure that flows into of mixture, coolant distributor of the present invention comprises three parts: the cover and that a dispenser head, welds with dispenser head is used to flow into the tube head of control on dispenser head.Mixture from above the structure that flows into, coolant distributor of the present invention only comprises four parts, that is: the mushroom-shaped tube head and that a dispenser head, is contained on the dispenser head with the cover, of dispenser head welding is welded in the interior inflow pipe joint of cover.

By dispenser head of the present invention can be economically the blank of the especially metal of specification is by means of car/bore/mill machining tool in accordance with regulations by one, program integral body processes in accordance with regulations especially automatically, perhaps can make with casting method.This makes the economy that can suit and makes fast.Here can freely select following parameter: the length of flow pass, diameter and quantity, the passway in flow pass or the width of seam, height and quantity, the diameter of flow channel and length.

Cover can be an integrated member or owing to the reason of processing technology aspect can be made up of two parts that interconnect welding in other words equally, perhaps is made up of a cylindrical lower portion and an arch top.The size of cover and moulding (width, highly, the amount of arching upward) can be easily and the size coupling of dispenser head.

That is to say that coolant distributor of the present invention can at random design in its configuration aspects, make it can be best and the corresponding mobility status of vapour/liquid mixture be complementary, to optimize the uniform distribution of corresponding cooling agent vapour/liquid mass flow.

Different with the known Chawla/Schmitz distributor that makes up based on pipe common, dimensional standardization on the market, the structure of coolant distributor of the present invention allows rapidly and economically coupling of product and the demand that is occurred, and combines with the dynamic property of the reality of selected cooling agent group separately.Thus as top mentioned, can reach the uniform distribution of the vapour/liquid mass flow of corresponding cooling agent.

By means of the accompanying drawing of expression embodiment the present invention is done more detailed explanation below.

Accompanying drawing is represented:

Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a coolant circuit by the not carrying coolant distributor of prior art,

Fig. 2 schematically illustrates a coolant circuit by the carrying coolant distributor of prior art,

Fig. 3 represents first kind of form of implementation of the coolant distributor of a tube head that has dispenser head, covers and become a mandarin of the present invention with cutaway view,

Fig. 3 a analyses and observe by the A-A of the coolant distributor of Fig. 3,

Fig. 3 b analyses and observe by the B-B of the coolant distributor of Fig. 3,

Fig. 3 c, 3d have varying number flow pass dispenser head be similar to two cutaway views analysing and observe by Fig. 3 b,

Fig. 4 a, 4b, three kinds of different dispenser head structures of 4c,

Fig. 5 represents second kind of form of implementation of coolant distributor of the present invention with cutaway view,

Fig. 6 represents the third form of implementation of coolant distributor of the present invention with cutaway view,

Fig. 7 has the form of implementation by Fig. 3 of different covers and weld seam,

Fig. 8 presses the modification of the form of implementation of Fig. 3,

Fig. 8 a analyses and observe by the A-A of the form of implementation of Fig. 8,

Fig. 8 b analyses and observe by the B-B of the form of implementation of Fig. 8.

Identical or suitable in the accompanying drawings member is represented with identical Reference numeral.

Fig. 3 represents that one comprises a dispenser head 4, become a mandarin tube head 6 and a cover 8 coolant distributor 2.

Dispenser head 4 is by the bottom 4 of a cylindrical upper section 4 ' and a conical expansion " form, the tube head 6 that becomes a mandarin is inserted on the top 4 ', bottom 4 " be made of one with cylindrical part 4 '.Cover 8 surrounds cylindrical part 4 ' together with tube head 6 with a determining deviation, makes between cylindrical part 4 ' and tube head 6 and cover 8 formation one be used for the last diversion cavity 10, of water conservancy diversion radially and is connected annular diversion cavity 11 above it, is connected doughnut 13 above it and the annular chamber 12 that is attached thereto.

Dispenser head 4 has a penetrated section 4 ' and 4 ", many circular flow pass 16 that the circle of extending in central authorities is gone into circulation road 14 and distributed with one heart equably around its; referring to Fig. 3 a-3d; their vertical ground part 4 ' in is parallel to central authorities and goes into circulation road 14 distributions; in bottom 4 " in outward-dipping roughly corresponding to the cone angle distribution, and have the inflow entrance 15 on a top.Flow pass 16 is communicated with annular chamber 12 by the communication port of making slit 18 in the top 4 ' of dispenser head 4, referring to Fig. 3 a.Slit 18 especially goes up cutting by the part 4 ' at dispenser head 4 or milling circumferential groove 19 is made, and separates by circumference muscle 17 mutually.In Fig. 3 a, SB represents that gap width, RFr represent that milling radius, RVK represent the radius of the part 4 ' of dispenser head 4.

Therefore the diameter DA of flow pass 16 has than going into the little free through flow cross section of circulation road less than the diameter DE that goes into circulation road 14.

Cover 8 has the cover top 8 that a cylinder blanket 8 ' and arches upward ", wherein shell 8 ' and cover push up 8 " be made of one, referring to Fig. 3, or form, referring to Fig. 7 by interconnective a plurality of parts.Edge 21 usefulness of shell a 8 ' only weld seam 20 are connected with the annular flange 22 of dispenser head 4, (Fig. 3) or lateral surface (Fig. 7) below weld seam can be arranged on here.Annular flange 22 approximate horizontal are arranged on the part 4 ' and 4 of dispenser head with overhanging " the junction.

The tube head 6 that becomes a mandarin has one and goes into circulation road tube head passages 24 14 that align, that enlarge continuously with the central authorities of dispenser head 4, and its free edge 25 covers at a certain distance goes into head piece 15, and feasible do not have liquid directly to enter into head piece from the top.

Height SH, width and the quantity in the slit 18 of the height VKH of the cylindrical part 4 ' of dispenser head 4 and diameter VKD, flow pass 16, length, diameter and the quantity of flow pass 16, central authorities go into the length and the diameter of circulation road 14 and cover 8 height H and diameter B and can select arbitrarily, referring to Fig. 3 and 4a.

The operation principle of coolant distributor 2 is as follows:

Vapour/the liquid mixture of cooling agent flow into from the top vertical, go into circulation road 14 what dispenser head 4 central authorities formed, and flow into and go up diversion cavity 10 from being used for controlling the inlet tube head 6 that becomes a mandarin.Tube head 6 is used for reducing flowing velocity, and the important prestage that forms cooling agent vapour/liquid mixture segregation or separate, and cooling agent comes from expansion valve (seeing Fig. 1 and 2).Mobile the hitting of leaving tube head 6 at arched part 8 on the cover 8 " on, and flowing into the doughnut 13 of coolant distributor with the speed that further reduces through last diversion cavity 10 and annular chamber 11, this can be regarded as second and separates level.Flow to the annular chamber 12 of coolant distributor 2 then, it has bigger volume, and the liquid phase and the final of vapour phase that carry out cooling agent here separate.Liquid phase collects in the bottom of annular chamber 12 with its designated volume, and vapour phase is stayed the top of annular chamber 12 and doughnut 13, referring to Fig. 3.Phase separation is that static state is carried out till the ass ascends the ladder, because everything all takes place in the flow progresses process, it keeps its intrinsic dynamic characteristics at random.

Shown in Fig. 3 and 3a-3d, the outflow from annular chamber 12 is undertaken by the circular flow pass 16 of concentric setting, and they distribute on 4 ' the vertical ground, top of dispenser head 4, and in the bottom 4 " leaning outward tiltedly distributes.The quantity of flow pass 16 is corresponding to the quantity of evaporation paths in the evaporimeter.

The coolant fluid polymorphic segment that is positioned at annular chamber 12 bottoms is by slit 18 inflow and outflow passages 16, is in cooling agent steam state in annular chamber 12 tops of liquid level 26 tops partly by the upper shed 15 of flow pass with pass through slit 18 inflow and outflow passages 16 from the side.In the further part of passage, form uniform cooling agent vapour/liquid mixture in this way, thus with each evaporation paths in the equal in quality composition supply evaporimeter of coolant vapours and liquid.

Nethermost slit 18 ' should have bigger gap opening, and this can realize by milling one broad and/or darker circumferential groove, thereby dirt can more easily be flowed out, and the danger of avoiding the slit to stop up.

In order advantageously to influence flow behavior and to avoid eddy current, the circumference muscle 17 between the slit 18 can suitably form concavo-convex profile, and rounded edge 29 is arranged, perhaps outside trapezoidal dwindling together with adding rounded edge 29, as shown in Fig. 4 a-4c.

Fig. 5 represents a coolant distributor 30, it is with difference by the coolant distributor 2 of Fig. 3, in dispenser head 32 and mushroom-shaped tube head 34, there is not centre gangway, cover 36 has the last inflow pipe joint 38 of bringing circulation road 40 into, vapour/the liquid mixture of cooling agent flows into coolant distributor 30 from the top, flow to the convexity end face 42 of mushroom-shaped tube head 34, the edge 25 the same inflow entrances 15 that cover flow pass 16 of its edge 44 with by the form of implementation of Fig. 3 the time flow and like that radially and circlewise distribute from the embodiment that is similar to here by Fig. 3.Inlet tube joint 38 and make plug-in mushroom-shaped tube head 34 and can mate arbitrarily with corresponding mobility status at that time, the operation principle of coolant distributor 30 is equivalent to the operation principle by the coolant distributor 2 of Fig. 3 in other respects.

Fig. 6 represents a coolant distributor 50, it have with by the identical structure of the coolant distributor 2 of Fig. 3.Difference only is to be equipped with netted, the palisade of an annular or orifice plate shape midfeather 52 in the bottom of the annular chamber 12 that compiles liquid, and it preferably ends at the front of cover wall with very little distance.Selectively or additionally in the bottom of annular chamber 12, establish an infiltrative packing material 54, for example form (dotting) by steel wool.These two measures are used for making flows steadily.

Fig. 8 represents a coolant distributor 60, and it only is that with difference by the coolant distributor 2 of Fig. 3 communication port is the slit 62 or the hole 64 of vertical.Fig. 8 a and 8b represent that the A-A and the B-B of dispenser head 4 cylindrical upper sections 4 ' analyse and observe.Coolant distributor 60 is equivalent to the coolant distributor 2 by Fig. 3 aspect other of structure and operation principle.

Dispenser head 4 is by the machining manufacturing of a blank of especially being made up of metal or by means of the casting technique manufacturing.

Claims

1. be used in the expansion valve of refrigeration plant and the coolant distributor between the evaporimeter, have

-one central liquid/vapour mixture is gone into circulation road,

-a plurality of around the flow pass that has the inflow entrance that is used for liquid phase and vapour phase of going into the circulation road distribution,

-one housing,

-one is used for the radially diversion cavity of water conservancy diversion,

-one annular chamber between housing wall and flow pass as the collection chamber of liquid phase and vapour phase, wherein flow pass is provided with at least one communication port on conduit wall, it makes liquid phase and the vapour phase district and the channel connection of annular chamber, it is characterized by: be provided with an all-in-one-piece dispenser head (4), form flow pass (16) in its inside, and it has a tube head (6,34) that is used to into current control.

2. by the coolant distributor of claim 1, it is characterized by: housing is made the cover (8) that is connected with dispenser head (4), and it has spacing ground to surround a part (4 ') and the tube head (6) of dispenser head (4) at least.

3. press the coolant distributor of claim 1, it is characterized by: go into circulation road (14) and make at the central cylindrical hole of dispenser head (4), in order to import liquid/gas mixture from the below, and have a port that ends at from cover wall (8 ") a distance; tube head (6) is contained in this port, tube head have one with the tube head passage (24) of going into the continuous expansion that circulation road (14) aligns.

4. by the coolant distributor of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized by; Go into circulation road (40) and constitute, in order to import liquid/vapour mixture from the top by an inflow pipe joint (38) that is arranged in housing or cover (8) top; The tube head of making mushroom-shaped (34) that is arranged on into circulation road (40) below of dispenser head (30) has a convexity end face (42) that seals, and liquid/vapour mixture flows to this end face.

5. by the coolant distributor of claim 1, it is characterized by: the free edge (25,44) of tube head (6,34) has spacing ground to cover the inflow entrance of flow pass (16).

6. by each coolant distributor of aforesaid right requirement, it is characterized by: dispenser head (4) is made up of a cylindrical upper section (4 ') and a conical bottom that enlarges (4 "), and tube head (6,34) is inserted on the described cylindrical upper section.

7. by the coolant distributor of claim 1, it is characterized by: flow pass (16) in the top (4 ') of dispenser head (4), be parallel to central authorities go into circulation road (14), in the bottom of dispenser head (4) (4 ") outward-dipping distributions setting.

8. by the coolant distributor of claim 2, it is characterized by: the edge (21) of cover (8) is connected with an annular flange (22) of dispenser head (4).

9. by claim 8 and 6 coolant distributor, it is characterized by: annular flange (22) be arranged on dispenser head (4) from top (4 ') to the bottom junction of (4 ").

10. by each coolant distributor of aforesaid right requirement, it is characterized by: zone formation at least one communication port (18) that is positioned at cylindrical part (4 ') at flow pass (16).

11. the coolant distributor by claim 10 is characterized by: communication port (18) is to go up the slit of making by milling circumferential groove (19) at the cylindrical part (4 ') of dispenser head (4).

12. the coolant distributor by claim 11 is characterized by: circumferential groove (19) is expansion outwards.

13. by the coolant distributor of claim 11 or 12, it is characterized by: the seamed edge (29) of staying the circumference muscle (17) between the circumferential groove is rounded.

14. by the coolant distributor of claim 10, it is characterized by: communication port (18) is slit (62) or hole (64) of vertical, they are formed in the part in the wall that is arranged on dispenser head (4) cylindrical parts (4 ') of flow pass (16).

15. by each coolant distributor of aforesaid right requirement, it is characterized by: flow pass (16) has than going into the little free through flow cross section of circulation road (14).

16. each coolant distributor by the aforesaid right requirement, it is characterized by: height of dispenser head (4) cylindrical parts (4 ') (VKH) and diameter (VKD), the height (SH) in slit (18,62), width (SB) and quantity, the quantity and the size in the hole (64) of flow pass (16) are gone into the length of circulation road (14) and the height (H) and the width (B) of diameter (DE) and cover (8) and can be selected arbitrarily.

17. each the coolant distributor by the aforesaid right requirement is characterized by: in the annular chamber (12) of coolant distributor, be provided with a ring-like intermediate wall (52) of forming by netted, palisade or orifice plate shape material.

18. by the coolant distributor of claim 17, it is characterized by: midfeather (52) ends at wall a distance of shrinking away from theshell body or cover (8).

19. each the coolant distributor by the aforesaid right requirement is characterized by: a kind of permeable packing material (54) is set in annular chamber (12).

20. by the coolant distributor of claim 19, it is characterized by: packing material (54) is a metal wool.

21. by each the coolant distributor of claim 17-20, it is characterized by: midfeather (52) and/or packing material (54) are arranged in the liquid phase region of annular chamber (12).

22. each the coolant distributor by the aforesaid right requirement is characterized by: dispenser head (4) is by the machining of blank or by means of the casting technique manufacturing.